2023年考研考博-考博英語-山東大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點(diǎn)真題薈萃帶答案

2023年考研考博-考博英語-山東大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點(diǎn)真題薈萃帶答案第1卷一.綜合題(共25題)1.單選題Alltheinvestorsinstocksmustbe（）totherisksinsuchinvestment.問題1選項(xiàng)A.realisticB.alertC.accessibleD.awake2.單選題（）therewasnotasoularoundexceptsomecarspassingoccasionally.問題1選項(xiàng)A.OvernightB.AtduskC.InthedeadofnightD.Fortnight3.單選題

Asapersonwhocombinescarewith_________,Marisacompletedherdutieswith__________aswellaszeal.問題1選項(xiàng)A.levity…resignationB.enthusiasm…meticulousnessC.vitality…willingnessD.empathy…rigor4.單選題Motorcyclistsshouldwearhelmetsto（）themfrominjury.問題1選項(xiàng)A.saveB.shieldC.shelterD.defend5.單選題Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.問題1選項(xiàng)A.confessionB.identificationC.acknowledgementD.compliment6.單選題Whenweworryaboutwhomightbespyingonourprivatelives,weusuallythinkabouttheFederalagents.Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.It’sLindaTripp,nottheFBI,whoisfacingchargesunderMaryland’slawsagainstsecrettelephonetaping.It’sourbanks,nottheInternalRevenueService(IRS),thatpassourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.ConsumeractivistsarepressingCongressforbetterprivacylawswithoutmuchresultsofar.Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.Asanexampleofwhat’sgoingon,considerU.S.Bancorp,whichwasrecentlysuedfordeceptivepracticesbythestateofMinnesota.Accordingtothelawsuit,thebanksuppliedatelemarketercalledMemberWorkswithsensitivecustomerdatasuchasnames，phonenumbers,bank-accountandcredit-cardnumbers,SocialSecuritynumbers,accountbalancesandcreditlimits.Withthesecustomerlistsinhand,MemberWorksstarteddialingfordollars-sellingdentalplans,videogames,computersoftwareandotherproductsandservices.Customerswhoaccepteda“freetrialoffer”had30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomaticallythroughtheirbankorcredit-cardaccounts.U.S.Bancorpcollectedashareoftherevenues.Customersweredoublydeceived,thelawsuitclaims.Theydidn’tknowthatthebankwasgivingaccountnumberstoMemberWorks.Andifcustomersasked,theywereledtothinktheanswerwasno.ThestatesuedMemberWorksseparatelyfordeceptiveselling.Thecompanydeniesthatitdidanythingwrong.Foritspart,U.S.Bancorpsettledwithoutadmittinganymistakes.Butitagreedtostopexposingitscustomerstononfinancialproductssoldbyoutsidefirms.Afewtopbanksdecidedtodothesame.ManyotherbankswillstilldobusinesswithMemberWorksandsimilarfirms.Andbankswillstillbeminingdatafromyouraccountinordertosellyoufinancialproducts,includingthingsoflittlevalue,suchascreditinsuranceandcredit-cardprotectionplans.Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.Forexample,nofederallawshields“transactionandexperience”information—mainlythedetailsofyourbankandcredit-cardaccounts.SocialSecuritynumbersareforsalebyprivatefirms.They’vegenerallyagreednottoselltothepublic.Buttobusinesses,thenumbersareanopenbook.Self-regulationdoesn’twork.Afirmmightpublishaprivacy-protectionpolicy,butwhoenforcesit?TakeU.S.Bancorpagain.Customersweretold,inwriting,that“allpersonalinformationyousupplytouswillbeconsideredconfidential”.ThenitsoldyourdatatoMemberWorks.Thebankevenclaimsthatitdoesn’t“sell”yourdataatall.Itmerely“shares”itandreapsaprofit.Nowyouknow.1.Contrarytopopularbelief,theauthorfindsthatspyingonpeople’sprivacy（）.2.Weknowfromthepassagethat（）.3.Whenthe“freetrial”deadlineisover,you’llbechargedwithoutnoticeforaproductorserviceif（）.4.Businessesdonotregardinformationconcerningpersonalbankaccountsasprivatebecause_（）_.5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ispracticedexclusivelybytheFBIB.ismoreprevalentinbusinesscirclesC.hasbeenintensifiedwiththehelpoftheIRSD.ismainlycarriedoutbymeansofsecrettaping問題2選項(xiàng)A.thestateofMinnesotaisconsideringdrawinguplawstoprotectprivateinformationB.moststatesareturningablindeyetothedeceptivepracticesofprivatebusinessesC.legislatorsareactingtopassalawtoprovidebetterprivacyprotectionD.lawmakersareinclinedtogiveafreehandtobusinessestoinquireintocustomers’buyinghabits問題3選項(xiàng)A.youhappentorevealyourcreditcardnumberB.youfailtocancelitwithinthespecifiedperiodC.youfailtoapplyforextensionofthedeadlineD.youfindtheproductorserviceunsatisfactory問題4選項(xiàng)A.itisconsidered“transactionandexperience”informationunprotectedbylawB.ithasalwaysbeenconsideredanopensecretbythegeneralpublicC.itssalecanbebroughtundercontrolthroughself-regulationD.itsrevelationwilldonoharmtoconsumersunderthecurrentprotectionpolicy問題5選項(xiàng)A.bankswillhavetochangetheirwaysofdoingbusinessB.“freetrial”practicewilleventuallybebannedC.privacyprotectionlawswillsoonbeenforcedD.consumers,privacywillcontinuetobeinvaded7.單選題Johnwassoinhisbookthathedidnothearthedoorbellring.問題1選項(xiàng)A.engagedB.occupiedC.absorbedD.concentrated8.翻譯題Considerthesurveyevidence,whichshowsthatwhilemostAmericanswanttohavebothscienceandreligionintheirlives,they’llonlygosofartopreservetheformerattheexpenseofthelatter.9.單選題Ifitistruethatmoralitycannotexistwithoutreligion,thendoesnottheerosionofreligionheraldthe______ofmorality?問題1選項(xiàng)A.regulationB.basisC.beliefD.collapse10.單選題Ifacatcomestooclosetoitsnest,themockingbird_______asetofactionstoprotectitsoffspring.問題1選項(xiàng)A.hastensB.releasesC.devisesD.initiates11.單選題Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.問題1選項(xiàng)A.infrequentlyB.irregularlyC.unsteadilyD.unevenly12.單選題Sincetheislandsoilhasbeenbarrenforsomanyyears,thenativesmustnow________muchoftheirfood.問題1選項(xiàng)A.deliverB.importC.produceD.develop13.單選題Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust______thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.問題1選項(xiàng)A.improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear14.單選題Thereisno（）evidencethatthediplomaticrelationswillberestoredtonormalbetweenthesetwocountries.問題1選項(xiàng)A.tangibleB.touchableC.noticeableD.inevitable15.單選題Sincetheauthor’sunflatteringreferencestoherfriendswereso________,shewassurprisedthather______wererecognized.問題1選項(xiàng)A.laudatory...stylesB.obvious...anecdotesC.oblique...allusionsD.critical...eulogies16.單選題Theexcursionwillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.問題1選項(xiàng)A.inquiryB.investigationC.inputD.insight17.單選題Withfacilitiesworth30to50billiondollarsand9,000milesofroadsinthenationalparksystemalone,keepingupwithneededrepairsis_（）_.問題1選項(xiàng)A.overwhelmingB.appallingC.dominantD.appealing18.單選題ThespygaveGeneralWashingtona(n)（）reportonenemyactivities.問題1選項(xiàng)A.confidentB.influentialC.confidentialD.substantial19.翻譯題Untilsuchtimeasmankindhasthesensetoloweritspopulationtothepointswheretheplanetcanprovideacomfortablesupportforall,peoplewillhavetoacceptmore“unnaturalfood”.20.單選題A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthat_____girlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertypolicyinthedevelopingworldtoday.問題1選項(xiàng)A.enrollingB.assigningC.involvingD.consenting21.單選題ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity_____shockandangerthroughouttheworld.問題1選項(xiàng)A.temptedB.provokedC.summonedD.enveloped22.單選題Intheprocessofdevelopmentweshould（）heartthatsociallifeisbasedonexchange.問題1選項(xiàng)A.takefromB.taketoC.takeforD.takein23.單選題Whatmakesbasketballthemost（）ofsportsishowthesestylesdonotnecessarilyclash.問題1選項(xiàng)A.aspiringB.intriguingC.conspiringD.famous24.單選題

Iftheheavyrainhad（）anextremehightide，seriousfloodingwouldhaveresulted.問題1選項(xiàng)A.happenedtoB.occurredtoC.coincidedwithD.turnedout25.單選題Mostgoodwritersuseeverymeansattheirtomakethereader’swaysmoothandeasy.問題1選項(xiàng)A.willB.disposalC.requestD.convenience第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。realistic“現(xiàn)實(shí)的”；alert“警覺的”；accessible“易接近的”；awake“醒著的”。句意：所有股票投資者都必須當(dāng)心這種投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.【答案】C【解析】詞組短語辨析。overnight“過夜”；atdusk“傍晚；黃昏時(shí)刻”；inthedeadofnight“夜深人靜之時(shí)”；fortnight“兩星期”。句意：夜深人靜時(shí)，除了有幾輛車偶爾經(jīng)過外，沒有幾個(gè)行人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.【答案】B【解析】名詞詞義辨析。levity“多變，輕浮”；resignation“辭職，放棄”；enthusiasm“熱情，積極性”；meticulousness“謹(jǐn)小慎微”；vitality“活力，生氣”；willingness“意愿，樂意”；empathy“同感，共鳴”；rigor“嚴(yán)厲，精確”。句意：作為一個(gè)既謹(jǐn)慎又積極的人，瑪麗莎細(xì)致而又熱情地完成了她的職責(zé)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.【答案】B【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。save意為“使……免于受到……的損傷”；shield指用某種手段作為防御工具以防危險(xiǎn)或傷害；shelter通常指尋找安全地方躲避危害；defend指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受損害。題中是指運(yùn)用頭盔這種工具躲避傷害。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.【答案】C【解析】名詞詞義辨析。confession“坦白，供認(rèn)”；identification“鑒定；身份證”；acknowledgement“承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)”；compliment“贊美”。句意：盡管女性文化的重要性成為統(tǒng)一承認(rèn)的事情，但是在世界的許多國(guó)家，教育仍然是許多女性的夢(mèng)想。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:B第4題:B第5題:D【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.”，私營(yíng)企業(yè)比政府監(jiān)視得更多，根據(jù)最后一句，“It’sourbanks….passourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.”，說明銀行將我們的私人財(cái)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)給了電話銷售公司。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.”，說明立法者傾向于讓商業(yè)人士隨意跟蹤我們的財(cái)務(wù)習(xí)慣。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…h(huán)ad30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomatically…”，說明有30天的取消期限，超過期限會(huì)自動(dòng)收費(fèi)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第八段，“Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.”，企業(yè)用你的私人賬戶獲利，但是你得不到任何保護(hù)，“nofederallawshields‘transactionandexperience’information”說明私人賬戶被認(rèn)為是不受法律保護(hù)的，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第八段，說明沒有法律對(duì)消費(fèi)者的隱私給予保護(hù)，所以消費(fèi)者的利益會(huì)繼續(xù)被侵犯。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。7.【答案】C【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。absorbed“全神貫注的”；engaged“使用中的”；occupied“已占用的”；concentrated“集中注意力的”，本題用beabsorbedin“全神貫注于”更為合適。句意：約翰如此全神貫注地閱讀書籍，以至于他沒有聽到門鈴。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.【答案】根據(jù)調(diào)查證據(jù)思考發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管許多人在他們的生命里都想擁有科學(xué)和宗教，但是目前他們只會(huì)保留前者，而以后者為代價(jià)。

9.【答案】D【解析】名詞詞義辨析。regulation“管理，規(guī)則”；basis“基礎(chǔ)”；belief“信仰”；collapse“倒塌，失敗”。句意：如果道德離不開宗教是真實(shí)的，那么宗教腐朽不就意味著道德喪失嗎？選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.【答案】D【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。hastens“催促，加速”；releases“釋放，發(fā)表”；devises“發(fā)明，圖謀”；initiates“發(fā)動(dòng)，發(fā)起”。句意：如果貓?jiān)絹碓娇拷谤叺某玻鼘?huì)發(fā)動(dòng)一系列行動(dòng)去保護(hù)它的后代。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.【答案】D【解析】副詞詞義解析。infrequently“很少發(fā)生地”；irregularly“不規(guī)則地”；unsteadily“不穩(wěn)定地”；unevenly“不均衡地”。句意：事實(shí)就是地球表面加熱不均衡提供了一種將其劃分成多個(gè)溫度區(qū)域的簡(jiǎn)便方法。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.【答案】B【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deliver“交付，遞送”；import“輸入，進(jìn)口”；produce“生產(chǎn)，引起”；develop“發(fā)展，進(jìn)步”。句意：由于島上的土壤多年來一直貧瘠，當(dāng)?shù)厝爽F(xiàn)在必須進(jìn)口大多數(shù)食物。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.【答案】D【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。improve“改善”；enhance“加強(qiáng)”；guarantee“保證”；gear“開動(dòng)，使……合適”。句意：為了在國(guó)家激烈的貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存，我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量和種類適合市場(chǎng)需求。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.【答案】A【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。tangible“切實(shí)的”；touchable“可觸摸的”；noticeable“顯著的”；inevitable“不可避免的”。句意：沒有確鑿的證據(jù)證明這兩個(gè)國(guó)家之間的關(guān)系將恢復(fù)正常。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.【答案】C【解析】形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。laudatory“贊美的”；obvious“明顯的”；oblique“不光明正大的”；critical“批判的”。style“風(fēng)格”；anecdote“軼事，奇聞”；allusion“暗示，提及”；eulogy“悼詞，頌詞”。句意：作者間接地指出了她的朋友們的不當(dāng)之處，但是使她驚訝的是，這種暗示得到了大家的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.【答案】D【解析】名詞詞義解析。