大學英語六級閱讀理解測試題及答案

大學英語六級閱讀理解測試題及答案Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.UniversityofYorkbiologistPeterMayhewrecentlyfoundthatglobalwarmingmightactuallyincreasethenumberofspeciesonthepla，contrarytoapreviousreportthathighertemperaturesmeantfewerlifeforms—areportmatwashisown.InMayhew'sinitialxxstudy，lowbiodiversityamongmarineinvertebrates（無脊椎動物）appearedtocoincidewithwarmertemperaturesonEarthoverthelast520millionyears.ButMayhewandhiscolleaguesdecidedtoreexaminetheirhypothesis，thistimeusingdatathatwere“afairersampleofthehistoryoflife.“砌thisnewcollectionofmaterial.theyfoundapletereversaloftherelationshipbetweenspeciesrichnessandtemperaturefromwhattheirpreviouspaperargued：thenumberofdifferentgroupspresentinthefossilrecordwashigher，ratherthanlower，durin9"greenhousephases.”Theirpreviousfindingsrestedonanassumptionthatfossilrecordscanbetakentorepresentbiodiversitychangesthroughouthistory.Thisn'tnecessarilythecase.becausetherearecertainperiodswithhigher.qualityfossilsamples.andsomethataremuchmoredifficulttosamplewell.Awareofthisbias.Mayhew'steamuseddatathatstandardizedthenumberoffossilsexaminedthroughouthistoryandaountedforothervariableslikesealevelchangesthatmightinfluencebiodiversityintheirnewstudytoseeiftheiroldresultswouldholdup.Twoyearslater，theresultsdidnot.Butthenwhydoesn'tlifeincreasinglyemergeonEarthasourtemperaturesgetwarmer?Whiletheswitchmaypromptsometoassertthatclimatechangeisnothazardoustolivingcreatures，Mayhewexplainedthatthetimescalesinhisteam'sstudyarehuge--over500millionyears--andthereforeinappropriatefortheshorterperiodsthatwemightlookatashumansconcernedaboutglobalwanning.Manyglobalwarmingconcernsarefocusedonthenextcentury.Hesaid andthelifetimeofaspeciesistypicallyoneto10millionyears.“Idoworrythatthesefindingsvillbeusedbytheclimateskepticmunitytosay'look.Climatewarmingisfine。hesaid.Nottomentionthenumerousotherthingsweseemtodotocreateastormofthreatstobiodiversity—thinkofwhathabitat（棲息地）destruction，overfishing，andpollutioncandoforaspecies’viability（生存力）.Thosethings，Mayhewexplained，givetheorganismsafargreaterchallengeincopingwithclimatechangethantheywouldhavehadintheabsenceofhumans.“Ifweweretorelaxallthesepressuresonbiodiversityandallowtheworldtorecoverovermillionsofyearsinawarmerclimate.thenmypredictionisitwouldbeanimprovementinbiodiversity,“hesaid.Soitlookslikeweneedtocurbourrecklesstreatmentoftheplafirst，ifwewanttoeventuallyseeasurgeinthenumberofspeciesontheplaastemperaturesgetwarmer.Wedon'thave500millionyearstowait.56.WhatisthefindingofPeterMayhew'srecentstudy?A.Highertemperaturecausesthelowbiodiversityofmarineinvertebrates.B.Fossilrecordcanrepresentarelativelybelievablehistoryoflife.C.Thenumberoffossilswashigherduringgreenhousephases.D.GlobalwarmingmightpromotetherichnessofspeciesonEarth.57.WhatdowelearnaboutMayhew'spreviousreport?A.Itwasbasedonhiscolleagueshypothesisaboutglobalwarming.B.Itwascontrarytowhathisteamfoundintherecentstudy.C.Itwasapletereversalfromhisxxstudyaboutmarineinvertebrates.D.Itfoundevidencefortheconnectionsbetweenbiodiversityandtemperature.58.WhydoesMayhew'steamusedatathatstandardizedthenumberoffossils?A.Theyrealizenotallfossilscansamplewelltorepresentbiodiversitychanges.B.Theystarttoconsiderthevariablesthatmightinfluencebiodiversity.C.Theywanttocheckthepreviousfindingswithdifferentresearchmethods.D.Theybelievesealevelchangescanleadtoinauratefossilrecords.59.Becauseofthehugetimescalesinhisstudy，Mayhewbelieved.A.globalwarmingisnothazardoust01ivingcreaturesinashorttimeB.hisstudyisnotsuitabletosupportshort-termglobalwarmingC.globalwarmingconcernsshouldbefocusedoninthenextcenturyD.thelifetimeofaspeciescanbeextendedt010millionyears60.By“wedon'thave500millionyearstowait”(Line4，Para.6)，theauthorsuggeststhat.A.wehavenoenoughtimetoallowtheearthtorecoverfromdamagesB.wehavenoenoughtimetowitnesstheevolutionofaspeciesC.it?surgentforhumanstotakestepstopreventglobalwarmingD.it'snecessaryforhumanstostopmaltreatmentofthepla56.D）。此題考查彼得?梅休的最新研究成果。定位句指出，他發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變暖可能使得地球上物種的數(shù)量增加，故答案為D）。57.B）。此題考查對梅休之前研究報告結(jié)論的理解。定位句指出，在新收集的材料中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了與他們之前的論文所辯稱的一種物種豐富性與溫度間完全相反的關系，故答案為B）。58.A）。此題考查梅休團隊利用標準化化石的原因。定位句指出，因為某些特定的時段有一些更高質(zhì)量的化石樣本，其中一些更難取出好的樣本?；谶@一點，梅休團隊在他們的新實驗中利用標準化個數(shù)并被歷史所檢測的化石數(shù)據(jù)，故此題答案為A）。59.B）。此題考查梅休對于研究時間跨度太長的態(tài)度。定位句指出，梅休解釋他們團隊的研究時標很長，有5億多年，所以用于解釋人們關注的較短時間內(nèi)的全球變暖是不適宜的，故答案為B）。60.D）。JustbackfromatourofseveralArabianGulflcountries,awomanrecallshowjumpyshefelttalkingtomenthere.“Notbecauseofwhattheysaid,“sheexplains,“butwhattheydidwiththeireyes."Insteadoftheoasionalblink,Arabsloweredtheirlidssoslowlyandlanguorouslythatshewasconvincedtheywerefallingasleep.InJapaneyecontactisakeytothewayyoufeelaboutsomeone.Andthelessofit,thebetter.WhataWesternerconsidersanhonestlookintheeye,theOrientaltakesasalackofrespectandapersonalaffront.Evenwhenshakinghandsorbowing—andespeciallywhenconversing6—onlyanoasionalglanceintotheotherperson'sfaceisconsideredpolite.Therestofthetime,greatattentionshouldbepaidtofingertips,desktops,andthewarpandwoofofthecarpet."AlwayskeepyourshoesshinedinTokyo,"advisesanelectronicsrepresentativewhohasspentseveraldaysthere."YoucanbetalotofJapaneseyoumeetwillhavetheireyesonthem."I.Doyouunderstandthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesrelatingtoeyeandcouldyouexplaintheminyourownwords?Hiseyesarebiggerthanhisstomach.He'sgotablackeye.Maryspentthewholeeveningmakingeyesatothermen.ThetriptoAustraliawasquiteaneye-opener.MywifeandIdon'tseeeyetoeyeonthismatter.Sheisalwaystheappleofherfather'seye.II.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thediscoveryofthemurderweaponprovidedthekeythemystery.Pleasekeepaneyethebabyforme.Canyoulookmetheeyeandsayyoudidn'tstealit?Foramomentherwordsdidn'tsink.1.Heistoogreedyinaskingforor