2013-MBA英語二真題及答案詳解

2013MBA英語二真題及答案詳解SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.1atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen2fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoon"revolutionizethevery3ofmoneyitself,"onlyto4itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso5incoming?Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork6thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery7tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecornmunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe8formofpaymentSecond,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey9receipts,somethingthaimanyconsumersareunwillingto10.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof"float"-ittakesseveraldays11acheckiscashedandfundsare12fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcancaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime.13electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.

Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay14securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation15there.Thefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand17fromsomeoneelse'saccounts.The18ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelopingto19securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic20thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata.Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.1.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise2.[A]off[B]back[C]over[D]around3.[A]power[B]concept[C]history[D]role4.[A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D]reverse5.[A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]steady6.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]on7.[A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D]productive8.[A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D]dominant9.[A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D]print10.[A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]passdown11.[A]before[B]after[C]since[D]when12.[A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D]withdrawn13.[A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D]Though14.[A]hide[B]express[C]raise[D]ease15.[A]analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]displayed16.[A]unsafe[B]unnatural[C]uncommon[D]unclear17.[A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return18.[A]consideration[B]prevention[C]manipulation[D]justification19.[A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]callfor20.[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]trail[B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople[C]roadvanceeconomicglobalization[D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?[A]NewLawTakesEffect[B]TechnologyGoesCheap[C]AverageIsOver[D]RecessionIsBadText2Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.26“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.[C]stayinaforegintemporaily.[D]findpermanentjobsoverseas.27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUS____[A]needsnewimmigrantcategories.[B]hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.[C]shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.[D]hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.28Accordingtotheauthor,today’sbirdsofpassagewant___[A]fiancialincentives.[B]aglobalrecognition.[C]opportunitiestogetregularjobs.[D]thefreedomtostayandleave.29Theauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated__[A]asfaithfulpartners.[B]witheconomicfavors.[C]withregaltolerance.[D]asmightyrivals.30選出最適合文章的標題[A]comeandgo:bigmistake.[B]livingandthriving:greatrisk.[C]withorwithout:greatrisk.[D]legalorillegal:bigmistake.Text3Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses.Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuratelytellwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofpersonality,likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliaren’texclusivetotheinterpersonalrealm.PsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontoYetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiases-orhireoutsidescreeners.JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamucklongerevaluation;twodays,nottwoseconds.Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogecanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.31.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisionsmay____.[A]varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthesituation[B]provethecomplexityofourbrainreaction[C]dependontheimportanceoftheassessment[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment32.Ourreactiontoafast-foodlogoshowsthatsnaodecisions____.[A]canbeassociative[B]arenotunconscious[C]canbedangerous[D]arenotimpulsive33.Toreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,weshould____.[A]trustourfirstimpression[B]doaspeopleusuallydo[C]thinkbeforeweact[D]askforexpertadvice34.JohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebasedon____.[A]criticalassessment[B]‘‘thinsliced’’study[C]sensibleexplanation[D]adequateinformation35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardreversingthehigh-speedtrendis____.[A]tolerant[B]uncertain[C]optimistic[D]doubtfulText4Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporateboards.TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.DoweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?“Personally,Idon’tlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“Butilikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.IunderstandReding’sreluctance-andherfrustration.Idon’tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.Bur,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower--as,forexample,SherylSandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomen---whetherCEOsortheirchildren’scaregivers--andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.36.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally_____.[A]womentakethelead[B]menhavethefinalsay[C]corporategovernanceisoverwhelmed[D]seniormanagementisfamily-friendly37.TheEuropeanUnion’sintendedlegislationis________.[A]areflectionofgenderbalance[B]areluctantchoice[C]aresponsetoReding’scall[D]avoluntaryaction38.AccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen______.[A]gettopbusinesspositions[B]seethroughtheglassceiling[C]balanceworkandfamily[D]anticipatelegalresults39.Theauthor’sattitudetowardReding’sappealisoneof_________.[A]skepticism[B]objectiveness[C]indifference[D]approval40.Womenenteringtopmanagementbecomeheadlinesduetothelackof______.[A]moresocialjustice[B]massivemediaattention[C]suitablepublicpolicies[D]greater“softpressure”PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)[A]Livelikeapeasant[B]Balanceyourdiet[C]Shopkeepersareyourfriends[D]Remembertotreatyourself[E]Sticktowhatyouneed[F]Planningisevervthing[G]Wastenot,wantnotThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas?60aweektospend,?40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10yearsagohewasearning?130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondon'sbetftrestaurants'"atleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious."Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatI'dlost.Butit'sstilladay-by-daything."Nowhe'slivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.He'sfeelingpositive,buthe'llcarryonblogging-notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan-"therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood"-buteatingwellonabudget.Here'shisadviceforeconomicalfoodies.41._____________________Impulsivespendingisn'tanoption,soplanyourweek'smenuinadvance,makingshoppinglistsforyouringredientsintheirexactquantities.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:it'snotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.It'salsoagoodideatoshopdailyinsteadofweekly,because,being-human,you'llsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.42____________________________________________________________Thisiswheresupermarketsandthci;anonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,there'snotthesameembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrotinalittlegreengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,you'llknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350gofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon,notwhateverweightispre-packedinthesupermarketchiller.43_________Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezer-that'snotgoodenough.Mineisfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planningaheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyou'lldoavegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto"gooff'willbecookedorjuiced.44___________________________________Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugaleaters.Shopatbutchers,delisandfish-sellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soonyou'llfeelcomfortableaskingifthey'veanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthannot,Theyilletyouhaveforfree.45__________________Youwon'tbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfewmonthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant-?1.75aweekforthreemonthsgivesyou?21-morethan"enoughforathree-courselunchatMichelin-starredArbutus.It's?16.95there-or?12.99foralargepizzafromDomino's:IknowwhichI'drathereat.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek.I’vebeenabletodothissinceIwasfour.Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbsmymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayreatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateveryonedoes-trytoputittooneside.Idon’tthinkit’sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn’tmakemyemotionsanymoreactureorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehosptibalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalpalyHamopenedontheBroadwayonthesameday-theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.47Writingsupposeyourclassistoholdacharitysaleforkidsinneedofhelp.writeyourclassmatesanemailto1)informthemaboutthedetailsand2)encouragethemtoparticipate100wordsuseLiMing.Don'twriteyouraddress.48Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshould(1)interpretthechart,and(2)giveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteabout150words.1．【答案】A（However）【解析】空前作者講到“鑒于電子貨幣的優(yōu)勢,你也許會認為,我們將快速步入非現(xiàn)金社會,實現(xiàn)完全電子支付?！倍蘸笳f“真正的無現(xiàn)金社會很可能不會馬上到來”這兩句話語義是轉(zhuǎn)折的，因此答案A。B.moreover表遞進C.therefore表結(jié)果D.Otherwise表對比2．【答案】D（around）【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。事實上,這樣的預測已經(jīng)二十年了,但迄今還沒有實現(xiàn)。A.off停止B.back返回C.over結(jié)束，與后文均不構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，故答案選D.around出現(xiàn)。3．【答案】B（concept）【解析】空格所在的句子意思為例如,1975年《商業(yè)周刊》預測電子支付手段不久將“徹底改變貨幣本身的____”將四個選項帶入，能夠徹底改變的對象只能是金錢的概念（定義），而A“力量”,C“歷史”,D“角色”，語義都不恰當，并且如果選擇role的話，應該是復數(shù)roles,因為是金錢的作用不止一個，故答案選B。4．【答案】D（reverse）【解析】空格填入的動詞跟前面的動詞revolutionize（變革）意思上應該是同義替換的，要選擇含有變革，徹底改變意思的詞匯，四個選項中A.reward獎勵B.抵抗C.resume重新開始，繼續(xù)，都不合適，只有D選項reverse“顛覆”最為貼切，本句譯為“電子支付方式不久將改變貨幣的定義,并將在數(shù)年后顛覆貨幣本身?！?．【答案】C（slow）【解析】根據(jù)前面的句意得知，早在1975年就預測了無現(xiàn)金社會將到來，而實際上作者講到“真正的無現(xiàn)金社會很可能不會馬上到來”，因此也得出這種變革是一個緩慢的過程，故答案選擇C。A.silent沉寂的，B.sudden突然的，D.steady穩(wěn)定不變的。6．【答案】B（against）【解析】上一段末句提出本段的論點，即人們進入無現(xiàn)金時代的速度緩慢的原因。因此本段應圍繞紙幣系統(tǒng)不會消失來闡述。而且由句首的Although得知，空格所在句與前一句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。盡管電子支付手段可能比紙幣支付方式更加高效，然而以下幾個方面解釋了紙幣系統(tǒng)“不會”消失的原因，故答案選B，workagainst妨礙，對…產(chǎn)生消極影響。A.workfor為…而工作C.workwith與…共事，對…起作用D.workon從事…工作，對…起作用，都不合適。7．【答案】B（expensive）【解析】本句陳述的原因都是關(guān)于上句提到的傳統(tǒng)支付方式的優(yōu)點，即推廣電子支付方式不利之處。所以根據(jù)這個基調(diào)，得出選項productive不對，最后根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容推理出消極意思的選項expensive，其他選項意思放到空格處不合理，imaginative，意思是“虛構(gòu)的、富于想象力的”；sensitive，意思是“敏感的、容易受傷的”。故本題正確答案為B。8．【答案】D（dominant）【解析】空格所在句譯為...使得電子貨幣成為____支付方式，將四個選項帶入，C,D是比較恰當?shù)模俳Y(jié)合本文章的主旨，應該選擇“占主導地位的，支配地位”這層意思的D選項。A.similar相似的B.original原始的，獨創(chuàng)的,都不合適。9．【答案】B（provide）【解析】紙質(zhì)支票支付能夠____收據(jù),這是和電子支付相比的一大優(yōu)勢，A.collect收集收據(jù)，C.copy復印收據(jù)，D.print打印收據(jù)都和實際生活不符合。應該是B.provide提供收據(jù)。10．【答案】A（giveup）【解析】該動詞短語的賓語是前文的something,指代上文的advantage，紙質(zhì)支票支付能夠提供收據(jù)這一優(yōu)勢，肯定是消費者不愿放棄的。和優(yōu)勢相搭配的動詞短語不能是B.takeover接管，也不能是C.bringback拿回來，D.passdown傳遞、遺傳也不符合。A.giveup放棄一種優(yōu)勢，符合語境，為正確答案。11.【答案】A（before）【解析】這里考查的是時間連詞的應用。句子意思是“在支票兌換成現(xiàn)金之前要花上好幾天”，符合句意的只有before，其它三項都不符合。12.【答案】D（withdrawn）【解析】這里考查動詞辨義。原文句子意思是“資金是從發(fā)卡機構(gòu)的賬戶里提取的”，withdraw有“提款、取款”的意思，這里是指紙幣從銀行賬戶中“被取出”故為正確答案。13.【答案】C（Because）【解析】這里考查的是連詞的應用。從原文可以看出空后的兩個句子在意思上存在著因果關(guān)系，“因為電子支付是即付的，所以消除了客戶的付款”。四個選項中只有Cbecause可以表因果，其他三項均不能表因果。故答案為C。14.【答案】C（raise）【解析】這里考查的是動詞辨析以及上下文語義銜接。[A]hide“隱藏，隱瞞”，[B]express“表達，表示”，[C]raise“舉起，提高，引發(fā)”，[D]ease“減輕，緩和”，四個選項中能和concerns構(gòu)成搭配的只有raise，故正確答案為[C]。15．【答案】C.(stored)【解析】這句講了anunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation__________there.“一些黑客入侵電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫并且更改_____信息”根據(jù)空前信息可知是入侵電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫，所以information是被儲存在電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫中的信息。16．【答案】C.(uncommon)【解析】此題考查一致性?？崭袼诰洹癟hefactthatthisisnotan__16_occurrencemeansthat…”中this指代上文中that從句的內(nèi)容，即黑客能夠獲取電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫和更改儲存的信息。因此notan_16_occurrence應該能體現(xiàn)這一行為的特征，而上文提到“Weoftenhearmediareportsthat…”，其中的often正是對這一行為的特征解釋，即notan__occurrence等于often的含義，對比選項，只有C選項uncommon符合，帶入后意為“經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情”。17．【答案】A(steal)【解析】本題缺少謂語動詞，通過語法結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，主語是dishonestpersons，并通過后面的其他人的帳戶，可以推定為答案是負向的，只有Asteal符合題意，語義上也說得通，故為正確答案。18．【答案】B.(prevention)【解析】文章最后一段首句談論電子付費方式的又一個缺陷：會引起安全和隱私問題。接下來就開始解釋這個現(xiàn)象?？崭袼诰涮岬健皩@種欺詐的_18__絕非易事，而且一個新的電腦科學領域正在形成來_19__安全問題?！币虼耍揪湓谡務搶栴}的解決應對。18空格與19空格所填內(nèi)容語意上應該是一致的。瀏覽選項，18空只能選prevention，即防止這種欺詐行為發(fā)生并非易事，而C選項manipulation是“操縱”的意思，D選項justification意為“解釋，證明……合理”，均不合理。19．【答案】A.(copewith)【解析】此空格解釋同18空格，應選有“處理，解決”意思的選項，只有A選項copewith合適。B選項fightagainst意為“對抗，抵制”，而賓語是securityissues，因此不符合。20．【答案】D.(trail)【解析】此空所在句提出了使用電子付費方式的又一個擔心，即會留下__20_，空格后的定語從句解釋了空格內(nèi)容，即它包含大量個人數(shù)據(jù)。瀏覽選項，只有trail符合，意為“痕跡”。B碎片從語義上均說不通，C路徑有一定的干擾性，但相比較D而言，痕跡更為合適，故為正確答案SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText121．【答案】A【解析】第一段第二行指出笑話是關(guān)于紡織廠自動化程度的，后一句具體說明了笑話的內(nèi)容：工廠平均每天只有兩個人，一人一狗。人的工作是喂狗，狗的工作是看機器，暗示了工廠所有的生產(chǎn)工作都是由機器自動完成的。因此，這個笑話是用來說明技術(shù)進步的影響，故選A。22．【答案】D【解析】事實細節(jié)題，通過題干“根據(jù)第3段，要想成為一個成功的雇員，一個人得……”,我們首先可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段的最后一句話“Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.”意思是“因此，人人都需要有另外的價值，異于常人的獨特價值能夠讓他們在各自的雇傭市場上脫穎而出?！保覀兛梢缘贸?，題干中“tobeasuccessfulemployee”與第三段的最后一句話中的“thatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment”是同義替換，“everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontribution”與D選項中的“contributesomethingunique”是同義替換，所以D選項正確。A、B兩個選項與第三段的倒數(shù)第二句話意思不符，是干擾選項。C選項與第三段的第一、二句話意思相反，重點關(guān)注的是“But,today,averageisofficiallyover.”，意思是“現(xiàn)如今，擁有一般水平不行了。”23.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到第四段，第一句technologyhasbeeneatingjobs（技術(shù)使工作機會減少）也反映了該段的主旨。而根據(jù)題干quotation一詞，我們讀到引號里有“shedworkers（解雇工人）”、“roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared（大約1/3的手工生產(chǎn)工作機會消失，總計6百萬）”，可推斷出B選項。24.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干reduceunemployment減少失業(yè)，可以定位到文章中最后一段，這段出現(xiàn)了與之類似的表達“supportemployment”促進就業(yè)，而題干表述“themostimportant”與文章“nothingwouldbemoreimportantthan”相對應，指出促進就業(yè)最重要的是頒布類似于“G.I.Bill”的法案來保障人們接受高等教育的權(quán)利，選項C與之吻合，故正確。A項加速信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)變革，C項促進經(jīng)濟全球化，均未提及，故排除。D項是干擾項，雖提及要頒布更多法案，但頒布法案的目的實際是為了保障教育，故也排除。25.【答案】C【解析】該題是主旨大意題，主要考查考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容凝練主旨大意的能力。從整個文章的脈絡來看，第一段以亞當?大衛(wèi)森一篇論文中關(guān)于現(xiàn)代工廠自動化與僅需要一人一狗兩個員工的一則笑話，揭示了科技進步給人們帶來的影響。第二三段是科技的進步引起工廠自動化水平提高，普通員工如果沒有競爭力和突出優(yōu)勢，就很容易失去工作，因此也對員工提出了更高的要求（extra-uniquevaluecontribution）。第四段就是員工只有不斷地提高自己的教育水平，才能讓自己脫穎而出（tohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage）。最后一段點明主題，averageisofficiallyover。由此可見，全文一直在圍繞這一宏觀主線展開，這一主線也統(tǒng)領全文，所以正確答案為C。Text226．【答案】C（stayinaforeigntemporarily）【解析】詞義句意題。根據(jù)題干，首先定位到首段末句。在這句中，birdsofpassage是前面一句中的1/4的意大利移民的昵稱，他們只在美國居住了一段時間，但最終還是返回意大利。A項的內(nèi)容在首段首句有提及，但是它突出強調(diào)的是橫跨大西洋的移民，這也是一世紀前的情況，而如今birdsofpassage可能來自世界各個角落，并非局限于大西洋兩岸。B項與段意不符，D項文中未提及。27．【答案】C（shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges）【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，直接定位到第二段。解題關(guān)鍵可定位到“…,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,…Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.”大意是“我們需要改變的是關(guān)于分類的思考方式，突破合法和非法的嚴格限制。首先承認短暫移民者的存在，然后解決移民問題面臨的挑戰(zhàn)?！盋項高度總結(jié)了以上幾點。A項與原文意思不符。B、D項在文中未提及。28．【答案】D（thefreedomtostayandleave）【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，可定位到第三段。解題關(guān)鍵在于對“Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.”大意是“他們跟著機會走，來去自如。他們可以在一個地方立業(yè)，在另一個地方成家”。強調(diào)的是工作機會，而不在乎工作地點。D項是這句意思的高度概括。A項是對原文的片面理解，吸引短暫移民者的不僅僅是來自金錢的激勵（financialincentives），還有工作機會和工作理念。B項在文中未提及。C項中的regularjobs（一般工作）在文中未提及，也是對文意的曲解。29．【答案】C（withlegaltolerance）【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，可定位到第五段。題干問到“根據(jù)作者的意思，我們（美國）應該怎樣對待這些短暫移民者？”在本段中，作者寫道我們應該“Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem”，大意是“我們應該超越移民合法性方面的文化之爭，重現(xiàn)看待中間地段，充分意識到當今的移民管理體系需要各種途徑，從而取得多樣化的結(jié)果，來解決現(xiàn)今移民體系下用法律手段很難解決的問題”，暗含了C項中的tolerance也就是對multiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes的改寫。A、B和D項在文中未提及。30．【答案】D（legalorillegal:bigmistake）【解析】主旨大意題。文章第二段第二句中提到“我們把新移民分成兩類：合法移民和不合法移民”，同時作者認為“我們不需要局限于合法與不合法這樣嚴格的定義”，這說明了從合法和不合法角度對于移民的分類是錯誤的。另外，文章最后一段最后一句“包括在現(xiàn)行的移民體系中不容易合法的實現(xiàn)的一些事情”也反映了文章的中心。即，從合法和不合法角度對于移民的分類是錯誤的。故選D（合法或非法：大錯誤）。A項談到短暫移民者的移動是個錯誤，偏離了文章主旨。B和C項說的是risk（風險），文中并未提及，偏離文章主旨。Text331．【答案】[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment【解析】細節(jié)題。題干問的是“作決定過程中所需的時間可以_____”。文章第一段提到“如果我們在做出反應之前花點兒時間來思考，那么將會減少甚至消除我們快速反應所帶來的負面影響”，也就是說我們做決定所花的時間決定了我們判斷的準確性。文章第二段第二句話也隱含本題正確答案線索。第二句以But這一轉(zhuǎn)折連詞引導，應該重點關(guān)注其后表達的信息，“但是，我們需要更多的時間來評估其他要素。”而本段的第三、四句子，很明顯地揭示出本題正確答案，尤其是第三個句子中的“accurately”一詞。選項D中的表達“可預先決定判斷的準確性”，此外，此選項中的“accuracy”為“accurately”的同詞異形，故此項為正確答案。選項A表達“依形勢緊急性而定”錯在無中生有，本文并沒有出現(xiàn)類似信息；選項B“證明大腦反映的復雜性”，也是無中生有；選項C“取決于評估的重要性”，也與原文不符合，故排除。32．【答案】[A]canbeassociative【解析】細節(jié)題。題干問的是“我們對于快餐商標的反應速度表明決定是_____樣的”,由題干的“fast-foodlogo”我們可以定位到第三段。第二段說處理人際關(guān)系問題時人們會倉促決定，第三段開頭就說了，讓人做出倉促決定的刺激因素不僅限于人際關(guān)系范圍內(nèi)。緊接著一句說人們對快餐商標的反應速度比一般閱讀速度快。下一句闡述了原因：因為人們無意識地（unconsciously）將“快餐”與“速度”和“心急”聯(lián)系在一起，并將這些沖動付諸行動。A說決定是有聯(lián)系性的，正確，因為人們將“快餐”與“速度”，“心急”聯(lián)系在了一起。B說決定是無意識的，與原文意思相反，錯。C說決定是危險的，原文未提及，排除。D說決定是不沖動的，與原文意思相悖，故排除。33．【答案】[C]thinkbeforeweact【解析】細節(jié)題。先看題干說“為了逆轉(zhuǎn)倉促決定所帶來的影響，我們可以做_____”，根據(jù)題干定位到第四段。第四段通過兩個例子說明我們應該怎樣克服負面影響，第一個例子表示“如果我們會對消費產(chǎn)品或者房產(chǎn)選擇做出“過度反應”，我們可以在購買之前先思考一會兒”，由此可說明我們應該在行動之前先思考來消除負面影響，因此選擇答案C。其他選項：A項“相信我們的第一印象”；B項“按照人們通常所做的去做”；D項“征求專家意見”均不符合題意。34．【答案】[D]adequateinformation【解析】細節(jié)題。題干問的是“JohnGottman認為可靠的快速反映是基于_____的?！庇深}干JohnGottman定位到全文倒數(shù)第二段。其中第一句：JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly”thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegoundsuchsnapreactionsin”thicksliced”long-termstudy.婚姻專家約翰.古德曼解釋說，我們快速反應的信息的可靠性是建立在這樣的快速反應的行為是以長期的研究為基礎而做出的快速反應行為。其中g(shù)ound是題干中baseon的同意置換，long-termstudy長期的研究與D選項adequateinformation相互呼應。由此可判斷出[D]adequateinformation（足夠的信息）是本題正解。該段第二句話是WhenDr,Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamuchlongereveluation,twodays,nottwoseconds.當古德曼博士想去評估一對夫妻是否應該繼續(xù)在一起時，他會邀請他們到他的島上進行一個更為長期的調(diào)查，是兩天而不是兩秒。第二句是對第一句的舉例說明，更加驗證此選項。35．【答案】[C]optimistic【解析】態(tài)度題。根據(jù)35題題干reversingthehigh-speedtrend是全文的最后一句，所以解此題可先定位到全文的最后一段。最后一段最后兩句：Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.譯為：盡管技術(shù)可能改變我們反應的方式，但是它并沒有改變我們的本性。我們?nèi)匀挥心芰θタ朔T惑并扭轉(zhuǎn)這種高速度的趨勢。由此我們可以看出作者的態(tài)度是非常確定的，因此B選項uncertain（不確定）首先排除；Westillhavetheimaginativecapacity…表面作者對于我們的能力是有信心的。因此[C]optimistic（樂觀的）是正解。A選項tolerant(容忍的)、D選項doubtful(懷疑的)在原文中沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無中生有的選項。Text436．【答案】Bmenhavethefinalsay【解析】根據(jù)題干corporateworkplace定位到第一段。首句就說歐洲性別不平等，inparticular進一步指出corporateworkplace，說明工作中性別尤其不平等。緊接著說歐洲公司高管職位remai