2022年中石油職稱英語考試真題及參考答案解析

中石油職稱英語考試真題及參照答案解析

I.VocabularySectionADirections:Therearesomesentencesinthissection.Beloweachsentencearefourotherwordsorphrases.Youaretochoosetheonewordorphrasewhichwouldbestkeepingthemeaningoftheoriginalsentenceifitweresubstitutedfortheunderlinedwordorphrase.Thenmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.

1、Inmostcountries,thecrimeofmurdercarries

harsh

penalties.

A.unconscious

B.thrive

C.severe

D.prudent

【參照答案】C

【釋義】harsh

adj.殘酷;嚴酷;嚴肅;惡劣

unconsciousadj.無知覺;昏迷;不省人事;無意識

thrive

v.繁華;茁壯成長;蓬勃發(fā)展;興旺發(fā)達

severe

adj.極為惡劣;十分嚴重;嚴肅;苛刻

prudent

adj.謹慎;慎重;精明

2、Itellmymotheraboutmytrialsatworkand

brag

aboutthekids.

A.lie

B.boast

C.secretive

D.feelawkward【參照答案】B【出處】《通用選讀》第28課That"OtherWoman"inMyLife第8段。【釋義】brag

v.吹噓;自吹自擂

lie

v.躺;說謊;撒謊;在于

boast

v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪東西)

secretive

adj.(思想、情感等)不外露;慣于掩藏自己;有城府

feelawkward

為難;作難;犯難

3、Theemployeehadto

breakoff

theconversationinordertowaitonhismanger.

A.continue

B.hurry

C.begin

D.discontinue【參照答案】D【出處】MBA聯(lián)考大綱英語詞組。原題:Theemployeehadto

breakoff

theconversationinordertowaitonhismanager.(discontinue)【釋義】breakoff

v.斷絕;折取;把…折斷;使脫落

continue

v.持續(xù);延伸;繼續(xù)存在;不斷發(fā)生

hurry

v.趕緊;(朝某方向)迅速移動;催促(某人);迅速解決

begin

v.開始;啟動;起始;開始存在(或進行)

discontinue

v.停止;終結;中斷;終結(生產(chǎn))

4、Thereisan

extensiveglaciersystem,endlessforests,andinnumerablelakesthroughoutthishighlandarea.

A.expansive

B.broad

d.deep

D.intense【參照答案】A【出處】《通用選讀》第24課TheDelightsofSouthIsland第3段【釋義】extensive

adj.遼闊;廣大;大量;廣泛

expansive

adj.遼闊;遼闊;浩瀚;廣泛

broad

adj.寬闊;遼闊;…寬(用于表達距離量度之后)

deep

adj.深陷;全神貫注;專心;深

intense

adj.很大;十分強烈;嚴肅緊張;激烈

5、Scientistsaretryingtodevelopcomputersthatwill

simulate

thehumanthoughtprocess.

A.project

B.reflect

C.substitute

D.assume【參照答案】B【出處】大綱模擬試題一第13題【釋義】simulate

v.模仿;假裝;冒充;裝作

project

v.籌劃;規(guī)劃;投影;投射

reflect

v.反映;映出(影像);反射(聲、光、熱等);顯示

substitute

v.取代;(以…)代替

assume

v.假設;假定;以為;假裝

6、Thetwodriverswereinjuredinthe

collision.

A.fight

B.accident

C.critic

D.crash【參照答案】D【出處】同等學力人員申請研究生學位英語試題【解釋】collision

n.抵觸;碰撞(或相撞)事故

fight

n.斗爭;打架;打斗;搏斗

accident

n.意外;(交通)事故;意外遭遇;不測事件

criticn.評論家;反對者;批評者

crash

n.崩潰;墜毀;撞擊;速成

7、Visitinginahumidclimatewillcausethetraveler’sclothingtobecome

saturated

withsweat.

A.stained

B.heated

C.drenched

D.trapped【參照答案】C【出處】大學六級試題【釋義】saturated

adj.浸透;濕透;(溶液)飽和;深

stained

adj.(被血或污物)染污;有瑕疵或污點;(因罪行)敗壞名聲;染色

heated

adj.憤怒;激烈;十分激動;(用加熱器)加熱了

drenched

adj.濕透;含太多液體;布滿(液體)

trap

v.誘捕;設計誘陷;安防臭瓣;發(fā)射(泥鴿)

8、IntheheartofthecontinentofAntarcticaitisalmostashighasthe

summits

oftheAlps.

A.tops

B.trails

C.apexes

D.sites【參照答案】C【出處】《通用選讀》第60課WhyAntarcticaIsBeingExplored第8段【釋義】summit

n.峰會;山頂;頂點;最高點

top

n.頂;上衣;陀螺;上面

trails

n.小路;長長地拖垂后頭東西;(流星等)尾;衣裙

apex

n.頂點;最高點

site

n.網(wǎng)站;站點;現(xiàn)場;位置

9、Nowsomescientistshave

revised

theirwayofthinking.

A.rejected

B.unclear

C.amended

D.distasteful【參照答案】C【出處】新視野大學英語3課文1-6單元sectionB原文【釋義】revise

v.修訂;修正;校閱;再檢查

reject

v.回絕;駁回;丟棄;不接受

unclear

adj.不清晰;不擬定;難以掌握;不完全明白

amend

v.改良;訂正;變化(行為等);改過

distasteful

adj.使人不高興;令人反感;討厭

10、Ithasbeenarguedthatoilmaybetterbefoundby

random

drillingthanbytheapplianceofscientificprinciples.

A.

foolish

B.unplanned

C.unavoidable

D.wise【參照答案】B【出處】《通用選讀》第31課PetroleumGeologyandOtherSciences第8段【釋義】random

adj.隨機

foolish

adj.愚蠢;傻;感到荒謬;出丑

unplanned

adj.未籌劃(或謀劃);意外

unavoidable

adj.無法避免;難以防止

wise

adj.布滿智慧;明智;英明;明察善斷SectionBDirections:Therearesomeincompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.

11、Ouroverseasbranchofficeis____toopeninDubainextmonth.

A.advanced

B.informed

C.maintained

D.scheduled

【參照答案】D

【出處】托業(yè)考試(TOEIC)模擬試題

【釋義】advance

v.提前;進步;增進;預付

inform

v.告知;告示;知會;理解

maintain

v.維護;保持;堅持;撫養(yǎng)

schedule

v.安排;預定;為…安排時間

12、Dear,dosendthechildrentobed.Ican't____theirnoiseanylonger.

A.putupwith

B.putout

C.putoff

D.putaway

【參照答案】A

【出處】專升本英語考前復習試題

【釋義】putupwith

na.

忍住;忍耐

putout

v.撲滅;熄滅;放出;伸出

putoff

na.

延期;辯解

putaway

v.把…收起來;儲存

13、Salespromotion____thosepromotionalactivitiesotherthanadvertising,personalselling,andpublicity.

A.isconsistedof

B.consistsof

C.iscomposedfrom

D.composesfrom

【參照答案】B

【出處】《通用選讀》第52課SalesPromotion第1段

【釋義】isconsistedof

被動語態(tài),由……構成

consistsof

v.由…構成;由…構成;由…構成

14、Thesefuels____heatwhentheyburn.

A.giveup

B.giveoff

C.giveaway

D.givein

【參照答案】B

【出處】《通用選讀》第26課TheMagicofEnergy第13段

【釋義】giveup

na.放棄;斷絕;投降;自首

giveoff

na.放出;發(fā)出;釋放;散發(fā)出

giveaway

na.贈送;分發(fā);放棄;露馬腳

givein

na.讓步;屈服;投降;上交

15、Ibelieveinthesupremeworthoftheindividualandinhisright__life,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness.

A.by

B.to

c.at

D.over

【參照答案】B

【出處】《通用選讀》第7課OurFamilyCreed第5段

16、Whereveryougointheworld,trytoshowrespectforthevaluesofthecountryyouarein,____youdonotnecessarilyagreewiththem.

A.whatever

B.evenif

C.asif

D.provided

【參照答案】B

【出處】《通用選讀》第46課CulturalTaboos第6段

【釋義】whatever

pron.[連接代詞]無論;什么都;〈俚〉究竟…什么

evenif

na.雖然…也

asif

好像;好像;儼然;似乎;就跟…同樣

provided

conj.如果;如果;在…條件下

17、MainframeSoftwareCompany____itsclientscompletesatisfactionwithallitsproducts.

A.requests

B.admits

C.agrees

D.guarantees

【參照答案】D

【出處】托業(yè)考試(TOEIC)試題

【釋義】這里要選取謂語動詞。在空格之后是動詞雙賓語itsclients和completesatisfaction。選項當中可以接直接賓語和間接賓語只有guarantee。guarantee+人+物“向某人保證某事”。(A)request“規(guī)定”和(B)admit“批準”只能接一種賓語。(C)agree“批準”。

18、Organicchemistryis____bothintheanalysisofoilandgasandinthestudyofthe

diagenesis

oftheplantandanimaltissuesinsediments.

A.involved

B.evolution

C.revolved

D.evolved

【參照答案】A

【出處】《通用選讀》第31課PetroleumGeologyandOtherSciences第3段

【釋義】beinvolvedin

na.被包入;被卷入漩渦;參加;涉及;介入

19、Managersneedtomonitorinflation____sotheycanmakegooddecisions.

A.emergency

B.trend

C.pace

D.schedule

【參照答案】B

【出處】《通用選讀》第47課ManagingInaGlobalEnvironment第10段

【釋義】emergency

n.突發(fā)事件;緊急狀況

trend

n.趨勢;動向;趨向;動態(tài)

pace

n.步伐;節(jié)奏;步速;(移動)速度

schedule

n.日程安排;明細表;工作籌劃

20、Hefailedagaininthedrivingtest.Idon’tknowwhy____

hewassonervous.

A.intheearth

B.ontheearth

C.inearth

D.onearth

【參照答案】D

【出處】中石油職稱英語考試模擬試題二

【釋義】intheearth

在泥土里;在地下;在地里

ontheearth

在地球上

inearth

在土壤中

onearth

adv.

究竟,究竟,固定搭配,為限度副詞。本帖最后由非段于-4-1714:43編輯

II.GrammaticalStructureSectionADirections:Therearesomeincompletesentencesinthispart.BeneatheachsentenceyouwillseefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.

21、Ifyoudon’tagreetoourplan,____.A.eithertheywill

B.neitherwilltheyC.sodon’tthey

D.sotheywon’tneither【參照答案】B【解析】句意:如果你不批準我們籌劃,她們也不批準。表達某人也不怎么樣,用

neither/nor+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞+主語。因此選B。

22、HespeaksEnglish,butnot____

hissisterdoes.A.aswelllike

B.sowellas

C.likegoodas

D.asgoodas【參照答案】B【出處】中石油職稱英語考試真題【解析】句意:她會說英語,但不好她姐姐說好。

23、Youaresupposed

____

everythingreadybynow.A.toget

B.getting

C.tohavegot

D.havinggot【參照答案】C【解析】句意:到當前為止你應當把一切都準備好了。此題考動詞搭配。besupposed后要接不定式,即besupposedtodosth.

表達“應當……”。此句中“bynow”表達動作應已完畢,因此不定式要用完畢時態(tài),故C為對的答案。

24、Thecommitteerecommendsthatthematter____atthenextmeeting.A.bediscussed

B.maybediscussedC.wouldbediscussed

D.willbediscussed【參照答案】A【解析】recommends

浮現(xiàn),應用虛擬語調(diào),完整為shouldbediscussed,should省略了。當主句謂語動詞為suggest,propose,advise,insist,order,demand,require,request,desire等表達“建議”、“命令”、“祈求”和“規(guī)定”動詞時,其后賓語從句中要用虛擬語調(diào)“should+動詞原形”(在美國英語中

should省略)。

25、TheUniversityofMichigan,____

in1817,islocatedmAnnArbor,Michigan.A.whichwasfound

B.whichwasfoundedC.founding

D.thatwasfound【參照答案】B【解析】befounded

成立;被建立;被發(fā)現(xiàn)

26、Before____

theenvelope,pleasebesureyouhaveenclosedallofthedocumentslistedinyourorientationpacket.A.sealing

B.issealed

C.wassealed

D.seal【參照答案】A【解析】考察分詞構造,當兩句相連時,如果兩句主語相似,可以省略一種主語。但是動詞如果是積極式則改為當前分詞,若動詞如果是被動式,則保存過去分詞。本題原本應當是「Beforeyousealtheenvelope」,但由于連接兩句主詞都是you,因此將「beforeyousealtheenvelope」改為分詞構造「beforesealingtheenvelope」。

27、Toprotectthecameralens,besuretoreattachthelenscover____

returningthecameratoitscase.A.when

B.what

C.whether

D.why【參照答案】A

28、You__herintheofficelastFriday;she’sbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.A.musthaveseen

B.can’thaveseenC.needn’thaveseen

D.mighthaveseen【參照答案】B【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞完畢式。整句意思:你上周五不也許在她辦公室看到她了,她出城已有兩個星期了。

musthavedone過去一定做了,can’thavedone過去不也許做了,needn’thavedone過去本不必做而做了,mighthavedone過去也許做了。

29、Asageneralrule,snakes

____unlessoffended.A.havenotbitten

B.donotbiteC.willnotbebiting

D.arenotbiting【參照答案】B【解析】本題指是普通狀態(tài)下,因此要用普通當前時。句意:普通狀況下蛇不會咬人,除非被冒犯。offended

v.冒犯;得罪;

觸怒(offend過去式和過去分詞

);

使反感令人不適。

30、IguessJonesdidn’thaveachancetowintheelection.____thepeopleinthecityvotedforhisopponent.A.

Mostofall

B.Almostallof

C.Mostallof

D.Almostthewholeof【參照答案】B

【出處】大綱模擬試題二第26題【解析】句意:我猜想瓊斯是不也許在選舉中獲勝了,幾乎所有市民都投了她對手票。此題考查詞搭配。mostofall大多數(shù);almostallofthepeople幾乎所有人們;C項搭配不對的;D項whole普通不指代人。SectionBDirections:Inquestions31-40eachsentencehasfourunderlinedwordsorphrases,markedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonewordorphrasewhichisincorrectandmustbechangedtomakethesentencecorrect.Thenmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.

31、Oneofthe

muchdiscussingquestions

today

hastodowith

whetherornot

theteachingof

A

B

Creading

shouldstart

inthekindergarten.

D【參照答案】A。改為:muchdiscussedquestions

32、Whena

severe

ankle

injury

forced

herself

togiveupreportingin1926,MargaretMitchell

A

B

Cbeganwriting

hernovelGonewiththewind.

D【參照答案】C。改為:her

33、The

bigger

of

all

nine

planets

inthe

solar

systemisJupiter.

A

B

C

D【參照答案】A。改為:biggest

34、TherearevineyardsinCalifornia

that

product

someof

thebest

wineinthe

world.

A

B

C

D【參照答案】B。改為:produce

35、Rapidly

fallen

oilpricescausedOPECministerstomeet

and

plan

astrategy.

A

B

C

D【參照答案】B?！境鎏帯看缶V模擬試題二第37題【解析】改為:B

應改為

falling

36、Itisaphenomenon

known

astemperatureinversion

what

causestheworst

smoginplaces

A

B

Csuchas

LosAngles.

D【參照答案】B【出處】大綱模擬試題五第32題【解析】改為:B

應改為

that。此題考查強調(diào)句型。本句為

It

引導強調(diào)句型,背面應用

that,而不是

what。

37、Newshopping

mallisbeingplanned

forthe

residentialarea

where

newhomesarebeingbuilt

A

B

Cat

arapidrate.

D【參照答案】A【出處】大綱模擬試題五第37題【解析】A

應改為

Anewshopping。此題考查冠詞。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必要有冠詞。

38、Theinstructorhadgone

over

theproblems

manytimes

before

thestudents

willtake

thefinalexamination.

A

B

C

D【參照答案】D【解析】D改為took。主句為過去完畢時,故before引導從句為過去時。

39、Idon’tknow

that

youcanrecognize

himfromhere,

buttheboy

reading

thenewspaperisTom.

A

B

C

D【參照答案】A【解析】改為whether

40、Thetest

administrator

ordered

we

nottoopen

ourbooksuntilhetoldustodo.

A

B

C

D【參照答案】B【解析】B改為us。III.CloseTest

Directions:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

Theweatheroftenchangeswhatpeopledoandhowtheydoit.Itisveryimportantinoureverydaylive.Meteorologistsarescientistswhotrytopredicttheweather.

41

dotheyfindoutthis_42

_?

For

43

scientiststriedtopredicttheweatherby

44

it.Thisdidn’tworkverywell.Evenifamanstandsonaveryhighmountain,hecanonlyseeasmallpartoftheweather.Then,in1820,aGermanscientist

45

thatscientistscoulddrawamapofthewayweathermoves.Theweathertomorrowis_

46

_today.Itmaymoveas

47

as30milesanhour.Itmaymove725milesin24hour.

_48

weathermoves,thebestwaytopredict

49

istousemaps.Youcanseeapictureoftheweatherforlargepartsofthecountryonamap.Winterstormsofrainand

50

willbe1,000mileswide.Onlyonamapcanmeteorologistsseeastormthisbig.In1820,itwasdifficulttomakesuchmaps.Whywasitdifficult?Thescientistsneededweatherreportstomakethemaps.Itwasnoteasytogetweatherreportsquickly.Todayweatherreportscanbeeasilyandquicklycollectedfromeverywhere.

41、A.Why

B.When

C.Where

D.How

42、A.information

B.news

C.advice

D.experience

43、A.ever

B.ashortwhile

C.alongtime

D.thefirsttime

44、A.listeningto

B.lookingat

C.believingin

D.dependingon

45、A.insisted

B.expected

C.showed

D.agreed

46、A.farawayfrom

B.overthere

C.nearhere

D.highup

47、A.fast

B.soon

C.far

D.slow

48、A.If

B.Unless

C.Because

D.Though

49、A.it

B.this

C.that

D.one

50、A.cloud

B.steam

C.snow

D.water

41.D【解析】上文已經(jīng)提到氣象學家,是研究天氣變化科學家并試圖預測天氣,那么這句意思,按邏輯關系應當談及預測辦法。

42.A【解析】句中詞組findout意為“查出、找到”,選項中advice意為“建議”,experience意為“經(jīng)驗、體驗”,information意為“信息”。

43.C【解析】alongtime很長時間;很長一段時間。

44.B【解析】believein意為“信奉……”,dependon意為“依賴于……”,lookat意為“看……”

45.C【解析】show意為“闡明、證明”,agree意為“批準、贊同”,insist意為“堅持”。此句意為:18,德國一科學家證明可用天氣變化圖預測天氣。并沒有“批準”“堅持”含義。

46.A【解析】farawayfrom意為“遠離……”,此句意為“明每天氣狀況距離今天很遙遠?！?/p>

47.A【解析】本句意思為:氣象變動速度不久,每小時“快”達30英里。由下句可知這里指是速度。

48.C【解析】這是一種表達因素狀語從句。承辦上下文,由于天氣不斷移動,因此最佳預測天氣辦法是用圖來表白。

49.A【解析】在表達時間、距離、天氣等時,代詞應用“it”。

50.C【解析】rainandsnow雨雪IV.ReadingComprehensionSectionA

Directions:Thereare4passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.

Questions51to54arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Althoughrecentyearshaveseensubstantialreductionsinnoxiouspollutantsfromindividualmotorvehicles,thenumberofsuchvehicleshasbeensteadilyincreasing.Consequently,morethan100citiesintheUnitedStatesstillhavelevelsofcarbonmonoxide,particulatematter,andozone(generatedbyphotochemicalreactionswithhydrocarbonsfromvehicleexhaust)thatexceedlegallyestablishedlimits.Thereisagrowingrealizationthattheonlyeffectivewaytoachievefurtherreductionsinvehicleemissions—shortofamassiveshiftawayfromtheprivateautomobile—istoreplaceconventionaldieselfuelandgasolinewithcleaner-burningfuelssuchascompressednaturalgas,liquefiedpetroleumgas,ethanol,ormethanol.

Allofthesealternativesarecarbon-basedfuelswhosemoleculesaresmallerandsimplerthanthoseofgasoline.Thesemoleculesbummorecleanlythangasoline,inpartbecausetheyhavefewer,ifany,carbon-carbonbondsandthehydrocarbonstheydoemitarelesslikelytogenerateozone.Thecombustionoflargermolecules,whichhavemultiplecarbon-carbonbondsinvolvesamorecomplexseriesofreactions.Thesereactionsincreasetheprobabilityofincompletecombustionandaremorelikelytoreleaseuncombustedandphotochemicallyactivehydrocarboncompoundsintotheatmosphere.Ontheotherhand,alternativefuelsdohavedrawbacks.Compressednaturalgaswouldrequirethatvehicleshavesetofheavyfueltanks—aseriousliabilityintermsofperformanceandfuelefficiency—andliquefiedpetroleumgasfacesfundamentallimitsonsupply.

Ethanolandmethanol,ontheotherhand,haveimportantadvantagesoverothercarbon-basedalternativefuels:theyhavehigherenergycontentpervolumeandwouldrequireminimalchangesintheexistingnetworkfordistributingmotorfuel.Ethanoliscommonlyusedasagasolinesupplement,butitiscurrentlyabouttwiceasexpensiveasmethanol,thelowcostofwhichisoneofitsattractivefeatures.Methanol’smostattractivefeature,however,isthatitcanreducebyabout90percentthevehicleemissionsthatformozone,themostseriousurbanairpollutant.

Likeanyalternativefuel,methanolhasitscritics.Yetmuchofthecriticismisbasedontheuseof“gasolineclone”vehiclesthatdonotincorporateeventhesimplestdesignimprovementsthataremadepossiblewiththeuseofmethanol.Itistrue,forexample,thatagivenvolumeofmethanolprovidesonlyaboutone-halfoftheenergythatgasolineanddieselfueldo;otherthingsbeingequal,thefueltankwouldhavetobesomewhatlargerandheavier.However,sincemethanol-fueledvehiclescouldbedesignedtobemuchmoreefficientthan“gasolineclone”vehiclesfueledwithmethanoltheywouldneedcomparativelylessfuel.Vehiclesincorporatingonlythesimplestoftheengineimprovementsthatmethanolmakesfeasiblewouldstillcontributetoanimmediatelesseningofurbanairpollution.

51、Accordingtothetext,incompletecombustionismorelikelytooccurwithgasolinethanwithanalternativefuelbecause

A.gasolinemoleculeshaveasimplemolecularstructure.

B.gasolineiscomposedofsmallmolecules.

C.thecombustionofgasolinereleasesphotochemicallyactivehydrocarbons.

D.thecombustionofgasolineembracesanintricatesetofreactions.

【原文出處】通用選讀第五課Carbon-basedAlternative。題目源自于考研、GRE等。

【參照答案】D

【解析】本題是一道指代詞題型。依照題干中“incompletecombustion”可將本題答案信息來源迅速擬定在第二段第四句,該句中指代詞“these”暗示本題詳細答案信息來源應當在第二段第三句。通過閱讀和理解第二段第三句可推導出本題對的選項。

52、Thetextsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutairpollution?

A.Fewseriousattemptshavebeenmadetoreducetheamountofpollutantsemittedbygasoline-fueledvehicles.

B.Pollutantsemittedbygasoline-fueledvehiclesarenotthemostcriticalsourceofurbanairpollution.

C.Furtherattemptstoreduceemissionsfromgasoline-fueledvehicleswillnothelplowerurbanairpollutionlevels.

D.Attemptstoreducethepollutantsthatanindividualgasoline-fueledvehicleemitshavebeenlargelyunsuccessful.

【參照答案】C

【解析】本題是一道審題定位題型。通過題干中“airpollution”可將本題答案信息來源迅速擬定在第一段,由于第一段首句中具有“noxiouspollutants”,都在談污染問題。通過閱讀和理解第一段,特別是第一段尾句即全文中心主旨句,可推導出本題對的選項。這是一道比較難題。考生在解題時一定要具備審題定位能力,還要具備歸納和推導能力。

53、Whichofthefollowingmostcloselyparallelsthesituationdescribedinthefirstsentenceofthetext?

A.Althoughatown’scitizensreducetheirindividualuseofwater,thetown’swatersuppliescontinuetodwindlebecauseofasteadyincreaseinthetotalpopulatingofthetown.

B.Althoughacountryattemptstoincreasethesaleofdomesticgoodsbyaddingataxtothepriceofimportedgoods,thesaleofimportedgoodswithinthecountrycontinuestoincrease.

C.Althoughatownreducesitspublicservicesinordertoavoidataxincrease,thetown’staxrateexceedsthatofothertownsinthesurroundingarea.

D.Althoughastatepassesstrictlawstolimitthetypeoftoxicmaterialthatcanbedisposedofinpubliclandfills,illegaldumpingcontinuestoincrease.

【參照答案】A

【解析】這是一道類比題型,由于本題題干中具有“parallels”(與……相稱,與……同樣)一詞。本題題干已將類比參照對象擬定在第一段首句。通過仔細閱讀和理解第一段首句,可推導出本題對的選項,由于該選項涉及增減關系前提條件和原文一脈相承。考生在破解這種題型時應對原文所表達內(nèi)容與關系有明確結識和把握,不可以無依照地推導。

54、Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthetextmostlikelyregardsthecriticismofmethanolas

.

A.flawedbecauseoftheassumptionsonwhichitisbased.

B.inapplicablebecauseofaninconsistencyinthecritics,arguments.

C.misguidedbecauseofitsexclusivelytechnologicalfocus.

D.inaccuratebecauseitignoresconsumers,concerns.

【參照答案】A

【解析】這是一道細節(jié)推導題型。本題題干中“thecriticismofmethanol”把本題答案信息來源擬定在第四段第一、二句。通過閱讀和理解這兩句話,特別是第二句話,就可推導出本題對的選項。考生在破解本題時一定要注意第二句話第一種詞“Yet”在語意上所起作用?？忌诮忸}時一定要注重啟承轉合詞浮現(xiàn)和功能。Questions55to58arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Formanytravelersthereisnothinglikeabigcity.Thebigcitiesofanationofferthingsthatareusuallynotfoundinotherplaces.Outstandingmuseums,plays,music,anddancegroupsareexamples.Shopsthatseemtoselleverythingunderthesun,greatbuildings,famousbusinesses,andveryfinerestaurantsalsoarecommon.

Formanytravelers,therefore,thecityistheplacetobe.Yet,forsome,thecityhasbecomeaplacetofear.Theyseethecityasaplacewithtoomanypeople,toomuchtraffic,andyes,toomuchcrime.

Hereareafewsuggestionsandsafetyruleswhichcanhelpthevisitortohavemorefunandfewerworries.Keeptheminmindthenexttimeyoutraveltoalargecitysothatyoucanmakethemostofyourvisit.

Chooseahotelwhichhasagoodreputation.Don’tchoosejustanyplacefromalistofhotelsandprices.Trytotalkwithsomeonewhohasbeenthere.

Whenyougettoyourhotel,leaveanylargeamountsofcashandanythingelseofvalueinthehotelsafe.Takethemoutonlyasyouneedthem.Itiswisenottoshowalotofjewelryanyway.Ifyoumustkeepthingsofvalueinyourroom,atleastlocktheminasuitcasebeforeyougoout.

Keepyoungchildrenwithyouatalltimes.Donotletthemwalkaroundwithoutyou.

Domostofyourdaytimeandallofyournighttimesightseeinginthecity’smainareas.Gotootherareasonlywhenyouaresuretheyaresafe.Youcanwalksafelythroughmostbig-citystreetsfromaround8a.m.toearlyevening.Nevergotoparksandbeachesafterdarkorveryearlyinthemorning.Atnight,walkonbusy,well-lightedmainstreets.Donotwalkalone.Useataxiwhenthereisanyquestionofsafetyordistance.

Trytotakeataxiownedbyamajorcompany.Besureyoucanseethecitynumberontheoutsideandthedriver’spictureontheinside.Ifyouarenotsureofataxi,askyourhoteldoormanorbellcaptain.InNewYorkCityitisadvisabletotravelonlyinYellowCabs.

Ifyouhavesmallchildrenwithyou,givethem,inwriting,thenameofyourhotel,itsphonenumber,andyourroomnumber.Tellthem,iflost,totellapolicemanorcallatelephoneoperatorfromapublicplaceofbusiness.

Rememberthattherearelotsofpeopletohelpyou.Policemenandpeopleinhotels,restaurants,stores,andbankscangiveyoudirectionsandinformation.

Millionsofpeoplevisitcitieseveryyearinperfectsafetyandhaveagreattime.Followthesesimplerulesandyoucantoo.

55、Theauthorstatesthatbigcities

.

A.areusuallyverysafe

B.aremorefunthansmalltowns

C.aretoodangerousformostvisitors.

D.havealottooffer

56、Thisarticlestatesthat

.

A.youshouldchooseahotelwithagoodreputation

B.childrenaresafeiftheyhaveadimeandaphonenumber

C.alockedsuitcaseisthebestplaceformoneyandjewelry

D.anyareaofabigcityissafeatnight

57、Wecantellfromstatementsmadeinthisarticlethat__.

A.thedrivershouldhavehisnamewrittenonhisuniform

B.noteverythingthatlookslikeataxiisapropersafetaxi

C.onlyyellowtaxisaresafetouse

D.alltaxidriversshouldhavetheirpicturesshowinginthefrontwindow

58、Thisarticleismainlyabout

.

A.choosingtherighthotel

B.thecareofmoneyandotherthingsofvalue

C.safetyrulestofollow

D.planningthetrip

【原文出處】通用選讀第27課WhenYouTraveltoaLargeCity

【參照答案】DABD

55.D

【解析】“bigcities”是核心詞,短文第一段。

56.A

【解析】第四段首句。普通來說,如果在文中沒有浮現(xiàn)帶有“絕對”含義詞匯,如:B.……aresafeif……如果……就是安全,C.……thebest……最佳……,D.any……任何……,不會是對的答案。

57.B

【解析】與上一題相似道理。only只有……、all所有……。

58.D

【解析】很明顯,A、B只是短文一某些內(nèi)容,C、D容易被混淆。從第3段第一句話發(fā)現(xiàn),本文是要提出“suggestionsandsafetyrules”,不但僅是safetyrules,因而排除C。Questions59to62arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Negotiation

Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessinnegotiationinaninternationalarenaashavetheirforeigncounterparts.

Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinorder