初一下冊英語知識點匯總

初一下冊英語知識點匯總一.整理與復(fù)習(xí)羅列一下我們在初一上學(xué)期學(xué)過東西，對我們初一下學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)是有好處。1.名詞全部格名詞如要表示與后面名詞所關(guān)于系，通慣用名詞全部格形式，意為"……"。通常有以下幾個形式：（1）.通常情況下在詞尾加's。比如：Kate'sfatherKate父親mymother'sfriend我媽媽朋友（2）.假如復(fù)數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾，加'，或加’s,哪種用得順手，就用哪個。比如：Teachers'Day教師節(jié)Theboys'games男孩們游戲（3）.假如復(fù)數(shù)名詞不以s結(jié)尾，仍加"'s"。比如：Children'sDay兒童節(jié)Women'sDay婦女節(jié)（4）.表示兩個或幾個共有時，全部格應(yīng)加在后一個名詞上。比如：LucyandLily'sroomLucy和Lily房間KateandJim'sfatherKate和Jim父親動物和無生命事物名詞全部格通常不在詞尾加"'s"，而常慣用介詞of短語來表示。amapofChina一幅中國地圖thenameofhercat她貓名字apictureofmyfamily我家庭一張照片thedoorofthebedroom臥室門(5)1.Lovetodosth.=lovedoingsth.2.Takeawalk=haveawalk3.enjoy:enjoydoingsth.Havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself.thebeginningof…..例：thisisbeginningofnewlife.*atthebeginningof+時間*atthebeginningof+時間therebe+人（物）+地點*Thereisadeskandtwochairsintheroom.*whatis(用單數(shù)提問)onthedesk?inhospital(住院)、ina(the)hospital（在醫(yī)院）例：Myuncleisill,soheisinhospital.talk: to*talkto=talkwith(與……交談)例:Ioftentalk mystudent.with*talkaboutsb.(sth.)談?wù)撃橙四呈?開始我們初一下學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)旅程吧！Unitone一．重點短語：1．befrom=comefrom來自于----2．livein居住在---解析：livein和liveat區(qū)分livein后面應(yīng)該加相對較大地方比如國家城市等如liveinChinaliveinWuhanliveai后面則是加相對較小比如說街道區(qū)等liveatGreenstreetliveatthisroad3．onweekends在周末解析：onweekends/attheweekends區(qū)分onweekends表示“每逢”周末.而通慣用attheweekends表示在周末4．writetosb=writealettertosb給某人寫信；寫信給某人5．intheworld在世界上inChina在中國6．penpal筆友14yearsold14歲favoritesubject最喜歡科目7．theUnitedStates美國theUnitedKingdom英國NewYork紐約8．speakEnglish講英語解析：speaksaytelltalk有何不一樣？speak意思是“說話”，作不及物動詞，通常指說話能力和方式，也有“演講，講話”之意；作及物動詞時，其后賓語多是表示語言名詞。speakto常表示“同……說話”。Say意思是“說”，強調(diào)說話內(nèi)容。比如：--"Whatareyousaying?"“你在說什么？”Talk意思是“談”，與介詞to或with連用表示“與…交談”，與介詞about或of連用表示“談?wù)摗瓋?nèi)容”。比如：MayItalktoyou?我能夠和你談一談嗎？tell意思是“講”、“告訴”，作及物動詞，意為“講述”、“告訴”，指把一件事或一個故事講出來，有連續(xù)述說意思，如：tellthetruth（說實話）。likeanddislike愛憎9．gotothemovies去看電影解析：seeamovie/gotothemovies/seeafilm都是去看電影意思。playsports做運動解析：play+運動playsoccerplaytennisplaysportsplaythe+樂器playtheguitarplaywith…和某人＼物玩耍二．重點句式：1Where’syourpenpalfrom?=Wheredoesyourpenpalfrom/2Wheredoeshelive?3Whatlanguage(s)doeshespeak?4IwantapenpalinChina.5IcanspeakEnglishandalittleFrench.6Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself.7Canyouwritetomesoon?8Ilikegoingtothemovieswithmyfriendsandplayingsports.三．本單元國家，人民、語言對應(yīng)。1Canada----Canadian----English/French2France------French------French3Japan------Japanese----Japanese4Australia----Australian-----English5theUnitedStates------American----English6theUnitedKingdom---British-----EnghishUnit2Where’sthepostoffice?一．Askingways:(問路)1．Whereis(thenearest)……？（最近）……在哪里？2．Canyoutellmethewayto……？你能告訴我去……路嗎？3．HowcanIgetto……？我怎樣抵達……呢？4．Isthere……nearhere/intheneighborhood?附近有……嗎？5．Whichisthewayto……？哪條是去……路？二．Showingtheways:（指路）1.Gostraightdown/alongthisstreet.沿著這條街一直走。2.Turnleftatthesecondturning.在第二個路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。3.Youwillfinditonyourright.你會在你右手邊發(fā)覺它。4.Itisaboutonehundredmetresfromhere.離這里大約一百米遠。5.You’dbettertakeabus.你最好坐公交車去。（You’dbetter+動詞原形）三．詞組1.acrossfrom……在……對面acrossfromthebank在銀行對面2.nextto……緊靠……nexttothesupermarket緊靠超市3.between……and……在……和……之間/among解析：betweentheparkandthezoo在公園和動物園之間among表示位于三者或三者以上之間4.infrontof……和inthefrontof……解析：infrontof……在……前面Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.課室前面有棵樹。inthefrontof……在……（內(nèi)）前部Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.課室內(nèi)前部有張桌子。5.behind……在……后面behindmyhouse在我家后面6.turnleft/right向左/右拐解析：ontheleft/rightof……在某物左/右邊ontheleftofourschool在我們學(xué)校左邊onone’sleft/right在某人左/右邊onmyleft在我左邊7.gostraight一直走8.down/along……沿著……（街道）down/alongCenterStreet沿著中央街9.intheneighborhood=nearhere在附近10welcometo……歡迎來到……11.take/haveawalk散步12.thebeginningof…………開始,前端解析：atthebeginningof……/inthebeginningatthebeginningof……在……開始,前端inthebeginning起初，一開始13.havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得開心，過得愉快我昨天玩得很開心。Ihadfunyesterday.Ihadagoodtimeyesterday.Ienjoyedmyselfyesterday.14.haveagoodtrip旅途愉快15.takeataxi坐出租車16.抵達：getto+地方gethere/there/home到這/那/家解析：arrivein/arriveat/reach區(qū)分arrivein+大地方IarriveinBeijing.arriveat+小地方Iarriveatthebank.reach+地方17．goacross從物體表面橫過goacrossthestreet橫過馬路解析：goacross/gothroughgothrough從空間穿過gothroughtheforest穿過樹林18．on+街道名稱。Eg:onCenterStreet解析：at+詳細門牌號+街道名稱Eg:at6CenterStreet三．重難點解析1．enjoydoingsth享受做某事樂趣，喜愛做某事Ienjoyreading.我喜愛讀書。解析：enjoydoing/finishdoing到現(xiàn)在為止，我們學(xué)了兩個特殊動詞finish和enjoy，都是要帶doing.Ifinishcleaningtheroom.我掃完了這間屋子。2．hopetodosth希望做某事Ihopetopassthisexam.我希望經(jīng)過這次考試。解析：hope+從句Ihopetomorrowwillbefine.我希望明天將會晴朗。（從句即是一個小句子，這個小句子又放在大句子中，隸屬于大句子，所以叫從句。如tomorrowwillbefine是一個從句，它又放在Ihope后面，形成句中有句。）3.if引導(dǎo)一個表示假設(shè)句子。解析：IfIhavemuchmoney,Iwillgotothemoon.假如我有許多錢，我就會去月球。Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuysomefoodinthesupermarket.假如你餓了話，你能夠在超市買一些食物。四．本單元反義詞、近義詞配對1new—old2quiet---busy3dirty---clean4big----smallUnit3Whydoyoulikekoalabears?一．重點詞組eatgrasseatleavesbequietveryshyverysmartverycuteplaywithherfriendskindofSouthAfricaotheranimalsatnightinthedayeverydayduringtheday二.交際用語1.Whydoyoulikepandas?Becausethey’reveryclever.2.Whydoeshelikekoalas?Becausethey’rekindofinteresting.3.Wherearelionsfrom?TheyarefromSouthAfrica.4.Whatotheranimalsdoyoulike?Ilikedogs,too.Why?Becausethey’refriendlyandclever.5.Mollylikestoplaywithherfriendsandeatgrass.6.She’sveryshy.7.HeisfromAustralia.8．Hesleepsduringtheday,butatnighthegetsupandeatsleaves.9．Heusuallysleepsandrelaxes20hourseveryday.10．Let’sseethepandasfirst.11．They’rekindofinteresting.12．Whatotheranimalsdoyoulike?13．Whydoyouwanttoseethelions?三.重點難點釋義1、kindof有點，稍微解析：Koalabearsarekindofshy.考拉有點害羞。kind還有“種類”意思如：各種各樣allkindsofWehaveallkindsofbeautifulflowersinourschool.2、Chinan.中國African.非洲解析：China和Africa都是專有名詞，首字母都應(yīng)該大寫，而且和介詞in連用。TherearemanykindsoftigersinChina.TherearemanykindsofscaryanimalsinAfrica.3、friendlyadj.友好，和善可親解析：它是名詞friend形容詞形式，經(jīng)常和be動詞連用,befriendly。ThepeopleinChengduareveryfriendly.4、withprep.跟，同，和…在一起Iusuallyplaychesswithmyfather.解析：注意區(qū)分與and使用方法，and通慣用于連接主語或賓語，連接主語時，假如有I,I通常放在and之后，如：MyfatherandIusuallyplaychesstogether.Playwith“和…一起玩?！薄巴妗盜oftenplaywithmypetdog.Don’tplaywithwater!5、解析：day和night是一對反義詞，day表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。通常說intheday,duringtheday,atnight。Koalabearsoftensleepduringthedayandeatleavesatnight.6、leafn.葉子解析：復(fù)數(shù)形式為：leaves,類似改變還有：wife—wives,wolf—wolves,knife—knives等。7、hourn.小時；點鐘解析：hour前邊通常加上冠詞an表示“一個小時”，即：anhour。Thereare24hoursinadayand60minutesinanhour.8、befrom來自…befrom=comefromPandasarefromChina.=PandascomeformChina.9、meatn.（食用）肉，為不可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”時，使用much來修飾，即：muchmeatHeeatsmuchmeateveryday.10、grassn.草，為不可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”時，使用much來修飾，即：muchgrass。Thereismuchgrassontheplayground.四.語法知識特殊疑問句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“howold”、“howmany”等開頭，對某一詳細問題進行提問。特殊疑問句基本組成有兩種情況：1.疑問句+通常疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)。這是最常見情況。比如：What’syourgrandfather’stelephonenumber?你爺爺電話號碼是多少？Whoisthatboywithbigeyes?那個大眼睛男孩是誰？Whichseasondoyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪個季節(jié)？Whenishegoingtoplaythepiano?他什么時候彈鋼琴？Wheredoeshelive?他住在哪兒？Howareyou?你好嗎？Howoldareyou?你多大了？Howmanybrothersandsistersdoyouhave?你有幾個弟兄姐妹？2.疑問句+陳說句結(jié)構(gòu)。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。比如：Whoisondutytoday?今天誰值日？Whichmanisyourteacher?哪位男士是你老師？我們學(xué)過What/Howabout+名詞/代詞+其余？也是特殊疑問句，它是一個省略結(jié)構(gòu)。比如：IlikeEnglish.What/Howaboutyou?我喜歡英語。你呢？Whataboutplayingbasketball?打籃球怎么樣？Unit4Iwanttobeanactor.一．短語：1wanttodosth想要作某事2givesbsth=givesthtosb給某人某物/把某物給某人3helpsbdosth幫助某人作某事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherdosomehouseworkathome.4helpsbwithsth幫助某人謀事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherwithsomehouseworkathome5intheday在白天6atnight在晚上7talkwith/tosb和----談話8bebusydoingsth忙于做某事Eg:Heisbusylisteningtotheteacher.9inahospital在醫(yī)院l10work/studyhard努力工作11EveningNewspaper晚報解析：提問人追問-02-1115:00我只需要每單元詞組，能給我嗎，我多給點分，拜托拜托，這學(xué)期我英語成績落下來了，想補補回答人補充-02-1115:06二．重點句式及注意事項：1問詢職業(yè)特殊疑問詞是what；有三種主要句式①What+is/are+sb?②What+does/do+sb+do?③What+is/are+名詞全部格/形容詞性物主代詞+job?2Peoplegivemetheirmoneyorgettheirmoneyfromme.3SometimesIworkinthedayandsometimesatnight.4Iliketalkingtopeople.5Iworklate.I’mverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodinners.6Wheredoesyoursisterwork?7thenwehaveajobforyouasawaiter.8Doyouwanttoworkforamagazine?Thencomeandworkforusasareporter.9Doyouliketoworkeveningsandweekends?10Weareaninternationalschoolforchildrenof5-12.三．本單元中名詞復(fù)數(shù)。1policeman---policemen2womandoctor-----womendoctors3thief-----thievesUnit5I’mwatchingTV一．現(xiàn)在進行時Ⅰ現(xiàn)在進行時使用方法表示現(xiàn)在（說話瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生動作Ⅱ現(xiàn)在進行時時間狀語及標(biāo)志性詞①now現(xiàn)在②atthistime在這時③atthemoment現(xiàn)在④look看（后面有顯著“！”）⑤listen聽（后面有顯著“！”）Ⅲ現(xiàn)在分詞組成①通常在動詞結(jié)尾處加ingEg:go—goinglook--looking②以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾動詞，去e加ing。Eg:write—writingclose--closing③以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾動詞，假如末尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫這個字母，再加ing.Eg:get—gettingrun—running(swim,run,put,get,sit,begin)Ⅳ現(xiàn)在進行時組成必定句:主語+am/is/are+doing+其余+時狀.Eg:Heisdoinghishomeworknow.否定句：主語+am/is/are+not+doing+其余+時狀.Eg:Heisnotdoinghishomeworknow.通常疑問句：Am/Is/Are+主語+doing+其余+時狀？Eg:Ishedoinghishomeworknow?必定回答：Yes,主語+am/is/areEgYes,heis.否定回答：No,主語+amnot/isn’t/aren’tEg:No,heisn’t.二．短語：1．doone’shomework做某人作業(yè)dohousework做家務(wù)2．talkonthephone在電話里交談，講電話解析：talkabout……談?wù)摗璽alkto(with)sb和某人交談3．writealetter寫信writealettertosb給某人寫信4．playwith……和……一起玩5．watchTV看電視TVshow電視節(jié)目6．waitforsb/sth等候某人/某物7．someof…………中一些8．inthefirstphoto在第一張照片里（介詞用in,序數(shù)詞前面有the）解析：inthelastphoto在最終一張照片里aphotoofone’sfamily某人家庭照片9．a(chǎn)tthemall在購物街解析：at/inthelibrary在圖書室at/inthepool在游泳池10．readabook=readbooks=dosomereading看書＼閱讀11．thanksfor=thankyoufor為某事而感激（后接動詞要用v－ing）三．重點句式及注意事項：1．他正在干什么？Whatishedoing?解析：他正在吃飯。Heiseatingdinner.他正在哪里吃飯？Whereisheeatingdinner?他正在家里吃飯。Heiseatingdinnerathome.2．你想什么時候去？Whendoyouwanttogo?讓我們六點鐘去吧。Let’sgoatsixo’clock.3．他正在等什么？Whatishewaitingfor?他正在等公交車。Heiswaitingforabus.4．他們正在和誰說話？Whoaretheytalkingwith?他們正在和MissWu說話。TheyaretalkingwithMissWu.5．你們正在談?wù)撌裁?？Whatareyoutalkingabout?我們正在談?wù)撎鞖狻earetalkingabouttheweather.6．他們都正在去上學(xué)。Theyareallgoingtoschool.7．這兒是一些我照片。Herearesomeofmyphotos.這兒是一些肉。Hereissomeofmeat.(someofmeat不可數(shù)，故用is)8．謝謝你幫我買這本書。Thankyouforhelpingmebuythisbook.9．family家；家庭。強調(diào)“整體”，是單數(shù)；強調(diào)“組員”時，是復(fù)數(shù)。Hisfamilyhasashower.他們家有一個淋浴。HisfamilyarewatchingTV.他全家在看電視。Unit6It’sraining!一．短語：1takephotos/pictures照像2takephotos/picturesofsb/sth給某人或某物攝影3haveagoodtime＼havefun\haveagreattame玩得愉快4workforsb/sth為某人工作Eg:YuanYuanworksforCCTV’sAroundTheWorldshow5onvacation度假Eg:Therearemanypeoplehereonvacation.6解析：some----others---一些．．．．．另外一些．．．．．one……theothers…….一個．．．．另一個．．．．（二者之間）Eg:Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.Somearewriting,othersarereading.7解析：puton穿上（動作）wear穿著（狀態(tài)）Eg:Tomisputtingonhiscoatnow.8onthebeach在沙灘上Eg:Tomandhisfamilyareplayingonthebeachatthismoment.9thisgroupofpeople這一群人10.inthisheat二．重點句型1．Howistheweather?天氣怎么樣？Intheraining.在下雨。2．Whatareyoudoing?你正在做什么？I'mwatchingTV.我在看電視。3．Whataretheydoing?他們在做什么？Theyarestudying.他們在學(xué)習(xí)。4．Whatishedoing?他在做什么？Heisplayingbasketball.他在打籃球。5．Whatisshedoing?她在做什么？Sheiscooking.她在做飯。三．重難點解析1問詢天氣情況句式：(橫線內(nèi)容可替換)①HowistheweatherinBeijing?(Howistheweathertoday?)②What’stheweatherlikeinBeijing?(What’stheweatherliketoday?)2回答上面問題句式：①It’s+adj.(形容詞)Eg:It’swindy.3How’sitgoing(withyou)?①Notbad.②Great!③Terrible!④Prettygood.4ThankyouforjoiningCCTV’sAroundTheWordshow.5Iamsurprisedtheycanplayinthisheat.6Everyoneishavingagoodtime.7Peoplearewearinghatsandscarfs.①wear指穿衣服狀態(tài)。②puton指穿衣服動作。四．談?wù)撎鞖馊諔T用語1.It’ssunny/rainy/cloudy.今天是晴天/雨天/陰天。2.Lovelyweather,isn’tit?天氣真好，是嗎？3.Itlookslikerain.看起來要下雨。4.It’srainingcatsanddogs.正是瓢潑大雨。5.Itseemstobecleaningup.天似乎要轉(zhuǎn)晴。6.It’sblowinghard.風(fēng)刮得很大。7.It’ssnowingheavily.正在下大雪。8.Thesnowwon’tlastlong.雪不會連續(xù)太久。9.It’sveryfoggy.霧很大。10.Thefogisbeginningtolift.正在收霧。11.It’sthunderingandlightening.雷電交加。12.What’stheweatherliketoday?今天天氣怎么樣？13.What’stheweatherreportfortomorrow?天氣預(yù)報明天怎么樣？14.It’squitedifferentfromtheweatherreport.這和天氣預(yù)報相差很大。15.It’sratherchangeable.天氣改變無常。16.What’sthetemperature?溫度是多少？17.It’stwobelowzero.零下二度。18.Thetemperaturehasdroppedalottoday.今天溫度低多了。Unit7Whatdoeshelooklike?一．短語1looklike看起來像....2curly/short/straight/longhair卷／短／直發(fā)3mediumheight/build中等高度／身體4alittlebit一點兒…5apopsinger一位流行歌手6haveanewlook展現(xiàn)新面貌7goshopping(dosomeshopping)去購物8thecaptainofthebasketballteam籃球隊隊長9bepopularwithsb為---所喜愛10stoptodosth停下來去做某事11stopdoingsth停頓正在做事情12telljokes/stories講笑話/講故事13havefundoingsth愉快地做某事14remember(forget)todosth記得（忘記）做某事（沒有做）15remember(forget)doingsth記得（忘記）做過某事（已做）16oneof------中一個二．本單元重點句：1Isthatyourfriend?No,itisn’t.2Whatdoesshelooklike?3IthinkIknowher.(Idon’tthinkIknowher.)4WangLinisthecaptainofthebasketballteam.5She’salittlebitquiet.6XuQianlovestotelljokes.7Sheneverstopstalking.8Shelikesreadingandplayingchess.9Idon’tthinkhe’ssogreat.10Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.11Nowhehasanewlook.三．重難點解析1Whatdoes/do+主語+looklike?問詢某人外貌特征，看上去什么樣？Eg:Whatdoesyourfriendlooklike?2形容頭發(fā)時，可按照先長短，后曲直，最終說顏色次序說。Eg:Shehaslongcurlyblackhair.3oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞要用“單三”形式。Eg:Oneofhisfriendsisaworker.4不定代詞做主語時，謂語動詞要用“單三”形式。修飾不定代詞詞，應(yīng)該放在它后面．Eg:Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.5．Heis…(通常為形容詞，包含身高、體形等)Hehas…（通常為形容詞修飾名詞，包含頭發(fā)、五官）Hewears…（穿、戴、留。能夠是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也能夠是眼鏡、手表、胡須）6．Idon’tthink…使用方法表示否定看法Idon’tthinksheisgood-looking.Unit8I’dlikesomenoodles一．短語1．beefandtomatonoodles＼noodleswithbeefandtomato牛肉西紅柿面chickenandcabbagenoodlesmuttonandpotatonoodlestomatoandeggnoodlesbeefandcarrotnoodles2．wouldliketodosth\wanttodosth想要作某事3．whatkindofnoodles什么種類面條4．whatsizebowlofnoodles什么大小碗型面5．a(chǎn)large＼medium\smallbowlofnoodles大＼中＼小碗面6．icecream冰淇淋orangejuice桔汁greentea綠茶RMB人民幣phonenumber7．HouseofDumplings＼noodles餃子＼面館DessertHouse甜點屋二．重點句型1．Whatkindofvegetables\meat\drinkfoodwouldyoulike?I’dlike……I’dlikechi