貴州省遵義市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)測試期末英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁遵義市2022~2023學(xué)年上學(xué)期高一年級期末開學(xué)測試卷英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whendoestheman’splanetakeoff?A.At7:00.B.At5:30.C.At5:00.2.Whoistheman?A.Thegirl’sclassmate.B.Thegirl’steacher.C.Thegirl’sfather.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Bored.B.Disappointed.C.Excited.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whoseturntodotheshopping.B.Wheretobuysomebread.C.Whatfoodtobuyforthisweek.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacar.B.Atabirthdayparty.C.Inashop.2e第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheoilpaintingbelowtheSwissMountains?A.Boring.B.Beautiful.C.Expensive.7.WhichpicturewaspaintedbyGeorge?A.SummerFlowers.B.SwissMountains.C.LovelyWindows.聽第7段材料，回答第8.9題。8.ForwhatwillSamgotoRussia?AHismother’swishes.B.Sightseeing.C.Business.9.WhydoesthewomanrefuseSam’sinvitation?A.Sheisunsuitableforsuchatrip.B.Sheisn’tpreparedforhertrip.C.Shepreferstotravelwithhersister.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthegirlwanttogohomeatonce?A.Sheistired.B.Sheisfrightened.C.Shemissesherparents,11.Whatistheshadowactually?A.Acat.B.Adog.C.Treebranches.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Brotherandsister.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whosefavoriteisclassicalmusic?A.Ellen’s.B.Peter’s.C.Shirley’s.14.HowdothespeakersfeelaboutHarrysfavorite?A.Discouraged.B.Normal.C.Surprised.15.WhatdoesEllenwanttobe?A.Aviolinist.B.Apianist.C.Aguitarist.16.WhatisShirley’sfavoriteinstrument?A.Theviolin.B.Theerhu.C.Thedrums.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdidthetravelergettotherestaurant?A.Byhorse.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.18.Whydidpeoplegooutoftherestaurant?A.Toseetheheavyrain.B.Tosatisfytheircuriosity.C.Tohelpthepoorwaiter,19.Whydidthetravelerwanttogetclosetothefire?A.Tochatwithpeople.B.Toheatuphisfish.C.Todryhisclothes.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Thetravelerwasveryclever.B.Thetravelerlikedfishbest.C.Thetravelerwaslaughedatbyothers.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIlikereadingmagazines,whereI’velearnedsomanyusefultipsaboutliving.I’dliketosharewithyouaboutmyfavoritemagazinesonfitness.TimeOutItisawell-knownmagazineandit’sfreeinmycity.IgotacopyofthemagazinewhenIwasinLondon,andIdiscoverednewrestaurants,galleries,museumsandevents.ThismagazinehasvariousinformationaboutLondon.Forexample,itgivesyoutheeventsthatarehap-peningnearyou.Itgivesyoutipsfortherailwaystationsandotherbusandtaxichoices.Women’sHealthWomen’sHealthhasauniquecontent,Youcanfindvariousinterestinginformationabouthealthylivingorexercisesyoucandoathome.Ialsolovethewritersbecausetheyexplaineverytopicindetailtohelpyoubetterunderstandthebiologicalarticles.LaCucinaItalianaIfyoulovecookingItalianfood,thismagazineisforyou!Ithaslotsofrecipesandalsopeople’scommentsonrestaurants.Youcanalsofindpopularrestaurantsnearyouinthismagazine.I’vealsoreadarticleswrittenbyfamouscooksfrommycity.HealthyFoodGuideItotallyrecommendittoeveryonebecauseithaslotsofusefulinformationaboutbeinghealthyduringyourdailylife.Inthismagazine,youcanfindarticlesaboutfoodyouofteneat.Ifyou’researchingfornewdiets,thismagazinegivesyouall’theinformation.ThisismyInternetposttoday.Ifyouwanttolearnmorehealthyliving,youcanfollowmyposts.1.Whichofthefollowingcoverstransportationinformation?A.TimeOut. B.Women’sHealth.C.LaCucinaItaliana. D.HealthyFoodGuide.2.WhydoestheauthorrecommendHealthyFoodGuide?AToguidereaderstocookmeals.B.Toremindreadersoftheimportanceofexercise.C.Tohelpreaderskeephealthyineverydaylife.D.Totellreadersaboutthecommentsonrestaurants.3.Wherecanweprobablyfindthetext?A.Inatextbook. B.Onawebsite.C.Inatravelbrochure. D.Onanadvertisingposter.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者最喜愛的四個健身雜志。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TimeOut部分中“Itgivesyoutipsfortherailwaystationsandotherbusandtaxichoices.(它會給你關(guān)于火車站和其他公共汽車和出租車選擇的提示。)”可知，TimeOut這個雜志包含交通信息。故選A項(xiàng)。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章HealthyFoodGuide部分中“Itotallyrecommendittoeveryonebecauseithaslotsofusefulinformationaboutbeinghealthyduringyourdailylife.(我完全推薦給每個人，因?yàn)樗泻芏嚓P(guān)于在日常生活中保持健康的有用信息。)”可知，作者推薦《健康食物指南》幫助讀者在日常生活中保持健康。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了作者最喜愛的四個健身雜志。再分析四個選擇項(xiàng)可知，本文很可能來自一個網(wǎng)站。故選B項(xiàng)。B71yearsafterstartingcollege,a90-year-oldwoman,JoyceViolaDeFauw,wasgraduatingthisyear.Shefirstenteredcollegein1951,studyingearlyeducation,andlater,homeeconomics.Sheleftschoolafterthreeandahalfyearsduetomarriage.Themomofnine,whoisnowalsoagrandmotherto17andgreat-grandmotherto26,wasbusythroughtheyearsbutneverforgotaboutcollege.“ImusthavetoldthechildrenthatIwishIhadfinishedbackinthe1950s,”DeFauwrecalled.“TheysuggestedthatIgobackandIthought‘Well,OK.’”Sincethepandemicbeganin2019,insteadofwalkingtocampustoattendclasses,shedidsobehindacomputerscreenfromherretirementhome.“IneededacomputerandtheygotoneformeandsoI’vebeenabletouseitandenjoyit.”DeFauwre-enteredNorthernIllinoisUniversity(NIU)inAugust2019andbegantotakeonlinecoursestowardabachelor’sdegree(學(xué)士學(xué)位)ingeneralstudies.Althoughthereweretimeswhenshestruggledwiththecoursesandeventhoughtaboutgivingup,DeFauwkeptdoingschoolworkalmosteveryday.“WegettoexchangeideasandthingsthroughthecomputerandI’vehadwonderfulinstructorsthatguidedme,”DeFauwsaid.“Asfarastheencouragementofeveryone—myfriends,myfamilyandmyteachers—Ijustcan’tgiveup.”Threeyearslater,sheputonthecapandgownandreceivedaBachelorofGeneralStudiesdegreefromtheuniversity.DeFauwfeltveryhappyandthankfulforbeingabletoachieveherbigmilestone.NIUPresidentDr.LisaFreemanpraisedDeFauwasan“inspiration”toothers.“DeFauwisapioneerandnowaNorthernIllinoisUniversitygraduate,”Freemansaid.“Shehasbeautifullyshownthatearningadegreeisneverlateatanyage.Foranyonestilllookingtorealizeyourdreams,justgoforit.There’ssomuchthatlifeoffers,andyouwillmissoutonifyoudon’ttakeadvantageofit.”4.HowmanymajorshasDeFauwstudiedatcollege?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four,5.WhatdoweknowaboutDeFauwinparagraph2?A.Shewastooweaktogobacktostudyatcollege.B.Shewasalittleregretfulforrestartinghercollege.C.Shewasforcedtocontinuecollegebyherfamily.D.Shewassupportedbyherfamilytocontinuestudying.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeJoyceViolaDeFauw?A.Caringandpatient. B.Determinedandhard-working.C.Selflessandindependent. D.Friendlyandeasy-going.7.WhatdidLisaFreemanwanttoexpressbyDeFauw’sstory?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Greatmindsthinkalike.C.Thereisnoendtolearning. D.Experienceisthebestteacher.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了闊別學(xué)校71年的JoyceViolaDeFauw返校繼續(xù)完成她沒有完成的學(xué)業(yè)，并且在她90歲高齡時獲得了學(xué)士學(xué)位?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Shefirstenteredcollegein1951,studyingearlyeducation,andlater,homeeconomics.(1951年，她首次進(jìn)入大學(xué)，學(xué)習(xí)早期教育，后來又學(xué)習(xí)家政)”和第三段第一句“DeFauwre-enteredNorthernIllinoisUniversity(NIU)inAugust2019andbegantotakeonlinecoursestowardabachelor’sdegree(學(xué)士學(xué)位)ingeneralstudies.(DeFauw于2019年8月重新進(jìn)入北伊利諾伊大學(xué)(NIU)，并開始學(xué)習(xí)普通研究學(xué)士學(xué)位的在線課程)”可知，她共讀了三門專業(yè)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“‘ImusthavetoldthechildrenthatIwishIhadfinishedbackinthe1950s,’DeFauwrecalled.(“我一定告訴孩子們，我希望我能在20世紀(jì)50年代就完成，”DeFauw回憶道)”和最后一句“IneededacomputerandtheygotoneformeandsoI’vebeenabletouseitandenjoyit.(我需要一臺電腦，他們給了我一臺，所以我可以使用它，享受它)”可知，她的家人建議她重新回去學(xué)習(xí)，并且?guī)退徺I了電腦上網(wǎng)課。由此可知，她得到了家人的支持。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Althoughthereweretimeswhenshestruggledwiththecoursesandeventhoughtaboutgivingup,DeFauwkeptdoingschoolworkalmosteveryday.(雖然有時候課程很難，但JoyceViolaDeFauw不放棄，她幾乎每天都堅持做學(xué)校作業(yè))”可知，她意志堅定并且勤奮努力。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中LisaFreeman的話“Shehasbeautifullyshownthatearningadegreeisneverlateatanyage.Foranyonestilllookingtorealizeyourdreams,justgoforit.There’ssomuchthatlifeoffers,andyouwillmissoutonifyoudon’ttakeadvantageofit.(她完美地證明了在任何年齡獲得學(xué)位都不會晚。對于那些還想實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想的人來說，盡管去做吧。生活給予你的東西太多了，如果你不好好利用，你就會錯過很多)”可知，她想表達(dá)的意思是學(xué)習(xí)是沒有止境的。故選C。CBigBasinRedwoodsStateParkisrecoveringafteranaturaldisaster—firesheavilydamagedCalifornia’soldestprotectednaturalarea.Lightningstormscausedmorethan650firesinNorthernCalifornia.Butduringaguidedvisitrecently,lifewashopefullyreappearingonblackenedredwoodtrees.Smallflowersstoodoutontheburnedland.Thebigparkusedtohaveabout1millionvisitorsayear.Butoneyearago,manypartsoftheparkburnedfor24hours.Morethan100structuresweresabotaged,includingthemainpartofthehistoricpark,shelters,picnictablesandmore.Manybridgesweregone,too.Insomeplaces,rootsarestillsmoking,leavingdangerousundergroundareas.Repairexpertshavebeentryingtoidentifymaterialsandwastethatneedtoberemoved.Inmanyways,theparkdoesnotlookmuchdifferentthanitdidsoonafterfires.Mostoftheancientredwoodshavesurvived.Astonishingly,thetreesareabout2,000yearsoldandamongthetallestlivingthingsonEarth.Thenext8to10monthswillbespentcleaningupthepark.Itwillbeuptoayearbeforethepubliccansafelyusethepathsbeyondasmallcoastalarea.Environmentalistshaveurgedquickactionbecausestateofficialsarecurrentlyprovidingfundsforwildfirerecoveryeffortsandnewbuildingprojects.Thischangeprovidesararechancetogetmoremoneyforpubliclands.BarthisthedirectorofSempervirensFund.Thatgroupstartedaneffortin1900topro-tect15.5squarekilometersofredwoodforestthatisnowinthecenterofBigBasin.“WhenBigBasinwassetup,itwasasignofhopeforthestatepark’ssystem,”shesaid.Barthadded,“Inthisfireandrebirth,youhaveanopportunityagain.”Redwoodsarenaturallyfire-resistant(防火的).Inold-growthforests,mosttreeshaveburnmarksdatingbackhundredsofyears.8.Whatdoestheauthorfeelabouttherecoveryofthepark?A.Hopeful. B.Anxious. C.Curious. D.Doubtful.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sabotaged”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Rebuilt. B.Copied. C.Protected. D.Destroyed.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheredwoods?A.Theyareamazinglytall. B.Theyhaveashorthistory.C.Fewofthemhavesurvived. D.Mostofthemhavenoburnmarks.11.WhatdidBarththinkofbuildingBigBasin?A.Itwasforfunds. B.Itwaseffortless.C.Itwaspraiseworthy. D.Itwasagainstnature.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了大盆地紅杉國家森林在一場自然災(zāi)害后正在恢復(fù)，幸運(yùn)的是，大多數(shù)古老的紅杉都幸存了下來?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Butduringaguidedvisitrecently,lifewasreappearingonblackenedredwoodtrees.Smallflowersstoodoutontheburnedland.(但在最近一次有導(dǎo)游陪同的參觀中，生命在發(fā)黑的紅色木材樹上重新出現(xiàn)。小花在燒焦的土地上格外顯眼)”可推斷，作者對于紅杉公園的恢復(fù)充滿希望。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Butoneyearago,manypartsoftheparkburnedfor24hours.(但是一年前，公園的許多地方燃燒了24小時)”可知，該公園多處地方遭遇了火災(zāi)；再根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句“Manybridgesweregone,too.(許多橋也被毀了)”可知，劃線單詞sabotaged有“遭到破壞”的意思，與destroyed同義。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Astonishingly,thetreesareabout2,000yearsoldandamongthetallestlivingthingsonEarth.(令人驚訝的是，這些樹大約有2000年的歷史，是地球上最高的生物之一)”可知，紅杉非常高。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的““WhenBigBasinwassetup,itwasasignofhopeforthestatepark’ssystem,"shesaid.Barthadded,“Inthisfireandrebirth,youhaveanopportunityagain.”(她說：“當(dāng)BigBasin建立時，它是國家公園系統(tǒng)希望的標(biāo)志?！盉arth補(bǔ)充道：“在這場大火和重生中，你又有了一次機(jī)會?！?”可知，Barth認(rèn)為建立BigBasin是國家公園系統(tǒng)的希望，因此，他認(rèn)為這是值得表揚(yáng)的。故選C。DAcompanysaysitsteamhascreatedanewpowerfulsupercomputerthatisexpectedtobetheworld’sfastestwhencompletedlaterthisyear.Recently,thecompanyhasannouncedthecomputerwillbeusedtocreatebetterartificialintelligence(AI)modelsandimproveoperationsthatprocesshugeamountsofdata.Supercomputersaremadeupofhundredsorthousandsofpowerfulmachines.Theyworktogethertoperformdifficultoperationsthatarenotpossiblewithnormalcomputingsystems.Thecompany’ssupercomputeriscurrentlyoperating.ThecompanycallsittheAIResearchSuperCluster,orRSCinastatement.ItsaysRSCwillhelpthecompany’sAIresearchersbuildbetterAImodelsthatcanlearnfromplentyofexamples.Thecompanydoesnotprovideinformationonwherethecomputeriskeptorhowmuchmoneyisbeingspenttobuildit.AnAIsystemcanbetrainedtorecognizedifferentkindsofcontentsandperformactionsexamininghugeamountsofdata.Suchsystemsrequireverypowerfulcomputers.Thecompanysaysitssupercomputerwillbeabletoprocesswritteninformation,imagesandvideosthatareinhundredsofdifferentlanguages.Itspeciallymentionsthecomputingsystemcanprocessimagesandvideoupto20timesfasterthancurrentsystems.Thecompanyisexpectedtousethesystemforitsservices.ThecompanybelievesRSCiscurrentlyoneoftheworld’sfivefastestsupercomputersItsaysRSCwillbecomethefastestwhenfullyoperating.Inaddition,thecompanyhopesRSCwillhelpinthedevelopmentofcompletelynewAlsystems.Oneexampleisaplannedtoolthatwillpermitreal-timevoicetranslationstolargegroupsofpeopleinteractinginbusinessorsocialsituations.Suchanoperationfitswiththecompany’sstatedgoalofdevelopingtechnologiestobeusedinafuture“metaverse”whichisatermusedtodescribeanon-physicalworldinwhichpeopleinteractthroughdifferentkindsofdigitaltechnologies.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesupercomputer?A.Itmaymakecooperationimpossible.B.Itmayperformwellinoperatingdata.C.Ithasreplacednormalcomputingsysters.D.Ithasbecometheworld’sfastestcomputer.13.Whichofthefollowingisclearaboutthesupercomputer?A.Whereitiskept. B.Howmuchitcosts.C.Whatitisusedtodo. D.Whenitwillbeputintouse.14.Whatdoesthecompanystressaboutthesupercomputerinparagraph4?A.Itsvideoquality. B.Itssinglelanguage.C.Itsdevelopmentalprocess. D.Itsoperatingspeed.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewSupercomputerIsontheWayBASupercomputerBringsBusinessBenefitsC.ASupercomputerControlsaNonphysicalWorldD.APowerfulSupercomputerPermitsVoiceTranslations【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的強(qiáng)大的超級計算機(jī)即將問世，將成為世界上最快的超級計算機(jī)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Recently,thecompanyhasannouncedthecomputerwillbeusedtocreatebetterartificialintelligence(AI)modelsandimproveoperationsthatprocesshugeamountsofdata.(最近，該公司宣布，這款計算機(jī)將被用于創(chuàng)建更好的人工智能（AI）模型，并改善處理大量數(shù)據(jù)的操作。)”和第三段“AnAIsystemcanbetrainedtorecognizedifferentkindsofcontentsandperformactionsexamininghugeamountsofdata.Suchsystemsrequireverypowerfulcomputers.(人工智能系統(tǒng)可以通過訓(xùn)練來識別不同類型的內(nèi)容，并對大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行檢查。這樣的系統(tǒng)需要非常強(qiáng)大的計算機(jī)。)”可知，超級計算機(jī)在運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)上可能表現(xiàn)良好。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Acompanysaysitsteamhascreatedanewpowerfulsupercomputerthatisexpectedtobetheworld'sfastestwhencompletedlaterthisyear.(一家公司表示，其團(tuán)隊已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了一種新的強(qiáng)大的超級計算機(jī)，預(yù)計今年晚些時候完成時將成為世界上最快的超級計算機(jī)。)”、第三段“Thecompanydoesnotprovideinformationonwherethecomputeriskeptorhowmuchmoneyisbeingspenttobuildit.(該公司沒有提供電腦存放在哪里的信息，也沒有提供建造它花了多少錢的信息。)”和第四段“Thecompanysaysitssupercomputerwillbeabletoprocesswritteninformation,imagesandvideosthatareinhundredsofdifferentlanguages.(該公司表示，其超級計算機(jī)將能夠處理數(shù)百種不同語言的書面信息、圖像和視頻。)”可知，關(guān)于超級計算機(jī)，它被用來做什么是最明確的。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Itspeciallymentionsthecomputingsystemcanprocessimagesandvideoupto20timesfasterthancurrentsystems.Thecompanyisexpectedtousethesystemforitsservices.ThecompanybelievesRSCiscurrentlyoneoftheworld’sfivefastestsupercomputersItsaysRSCwillbecomethefastestwhenfullyoperating.(該公司特別提到，該計算系統(tǒng)處理圖像和視頻的速度比現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)快20倍。預(yù)計該公司將在其服務(wù)中使用該系統(tǒng)。該公司認(rèn)為，RSC目前是世界上最快的5臺超級計算機(jī)之一。該公司表示，RSC全面運(yùn)行后將成為最快的超級計算機(jī)。)”可知，該公司對超級計算機(jī)強(qiáng)調(diào)了其運(yùn)行速度。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Acompanysaysitsteamhascreatedanewpowerfulsupercomputerthatisexpectedtobetheworld'sfastestwhencompletedlaterthisyear.(一家公司表示，其團(tuán)隊已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了一種新的強(qiáng)大的超級計算機(jī)，預(yù)計今年晚些時候完成時將成為世界上最快的超級計算機(jī)。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了一種新的強(qiáng)大的超級計算機(jī)即將問世，將成為世界上最快的超級計算機(jī)。所以“ANewSupercomputerIsontheWay(一臺新的超級計算機(jī)即將問世)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoAppearOutgoinginaConversation?Somepeopleseemnaturallyoutgoingwhenchattingwithothers,whileothersfindithardtomakeit.Herearesometipstohelpyouappearoutgoinginaconversation.Makeeyecontact.Ifyou’reinasocialsituation,suchasataparty,trytomakeeyecon-tactwiththeotherpeoplethere.Onceyou’veestablishedeyecontact,givetheotherpersonafriendlysmile.____16____Ifthepersondoesnotrespondordoesnotexpecttobeapproached,letthemgotheirway.Partofbeingoutgoingisknowingwhenandwheretoapproachothersandwhentokeeptoyourself.Asksomeopen-endedquestions.____17____It’seasiertostartupachatwithsomeonenewifyouinvitethemtoshareaboutthemselves.Ifyou’vealreadyexchangedeyecontactandsmileswithsomeone,andyou’recloseby,startoffwithaquestion.Herearesomeideas:Howdoyoulikethatbookormagazine?Whatisyourfavoritethingtodoaroundhere?____18____Youmightseesomeofthesamepeopleeveryday,butneveracknowledge(致意)them.Tobecomeoutgoing,itisimportanttostartacknowledgingthepeoplearoundyoumoreoften.Thenexttimeyouorderacoffeeorcheckoutatthegrocerystore,smileatthepersonhelpingyouandsay“thankyou”.Thissmallactwillhelpyoubecomemorecomforta-bleinteractingwithothers.____19____Talktoeveryone.Afteryoubecomeabitmorecomfortabletalkingtopeopleyouknow,trytalkingtonewpeopleasyougothroughyourday.____20____Butthemoreyouapproachpeopleandgetcomfortablewithmakingconversation,theeasieritwillbecome.A.Saythankyouinpublicasmuchaspossible.B.Rememberthattheyservehundredsofpeopleaday.C.Ifthepersonsmilesbackatyou,thengoovertothem.D.Itwillprobablymaketheotherperson’sdayalittlebrighter.E.Atfirst,youmightfeeluncomfortabletalkingwithstrangers.F.Thesequestionsinviteotherstorespondwithmorethana“yes”or“no”.G.Keepinmindthatthisapproachdoesn’talwaysworkwellinsomesituations.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幫助你在談話中顯得外向的四種方法。【16題詳解】上文“Onceyou’veestablishedeyecontact,givetheotherpersonafriendlysmile.(一旦你們建立了眼神交流，給對方一個友好的微笑。)”提到了友好的微笑，C項(xiàng)中的smilesback是關(guān)鍵詞與上文的afriendlysmile呼應(yīng)，同時與下文“Ifthepersondoesnotrespondordoesnotexpecttobeapproached(如果這個人沒有回應(yīng)或不希望被接近)”構(gòu)成對比關(guān)系，所以C選項(xiàng)“如果那個人對你微笑，那就走過去?！狈险Z境。故選C項(xiàng)。17題詳解】上文“Asksomeopen-endedquestions.(問一些開放式的問題。)”提到了問問題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中questions是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以F選項(xiàng)“這些問題要求別人的回答不僅僅是“是”或“不是”?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】下文“Youmightseesomeofthesamepeopleeveryday,butneveracknowledge(致意)them.(你可能每天都見到同樣的一些人，但從不向他們致意。)”和“Thenexttimeyouorderacoffeeorcheckoutatthegrocerystore,smileatthepersonhelpingyouandsay“thankyou”.(下次你點(diǎn)咖啡或在雜貨店結(jié)賬時，微笑著對幫助你的人說“謝謝”。)”提到了向周邊的人致意和表達(dá)感謝，A項(xiàng)中thankyou是關(guān)鍵詞，與下文的acknowledge和thankyou呼應(yīng)，所以A選項(xiàng)“盡可能在公共場合說謝謝?！蹦芨爬ㄏ挛膬?nèi)容，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Thissmallactwillhelpyoubecomemorecomforta-bleinteractingwithothers.(這個小小的舉動將幫助你在與他人交往時變得更加自如。)”提到了向身邊的人表達(dá)感謝的益處，D項(xiàng)中it是關(guān)鍵詞，指代上文的Thissmallact，所以D選項(xiàng)“這可能會讓對方的一天變得更加光明?！背薪由衔模险Z境，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Afteryoubecomeabitmorecomfortabletalkingtopeopleyouknow,trytalkingtonewpeopleasyougothroughyourday.(當(dāng)你和你認(rèn)識的人交談變得更加自如之后，在你的一天中試著和新的人交談。)”提到了和新人交談，E項(xiàng)中strangers是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文newpeople呼應(yīng)，所以E選項(xiàng)“一開始，你可能會覺得和陌生人說話不舒服?！背薪由衔模险Z境。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AnnieisamiddleschoolstudentfromSouthDerbyshire.Recentlyshewaspraisedfor____21____￡3,800shehadfoundinanenvelopelyingina____22____carpark.LastSundaymorning,Anniefinishedshopping.ShewaswalkingthroughthecarparkofMorrisonsinSwadlincotewhenshesawanitem.She____23____theitemforaballoon,butitwasactuallyanenvelope.Asshe____24____overitwithhertrolley(手推車),theenvelopesuddenlyburstundertheweight.Tohersurprise,shefoundalargeamountofmoney.Shepickeditupandimmediately____25____ittoDerbyshirepolice.Themoneywas____26____returnedrightafterthe____27____cameforwardtoclaimit.Later,policemenfromtheMerciaSaferNeighbourhoodTeamvisited____28____Annietohandheranoteof____29____fromDerbyshirepolice.Theyalsobroughtherflowersandaboxofchocolates.Shewasgivensome______30______,butshedirectlyrefusedtherewards.______31______tothevisitfromthepolice,Anniesmiled,“WhenIsawmuchmoneyburstoutoftheenvelope,Ifeltamazed.Ithoughttheonewho______32______itmustfeelanxious.Ionlydidtherightthing.”O(jiān)fficerBob______33______Annieforheractions.Hesaid,“WordscannotdescribeAnnie.Sheisatruly______34______girlwhodeservesthethanksandpraiseofthewholecommunity.Weallshouldlearnthequalityof______35______fromher.”21.A.handingin B.gettingin C.applyingfor D.huntingfor22.A.company B.supermarket C.factory D.police23.A.admitted B.returned C.mistook D.identified24.A.looked B.discussed C.took D.ran25.A.donated B.reported C.paid D.lent26.A.hardly B.hopelessly C.safely D.equally27.A.owner B.giver C.partner D.competitor28.A.hardworking B.outgoing C.absentminded D.warm-hearted29.A.aid B.thanks C.invitation D.efforts30.A.concern B.documents C.money D.goods31.A.Responding B.Turning C.Keeping D.Seeing32.A.delivered B.picked C.found D.lost33.A.checked B.admired C.sheltered D.affected34.A.creative B.terrible C.amazing D.awkward35.A.honesty B.courage C.responsibility D.patience【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了中學(xué)生Annie在意外撿到了裝滿錢的信封后誠實(shí)地歸還了這一大筆錢并受到了高度表揚(yáng)的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：最近她因上交了在超市停車場發(fā)現(xiàn)的裝有3800英鎊的信封而受到了表揚(yáng)。A.handingin上交；B.gettingin進(jìn)入；C.applyingfor申請；D.huntingfor打獵。根據(jù)“policemenfromtheMerciaSaferNeighbourhoodTeamvisitedAnnie”及“girlwhodeservesthethanksandpraiseofthewholecommunity.”可知，警察拜訪了Annie，并認(rèn)為她的行為值得表揚(yáng)。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近她因上交了在超市停車場發(fā)現(xiàn)的裝有3800英鎊的信封而受到了表揚(yáng)。A.company公司；B.supermarket超市；C.factory工廠；D.police警局。根據(jù)“LastSundaymorning,Anniefinishedshopping.ShewaswalkingthroughthecarparkofMorrisonsinSwadlincotewhenshesawanitem.”可知，她是在購物結(jié)束后穿過超市停車場才看到地面有一個東西。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她誤以為那個東西是個氣球，但實(shí)際上是一個信封。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.returned返回；C.mistook錯認(rèn)；D.identified識別。根據(jù)“butitwasactuallyanenvelope.”可知，她錯誤地以為地上的信封是氣球。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她用手推車碾過它時，信封在重壓下突然爆裂。A.looked看；B.discussed討論；C.took帶著；D.ran跑。根據(jù)“theenvelopesuddenlyburstundertheweight.”可知，她應(yīng)是用手推車碾壓了它，它才爆開的。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她撿起了它然后立即將它交給了Derbyshire的警局。A.donated捐贈；B.reported匯報；C.paid支付；D.lent借。根據(jù)上文可知，她是將信封交到了警局。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這筆錢在失主前來認(rèn)領(lǐng)時被安全地還回去了。A.hardly幾乎不；B.hopelessly絕望地；C.safely安全地；D.equally平等地。根據(jù)后文“girlwhodeservesthethanksandpraiseofthewholecommunity”可知，Annie因歸還信封而受到表揚(yáng)，因此這筆錢是被安全地還了回去。故選C。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這筆錢在失主前來認(rèn)領(lǐng)時被安全地還回去了。A.owner主人；B.giver給予者；C.partner伙伴；D.competitor競爭者。根據(jù)前文可知，Annie是在停車場撿到了這個信封，因此應(yīng)是失主前來認(rèn)領(lǐng)。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨后，來自MerciaSaferNeighbourhoodTeam的警察拜訪了熱心的Annie并給了她一封來自Derbyshire警局的感謝信。A.hardworking勤奮的；B.outgoing外向的；C.absentminded缺乏思考的；D.warm-hearted熱心的。根據(jù)Annie歸還信封這件事可知，Annie的行為是十分熱心的。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨后，來自MerciaSaferNeighbourhoodTeam的警察拜訪了熱心的Annie并給了她一封來自Derbyshire警局的感謝信。A.aid幫助；B.thanks感謝；C.invitation邀請；D.efforts努力。根據(jù)后文“girlwhodeservesthethanksandpraiseofthewholecommunity”可知，Annie受到了表揚(yáng)，因此應(yīng)是收到了警局的感謝信。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她也被給了一些錢，但她直接拒絕了這些獎賞。A.concern關(guān)心；B.documents文件；C.money錢；D.goods貨品。根據(jù)“Theyalsobroughtherflowersandaboxofchocolates.”可知，他們也為她帶來了鮮花和一盒巧克力，因此，這里也應(yīng)是他們帶來的獎勵。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：面對來自警局的訪問，Annie微笑著回答，“當(dāng)我看到這么多的錢從信封里爆出來的時候，我很震驚。我認(rèn)為丟了這些錢的人一定感到很著急，我只是做了正確的事情。”A.Responding回應(yīng)；B.Turning轉(zhuǎn)向；C.Keeping保持；D.Seeing看見。根據(jù)本句話中的雙引號可知，Annie是對此作出了回應(yīng)。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：面對來自警局的訪問，Annie微笑著回答，“當(dāng)我看到這么多的錢從信封里爆出來的時候，我很震驚。我認(rèn)為丟了這些錢的人一定感到很著急，我只是做了正確的事情。”A.delivered傳送；B.picked選擇；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.lost丟失。根據(jù)前文可知，有失主前來認(rèn)領(lǐng)，因此是丟了信封的人。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Bob警官很欽佩Annie的行為。A.checked檢查；B.admired欽佩；C.sheltered遮擋；D.affected影響。根據(jù)前文他們給Annie帶來了很多獎勵可知，Bob警官應(yīng)是佩服Annie的做法。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她是一個真正了不起的女孩，值得整個社區(qū)的感謝和贊揚(yáng)。A.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.amazing了不起的，令人驚訝的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)后文“girlwhodeservesthethanksandpraiseofthewholecommunity.”可知，此處應(yīng)是贊賞了Annie歸還錢的行為。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們所有人都應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)她身上這種誠實(shí)的品質(zhì)。A.honesty誠實(shí)；B.courage勇氣；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)前文可知，Annie歸還信封的這個舉動是一種誠實(shí)的品質(zhì)。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChineselanguageisbecomingmoreandmorepopular____36____youngRussiansinRussiaFarEast,saysLiuCongying,directoroftheConfuciusInstituteoftheFarEasternFederalUniversity.Thenumberofstudentswhoenroll(登記)attheConfuciusInstitute____37____(be)obviouslybecominglagernowadays.AccordingtoaRussia’sjobsearchwebsite,Chineseisthe____38____(two)mostpopularforeignlanguageonlyafterEnglishinRussia,____39____meanstheChineselanguageisplayinganimportantpartinapplyingforjobsinthefieldssuchastrade,translationandsales.TheincreaseinneedforChinese-speakingtalents____40____(see)betweenRussiaandChina.“TheneedforChinese-speakingtalentsgrows____41____(rapid)inthefieldsofeconomy,scienceandtechnology,”Liusaidat____42____Chineselanguagelearning-relatedactivityonThursday.Inthefirsteightmonths,two-waytradebetweentheRussiaFarEasternregionandChinashotuptoan____43____(amaze)amount.TradebetweenPrim