初中英語中考語法：分詞做狀語

分詞作狀語現在分詞（doing）作狀語A動詞-ing形式在句子中做狀語，表示的動作是主語動作的一部分，與謂語動詞表示的動作或狀態(tài)是同時或者幾乎同時發(fā)生的。現在分詞作狀語的分類：.原因狀語（相當于原因狀語從句）BecauseIsawnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.看見沒有人在家，我決定再來一趟。=Seeingnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain..時間狀語（相當于when,while等引導的從句）Whenheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.當聽到這個好消息時，他高興地跳了起來。=Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy..伴隨狀語，與謂語所表示的動作同時發(fā)生。HesatatthetablereadingChinaDaily. 他坐在桌子旁看《中國日報》。.結果狀語，表示事情順其自然產生的結果。Themotherdied,leavingalotofmoneyforherchildren.母親去世了，給她的孩子留下了一大筆錢。.條件狀語（相當于if等引導的從句）Ifyouturnright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant往右轉彎，你就會找到你要找的地方了。I.根據提示，用分詞的形式完成句子。1.hertelephonenumber,Icouldn,tringherup.由于不知道她的電話號碼，我無法打電話給她。2.,wewillgothereonfoot.天氣好的話，我們將步行去那里。3.,ImetMary.上學時我遇見了瑪麗。4.Iturnoffthelight,.我把燈關了，所以什么也看不見。,youwillsucceed.努力工作，你就會成功。hisletter,Idecidedtowritetohim.沒收到他的來信，我決定給他寫信。Hestood,(lean)againstthewall.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,(make)itthemostpopularsong.答案：1.Notknowing2.Weatherpermitting3.Whilegoingtotheschool4.seeingnothing5.Workinghard6.Notreceiving7.leaning8.makingII.詞匯運用.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth，seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.caused B.havingcausedC.causing D.tocause.atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.A.enabling B.havingenabled C.toenable D.tohaveenabledTheladywalkedaroundtheshops,aneyeoutforbargains.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.tokeepLotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,suppliestoYushu,Qinghaiprovinceaftertheearthquake.A.sending B.tosend C.havingsent D.tohavesentHehadawonderfulchildhood,withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.A.travel B.totravel C.traveled D.travelingThenewsshockedthepublic,togreatconcernaboutstudents,safetyatschool.A.havingled B.led C.leading D.toleadHesentmeane-mail,togetfurtherinformation.A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hope答案：.CAACA6.DCB過去分詞（doing）作狀語過去分詞表示完成或被動，作狀語時，表示動作發(fā)生的背景或者情況，在意義上相當于一個狀語從句，其省略的主語（邏輯主語）是主句的主語，且與主語之間存在被動關系。過去分詞作狀語可以表示時間、條件、方式、原因、讓步等。過去分詞的否定式是將迎1放在其前面。一、過去分詞作狀語時的具體用法：1）過去分詞作時間狀語時，相當于一個時間狀語從句。有時過去分詞前可加連詞when或while來強調時間概念.例：1.Asked（Whenhewasasked）whathadhappened,hisfaceturnedred.當他被問及發(fā)生了什么的時候，他的臉紅了。Whenheated(Whenitisheated),waterchangesintosteam.當加熱時，水變成水蒸氣。Seenfromthemoon(Whenitisseenfromthemoon),theearthlooksgreen.從月亮上看時，地球是綠色。2)過去分詞作原因狀語時，相當于一個由as,since,because等詞引導的原因狀語從句。例：1.Deeply(Becausetheywere)movedbythemovie,thechildrenbegantocry.由于被電影深深地感動，孩子們哭了起來。Frightened(Becauseshewasfrightened)bythehorrormovie,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.因為被驚悚電影嚇壞了，這個女孩不敢單獨睡覺。Caughtinaheavyrain(Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain),hewasallwet.因為遇到了一場大雨，他全身都濕了。3)過去分詞作條件狀語時，通常放在句子的前面，相當于if,unless等引導的條件狀語從句。例：1.Comparedwithyou(Ifwearecomparedwithyou),westillhavealongwaytogo.和你們比起來，我們還有很長的一段路要走。2.Givenafewminutes(IfIamgivenafewminutes),I,llfinishit.再給幾分鐘的時間，我就會完成了4)過去分詞作讓步狀語時，相當于一個以though/although引導的讓步狀語從句，這類分詞或分詞短語一般放在句子前面。例：1.Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.雖然John被單獨留在房間里，他一點都不害怕。2.Invitedbyhim(ThoughIwasinvitedbythem),Iwon,ttakepartintheparty.即使被邀請，我也不會參加聚會的。5)過去分詞作狀語表方式或伴隨狀語時不用狀語從句替換，但可以改寫成并列句。例：1.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,(andshewas)followedbyherlittledaughter.她走出房子，后面跟著她小女兒。2.Shesatbythewindow,(andshewas)lostinthought.她坐在窗邊，陷入了沉思。二、過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別：過去分詞表完成、被動，與主句的主語之間是被動關系；現在分詞表進行、主動，與主句的主語之間是主動關系。試比較：Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.跟著那個老人，我們上了樓。=Wefollowedthe01dman,andwewentupstairs.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.我們上了樓，后面跟著那個老人。=Wewerefollowedbythe01dman,andwewentupstairs.Seenfromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.從上面看，體育場好像一個鳥巢。Seeingfromspace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.從太空看,宇航員看不到長城。【判斷正誤】.完成作業(yè)后，孩子們出去踢足球了。Finishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(x)Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.&)Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.由Afterfinishingtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(山.當他過馬路時，一輛車撞到了他。Crossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.(x)Crossedtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar.(x)Crossingtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar. (勺)Whenhewascrossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown. &)【單項選擇】.intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.Translating B.Translated C.Totranslate D.Havingtranslated.therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Giving B.HavinggivenC.Togive D.Given.animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.Tooffer.twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.Beingbitten B.Bitten C.Havingbitten D.Tobebitten.fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.A.Seen B.Seeing C.Havingseen D.Tosee.time,he,llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.Havinggiven B.Togiven C.Giving D.Given.Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogo