2023學(xué)年完整公開課版Basic Principle of Shield Tunneling

ENGLISHFORSHIELDCONSTRUCTIONUnitone——BasicPrincipleofShieldTunnelingDidyouhaveafullorhappysummerholiday?

Letmeintroducemyself

Areyoureadyforthisnewsemester(新學(xué)期)?Didyoumakeplansforit？

what??english!!specializedenglish

(專業(yè)英語(yǔ))

oh,mygod

calmdown（平靜下來(lái)）takeiteasy（放輕松）Letmethink:First,whydoineedtolearnenglish?Second,ifigetthisenglishskill,whatbenefititwilltakeforme?

最直接的幫助你們考AB級(jí)、四級(jí)看美劇不看字幕

出國(guó)旅游可以自由交流應(yīng)聘工作時(shí)的亮點(diǎn)（舉例說(shuō)自己的應(yīng)聘過(guò)程）可以做出國(guó)工作等等video1video2Let'swatchsomevideostothinkaboutwhyitisnecessarytolearnenglish.So,don'tbeafraidofenglish,it'sjustakindoftoolforcommunication.Ihopethateveryonecanopenyourmouthtospeakenglishfromnowon.

don'tbeshy,justtryandpractice.somedayyouwillfindhowcoolitis.Now,theimportanceisthathowwecancarryout(實(shí)施、執(zhí)行)thiscourse.重點(diǎn)是：我們?nèi)绾紊线@門課呢？Lesson1Task2Task1Task3VocabularyHaveSomeFunBasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling專業(yè)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)輕松一下盾構(gòu)法基本原理Seite13Task1：Vocabulary（專業(yè)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)）principlen.原則，原理shieldtunnelling盾構(gòu)施工conceptn.概念，觀念frequencyn.頻率，發(fā)生次數(shù)generallyn.通常，普遍地cylindricaladj.圓柱形的steeln/adj.鋼，鋼鐵axisn.軸，軸線excavatev.挖掘，發(fā)掘cavityn.洞，腔，穴liningn.襯砌，內(nèi)襯encounterv.遭遇，遇見compressedairn.壓縮空氣slurryn.泥漿，懸浮液thrustforce推力hydrauliccylinder液壓油缸precastadj.預(yù)制的constructionalelement結(jié)構(gòu)元件Seite14Task1：Vocabulary（專業(yè)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)）segmentn.管片numerousadj.很多的，多數(shù)的layoutn.布局，設(shè)計(jì)sealingn.密封installationn.安裝，組裝gapn.間隙，縫隙remainv.留下，余留minimizev.將….減到最少looseningn.松動(dòng)，松散settlementn.沉降assemblev.裝配，集合providev.提供，裝備concurrentlyadv.同時(shí)發(fā)生地arcn.弧，弓形concurringadj.同時(shí)發(fā)生的performv.完成，執(zhí)行SomePracticalEnglish！Task2：HaveSomeFun（輕松一下）SmallStory（英語(yǔ)小故事）Igotyourback！字面意思：我得到了你的背！所以，除非是非常親近，過(guò)命的交情，你才能得到一個(gè)殺手或刺客的背！So這句話意思就是“我支持你”“我挺你”“我罩著你”在古時(shí)候，刺客殺手很多，而對(duì)于這個(gè)職業(yè)而言，最忌諱的就是把背暴露給敵人！A:Itistoodark,Ican'tgoahead.

B:Don'tbeafraid,Igotyourback.Tongue

Twister（繞口令英文版）1.Newcheese,bluecheese,chewcheeseplease.新乳酪，藍(lán)乳酪，請(qǐng)品嘗乳酪。2.Iwishtowishthewishyouwishtowish,butifyouwishthewishthewitchwishes,Iwon'twishthewishyouwishtowish.我希望夢(mèng)想著你夢(mèng)想中的夢(mèng)想，但是如果你夢(mèng)想著女巫的夢(mèng)想，我就不想夢(mèng)想著你夢(mèng)想中的夢(mèng)想。Task3：BasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling（盾構(gòu)法序言）Thebasicprincipleofashieldisthatagenerallycylindricalsteelconstructionisdrivenalongthetunnelaxiswhilethegroundisexcavated.Thesteelconstructionsupportstheexcavatedcavityuntiltemporarysupportorthefinallininghasbeeninstalled.basicprinciple基本原理，基本原則generally

[‘d??nr?li]adv.大體上地，一般地，通常地cylindrical[s?‘l?ndr?kl]adj.圓柱形，圓筒形steelconstruction鋼結(jié)構(gòu)axisn.軸線，軸supportv.支護(hù)，支撐，支持cavityn.腔，洞，室temporaryadj.臨時(shí)的，暫時(shí)的liningn.襯砌installv.安裝，任命Task3：BasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling（盾構(gòu)法序言）Theshieldthereforehastoresistthepressureofthesurroundinggroundandholdbackanygroundwater.Whilethecavityalongthesidesofthetunnelissupportedbytheshieldskinitself,additionalsupportmeasureswillberequiredtosupporttheface,dependingonthegroundandgroundwaterconditionsencountered.Theseare:thereforeadv.因此，所以resistv.抵抗，忍耐surroundingadj.周圍的，附近的holdbackv.阻止，抑制，退縮groundwatern.地下水shieldskinn.盾殼additionaladj.附加的，額外的measuren.措施，測(cè)量requirev.要求，命令dependonn.取決于，依賴，依靠encounterv.遭遇，邂逅Task3：BasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling（盾構(gòu)法序言）––naturalsupport,––mechanicalsupport,––compressedairsupport,––slurrysupport,––pressedair壓縮空氣mechanicaladj.機(jī)械的，機(jī)械化的slurryn.泥漿，懸浮液balancen.平衡，余額，勻稱slopen.斜坡，邊坡cuttingwheel/cutterheadn.刀盤polingplates支撐板bulkheadn.土倉(cāng)隔板/壓力艙隔板airlockn.氣閘submergedwalln.隔水板airbubblen.氣泡Task3：BasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling（盾構(gòu)法序言）Theshieldispushedforwardinthedirectionofthetunnelaxiswiththeprogressofexcavationinordertosupporttheresultingcavity.Therequiredthrustforcesareproducedbyhydrauliccylinders,normallypushingagainstthealreadyinstalledlining.Thecavityproducedbyexcavationismostlysupportedwithprecastelementscalledsegments.Therearenumerousdifferentforms,materials,possiblelayouts,sealingsystemsandinstallationmethods.pushforward向前推進(jìn)directionn.方向inorderto

為了resultingadj.作為結(jié)果的，產(chǎn)生的thrustforcen.推力，反推力hydrauliccylindern.液壓油缸pushagainst推，推擠mostlyadv.主要的，多半的precastelement預(yù)制構(gòu)件segmentn.管片numerousadj.許多的，很多的materialn.材料，原料layoutn.布局，設(shè)計(jì)sealingsystem密封系統(tǒng)Task3：BasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling（盾構(gòu)法序言）Asthesupportisnormallyinstalledinsidetheprotectionoftheshieldskin,agapremainsastheshieldprogressesfurther.Thegaphastobefilledinordertominimizelooseningandsettlement.Thishastobesuitablybackfilledorgroutedandtheshieldmustbeprovidedwiththeappropriateequipment.

normallyadv.正常地，通常地gapn.間隙，缺口，差距，分歧remainv.留下，保持progressn.發(fā)展，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行furtheradv.進(jìn)一步地，更遠(yuǎn)地befilled被填充/填滿minimizev.使減到最小loosening松散的，松動(dòng)的settlement沉降，解決，處理suitablyadv.合適地，適當(dāng)?shù)豣ackfillv.回填groutv.注漿appropriateadj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，恰?dāng)?shù)膃quipmentn.設(shè)備，裝備Task3：BasicPrincipleofshieldtunneling（盾構(gòu)法序言）Liningofshieldtunnelconsistsofassembledsegments.Onepieceofsegmentisanarcinshape.Somepiecesofsegmentsareassembledasaring.Theexcavationisconcurrentlyperformedwithshieldadvanceandtheliningworkisperformedwhenshieldstops.Shieldtunnelisconstructedbythecycleworksoftheexcavationconcurringwithshieldadvanceandliningconstruction.consistof由……組成assemblev.裝配，集合arcn.弧ringn.戒指，圓環(huán)concurrentlyadv.同時(shí)發(fā)生地performv.執(zhí)行，完成advancev.前進(jìn)，推進(jìn)，進(jìn)展cycleworkn.循環(huán)作業(yè)，交替作業(yè)summarize(總結(jié))Theshieldisdrivenalongthetunnelaxiswhilethegroundisexcavated.

盾構(gòu)機(jī)邊開挖掌子面，邊沿著隧道軸線前進(jìn)。summarize(總結(jié))Theshieldskinsupportstheexcavatedcavity,therefore,ithastoresistthepressureofsurroundinggroundandholdbackanygroundwater.

盾殼支護(hù)開挖好的洞壁，因此，盾殼需抵抗周圍土體的壓力以及阻止地下水的入侵。Themeasuresofsupportingthetunnelfaceinclude:naturalsupport,mechanicalsupport,compressedairsupport,slurrysupport,andearthpressurebalancesupport.

支護(hù)隧道掌子面的措施包括：自然支護(hù)，機(jī)械支護(hù)，壓縮空氣支護(hù)，泥水支護(hù)，土壓平衡支護(hù)。summarize(總結(jié))Thethrustforcesareproducedbyhydrauliccylinders,normallypushingagainstthealreadyinstalledlining.通常，推進(jìn)油缸頂在已經(jīng)安裝好的襯砌上，以此提供推力。

summarize(總結(jié))

Whatistheliningofshieldtunnel?

summarize(總結(jié))

Liningofshieldtunnelconsistsof

assembled

segments.

summarize(總結(jié))Theexcavatedcavityissupportedwithprecastelementscalledsegments.

開挖好的洞壁是由叫做管片的預(yù)制元件支護(hù)的。

Thecavityissupportedwithsegments.洞壁是由管片支護(hù)的（管片支護(hù)洞壁）。summarize(總結(jié))簡(jiǎn)化Thesegmentsarenormallyinstalledinsidetheprotectionoftheshieldskin.

通常，管片是在盾殼的保護(hù)下安裝的。summarize(總結(jié))Shieldtunnelisconstructedbythecycleworksoftheexcavationconcurringwithshieldadvanceandliningconstruction.

盾構(gòu)隧道就是在開挖、前進(jìn)和拼裝襯砌的循環(huán)過(guò)程中建造出來(lái)的。summarize(總結(jié))技巧課1:如何閱讀英文文章斷句英文的文法像鏈子中文的文法似蛋糕So，遇到不懂的地方，用斷句的方式

理解長(zhǎng)句。assignment（作業(yè)）：Everyoneisrequriedtomakeaself-introduceinenglish,andiwillcheckitbyrandominthenextclass每一個(gè)同學(xué)用英語(yǔ)做一個(gè)自我介紹,下節(jié)課隨機(jī)抽查review(復(fù)習(xí)1)1.和好久不見的小伙伴很偶然的在高鐵站碰到了，如何打招呼呢？（情景對(duì)話）2.請(qǐng)大聲、準(zhǔn)確、快速的讀出：Newcheese,bluecheese,chewcheeseplease.3.請(qǐng)將下面的詞組成句子：

thepressureofthesurroundinggroundandresist

holdbacktheshieldskin(盾殼)groundwaterreview(復(fù)習(xí)1)

成句：Theshield