實驗室專業(yè)名詞翻譯

實驗室專業(yè)名詞翻譯中文名稱英文名稱分析名詞分析化學analyticalchemistry定性分析qualitativeanalysis定量分析quantitativeanalysis物理分析physicalanalysis物理化學分析physico-chemicalanalysis儀器分析法instrumentalanalysis流動注射分析法flowinjectionanalysis；FIA順序注射分析法sequenticalinjectionanalysis;SIA化學計量學chemometrics誤差的分析數(shù)據(jù)處理絕對誤差absoluteerror相對誤差relativeerror系統(tǒng)誤差systematicerror可定誤差determinateerror隨機誤差accidentalerror不可定誤差indeterminateerror準確度accuracy精確度precision偏差debiation，d平均偏差averagedebiation相對平均偏差relativeaveragedebiation標準偏差（標準差）standerddeviation;S相對平均偏差relatibestandarddeviation;RSD變異系數(shù)coefficientofvariation誤差傳遞propagationoferror有效數(shù)字significantfigure置信水平confidencelevel顯著性水平levelofsignificance合并標準偏差（組合標pooledstandarddebiation

準差）舍棄商rejectionquotient;Q滴定分析滴定分析法titrametricanalysis滴定titration容量分析法volumetricanalysis化學計量點stoichiometricpoint等當點equivalentpoint電荷平衡chargebalance電荷平衡式chargebalanceequation質(zhì)量平衡massbalance物料平衡materialbalance質(zhì)量平衡式massbalanceequation酸堿滴定法酸堿滴定法acid-basetitrations質(zhì)子自遞反應autoprotolysisreaction質(zhì)子自遞常數(shù)autoprotolysisconstant質(zhì)子條件式protonbalanceequation酸堿指示劑acid-baseindicator指示劑常數(shù)indicatorconstant變色范圍colourchangeinterval混合指示劑mixedindicator雙指示劑滴定法doubleindicatortitration非水滴定法非水滴定法nonaqueoustitrations質(zhì)子溶劑protonicsolvent酸性溶劑acidsolvent堿性溶劑basicsolvent兩性溶劑amphototericsolvent無質(zhì)子溶劑aproticsolvent均化效應differentiatingeffect區(qū)分性溶劑differentiatingsolvent離子化ionization離解dissociation

結(jié)晶紫crystalviolet萘酚苯甲醇a-naphthalphenolbenzylalcohol奎哪啶紅quinadinered百里酚藍thymolblue偶氮紫azoviolet漠酚藍bromophenolblue配位滴定法配位滴定法compleximetry乙二胺四乙酸ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid,EDTA螯合物chelatecompound金屬指示劑metallochromeindcator氧化還原滴定法氧化還原滴定法oxidation-reductiontitration碘量法iodimetry漠量法bromimetry漠量法brominemethod鈰量法cerimetry高錳酸鉀法potassiumpermanganatemethod條件電位conditionalpotential漠酸鉀法potassiumbromatemethod硫酸鈰法ceriumsulphatemethod偏高碘酸metaperiodicacid高碘酸鹽periodate亞硝酸鈉法sodiumnitritemethod重氮化反應diazotizationreaction重氮化滴定法diazotizationtitration亞硝基化反應nitrozationreaction亞硝基化滴定法nitrozationtitration外指示劑externalindicator外指示劑outsideindicator重銘酸鉀法potassiumdichromatemethod沉淀滴定法沉淀滴定法precipitationtitration容量滴定法volumetricprecipitationmethod

重量分析重量分析法gravimetricanalysis揮發(fā)法volatilizationmethod引濕水（濕存水）waterofhydroscopicity包埋（藏）水occludedwater吸入水waterofimbibition結(jié)晶水waterofcrystallization組成水waterofcomposition液-液萃取法liquid-liquidextration溶劑萃取法solventextration反萃取counterextraction分配系數(shù)partitioncoefficient分配比distributionratio離子對（離子締合物）ionpair沉淀形式precipitationforms稱量形式weighingforms儀器分析物理分析physicalanalysis物理化學分析physicochemicalanalysis儀器分析instrumentalanalysis電位法及永停滴定法電化學分析electrochemicalanalysis電解法electrolyticanalysismethod電重量法electtogravimetry庫侖法coulometry庫侖滴定法coulometrictitration電導法conductometry電導分析法conductometricanalysis電導滴定法conductometrictitration電位法potentiometry直接電位法dirextpotentiometry電位滴定法potentiometrictitration伏安法voltammetry銀量法〔argentometricmethod

極譜法polarography溶出法strippingmethod電流滴定法amperometrictitration化學雙電層chemicaldoublelayer相界電位phaseboundarypotential金屬電極電位electrodepotential化學電池chemicalcell液接界面liquidjunctionboundary原電池galvaniccell電解池electrolyticcell負極cathrode正極anode電池電動勢eletromotiveforce指示電極indicatorelectrode參比電極referenceelectroade標準氫電極standardhydrogenelectrode一級參比電極primaryreferenceelectrode飽和甘汞電極standardcalomelelectrode銀一氯化銀電極silversilver-chlorideelectrode液接界面liquidjunctionboundary不對稱電位asymmetrypotential表觀PH值apparentPH復合PH電極combinationPHelectrode離子選擇電極ionselectiveelectrode敏感器sensor晶體電極crystallineelectrodes均相膜電極homogeneousmembranceelectrodes非均相膜電極heterogeneousmembranceelectrodes非晶體電極non-crystallineelectrodes剛性基質(zhì)電極rigidmatrixelectrode流流體載動電極electrodewithamobilecarrier氣敏電極gassensingelectrodes酶電極enzymeelectrodes

離子選擇場效應管ISFET總離子強度調(diào)節(jié)緩沖劑totalionstrengthadjustmentbuffer,TISAB永停滴定法dead-stoptitration雙電流滴定法（雙安培滴定法）doubleamperometrictitration光譜分析普朗克常數(shù)Plankconstant電磁波譜electromagneticspectrum光譜spectrum光譜分析法spectroscopicanalysis原子發(fā)射光譜法atomicemissionspectroscopy質(zhì)量譜massspectrum質(zhì)譜法massspectroscopy,MS紫外一可見分光光度紫外一可見分光光度法ultravioletandvisiblespectrophotometry;UV-vis肩峰shoulderpeak末端吸收endabsorbtion生色團chromophore助色團auxochrome紅移redshift長移bathochromicshift短移hypsochromicshift藍（紫）移blueshift增色效應（濃色效應）hyperchromiceffect減色效應（淡色效應）hypochromiceffect強帶strongband弱帶weakband吸收帶absorptionband透光率transmitance,T吸光度absorbanceMOSFET金屬氧化物半導體場效應晶體管

譜帶寬度bandwidth雜散光straylight噪聲noise暗噪聲darknoise散粒噪聲signalshotnoise閃耀光柵blazedgrating全息光柵holographicgraaing光二極管陣列檢測器photodiodearraydetector偏最小二乘法partialleastsquaresmethod,PLS褶合光譜法convolutionspectrometry褶合變換convolutiontransform,CT離散小波變換wavelettransform,WT多尺度細化分析multiscaleanalysis供電子取代基electrondonatinggroup吸電子取代基electronwith-drawinggroup熒光分析H業(yè)火光fluorescence熒光分析法fluorometryX-射線熒光分析法X-rayfulorometry原子熒光分析法atomicfluorometry分子熒光分析法molecularfluorometry振動弛豫vibrationalrelexation內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)換internalconversion外轉(zhuǎn)換externalconversion體系間跨越intersystemcrossing激發(fā)光譜excitationspectrum熒光光譜fluorescencespectrum斯托克斯位移Stokesshift熒光壽命fluorescencelifetime熒光效率fluorescenceefficiency熒光量子產(chǎn)率fluorescencequantumyield熒光熄滅法fluorescencequemchingmethod散射光scatteringlight瑞利光Reyleithscantteringlight

拉曼光Ramanscatteringlight紅外分光光度法紅外線infraredray,IR中紅外吸收光譜mid-infraredabsorptionspectrum,Mid-IR遠紅外光譜Far-IR微波譜microwavespectrum,MV紅外吸收光譜法infraredspectroscopy紅外分光光度法infraredspectrophotometry振動形式modeofvibration伸縮振動stretchingvibration對稱伸縮振動symmetricalstretchingvibration不對稱伸縮振動asymmetricalstretchingvibration彎曲振動bendingvibration變形振動formationvibration面內(nèi)彎曲振動in-planebendingvibration,。剪式振動scissoringvibration,^面內(nèi)搖擺振動rockingvibration,p面外彎曲振動out-of-planebendingvibration,y面外搖擺振動waggingvibration,?蜷曲振動twistingvibration,t對稱變形振動symmetricaldeformationvibration,8s不對稱變形振動asymmetricaldeformationvibration,8as特征吸收峰charateristicavsorptionband特征頻率characteristicfrequency相關吸收峰correlationabsorptionband雜化影響hybridizationaffect環(huán)大小效應ringsizeeffect吸收峰的強度intensityofabsorptionband環(huán)折疊振動ringprckeringvibration原子吸收分光光度原子光譜法atomicspectroscopy原子吸收分光光度法atomicabsorptionspectrophotometry,AAS原子發(fā)射分光光度法atomicemmsionspectrophotometry,AES原子熒光分光光度法atomicfluorescencespectrophotometry,AFS

核磁共振波譜核磁共振nuclearmagneticresonance,NMR核磁共振波譜NMRspectrum核磁共振波譜法NMRspectroscopy掃場sweptfield掃頻seeptfrequency連續(xù)波核磁共振continuouswaveNMR,CWNMRFourier變換NMRPFT-NMR,FT-NMR一維核磁共振譜2D-NMR質(zhì)子核磁共振譜protonmagneticresonancespectrum,PMR氫譜1H-NMR碳一13核磁共振譜13C-NMRspectrum,13CNMR自旋角動量spinangularmomentum磁旋比magnetogyricratio磁量子數(shù)magneticquantumnumber,m進動precession弛豫歷程relaxationmechanism局部抗磁屏蔽localdiamagneticshielding屏蔽常數(shù)shieldingconstant化學位移chemicalshift國際純粹與應用化學協(xié)會IUPAC磁各向異性magneticanisotropy遠程屏蔽效應longrangeshieldingeffect結(jié)面nodalplane自旋一自旋偶合spin-spincoupling自旋一自旋分裂spin=spinsplitting單峰singlet,s雙峰doublet,d三重峰triplet,t四重峰quartet五重峰quintet六重峰sextet偕偶geminalcoupling

鄰偶vicinalcoupling遠程偶合longrangecoupling磁等價magneticeqivalence自旋系統(tǒng)spinsystem一級光譜firstorderspectrum二級光譜（二級圖譜）secondorderspectrumC-H光譜C-Hcorrelatedspectroscopy,C-HCOSY質(zhì)譜質(zhì)譜分析法massspectrometry質(zhì)譜massspectrum,MS棒圖bargraph選擇離子檢測selectedionmonitoring,SIM直接進樣directprobeinlet,DPI接口interface氣相色譜一質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用gaschromatography-massspectrometry,GC-MS高效液相色譜一質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用highperformanceliquidchromatography-massspectrometry,HPLC-MS電子轟擊離子源electronimpactsource,EI離子峰quasi-molecularions化學離子源chemicalionizationsource,CI場電離fieldionization,FI場解析fielddesorptiion,FD快速原子轟擊離子源faststombombardment,FAB質(zhì)量分析器massanalyzer磁質(zhì)譜儀magnetic-sectormassspectrometer四極桿質(zhì)譜儀（四極質(zhì)譜儀）quadrupolemassspectrometer原子質(zhì)量單位amu離子豐度ionabundance相對豐度（相對強度）relativeavundance基峰basepeak質(zhì)量范圍massrange分辨率resolution靈敏度sensitivity

信噪比S/N分子離子molecularion碎片離子fragmention同位素離子isotopicion亞穩(wěn)離子metastableion亞穩(wěn)峰metastablepeak母離子parenion子離子daughter含奇數(shù)個電子的離子oddelectron含偶數(shù)個電子的離子eveneletron,EE均裂homolyticcleavage異裂（非均裂）heterolyticcleavage半均裂hemi-homolysiscleavage重排rearragement分子量MWa一裂解a-cleavage色譜分析色譜法（層析法）chromatography固定相stationaryphase流動相mobilephase超臨界流體色譜法SFC高效毛細管電泳法highperformancecapillaryelectroporesis,HPEC氣相色譜法gaschromatography,GC液相色譜法liquidcromatography,LC超臨界流體色譜法supercriticalfluidchromatography,SFC氣-固色譜法GSC氣-液色譜法GLC液-固色譜法LSC液-液色譜法LLC柱色譜法columnchromatography填充柱packedcolumn毛細管柱capillarycolumn微填充柱icroborepackedcolumn高效液相色譜法highperformanceliquidchromatography,HPLC

平板色譜法planar平板色譜法planechromatography紙色譜法paperchromatography薄層色譜法thinlayerchromatography,TLC薄膜色譜法；thiinfilmchomatography毛細管電泳法capillaryelectrophoresis,CE分配色譜法partitionchromatography吸附色譜法adsorpionchromaography離子交換色譜法ionexchangechromatography,IEC空間排阻色譜法stericexclusionchromatography,SEC親和色譜法affinitychromatography分配系數(shù)distributioncofficient狹義分配系數(shù)partitioncoefficient凝膠色譜法gelchromatography凝膠滲透色譜法gelpermeationchromatography,GPC凝膠過濾色譜法gelfiltrationchromatography,GFC滲透系數(shù)permeationcoefficien;Kp化學鍵合相色譜法chemicallybonded-phasechromatography分配系數(shù)distributioncoefficient靛菁綠indocyanine氣相色譜一傅立葉變換紅外光譜GC-FTIR液相色譜薄層色譜法TLC吸附adsorption活化activation脫活性deactivation交聯(lián)度degreeofcrosslinking交換容量exchangecapacity薄層板thinlayerplate展開劑developingsolvent,developer臨界膠束濃度criticakmicolleconcentration,CMC相對比移值relativeRf,Rr分離度resolution,R

分離數(shù)separationnumber,SN煅石膏Gypsum羧甲基纖維素鈉CMC-Na吸收光譜聯(lián)用TLC-UV薄層色譜一熒光聯(lián)用TLC-F薄層色譜一紅外吸收光譜聯(lián)用TLC-IR薄層色譜法TLC-MS紙色譜法paperchromatography上行展開ascendingdevelopment下行法展開descendingdevelopment雙向展開twodimensionaldeveloooment氣相色譜氣相色譜法gaschromatography前延峰leadingpeak拖尾峰tailingpeak對稱因子symmetryfactor,fs保留時間retentiontime保留體積retentionvolume死時間deadtime調(diào)整保留時間asjustedretentiontime半峰寬peakwidthathalfheight,W1/2orY1/2峰寬peakwidth,W等溫線isotherm理論塔板高度heightequivalenttoatheoreticalplate化學鍵合相chemicallybondedphase丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯polydiethyleneglycolsuccinate,PDEGS,DEGS高分子多孔微球GDX苯乙烯STY乙基乙烯苯EST二乙烯苯DVB涂壁毛細管柱wallcoatedopentubularcolumn,WCOT載體涂層毛細管柱supprotcoatedopentubularcolumn,SCOT熱導檢測器thermalconductivitydetector,TCD

氫焰離子化檢測器hydrogenflameionizationdetector,FID電子捕獲檢測器electroncapturedetector,ECD噪聲noise,N漂移drift,d靈敏度sensitivity檢測限（敏感度）detectability,D,M分離度resolution歸一化法normalizationmethod外標法externalstandardization高效液相色譜高效液相色譜法highperformanceliquidchromatography,HPLC高速液相色譜法highspeedLC,HSLC高壓液相色譜法highpressureLC,HPLC高分辨液相色譜法h