高中英語核心詞匯詳解day1dayday

本資料為高考復習使用，沖刺考綱詞匯外詞匯會放在語境素材中講解，語境素材選 外該套講義全文共100篇，覆蓋高考全部題材大類，語料內容TherobotwhorescuesSpooner'slifeinI,RobotfollowsAsimov'szerothlaw:robotscannotharmhumanity(asopposedtoindividualhumans)orallowhumanitytocometoharm—anexpansionofthefirstlawthatallowsrobotstodeterminewhat'sinthegreatergood.Underthefirstlaw,arobotcouldnotharmadangerousgunman,butunderthezerothlaw,arobotcouldkillthegunmantosaveothers.Whetherit'spossibletoprogramarobotwithsafeguardssuchasAsimov'slawsisdebatable.Awordsuchas"harm"isvague(whataboutemotionalharm?Isrecingahumanemployeeharm?),and conceptspresentcodingproblems.TherobotsinAsimov'sfictionexposecomplicationsandloopholesinthethreelaws,andevenwhenthelawswork,robotsstillhavetoassesssituations.在《我，機器人》中拯救生命的機器人遵循的第零定律:機器人不能人類(相對于個人)，也不能讓人類受到——這是第一條定律的擴展，該定律允許機器人決定什么對人類更有利。根據第一項法律，機器人不能 的，但根據第零項法律，機器人可以殺死以拯救他人。是否有可能為機器人編寫像定律這樣的安全防護程序還存在爭議。像“這樣的詞是模糊的(那么情感呢?替類員工是否會造成?)，抽象的概念帶來了編碼問題。小說中的機器人了這三條法律的復雜性和，即使法律起作用，機器人仍然要評估情況。*rescueV-TIfyourescuesomeone,yougetthemoutofadangerousorsituation.Helicoptersrescuednearly20peoplefromtheroofoftheburningrescuerN-COUNTIttookrescuers90minutestoreachthetrapped救援者們花了90N-UNCOUNTRescueishelpwhichgetssomeoneoutofadangerousunpleasant AbigrescueoperationhasbeenlaunchedforatrawlermissingintheNorth為了一艘在西洋的拖網漁船，已經開始了一項大的營救行動N-COUNTArescueisanattempttosavesomeonefromadangerousunpleasant Amajorair-searescueisunder一項重要的海空營救行動正在進行中。PHRASEIfyougotosomeone'srescueorcometotheirrescue,youhelpwhenwhentheyareindangerordifficulty.The23-year-old'sscreamsalertedapasserbywhowenttoher那名23歲的尖引起了一個過路人的警覺，他救了她expansionN-VARExpansionistheprocess inggreaterinsize,number,amount.擴張;...therapidexpansionofprivatehealth…私人健康的快速發(fā)展同根詞拓展expandV-T/V-IIfsomethingexpandsorisexpanded, eslarger.擴大;EngineersnoticedthatthepipeswerenotexpandingasWehavetoexpandthesizeofthe我們不得不擴大圖像的尺寸。V-T/V-IIfsomethingsuchasabusiness,organization,orserviceexpands,orifyouexpandit,it esbiggerandincludesmorepeople,goods,oractivities.使…發(fā)展;發(fā)展[商業(yè)Thepopularceramicsindustryexpandedtowardthemiddleofthe19th大眾陶瓷業(yè)在19世紀中葉得到了發(fā)展。determineV-TIfaparticularfactordeterminesthenatureofathingorevent,itcausestobeofaparticularkind.決定[正式Thesizeofthechickenpieceswilldeterminethecooking雞塊的大小決定烹飪時間。V-TTodetermineafactmeanstodiscoveritasaresultofinvestigation.[正式Theinvestigationwilldeterminewhatreally該將查明Expertssaytestingneedstobedoneoneachcontaminanttodeterminethelong-termeffectsonhumans.專家說需要對每種污染物進試，以查明對人類的長期影響determinationN- ...thegenewhichisresponsiblefor …決定的debatableADJIfyousaythatsomethingisdebatable,youmeanthatitisnotcertain.Itisdebatablewhetherornottheshareholderswereeverproperly股東們是否曾被合理補償還存在爭議。debateN-VARAdebateisadiscussionaboutasubjectonwhichpeoplehaveviews.Anintensedebateisgoingonwithinthe 一場激烈的爭論正在以色列內部進行Therehasbeenalotofdebateamongscholarsabout在學者中有很多關于此問題的辯論。N-COUNTAdebateisaformaldiscussion,forexample,inaparliamentorinstitution,inwhichpeopleexpressdifferentopinionsaboutaparticularsubjectandthenvoteonit.(議會投票前的)HeisexpectedtoadebateinCongressonhisimmigration他預期會推動一個關于他 的正式討論V-RECIPIfpeopledebateatopic,theydiscussitfairlyformally,forwardforwarddifferentviews.Youcanalsosaythat debatesatopicwith .TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilwilldebatetheissue今天將辯論該問題。ScientistsweredebatingwhetheranasteroidwasabouttohittheV-TIfyoudebatewhethertodosomethingorwhattodo,youthinkortalkaboutpossiblecoursesofactionbeforedecidingexactlywhatyouaregoingtodo.TaggartdebatedwhethertohaveyetanotherdoublevagueADJADJIfsomethingwrittenorspokenisvague,itdoesnot inorthingsclearly.AlotofthetalkwasapparentlyvagueandThedescriptionwasprettyvaguelyADV"I'mnotsure,"Lizsaid“我不能肯定，”含糊地說ADJIfyouhaveavaguememoryorideaofsomething,thememoryorideanotclear.Theyhaveonlyavagueideaoftheamountofwater他們對于可用水量只有一點模糊的了解。ADJADJIfyouarevagueaboutsomething,you ydo lmuchaboutit.Hewasvague,however,aboutjustwhatU.S.smightactually然而，他對 真正可能做什么卻含糊其辭ADJIfsomethingsuchasafeelingisvague,youexperienceitonlyslightly.(覺等)Hewasconsciousofthatvaguefeelingofirritation他又一次感到微微有些惱火。emotionalADJEmotionalmeansconcernedwithemotionsandfeelings. Ineededthisman'slove,andtheemotionalsupporthewasgivingme.我那時需要這個的愛，以及他當時給予我的情感支持emotionallyADV情感上地[ADVadj/-Areyousayingthat ingemotionallyinvolvedwith你是說你對我產生感情了嗎？ADJAnemotionalsituationorissueisonethatcausespeopletohavefeelings.Abortionisaveryemotional墮胎是個令人情緒十分激動的問題。emotionallyADV引起情緒激動地[ADVadj/-Inanemotionallychargedspeech,hesaidhewasADJIfsomeoneis esemotional,theyshowtheirfeelingsveryespeciallybecausetheyareupset.易情緒激動的;易動情的Heisaveryemotionalman.ADJ ideaorwayofthinkingisbasedongeneralideasratherthanonrealthingsandevents....startingwitha It'snotaquestionof conceptofADJADJInr,nounreferstoaqualityoridearatherthantophysicalobject.抽象的(名詞)[ADJ wordssuchasglory,honour,and artmakesuseofshapesandpatternsratherthanshowingpeopleorthings.抽象的(藝術A paintingtakesoveronecomplete一幅現代抽象畫占了整整一面墻。PHRASEPHRASEWhenyoutalkorthinkaboutsomethingin,youorthinkaboutitinageneralway,ratherthanconsideringparticularthingsevents.在抽象意義上Moneywasacommoditysheneverthoughtaboutexceptin 金錢是她從未具體想過的一種商品。N-COUNTAn isan workofart.抽象作品 sareheldinnumerouscollections.他的抽象畫被納入到很多收藏中。N-COUNTN-COUNTofan,orspeechisashortpiecewritingwritingthatgivesthemainpointsofItmightalsobenecessarytosupplyan ofthereviewoftheli aswell.可能也有必要提供這篇文學評論 codeN-COUNTAcodeisasetofrulesabouthowpeopleshouldbehaveorhowhowsomethingmustbe...Article159ofthestate'spenal…該國刑法第159N-COUNTN-COUNTAcodeisasystemof cingthewordsinamessagewithwordsorsymbols,sothatnobodycanunderstanditunlesstheyknow ;代碼[also'in'Theyusedelaboratesecretcodes,aswhenthenamesoftreesstoodfor他們用的是精心設計的，用樹木的名稱代表字母N-COUNTAcodeisagroupofnumbersorletterswhichisusedtosomething,suchasamailingaddressorpartofa ephonesystem.編號Callersdiallingthewrongareacodewillnotgetthrough. 的人撥錯區(qū)號 就接不通N-COUNTAcodeisanysystemofsignsorsymbolsthathasameaning.ItwillneedotherchipstoreconvertthedigitalcodebackintonormalTV需要用其他把數字代碼重新轉換成普通的電視信號N-COUNTN-COUNTThegeneticcodeof ,animal, ntisthecontainedinDNAwhichdeterminesthestructureandfunctionofcells,thetheinheritedcharacteristicsofallliving Scientistsprovidedthekeytounderstandingthegeneticcodethatdetermineseverybodilyfeature.科學家們提供了線索來了解決定每個身體特征的遺傳V-TTocodesomethingmeanstogiveitacodeortomarkitwithitscode.碼HedevisedawayofcodingeverystatementN-UNCOUNTComputercodeisasystemorlanguageforexpressinginformationandinstructionsinaformwhichcanbeunderstoodbyacomputer.(電子計算機的)編碼[計算機Shebeganwritingsoftwarecodeattheageof她9歲就開始寫軟件編碼。exposeV-TToexposesomethingthatisusuallyhiddenmeanstouncoveritsothatcanbeseen.LoweredsealevelsexposedtheshallowcontinentalshelfbeneaththeBering下降了的海平面使底的淺大陸架露了出來V-TV-TToexpose orsituationmeanstorevealthattheyarebadorimmoralimmoralinsome...thestoryofhowthepresshelpedexposethetruthabouttheNixon…關于界如何協 的V-TIfsomeoneisexposedtosomethingdangerousorunpleasant,theyareininasituationinwhichitmightaffectthem.于地TheyhadnotbeenexposedtomostdiseasescommontourbanAwisemotherneverexposesherchildrentotheslightestp