高中英語倒裝講解

倒裝句倒裝是一種語法手段，用以表示確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)的須要和強調(diào)某一句子成分的須要，分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝。A．Here

comes

the

car.（全部倒裝）

正常語序：Thecarcomeshere.Away

went

the

boy.

正常語序：Theboywentaway.全部倒裝：將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。

B.

Never

have

I

seen

this

kind

of

car.

(部分倒裝)

正常語序：Ihaveneverseenthiskindofcar.部分倒裝：be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞提前到主語的前面。

一.

完全倒裝

（全部倒裝）1.

以here,

there,

now,

then等副詞或

out,

in,

up,

down,

away等表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首以示強調(diào)，句子要全部倒裝，謂語動詞常用come,go,

be,

lie,run,rush等。eq\o\ac(○,1)There

goes

the

bell.

鈴響了

eq\o\ac(○,2)Here

comes

the

bus.

公共汽車來了eq\o\ac(○,3)Away

went

the

boy.

那個男孩走開了。

eq\o\ac(○,4)Out

rushed

the

children.

小孩子沖了出來。eq\o\ac(○,5)Upwentthearrowintotheair.2.

表示地點的介詞短語位于句首時

eq\o\ac(○,1)Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.eq\o\ac(○,2)Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.eq\o\ac(○,3)AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.留意：在上述句子中，假如主語是人稱代詞，則主、謂不須要倒裝。如：eq\o\ac(○,1)Inhecameandbackhewentagain.eq\o\ac(○,2)Awayhewent.二、部分倒裝（不完全倒裝）構(gòu)成：把be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞提到主語的前面。be動詞：am,is,are,was,were助動詞：do,does,did;構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)的has,have,had情態(tài)動詞：can,could,would,will,may,might,should,shall等1.only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句放在句首時，句子要部分倒裝eq\o\ac(○,1)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.（only+副詞）eq\o\ac(○,2)OnlyafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.（only+介詞短語）eq\o\ac(○,3)Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.（only+狀語從句）eq\o\ac(○,4)Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.（only+介詞短語）注：only修飾主語時，不用倒裝。如：OnlysocialismcansaveChina.2.含有否定或半否定意義的詞或短語放在句首時，要部分倒裝。常用的詞或短語有：not,little,hardly,never,atnotime,bynomeans,undernocondition,nowhere,seldom,few,rarely,scarcely（幾乎不）,nolonger,neither,nor等如：eq\o\ac(○,1)SeldomdoIgotothecinema.eq\o\ac(○,2)NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.eq\o\ac(○,3)Nowherewasthekeytobefound.eq\o\ac(○,4)BynomeanswillIgiveup.eq\o\ac(○,5)Sheisnotfondofcooking,noramI.3.在so...that…和such…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中當(dāng)so或such置于句首時，主句用部分倒裝如：ItissuchaninterestingbookthatIwanttoreaditagain.SuchaninterestingbookisitthatIwanttoreaditagain.SointerestingisthebookthatIwanttoreaditagain.4.在notonly…butalso;nosooner…than…;hardly…when…等固定句式中，當(dāng)notonly、nosooner和hardly位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。如：eq\o\ac(○,1)NotonlydoIknowher,butalsoI’mherfriend.eq\o\ac(○,2)NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.=HardlyhadIarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.eq\o\ac(○,3)HardlyhadIreachedtheairportwhentheplanetookoff.5.as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”時，句子用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞/形容詞/副詞/動詞/分詞+as(though)+主語+其他如：eq\o\ac(○,1)Childas(though)heis,hehastomakealiving.（名詞+as/though+主語+其他）eq\o\ac(○,2)Boyashewas,hewaschosenking.（名詞+as/though+主語+其他）eq\o\ac(○,3)Tryas(though)hemight,Carolinacouldn’tgetthedooropen.（動詞+as/though+主語+其他）eq\o\ac(○,4)Changeyourmindas(though)youwill,youwillgainnoadditionalsupport.（動詞+as/though+主語+其他）eq\o\ac(○,5)Youngas(though)heis,hecanspeakmanyforeignlanguages.（形容詞+as/though+主語+其他）eq\o\ac(○,6)Angryas(though)hewas,hemanagedtospeakcalmly.（形容詞+as/though+主語+其他）eq\o\ac(○,7)Muchas(though)Iadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.（副詞+as/though+主語+其他）留意：as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，必需用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，可以用倒裝也可以不用，不用倒裝時與although的用法相同。6.if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件從句中含有had,were,should等詞，假如將if省略，則將had,were,should移到主語之前。如：eq\o\ac(○,1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.WereIyou,Iwouldworkhard.eq\o\ac(○,2)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.eq\o\ac(○,3)IfIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwouldhaveseenthefilmyesterday.HadIfinishedmyhomework,Iwouldhaveseenthefilmyesterday.7.so/neither/nor+be(助動詞或情態(tài)動詞)+主語，表示兩人的狀況一樣。如：eq\o\ac(○,1)HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.eq\o\ac(○,2)Tomcan’tanswerthequesti