北京市房山區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中英語試題

第1頁/共1頁2023北京房山高二(下)期中英語第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegotmadwhenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough,his___1___tookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathyinstead.ForRobbie,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowas___2___hisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthinking:WhatifthelackofbikeswasCovid-19related,andwhatifthepersonwho’dtakenhisbikereallyneeded___3___togettowork?Withthatthoughtinmind,Robbiecameupwithaplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite.He___4___tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes,whichhewouldrepair—againforfree.Andthenhewoulddonatethemtofolkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn’thavethe___5___tobuyone.Thedaythepostwentlive,Robbiereceivedthirtyusedbicycles.Thencamemorethan500enquiriesfordetailedinformation.Bytheendof2020,Robbiehadrepairedmorethan140fordonationortobe___6___totheirowners.Robbietriestogivehisdonationstofamiliesthataretruly___7___.Uponsimplysatisfyingamaterialneed,hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.Inadditiontopracticalskills,Robbie’slessonsteachteamwork,encourageself-worth,andpromotefeelingsofcommunity.___8___,thekidshavegainedasenseofaccomplishment.“It’sareallygreatexperienceforkids,”saidaneighborinaninterviewwiththelocalnewspaper.“Robbieiscertainlyprovidinga___9___,butit’snotjustthebikes.It’stherelationshipsinthecommunity.It’sthe____10____thathecanmakeonpeople.”1.A.emotions B.career C.opinions D.route2.A.ride B.lock C.repair D.replace3.A.instruction B.qualification C.transportation D.permission4.A.offered B.refused C.hesitated D.remembered5.A.profit B.budget C.courage D.excuse6.A.exported B.sold C.lent D.returned7.A.demanding B.struggling C.fighting D.requesting8.A.Otherwise B.However C.Somehow D.Meanwhile9.A.service B.competition C.ceremony D.suggestion10.A.compromise B.impression C.impact D.progress第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ilastedtwodays.Thedetoxwas___11___(difficult)totoleratethanIhadexpected.IfeltlikeIhadlostanarm!Noteatingfortwodayswouldhavebeeneasier!Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeenoccupiedwith___12___(check)myphone.NowI___13___(try)tospendlesstimeonlineandmoretimepickingupmyhobbies.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Whatiscultureshock?WhenhefirstvisitedtheUS,MrLiwasconfusedonabus.Heofferedhisseattoanelderlyman,butthemanseemed___14___(annoy)andrefusedtotaketheseat.LaterMr.Li’sAmericanfriendsexplainedtohimthatintheUSitisnotadvisable,andevenoffensive,toofferyourseattoelderlypeople.ThisisverydifferentfromChina,wherepeople___15___(encourage)todoso.Fromtheexamplewecanseethatcultureshockisthefeelingofconfusionandanxietywhenyouencounter___16___(situation)wheretheculturalnorms(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))inyourculturenolongerapply.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheQinmingFestival,originatingfromtheHanshiDay,isanopportunityforpeople___17___(remember)andhonortheirancestorsattombs.Anditbecameafestivalin732.Thenobservance(紀(jì)念)ofQingmingfoundafirmplace___18___Chinesecultureandcontinuedforover2500years.TheQingmingFestivalisatime___19___thesunshinesbrightly,treesandgrassbecomegreenandnatureisagainlively.Sinceancienttimes,people___20___(follow)thecustomofSpringOutings.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABeingstranded(困住)inthewildernessisaterrifyingprospectforanyone,soforthosewhowanttobeprepared,thensurvivaltrainingcoursescouldbeagreatidea.Youcanlearnhowtosurviveinsomeofthemostextremeandunstableconditions.HerearesomeofthebestsurvivaltrainingcoursesyoucanfindacrosstheUSA.●BearGryllsSurvival—Availableinmanydifferentcountriesisthiswell-knownTVpersonality’scourseonsurvival.Thisinvolvesafive-dayadventure,withtwodaysofintensesurvivaltrainingfromBear.Youwillthenbedroppedontoanislandfor30hourstoputtheskillsyoujustlearnedtothetest.●BOSS28-DayFieldSurvival—Openingbackin1968,thisisthemostrenownedsurvivalschoolintheworld.Participantsspend28daysoutintheUtahwildernesswithlimitedsuppliesandequipment.Therearealsoshorterversionsofthecoursefor7to14dayperiodsaswellascoursesforkidsaswell.●AncientPathways—Themilitaryusesthissurvivalschoolfortheirdesertsurvivaltraining,soyouknowit’stherealdeal.There’salotofdifferentclassesonoffer,frombushcrafttoextremewildernesssurvival.Youcangoonthesecoursesfrom4to14dayperiods,andthere’sevenaknifeonlysurvivalcoursetoo.Thentheyhaveamoreintensivecourseavailableafterwardsthattakessurvivaltoawholenewlevelwithnofoodandwater.●MountainScoutSurvivalSchool—Foratrainingcoursethatisquicker(andcheaperaswell),theMountainScoutSchooloffersupone-daytrainingexperiencesjustoutsideofNewYork.Thesearegreatclassesforkidswhowanttolearnmoreabouturbansurvival.Therearealsocoursesontracking,trapping,firebuildingandothernecessarysurvivalskillsthatcouldendupsavingyourlife.21.WhatcanyoudoinAncientPathways?A.Takeacoursetojointhearmy.B.ExperiencethewildernessofUtah.C.Learnhowtosurviveonlywithaknife.D.Examinewhatyou’velearnedonanisland.22.Whatcoursesaresuitablefora12-year-oldboywhohasasenseofadventure?ABearGryllsSurvival&AncientPathways.B.BearGryllsSurvival&BOSS28-DayFieldSurvival.C.AncientPathways&MountainScoutSurvivalSchool.D.BOSS28-DayFieldSurvival&MountainScoutSurvivalSchool.23.Thispassageisintendedfor___.A.militaryenthusiasts B.outdoorenthusiastsC.survivalexperts D.educationexpertsBDearYear6atSnowdonValeCountySecondarySchool,Doyourememberweagreedtocirculateourideasforourschoolprojectthisyear?Well,hereisoursuggestionandwehopeyouwilljoinustodevelopit.Theideacametousintheautumnof2004whenourheadteachermadeanannouncementofanewstudentcomingfromacircus.Immediatelytherewaswhispering,“Thosearedirtypeople!”;“Theyeatrawmeat!”;“Theywearrags!”...Theteacherstoppedthetalkingseriously.Thenextmorningafterbeingintroducedtotheclass,Jakesatintheonlyspareseatnexttome.Hewassmallerthanmeandhaddirtyfingernails.Hisshirtwascleanbuthadbeenrepairedonmanyplaces.Asheseemedtohavenohandkerchiefandwassniffingloudly,Ipassedhimoneofmine.Immediatelytheboysbehindmebegantowhisper,“He’llgiveyoutheplaguewhenhereturnsit!”Jakemusthaveheardtheremarkstoo.Heseemedtobehavinggreatdifficultywithhismathematicstask.SoIleanedoverandexplainedtheproblemstohim.Ashelistened,hismouthsplitintoadazzlingsmile.Hiseyeslitupasifalighthadbeenturnedonandhereturnedtotheexerciseswithenthusiasm.Hefinishedthemquicklyandproudlypresentedthemtotheteacher.“Welldone,Jake,”sheapproved.“Nowyoucangoandworkonournewdatabase.”Jakebeamedandwassoonbusysortingoutinformationandaddingmoreofhisown.IthoughtabouthowJake’slifewouldbe.Irememberedseeingthecampsiteandthinkinghowpoorthefacilitieswere:onlyonetapforwater,noparticularplacetoputrubbishandasmalldirtywashingandtoiletarea.Iwonderedthatiftheywereimproved,thenperhapspeoplewouldnolongerberudetohim.Idecidedtohelp.Thisyear,weinourschoolplantoimprovethecampsite.Hopeyouwilljoinus.Bestwishes.FredSamsMeadowsideCountySecondarySchool24.WhydidtheotherstudentshaveunfriendlyremarksonJake?A.BecauseJakewasseeneatingrawmeat.B.BecauseJakelivedonacircuscampsite.C.BecauseJakewasnotgoodatmathematics.D.BecauseJakewasstruckbyaterribleplague.25.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Jake’sclothingwasexactlywhattheotherstudentsexpected.B.FredSamsstoppedhelpingJakewhenotherboysheldhimback.C.Jakebrokeintoasmilebecausehefoundconfidenceinmathematics.D.Jakedidn’treplytothenegativeremarksbecausehedidn’thearthem.26.WhatcanbestdescribeJakeaccordingtothepassage?A.Friendlyandpolite.B.Impoliteandcold.C.Dullandreserved.D.Smartandenthusiastic.27.WhatisFred’spurposeinwritingthisletter?A.TonarratethestoryabouthisfriendshipwithJake.B.Tocallforotherstudents’helpwithaschoolproject.C.Tocriticisethediscriminationagainstcertainstudents.D.Todrawattentiontothepoorfacilitiesofthecampsite.CSearchengineshavechangedthewayweusetheInternet,puttingvastsourcesofinformationjustafewclicksaway.ButHarvardprofessorofpsychologyLineDanielWegner’srecentresearchprovesthatwebsitesandtheInternetarechangingthewayourmemoriesfunction.Hislateststudyshowsthatwhenpeoplehaveaccesstosearchengines,theyrememberfewerfactsandlessinformationbecausetheyknowtheycanrelyon“search”asareadilyavailableshortcut.WegnerbelievesthenewfindingsshowthattheInternethasbecomepartofatransactivememory(交互記憶)source,amethodbywhichourbrainsdivideinformation.Transactivememoryexistsinmanyforms,aswhenahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday.Youdon’thavetoremembereverythingintheworldyourself.Youjusthavetorememberwhoknowsit.Nowcomputersandtechnologyarebecomingvirtualextensionsofourmemory.Wegnerconductedseveralexperimentstodemonstratethephenomenon,usingvariousformsofmemoryrecalltotestrelianceoncomputers.Inoneexperiment,participantsdemonstratedthattheyweremorelikelytothinkofcomputertermslike“Yahoo”or“Google”afterbeingaskedasetofdifficulttriviaquestions.Inanotherexperiment,participantstypedsomestatementsintoacomputerandtheyweretoldthestatementswouldbesavedinspecificfolders.Next,theywereaskedtorecallthestatements.Finally,theyweregivencuestothewordingandaskedtonamethefolderswherethestatementswerestored.Theparticipantsprovedbetterabletorecallthefolderlocationsthanthestatementsthemselves.Wegneradmitsthatquestionsremainaboutwhetherdependenceoncomputerswillaffectmemoriesnegatively:“Nobodyknowsnowwhattheeffectsofthesetoolsareonlogicalthinking.”Studentswhohavetroublerememberingdistinctfacts,forexample,maystruggletoemploythosefactsincriticalthinking.Buthebelievesthatthesituationoverallisbeneficial,comparingdependenceoncomputerstodependenceonamechanicalhand(機(jī)械手).Andeventhoughwemaynotbeusingourmemoriestorecalldistinctfacts,wearestillusingthemtoconsiderwherethefactsarelocatedandhowtoaccessthem.“Westillhavetorememberthings,”Wegnerexplains.“We’rejustrememberingadifferentrangeofthings.”28.Whydoesthewritermention“ahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday”inParagraph2?A.Toshowthatpeoplewhoarecloselyrelatedtendtohavesharedmemories.B.Todemonstratehowpeopleinitiallydevelopedexternalsourcesofmemory.C.Toemphasizetheeffectivenessandaccuracyoftransactivememorysources.D.Toillustratetheconceptofatransactivememorysourceusingafamiliarsituation.29.Whatdopeopletendtodointheexperimentwhenaskedtoprovideunfamiliarfacts?A.Thinkofspecificinformationsources.B.Recallthemfromtheirdeepmemories.C.Typeintocomputerandrememberthem.D.Linktheunfamiliarfactstotheirexperiences.30Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?ARelianceoncomputersdoesnotnecessarilyreducehumanmemory.B.Computershavehelpedpeopletounderstandthememorysystembetter.C.Computerdependenceaffectsourthinkingcapacitiesinotherdistinctfields.D.Researchesshouldbedonetorevealthesideeffectofcomputerdependence.DThereisaphotoinmycollectionthatIpulloutfromtimetotimetoremindmyselfofanoldvacation.It’sapictureofmefromthelate1970sonabenchinLondon’sVictoriaStation,myheadrestingagainstawall,eyesclosedwithtiredness,clothesmessedup.Iusedtolovethatshot.Itwasevidenceofmyleisuretime,oftravel,ofinterruptionfromtheoffice:milescovered,sightsseen,trainstationsracedthrough,goalsachieved.HoweverasIleaveworktohitthevacationtrailthissummer,Itakealongsomethingextra.Thistravelingcompanionhasahabitofruiningtripswithfeelingsofguilt—theguiltthatcomesfromattemptingtovacationwhilethinkingofthejob.Theconflictbetweenthetimewewantoffandtheguiltwefeelwhenweactuallygiveintoleisureisalong-runningbattlethathasgonetoofar,drivenbyanover-schedulingcraze.Ithasmademanyfeelasiftheirfreemomentsareaformoftruancy(玩忽職守).It’shardtotakeiteasywhenyou’vebeenprogrammednotto.Wehavebeentaughtforgenerationsthatworkistheonlygoal.Timethatisunfilledisevil,weareledtobelieve,andunplannedenjoymentshouldbeavoided.Thisisreinforcedtodaybyaworkplaceculturethatwantsyoutobelievethatadvancementdependsonyourstayingonthejob.Researchnowshows,however,thatleisuretimecandosomethingjobadvancementandmoneycan’t.Leisureactivitiesincreaseyourdesiretoworkleadershipskills,yoursenseofawarenessandyourabilitytochange.Freetimealsopromotesapositivemoodandsenseofwell-being,becauseitdevelopsself-worth.Deepdown,everyoneknowsweneedtimeofftomakeourlivesbetter.Onholiday,usingyourproductiveoutputasameasureofyourselfdoesn’twork.Thisisbecauseavacationisn’taboutoutput;it’saboutinput—exploring,learning,reflecting.Themagicofaholidayisintheexperienceitself.Thisisthesameaslifesatisfaction;itcan’tbemeasured,onlyfelt.Thebestpartofavacationisn’tgoingsomewhereelse;it’sbeingwhereyouare,fullyinvolvedintheexperience.31.Theauthormentionsthephotoatthebeginningbecause____.A.itshowshowexhaustingleisuretravelcanbeB.itbringsbackgoodmemoriesofaleisurelytourC.itshowsthewriteronceconsideredleisuretravelasagoalinitselfD.itprovesinterruptionsfromtheofficedonotspoiltheenjoymentoftravel32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thistravelingcompanion”inParagraph3referto?A.Enjoyingleisuretime.B.Thinkingofone’sgoals.C.Interruptionsfromtheoffice.D.Thefeelingofguiltfornotworking.33.Whatisoneofthemainbenefitsofleisuretimeaccordingtothearticle?A.Itimprovesyourproductivity.B.Itisgoodforpersonaldevelopment.C.Itleadsdirectlytojobadvancement.D.Ithelpsyouseeyourgoalsinlifemoreclearly.34.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldwedowhileonvacation?AAvoidmuchunplannedenjoyment.B.Ignorejobadvancementandmoney.C.Judgethevacationbyproductiveoutput.D.Enjoytheexperienceofbeingonvacation.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoDoaProperSocialMediaDetoxDespitetheinvolvementofdopamine(多巴胺),socialmediaaddictionisapsychologicaladdiction.Youneedtostoprewardingyourcurrentdopaminetriggerssothatyourbraincanreturntonormal.___35___Plus,you’remorelikelytocontinuouslygobackintoaddictionwithlittlehits.Herearethesimplestepstoatruesocialmediadetox:●Deactivateyouraccounts.___36___Anditwillalsosignaltoyourfriendsthatyou’reonadetox.ItiseasytofindouthowtodeactivateFacebook,Instagram,andLinkedIn.●Uninstallallsocialmediaapps.Thiswilleliminateallofthosenotificationsandalertsthatplaysuchacrucialroleinsocialmediaaddiction.Andyouwon’tbeaslikelytopoponeofthoseappsopeninmomentsofboredomorstillness.●Blockallsocialmediasites.Thisisforyourcomputers,laptops,andtablets.Useoneofthesewebfilteringtoolstorestrictaccesstosocialmediasites.___37___IalsohaveOpenDNSonmyrouter,whichblockssitesforalldevicesconnectedtoit.●___38___It’snotenoughtoremovesocialmediafromyourday.Youneedtofillthatemptyspacewithsomethingelse.Otherwise,you’rejustgoingtoclawyourwayback.Irecommendlearningnewskills,whethercreativehobbies,geekyDIYhobbies,orevenhobbyprogramming.●Stickwiththedetoxlongenough.Whilestudiesarestilllimitedonthis,mostexpertsagreethatittakesapproximatelythreemonths(or100days)fordopaminelevelstoreturntonormal.Itmaytakelongerdependingonhowlongandhowintenselyyou’vebeenaddicted.___39___Onelastwordofadvice:Don’tpanic.Adetoxdoesn’thavetobepermanent—itjusthastobelongenoughtorewireyourbrainandbreakyououtoftheendlessdopaminecycle.Youcanalwayscomebacklater.A.Takeamomentandsearchyourheart.B.MypreferredtoolisK9WebProtection.C.Replacesocialmediawithanotheractivity.D.Thiswillserveasafenceagainstyoursuddenwishtocheckin.E.Youcan’tdoadetoxifyou’refeedingyourappetitehereandthere.F.Sodon’tbesurprisedifittakesupwardsofsixmonthsorevenayear.G.Likemostaddictions,ittakesholdofyoulongbeforeyourealizeitevenexists.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，滿分32分)第一節(jié):(共4小題;第40、41題各2分,:第42題3分,:第43題5分,:共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Computers,smartphones,andaudioplayersareanessentialpartofstudents’everydaylives.Thatmeansthatwheneverstudentsaredoinghomework,theyaregoingtobefacedwiththeproblemofusingtheirdevicesforpurposesotherthanlearning.Insteadofconcentratingononetask,theyareperformingmultipletasks.AccordingtotheresearchbyLarryRosen,publishedinthejournalComputersinHumanScience,studentsspendupto45%oftheirhomeworktimeonvarioustasksunrelatedtotheirstudies.Studentsoftengetdistractedbytheirphonesorusetheirlaptopsforunauthorized(未經(jīng)許可的)activities.Often,studentsthinkthattheyareabletomultitaskeffectively,withoutsacrificingtheirstudies.However,theresearchshowsthatitistrueinonly5%ofallcases.Butwhydoteenagersmultitask?Theanswerissimple:multitaskingmakesusfeelgood.Astheresearchindicates,theentertainmentgainedfromsecondaryactivitiesduringstudiesmakeslearnersfeelbetteremotionally.WatchingTVortalkingtoyourfriendsbyemailisp