趣味定語從句詳解;與【奔跑吧兄弟】結(jié)合-超級有趣易懂

在英語的江湖中，有這么一群詞的存在，他們神通廣大，既能指代前文出現(xiàn)的名詞，又能在從句中充當一定成分，并起到連詞的作用，若非用于正事，必將江湖大亂啊！他們到底是誰呢？元芳，你怎么看？大人，必須將此黨拿下，嚴刑拷打，歸我等所用！靠譜！whowhichthatwhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy9人已全數(shù)歸案劇終！欲知后事如何，敬請下回分析...whowhichthatwhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy9人已全數(shù)歸案定語英語中常充當定語，起修飾作用的有：1)Itisobviousthatsheisacharminglady.2)Thepartyyesterdaywasveryexciting.3)Thephonefromhisparentsmadehimupset.4)ThemanlyingonthefloorisLaoWang.5)Thebasketballgameheldlastmonthwasextremelysuccessful.6)Thecompitition,whichwillbeheldnextweek,isaboutHumanandNature.形容詞副詞介詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞短語過去分詞短語從句定語從句：在復合句中，起修飾、限定一個名詞或代詞的從句。一些關鍵的要素：1)被修飾的名詞或代詞，叫先行詞；從句一般緊跟在被修飾的先行詞后面。2)連接主從句的詞有關系代詞和關系副詞(共9個),既能指代先行詞，且在從句中充當一定成分，又能起到連詞的作用。3)關系詞在從句中所充當?shù)某煞譀Q定了該用關系代詞還是關系副詞！普通代詞和關系代詞的區(qū)別Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.普通的人稱代詞，指代前文的sister.關系代詞，指代前文的sister又起到連詞的作用，連接了兩個句子。Ican'tfindmygoldwatch.Myfathergaveittomeasabirthdaypresent.Ican'tfindmygoldwatchwhich/thatmyfathergavetomeasabirthdaypresent.Arobberaskedmetohandoutmymoney.Hisfacewascoveredwithapieceofcloth.Arobber,whosefacewascoveredwithapieceofcloth,askedmetohandoutmymoney.普通代詞關系代詞指代therobber,做定語；相當于therobber's也指代therobber，做定語，還能當連詞用定語從句的關系詞只有9個：先行詞主語賓語定語狀語人物whothatwhomthatwhosewhichthatwhichthatwhose(ofwhich)whenwherewhy牢記這些詞的功能：指代先行詞在從句中充當成分起連詞的作用！asas選用正確的關系詞Canyouseethewoman___________isspeakingatthestage?Idon'tknowthewoman___________mymotherisspeakingto.who/thatwho/whomthat/省略who/whom/that可指代前文提到的人，在從句中做主語或賓語；做賓語時，可省略；做主語一定不能?。∵x用正確的關系詞Haveyouheardoftheaccident___________happenedthismorning?Haveyoufoundthebike___________youlost?which/thatwhich/that省略which/that可指代前文提到的事、物，在從句中做主語或賓語；做賓語時，可省略；做主語一定不能??！選用正確的關系詞Canyouseethelady__________hairisbrown?Icanrecommendyoutomyfriend_________fatherisadoctorinthathospital.Don'tenterthehouse__________dooriswhite.Ourschoolwillhaveacompitition___________topicisaboutFriendship.whosewhosewhosewhose指代thelady,在從句中做定語，相當于thelady'smyfriend'sthetopicofthecompititionwhose可指代前文提到的人或事物，在從句中做定語；選用正確的關系詞Ihavethesamehat________youwear.________islistedabove,smokingdoesgreatharmtoourlungsandhearts._______isknowntoall,Langlangisafamouspianistintheworld.asAsAs當先行詞被thesame/such修飾時，表“跟···(從句)一樣的、如此的”或從句有“猶如、正如···那樣”的含義時，關系代詞用As.連連看Herearethebooks.Youarelookingforthem.___________________________________________________________Haveyouseenthechildren?Theyareplayingfootball.___________________________________________________________Thisisthehero.Weareproudofhim.___________________________________________________________Canyoushowmethenovel.Itscoverisred.___________________________________________________________whichthatHerearethebookswhich/thatyouarelookingfor.whothatHaveyouseenthechildrenwho/thatareplayingfootball?who/whomthatThisistheherowho/whom/thatweareproudof.whoseCanyoushowmethenovelwhosecoverisred.任務：將下列的簡單句合成復合句1.Thelittlegirliscrying.Hermoneywasstolen.2.Thecolourofthebikeisgreen.Haveyouseenthebike?3.Thestudentsdon'tagreewithus.Theyarestandingatthedoor.4.Whereistheman?Youtalkedwithhimjustnow.5.Thewatchisveryexpensive.Hegaveherthewatchasapresent.6.Thenovelisveryinteresting.Youlentthenoveltomeyesterday.7.Thisistheman.Myfatherworkedwithhim.8.Theletterisfrommyfriend.Ireceivedityesterday.9.I'mreadingabook.ItsnameisWhoMovedMyCheese.10.Thelittlegirlisneartheriver.Heislookingforher.11.Doyoustillrememberthetemple.Wevisiteditlastyear.12.Lookatthathouse.Myfriendlivesinit.13.Hefailedtheexamagain.Itdisappointedhim.14.Herfatherwasextremelyangry.Itmadeherafraid.15.Histeacherforgavehim.Itmovedhim.16.Thegirliscrying.Thegirllostherway.17.Thestoryisfake.Hemadeupthestory.18.Thewomanrantothecomingbus.Sheheldababyinherarms.Manypeoplewerewaitingforthebus.19.Thepassengersturnedtothewoman.Thepassengerswerereading.Thewomanwascrying.20.Thepolicemencaughttherobber.Thepolicemenjumpedoutofacar.Therobberrobbedsomemoneyfromastore.1.Thelittlegirliscrying.Hermoneywasstolen.2.Thecolourofthebikeisgreen.Haveyouseenthebike?3.Thestudentsdon'tagreewithus.Theyarestandingatthedoor.Thelittlewhosemoneywasstoleniscrying.whosewhoseHaveyouseenthebikewhose

colourisgreen?whothatThestudentswhoarestandingatthedoordon'tagreewithus.Thestudentswhodon'tagreewithusarestandingatthedoor.5.Thewatchisveryexpensive.Hegaveherthewatchasapresent.6.Thenovelisveryinteresting.Youlentthenoveltomeyesterday.whichthatThewatch

(which/that)

hegaveherasapresentisveryexpensive.Hegaveherawatchwhich/thatisveryexpensive

asapresent.whichthatThenovel(which/that)

youlenttomeyesterdayisveryinteresting.7.Thisistheman.Myfatherworkedwithhim.whomwhothatThisistheman(who/whom/that)myfatherworkedwith.Thisisthemanwithwhommyfatherworked.【注意：若介詞一起前提到從句句首，關系代詞只能用whom(人)或which(物)】8.Theletterisfrommyfriend.Ireceivedityesterdaywhich/thatTheletter(which/that)Ireceivedyesterdayisfrommyfriend.9.I'mreadingabook.ItsnameisWhoMovedMyCheese.10.Thelittlegirlisneartheriver.Heislookingforher.whoseI'mreadingabookwhose

nameisWhoMovedMyCheese.who/that/whomThelittlegirl

(who/whom/that)heislookingforisneartheriver.11.Doyoustillrememberthetemple.Wevisiteditlastyear.Doyoustillrememberthetemple

(which/that)wevisitedlastyear?12.Lookatthathouse.Myfriendlivesinit.Lookatthathouse(which/that)myfriendlivesin.Lookatthathouse

inwhichmyfriendlives.13.Hefailedtheexamagain.Itdisappointedhim.Hefailedtheexamagain,whichdisappointedhim.14.Herfatherwasextremelyangry.Itmadeherafraid.15.Histeacherforgavehim.Itmovedhim.16.Thegirliscrying.Thegirllostherway.Thegirlwho/thatlostherwayiscrying.17.Thestoryisfalse.Hemadeupthestory.Thestory

(which/that)hemadeupisfalse.,which,which18.Thewomanrantothecomingbus.

Sheheldababyinherarms.

Manypeoplewerewaitingforthebus.Thewomanwho/thatheldababyinherarmsrantothecomingbus(which/that)manypeoplewerewaitingfor.19.Thepassengersturnedtothewoman.

Thepassengerswerereadingnewspapers.

Thewomanwascrying.

Thepassengerswhowerereadingnewspapersturnedtothewomanwhowascrying.20.Thepolicemencaughttherobber.

Thepolicemenjumpedoutofacar.

Therobberrobbedsomemoneyfromastore.Thepolicemenwhojumpedoutofacarcaughttherobberwhorobbedsomemoneyfromastore.which;who;that;whom;whose;as

where;when;whywhichthataswhowhomwhosewherewhenwhy

指代“事、物”在從句中作主語或賓語指代“人”，在從句中作主語或賓語指代“人”，在從句中作賓語指代先行詞，在從句中作定語指代先行詞，在從句中作狀語Canyoumakesentencesbyyourself?奔跑吧，定語從句！Baby正在敲打那些從洞里伸出來的人。Babyishittingthepeople_________________________________________________whostickoutfromtheholes.Angelababy，中文名楊穎，1989年2月28日出生于上海.Angelababy,whoseChinesenameisYangYin,wasborninShanghaionFebruary28th1989._________________________________________李晨正在努力地吃一顆糖，糖用繩子綁著。LiChenistryingtoeatacandy________________________________________.whichwastiedwithastring李晨正在拉一輛木車，車上有5個人。LiChenisdraggingawoodenvehicle_____________________________________.onwhichtherearefivepeople李晨，力氣特別大，他正拉著一輛木車，車上有5個人。LiChen,____________________________,isdraggingawoodenvehicle_____________________________________whohasstrongpowerwherethereare5people.whoisverystrong帽子是紅色的那個女人是Baby,鄧超和鹿晗在她旁邊跳舞。TheladywhosehatisredisBaby,besidewhom

DengchaoandLuhanaredancing.一群人在一座房子前面擺pose,房子的顏色是棕色的。Agroupofpeopleareposinginfrontofahousewhosecolorisbrown.定語從句用何關系詞？Runningmanisthebestshow________Ihaveeverwatched.Thefirstcity__________theywenttowasHangzhou.Thisisthethirdseason________theyhavetakenpartin.thatthatthat1.當先行詞被最高級或者序數(shù)詞修飾時，指物用that,不用which。用何關系詞？DenChaowillshowyousomething_________youneversawbefore.Theyshouldbegratefulforeverthing________theyhaveachieved.Thereismuch______interestsmeinthisshow.WangZulanhandedoutallthekeys________hehadfound.Hehaslittleexperience________canbeappliedtothisjob.thatthatthatthatthat2.當先行詞是something/nothing/few/little等不定代詞;

或被few/all/little/much等數(shù)量形容詞修飾時，指物，用that,不用which。用何關系詞？Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthings__________hesawinthepassage.Hecanclearlyrememberthepersonandthings_________henoticedduringthegame.thatthat3.當先行詞既包括物又包括人時，用that。用何關系詞？Runningmanisoneoftheprograms________Iamfondof.Isthistheone__________youarelookingfor?TheSafeRoomwastheonlyplace__________theywouldgoto.Thisistheright/veryenvelope________theyhavebeenlookingforforalongtime..thatthatthatthat4.當先行詞是oneof···；theone;

或被theonly/right/very(正好；恰好)等修飾時，指物，用that,不用which。用何關系詞？Whoistheman________iswalkingtothem?Whichisthekey________ismatchedtothelock?thatthat5.當疑問句里已有Who或Which時，關系代詞用that,避免重復?！疽弧慨斚刃性~指事、物時，只用that,不用which的情況：1.先行詞被最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時；2.先行詞是不定代詞；或被every/all/few等數(shù)量形容詞修飾時；3.當先行詞既有人又有物時；4.先行詞是oneof···、theone;或被theonly/theright/thevery修飾時；5.當主句已有which和who時；【二】先行詞指事、物，只用which,不用that的情況：1.在非限制性定語從句中ChenHeandEllaturnedouttobetheadoptedchildren,whichastonishedalltheotherplayers.2.在“介詞+關系詞”引導的定語從句中Theylookedcarefullyatthemirrorfromwhichtheycouldobtainsomeinformation.Theymustpayattentiontotheinformationwithwhichtheycouldfindouttheadoptedchildren.【三】先行詞指人，只用who,不用that的情況：1.當先行詞是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代詞時，關系代詞只用whoThosewhowanttogetoutoftheroommustworkoutthesum(算術題)onthepaper.Anyonewhogaveawronganswerwouldbepunished.Thisgameissuitableforsomeonewhohasstrongpower.2.在therebe句型中。Therewerethreemeninblackwhowouldteartheirnametags(名牌)

duringthegame.Therewasapersonwhohadbeensecretlyappointedasaspy.3.在非限制性定語從句中LiChenisacharmingman,

whoappealstomanyfans.4.“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，只用whom。HuangXiaomingistheluckyman

withwhomBabygotmarried.

—Look!Whatdayisittoday?Whyaretheygettingtogetheragain?—TodayisMarch,12th

.

Onthisdaypeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!,onwhich----Whatisit?----Itisabasketballcourt

.Wecanplaybasketballonitindoors.which,onwhichwecanplaybasketballindoors.——Ihaven'tseenMrs.Greenforsomedays.——Shegavebirthtoapairoftwins.Thatisthereason.Forthatreason,sheaskedforaleave.which,TodayisMarch,12th

,onwhichpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees

!Itisabasketballcourt

,onwhichwecanplaybasketball

indoors.Thatisthereason,forwhichsheaskedforaleave.觀察下列3個句子：onwhich,在從句中作時間狀語，可直接用關系副詞whenwhenonwhich,在從句中作地點狀語，可直接用關系副詞wherewhereforwhich,在從句中作原因狀語，可直接用關系副詞whywhy定語從句中關系副詞的用法1.定語從句中關系副詞有：

when,where,why

2.關系副詞在定語從句中所作的成份：關系副詞在定語從句中都作狀語。

when作時間狀語；where

作地點狀語；

why

作原因狀語。HerememberedthedaywhenIarrivedinthisbigcity.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作時間狀語，意為onthedaywhere作地點狀語，意為intheplacewhy作原因狀語，意為forthereasonDetailedexplanationwhen指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，它的先行詞為time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。例：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingscanbedoneoncomputer.我仍然記得第一次坐飛機旅行的時間。我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時代。where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語。它的先行詞通常為place,spot,

street,

house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。例：Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？請把書放在容易找到的地方。why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason，在定語從句中作原因狀語，亦可用“介詞for+which”替代。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?Hebrokethelaw.Thatisthereasonwhyhewasputintoprison.你能告訴我你沒參加他的生日宴會的原因嗎？他犯法了，這就是他坐牢的原因。完成句子：1.我一直都記得我來學校的第一天。Ialwaysrememberthefirstday_________________________