2023年上海市高考英語模擬試卷試題二(含答案)

2023學(xué)年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試上海高考英語模擬試卷2I.Listeningcomprehension略II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Aftercoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithwitheproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatfitseachCatsareactuallyIfyouareannoyedbyraths,inktwicetheappearanceofarat-freehome,butitturnsoutthattheratsarestillkeepingalowprofile."CatsarenotthenaturalenemyUniversity,NewYork.Histeam(21)_______(study)aratcolonyatarecycpliainnNgtewYorkinthepastfewyears.Whencatsmovedinthoeplantlastyear,theresearchersbutdecidedtosetupcameras(22)thearea.months,theysawjustattemptsbycatstocatchrats,onlytwoofreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassageagivenword,fillineachblankbestblank.surprisinglybadatcatchingratsgettingacat.Acatmightleadtothere.Theyareaboutjustofrats,"saysMichaelParsonsofFordham"Theyprefersmallerprey.”weredisappointed,_______(monitor)Overfivethree(23)_______succeeded.Catshavegoodreasonstobecautious.painfulbiteandcarrylotsofdiseases.Theyalso一comparedwith25gramsforamouse.thinksthatstarvingcatstocatchratsaresickorinjured.Thetworats_______(kill)duringtheteam'spoisonedfood,abiginfluenceonratbehaviour."Ratsoverestimatethebycats,”saysParsons.Histeamfoundthatwhencatsareinthearea,ratsmuchmoretimeandmovearoundtheyaremuchlesstobeseenbypeople,whichould(28)_______mostwronglythinkcatsaregoodatkillingrats.Somecatownersmay(29)_______(convince)theirpetsareexcellentThecommonrathaslargeteeththatcangivea(24)_______(weigh)340gramsonaverageParsonsonlywillattemptrats,(25)_______the(26)studymayhavebeenweakenedbyeatinghesays.However,catsdohaveriskcausedspendin(27)_______(hide)cautiously.Thatmeanslikelyexplainpeopleratters.ButParsonshasfoundthatmanypeoplemistakemice(30)_______rats.Thatsaid,itispossiblethereareafewexceptionalcatsthadotakeonhealthy,adultrats,hesays.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.thanyouneed.A.contributorsB.describingC.distinctD.favoritesE.invitationsF.limitsEachwordcanonlybeusedonce.NotethereisonewordmorethatG.nameH.pleasurableLrecallJ.unexploredK.usefulTheuniquejoyoflearningWithallthat'shappeninginthenews,lifecanfeeltheparticularkindofbadweareexperiencing.Areweanxiousordepressed?Lonelyorstressed?TimLomas,London,isengagedintheoppositecanfind.Lomasisseekingwortdablehsatdescribe_____31____feelingstermsforinEnglish."It'salmostlikeeachoneisawindowontoanewlandscape,"withthehelpofmany_____32_____hehascollectednearly（詞典學(xué)）".Peoplearefascinatedwithuntranslatable_____33_____:Howelseabouttheguiltyschadenfreude?ButLomasalsothemasameansfbrwaysofliving,”describingthemas_____34_____experiencehappyphenomenathatmaypreviouslyhave"hiddenfromthem"orinfeelingsthey_____35_____.ConsidtherJapaneseohanawmi,ordforgatheringwithotherstoappreciatelowers.（語言學(xué)家）havehowmuchthelanguagedeterbmtlyyinedfactorslikegeographyandclimate—_____36____thoughtswearecapableofhavingortheactionswecantake."Theliavre_es____37_____worlds,notmerelythesameworlddifferentlabelsattached,"wrotethetheoristEdwardStudyingthewordsatheleast,isameansnewordslikeanexerciseindeterminingaseniorlecturerinpositivepsychologyattheUniversityofEastanalyzingallthetypesofwell-beingthathepsychologicalinsightswedon'thaveeffort:Specifically,touncoverbycollectinguntranslaLomassays.Sofar,1,000inwhathecallsa“positivelexicographywordsinpartbecausetheyarecouldwetalktoeachotherpleasureofseesofshowingus"newpossibilitiesforpeopletobeentotakedelightcouldn'tpreviouslyLinguistslongarguedaboutwespeak---patheworldsinwhichdifferentsocietiwithSapir.inLomas'collection,ofreflectingonwaysthatpsychologistliststheGermanlands,akindforthe_____39_____.Alsothesatisfactiononegetsagoodnight'sthejoyofbeingincontrolofone'sowntime.wecanfeelgood.Whenaskedforoneofhis_____38_____.thealongingtotraveltodistantistheDanishsleep,andFemwewh,ichdescribesofhomesicknessdelightfulmorgenfrisk,_____40_____fromtheLatinotium,highlightingIII.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Mostformsofconventionaladvertising—print,radioandbroadcasttoonlineadsfbryears;onlytothe1800s,andTVadsareholdingtheirown.Suchout-of-homeasitisknown,isexpectedby3.4%in2022,anddigitaltelevision―havebeenlosinggroundbillboards,datingbackadvertising,to_____41_____out-of-home（DOOH）advertisinairportsandby16%.Suchadsdrawviewers5beskippedor_____42_____,unlikeadsonline.BillboardownersarealsothelocationInformationaboutandonlineandsoldtomediaowners.Theythenusethesedatoaworkoutwhendifferentgroups，say—walkbytheirads.isaddedintroaffic,weatherandotherdataoproducerelevantads.DOOH45candeliveradsforcoffewhenitiscoldandicedwhenitiswarm.Such_____46_____worksmethods,atermInthepastbillboardownerssuchasClearjcDechauxve_____47_____platformswhichbrandsandmediapurchaseandplaceadsinminutes,ratherthanorweeks.ItisoutdooradswillincreasinglybeboughtlikeandviewsaswellThatispossiblewhiicnhg,cludestheLCDscreensfoundshoppingmalls,attentionfromphonesandcannot_____43_____datahatarepouringoffpeople'ssmartphones.theirowners'locationsbrowsinggetscollected一"businesstravellers”That_____44_____toinsightsexternalhighlydrinksparticularlywellwhenitisaccompaniedadvertisingthatdescribestheuseofdatoautomateChannelandby"programmatic"andimproveads.yearprogrammaticallowbuyerstoselect,dayssaidthatonlineones,basedonaudienceas_____48_____.becausebillboardownersclaimtobeableto_____49_____howelltheiradsareworking,no"click-through"ratesareinvolved.firmscantelladvertisershowmanypeoplewalkatparticulartimesoftheday.canestimatetoanadforahandbagthengoontovisitanearbyshop(orwebsite)andbuytheproduct.Suchmetricsmakeoutdooradsmore_____automatedandmeasurable,arguesanad-techfirminNewYork.However,theoutdoor-adeventhoughDatapastindividualadvertisementsAdvertisershowmanyindividuals_____50_____51_____-driven,MichaelProvenzano,co-founderofVistarMedia,revolutionisnot_____52_____-free.ThecollectionAnd_____53_____oftheonline-advague,andoccasionallydishonest,mayalsobetargetedattheOOHbusinessasitbecomesbiggerandmorecomplex.Theindustryisready54_____suchconcerns,saysConcthophei,iefexecutiveOneofthe_____55_____offollowingtheonline-adpioneers,henotes,islearningfromthemirstakes.41.A.shrinkB.growC.disappearD.emerge42.A.obtainedB.blockedC.separatedD.arranged43.A.makingengagedinofmobile-phonedataraisesprivacyconcerns.businessforbeingto_____Jean-ChrisofVIOOH,gressinB.gettingC.becomingpartof44.A.valueD.takingadvantageofB.recordC.knowledgeD.feeling45.A.opponentsB.providersC.learnersD.instructors46.A.addingB.collectingC.targetingD.producing47.A.changedB.forbiddenC.clearedD.launched48.A.marketingB.evolutionC.locationD.branding49.A.measureB.wonderC.noticeD.forget50.A.devotedB.opposedC.relatedD.exposed5LA.conceptB.data52.A.stressB.conflictC.injuryD.problem53.A.aspectsB.demandsC.criticisms54.A.addressB.shareC.reflectD.emphasize55.A.benefitsB.difficultiesC.customerD.researchD.detailsC.challengesD.conditionsSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.EachpassageisfollowedbyseveraltherearefourmarkedA,questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemchoicesB,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)KimHyoJin,ashyjuniorhighThesmilingteacherheldisthis?"schoolstudent,stoodbeforeherAmericanteacher.upagreenpepper(青椒)andaskedinclearEnglish:"What"Peemang!"answeredtheSouthahandasiftostop—toolateKoreanwordshetriedlookingtheteacherintheeye,sheheldbothherhandsoutandasked,thistimeinEnglish:"MayIhaveKimtookthevegetablewithabow,andranbacktoherclassmates,feelingrelievedthatshehadsuccessfullyasmallfirsovercomingwhatconsideroneoftheirbiggestweaknessesinglobalcompetitivenessthefearofspeakinginEnglishtowesterners.Kimwasamong300juniorhighstudentsgoingtraininginthislikeamini-townIthasitsowngym.amainstreetwithof160nativeKoreanteenager,whothencoveredhermouthwith-thethathadlefthermouth.Embarrassed,again.Withoutgreenpepper?”takensteptowardSouthKoreansschoolthroughaweeklongnew"EnglishVillage”.ThecomplexlookstransplantedfromaEuropeancountrytothisSouthKoreancountryside.immigrationoffice,citystorefronts,policeandalive-insignsareinEnglish,theonlyanguagecoursethatchargeseachstudent80,000won,or$82,pupilshall,bookstore,cafeteria,WesternofficerspopulationEnglishspeakers.Allallowed.Here,onasix-daycheckintoahotel,shop,takecookinglessonsandmakemusicvideos—alinEnglish.ThereareKoreanwithonthevirllpasgesports.KoreahasbecomeoneofthemostinAsiaEnglishtoitscitizens.Outsidetheschoolparentsarepayianegstimatedtrillionwonayeartohelptheirchildrenlearnathomeorabroad.manycollegeareafraidofchattingwithspeakers.That,linguistssay,isaresultofanationalschoolsystemhattraditionallystressesandmemorizationofEnglishgrammarandvocabularyatheexpenseofconversation.30percentofallclassesarenowinEnglish.accenthasbecomelanguagepolicemenaround,punishingstudentsspeakingafineinthevillagecurrencyoreddotsSouthaggressivecountriesateachingsystem,10EnglishNevertheless,graduatesnativereadingInKoreaUniversityofSeoul,SpeakingEnglishwithanativeastatussymbol.56.WhatwasKimHyoJin'sEnglishwithdarednottalkC.ShewasafraidoflookingatheEnglishD.ShekepstayingwithherKoreanofthefollowingistrueofthe"EnglishA.ItislocatedinaEuropeahouses460Koreaninaweek.C.StudentswillbepunishedfornotspeakingD.Studentstaketurnstoserveaslanguage58.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthewaythatstudentslearnclassesgiventostudents.chancetopractisetocommunicate.D.Grammarandvocabularyistaughtbyold-fashionedmethods.ofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Let'sReadinEnglishasaGlobLanlguageC.AHungerforEnglishinKoreans'toEnglishproblem?A.ShespokeaKoreanaccent,B.ShewithwesternersinEnglish.teacher.classmates.57.WhichVillage"?country.B.ItstudentsEnglish.policemen.KoreanEnglishatschool?A.Theraren'tenoughEnglishB.Studentsdon'thaveenoughspeaking.C.Emphasisisplacedonstudents'ability59.WhichB.EnglishLessonsD.ChangeAttitude(B)Thelivelihoodofeachinterdependenceissometimevague,sometimesobvious.straightforwarddependencorganismsthatTheparasiticvirusesandbacterianadnar)myofinvertebratesdirectlyatheexpenseInthefaceforprotectingtheirspeciesdependsontheexistencesofotherPerhapsthemostoccurswithparasites,thingsandgetnutrientsdirectlyfromiswidespread,Anumberofmicro-organisms(including(無脊椎動(dòng)物)makethingshavebodiesfromorganisms.Thisofonespeciesonanotherliveonorinotherlivingthem.wayoflifetheirlivingsofothercreatures.ofthisattack,livingevolvedavarietyofdefensemechanismsinvasionbyotherorganisms.Certainfungi(真菌)andevensomekindsofbacteriaenvironment.Thesesubstancesarecapableofkillingorthegrowthofvariouskindsthaltsooccupythearea,thusreleasesubstancesknownasantibioticsintotheirexternalpreventingofbacteriaeliminatingorreducingthecompetitiondefenseagainstvadersinothergroupsoforganisms.Forexample,whenattackedfungiorbacteria,manykindsofplantschemicalsthathelptofightofftheinvaders.MembersoftheanimalkingdomhavedevelopedavarietyofdefensemechanismsfordealingwithparasiAltes.houghthesemechanismsvaryofanimalsarecapableandreactingtothepresencetheanimalkingdom,thereisevidencethatoftissuesintoananimalareacceptedonlyiftheycomefromfornutrients.Thesameprincipleisusedinbydisease-causingproduceconsideralmlably,jorgroupsofdetectingof"foreign”cells.Infact,throughouttransplantsofcellsorpartscloselyrelatedindividuals.Theabilitytodistinguishbetween"self”and"nonself"whilepresentinallanimals,ismostefficientamongThiemm.unesysteminvadersandtransplantedtissuesthataretreastedforeign60.Whatdoesthepassageorganismsreacttoinvaders.vertebrates,whichhavedevelopedanimmunesystemastheirdefensemechanisrecognizesandtakesactionagainstforeigncells.mainlydiscuss?A.HowB.Howparasitesreproducethemselves.C.Howantibioticsworktocuredisease.D.Howtheimmunesystemsofvertebratesdeveloped.61.Accordingtothepassage,someorganismsproduceantibioticsinorderto________.A.aiddigestionB.fightoffotherinhumansD.createnewtypesofnutrientstothepassage,theabilitytodistinguishbetweento________.A.getridofantibioticsorganismsC.preventdisease62.According"selfand"nonself'enablesvertebratesB.accepttransplantedcellsC.detectandreacttoinvasionD.weakentheirimmunesystem（C）AsFransdeWaal,aprimatologist（靈長動(dòng)物學(xué)家）,recognizes,abetterwaytocreatureswouldbetoaskourselvesspecieshavedifferentkindsofmindtosolveproblems.Surelytheisnotwhetheranimalscandothesamethingshumanscan,butanimalssolvethecognitive（認(rèn)知的）problemstheyface,likehowtoimitatetheseafloor.Childrenandsomeanimalsaresointerestingnotbecausetheyaresmartlikeus,butbecausetheyaresmartinwayswehaven'tevenwaysofknowingcancastlightonadult-humanChildren'spretendplaymayhelpouradultDeWaalsresearchinterestingexample.Wehumanbeingstendtothinkthatoursocialarreooitnpsedourperceptions,beliefs,anddesires,andourunderstandingoftheperceptions,beliefs,calolu"rtsheoryInthe‘80sand'90s,psychologistsshowedthatanedveirsnnfaundtserstandmindsapartfromtheirown.Butitwashardtoshowthatanimalsdidthesame.forthespecial,uniquelyhumanYetdeWaal'sstudiesshowthatchimps（黑猩猩）possessaremuchinterestedinfiguringoutsocialasdeWaaldescribes,thatsomethingaboutchimpssee.Butexperimentalstudiesalsosuggestthathappensonlyinpolictveoicalntext.TheevolutionaryHareandhiscolleaguesgavedominantchimphadseenhiddenandotherthinkaboutotherhowdifferentdevelopeddifferentadaptiveimportantquestionhowthoseconsidered.Sometimesstudyingchildren'videsanotherrelationshandesiresofothers―whatpsychologisofmind”.developmentalpreschoolother"Theoryofmind"becameacandidatetrick.aremarkablydevelopedpoliticalintelligence―theyrelationships.Iturnsout,chimpsdoinferwhatotherthisacompetitanthropologist（人類學(xué)家）Brainajuniorchimpachoicebetweenpiecesoffoodthatapiecesithadnotseenhidden.Thejuniorchimp,whowatchedallthehiding,stayedawayfromthefoodthedominantchimphadseen,buttookthefoodithadn'tseen.Anyonewhohasgonetoanacademicrecognizethatinthesamesituation.Wemaysaythattofindoutthink,butwe'rejustasinterestedinwho'sontop.Manyofmuchtodowithourtheorynorespectforhisconferencewillwemaybewesignupbecauswe'reeagerwhatotherhumanbeingsthepoliticalWemayshowourrespectideas.judgmentswemaketheredon'thaveofmind.toafamousprofessorvenifwehaveUntilrecently,however,therewasn'tmuchresearchinthowhumansdevelopItmaybethatthesocialandemploythiskindofpoliticalknowledge.weunderstandworldintermsofdominanlickhei,mps,butwe'rejustnotusuallyaspoliticallymotivatedastheyare.Insteadofaskingwhetherwehaveabettereverydaytheoryoftheoryofpolitics.inwhatwaycanananimalbeconsideredsmart?mind,wemightwonderwhetherthey63.AccordingtothefirstA.ItcanbehavelikeB.ItcanimitatewhatC.ItcanfindD.ItcanfigureoutthoseofthefollowingstatementsbestA.WetalkinfainawtsaythattheycanfullyB.Wemakeguessesatwhatinteractingwithem.C.WehideouremotionswhenwetryestablishingcontactwithD.Wetrytounderstandhowkids'plafyfectourtasteforfiction.65.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.NeitherhumannoranimalsdisplaytheirB.Animalsthatliveinacompetitpolictveoicalntextaresmarter.humanandsomeanimalshaveD.Humansaremoreinwho'sontopthanimals.66.Bytheunderlinedinthelastparagraph,thewritermeansA.weknowlittleabouthowchimpsarepoliticallyhaveabettereverydayparagraph,ahumankid.humanbeingsdo.asolutiontoitsownproblem.adaptiveproblems.64.Whichillustratesour"theoryofmind”？withunderstand.othersthinkwhileastranger.pretendpreferenceofdominance.C.Berestedsentencethat_________.motivatedB.ourpoliticalknowledgedoesn'talwaysdeterminehowebehaveC.ourtheoryofmindmightenableustounderstandourtheoryofpoliticsD.moreresearchshouldbeconductedtounderstandanimals'socialworldSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencgivbeesnlow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Thistheideathattryingtochangesomeone'sfalsebeliefcanmakethembelieveitmoreB.However,moreC.Anyonecanspreadalie,butitusuallytakesabitoftimeandknowledgewhyastatementiswrong.strongly.recentstudiarfeamsroreencouraging.toexplainD.Butsometimesthereareshortcutstomakeyourpointconvincing.E.Ifyouarenotsureofthefacts,dosomewebrowsingonyourtryingtowingit.F.Ifthishappens,youdon'thavetojustsittherephoneratherthanquiet.ChangingSomeone'sMindatheDinnercanbringweprefertoavoid.Withthefestiveseasonswing,itmightbehardtostawyayfromsomeannoyingrelatives.Atsomepoint,youknowtheywillsaysomethinglike:modifoieodsarenotchangeisaconspiracy”.（Surely,alltheseTableFamilygatheringsuptopicsinfull"Geneticallysafetoeat"or"Climatestatementsareuntrue.）________67____“IsitworthReiflerattheUniversityUK,whostudieswaysofchallengingUIthisnons.ok.”itisfarmoredifficulttoprovemakinganefforttocorrectpeople?”saysJasonofExeter,misperceptObviously,falsebeliefswrongthantospreadthem.Takeaclassic:"Theclimatehasalwaysthis,youneedtoexplainhowtheworldisnowwarmingatanalarmingrate,whenotheriwtiseouldslightlywereitnotforourcarbonchanged,it'snothingtodowithhumans."Tofightbecoolingdioxideemissions._______69_______"Parallel"argumentscanoftenhighloigihtecalrrorsCookofGeorgeMasoUniversity,Forinstance,the"climisaltewayschanging"mythislikeclaimingthatpeoplehavestolenfromleavingyourunlockedwon'tincreasetheriskofveryeffectively,saysJohnVirginia.becausealwayseachother,houseburglary（入室搶劫）.（適得其反的）effect.Butyouneedtobeawareofthebackfire_______70_______Thiswasdiscouragingnewsforthefightagainstfalseyouwanttodowhendebunking（駁斥）misinformationismakemattersCookandStephanLewandowskyattheUniversityDebunkiHandgbook,However,morerecentthought,"saysbeliefs."Thelastthingworse,"wroteofBristol,UK,inTheashortguidepublishedin2011.studiesarefarmoreencouraging.It'snotascommonasweinitiallyLewandowsky.IV.SummaryReadthefollowinginnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.UseyourasfarasWritingDirections:passage.Summarizeownwordspossible.WorkingAroundAccordingtothelatestleavingtheircountryinlargebecausetheyofworkingabrofaocdtrfictionandwhatisitliketoworkinanothertofindanswerstothesequestions,theGuardiannewspaperrecentlyGermany,SpainandHolland.Whattheyamarketableskillandcanspeakthelanguagofthecountryyouarein,thenyouwillhavenoproblemfindingwork.Let'staketheexamples.PeterTateHehadstudieddesiginEnglandandhadworkedforelevenyearsintheatresaroundthecountry.andcertadinlydn'texpecttogetajobinhisfieldstatistics,youngmenandwomenfromtheUKarenumberswanttoworkabroad.Istheideacountry?InorderinterviewedBritishworkersinFrance,wasthatifyouhavediscoveredfollowingmovedtoFrancein1991.lightingHewantedadifferentlifestyleimmediately.Hedidanumberin1992.design.Afterallhisexperihesnce,aysthatyouhaveexactlythekindofjobyouwantabroad."