課程實驗指導(dǎo)5-投影及課程信息管理系統(tǒng)C語言程序

課程實驗指導(dǎo)五實驗5投影1．實驗?zāi)康模毫私馔敢晥D投影原理，利用VC+OpenGL實現(xiàn)立方體的一點、兩點、三點透視圖算法。2．實驗內(nèi)容：理解投影原理；讀懂示范代碼；增加鍵盤控制，控制一點透視點產(chǎn)生正方體的移動、旋轉(zhuǎn)效果；實現(xiàn)兩點透圖效果。3．實驗原理：本次實驗內(nèi)容為繪制立方體的一點透視圖。透視投影按照主滅點的個數(shù)分為一點透視、二點透視和三點透視，如下圖1所示。滅點滅點滅點滅點滅點滅點滅點圖1立方體的三類透視其中一點透視情況如圖2所示，設(shè)z軸上有一觀察點（即視點）V(0,0,d)，從V點出發(fā)將物體上的點P(x,y,z)投影到XOY平面上得到P'(x',y',0)，由相似三角形可知一點透視變換矩陣為：圖2一點透視示意…………….(1)根據(jù)以上，可得一點透視變換的步驟如下：(1)將三維形體平移到適當位置lx、ly、lz；(2)令視點在z軸(0,0,d)，利用上述公式(1)進行透視變換；4．實驗代碼：//Projection.cpp:Definestheentrypointfortheconsoleapplication.//#include"stdafx.h"#include<GL/glut.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>structMatrix{doublep[4][4];Matrixoperator*(Matrix&);Matrix();//單位矩陣};Matrix::Matrix(){for(longi=0;i<4;i++){for(longj=0;j<4;j++){if(i==j)p[i][j]=1;elsep[i][j]=0;}}}MatrixMultiply(Matrix&m1,Matrix&m2){ Matrixm; for(inti=0;i<4;i++) for(intj=0;j<4;j++) for(intk=0;k<4;k++) m.p[i][j]+=(m1.p[i][k]*m2.p[k][j]); returnm;}structPt2D{ intx,y; Pt2D(){x=0;y=0;}; Pt2D(intpx,intpy){x=px;y=py;};};structPt3D{ floatx,y,z; Pt3D(){x=0;y=0;z=0;}; Pt3D(floatpx,floatpy,floatpz){x=px;y=py;z=pz;};};structFaceInfo{//第一列為每個面的頂點數(shù)；其余列為面的頂點編號 intnum,idx1,idx2,idx3,idx4; FaceInfo(){num=0;idx1=0;idx2=0;idx3=0;idx4=0;}; FaceInfo(intfnum,intfidx1,intfidx2,intfidx3,intfidx4) {num=fnum;idx1=fidx1;idx2=fidx2;idx3=fidx3;idx4=fidx4;};};doublelx=480,ly=460,lz=240;doublephi=0;doubled=-500;MatrixmT,mR,mP,mTemp,mA;Pt3DboxPt[8];Pt2DboxPt2d[8];FaceInfofInfo[6];voidInitParameter()//初始化參數(shù){mT.p[3][0]=lx;mT.p[3][1]=ly;mT.p[3][2]=lz;mR.p[0][0]=cos(phi);mR.p[0][2]=-sin(phi);mR.p[2][0]=sin(phi);mR.p[2][2]=cos(phi);mP.p[2][2]=0;mP.p[2][3]=-1/d;mTemp=Multiply(mT,mR); mA=Multiply(mTemp,mP); }voidProject(Pt3Dpt,Pt2D&pt2D)//透視變換{ doubleptH[4]; ptH[0]=pt.x;// ptH[1]=pt.y; ptH[2]=pt.z; ptH[3]=1; doubleres[4]; for(inti=0;i<4;i++) res[i]=0; for(i=0;i<4;i++) for(intj=0;j<4;j++) res[i]+=(ptH[j]*mA.p[j][i]); pt2D=Pt2D(res[0]/res[3],res[1]/res[3]); }voidLineGL(Pt2Dpt0,Pt2Dpt1){ glBegin(GL_LINES); glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);glVertex2f(pt0.x,pt0.y); glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);glVertex2f(pt1.x,pt1.y); glEnd();}intGetPtIdx(FaceInfofInfo,intptIdx){ intidx=0; switch(ptIdx) { case1: idx=fInfo.idx1; break; case2: idx=fInfo.idx2; break; case3: idx=fInfo.idx3; break; case4: idx=fInfo.idx4; break; default: break; } returnidx;}voidBoxProject(){ intptIdx; Pt2Dpt2D; for(intface=0;face<6;face++) { intnum=fInfo[face].num;//面的總邊數(shù) for(inti=0;i<num;i++)//邊循環(huán) { ptIdx=GetPtIdx(fInfo[face],i);//面的頂點號 Project(boxPt[ptIdx],pt2D); boxPt2d[ptIdx]=pt2D; } }}voidDrawBox(){ intptIdx[4]; for(intface=0;face<4;face++) { intnum=fInfo[face].num;//面的總頂點數(shù) for(inti=0;i<num;i++)//循環(huán) { ptIdx[i]=GetPtIdx(fInfo[face],i+1);//面的頂點號 } for(intj=0;j<4;j++) { intidx0=ptIdx[j]; intidx1=((j==3)?ptIdx[0]:ptIdx[j+1]); LineGL(boxPt2d[idx0],boxPt2d[idx1]); } }}voidmyDisplay(){ glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); InitParameter(); BoxProject(); DrawBox(); glutSwapBuffers();}voidInit(){ glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0); glShadeModel(GL_FLAT); printf("HelloCube!\n");}voidReshape(intw,inth){ glViewport(0,0,(GLsizei)w,(GLsizei)h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluOrtho2D(0.0,(GLdouble)w,0.0,(GLdouble)h);}voidkeyboard(unsignedcharkey,intx,inty){ switch(key) { case'x': break; default: break; }}voidReadPoint()//讀入8個頂點坐標{ floatbl=200;//boxlength boxPt[0]=Pt3D(-bl/2,-bl/2,-bl/2); boxPt[1]=Pt3D(-bl/2,bl/2,-bl/2); boxPt[2]=Pt3D(-bl/2,bl/2,bl/2); boxPt[3]=Pt3D(-bl/2,-bl/2,bl/2); boxPt[4]=Pt3D(bl/2,-bl/2,-bl/2); boxPt[5]=Pt3D(bl/2,bl/2,-bl/2); boxPt[6]=Pt3D(bl/2,bl/2,bl/2); boxPt[7]=Pt3D(bl/2,-bl/2,bl/2);}voidReadFace()//讀入6個面坐標{ fInfo[0]=FaceInfo(4,0,1,2,3); fInfo[1]=FaceInfo(4,0,3,7,4); fInfo[2]=FaceInfo(4,4,5,6,7); fInfo[3]=FaceInfo(4,5,1,2,6); fInfo[4]=FaceInfo(4,7,6,2,3); fInfo[5]=FaceInfo(4,4,5,1,0);}intmain(intargc,char*argv[]){ glutInit(&argc,argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DOUBLE); glutInitWindowPosition(100,100); glutInitWindowSize(640,480); glutCreateWindow("HelloWorld!"); ReadPoint(); ReadFace(); glutDisplayFunc(myDisplay); glutReshapeFunc(Reshape); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard); glutMainLoop(); return0;}5.思考題：請修改上述代碼，使之實現(xiàn)兩點透視圖。#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.h>typedefstruct { charnum[15];charname[20];charcredit[10];charclas[20];charteacher[20]; }student;studentpe[80];intmenu_select() { charc; do{ system("cls");printf("+---------------------------+\n");printf("||\n");printf("|歡迎使用課程信息管理系統(tǒng)|\n");printf("||\n");printf("+---------------------------+\n"); printf("\t\t*****課程信息管理系統(tǒng)*****\n"); printf("\t\t┌───────┐\n"); printf("\t\t│1.增加記錄│\n"); printf("\t\t│2.顯示記錄│\n"); printf("\t\t│3.查詢記錄│\n"); printf("\t\t│4.修改記錄│\n"); printf("\t\t│5.刪除記錄│\n"); printf("\t\t│6.存儲記錄│\n"); printf("\t\t│0.退出程序│\n"); printf("\t\t└───────┘\n"); printf("\t\t請您選擇(0-6):"); c=getchar(); }while(c<'0'||c>'6'); return(c-'0'); }intInput(studentper[],intn){ inti=0; charsign,x[10]; while(sign!='n'&&sign!='N') { printf("\t課程編號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].num); printf("\t課程名稱:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].name); printf("\t學(xué)分:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].clas); printf("\t任課教師:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].teacher); gets(x); printf("\n\t是否繼續(xù)添加?(Y/N)"); scanf("\t%c",&sign); i++; } return(n+i);}voidDisplay(studentper[],intn){ inti; printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");/*格式*/ printf("課程編號課程名稱學(xué)分選修課號任課教師\n"); printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); for(i=1;i<n+1;i++) { printf("%-12s%-12s%-15s%-18s%s\n",per[i-1].num,per[i-1].name,per[i-1].credit,per[i-1].clas,per[i-1].teacher); if(i>1&&i%10==0) { printf("\t-----------------------------------------\n"); printf("\t"); system("pause"); printf("\t-----------------------------------------\n"); } } printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); system("pause");}intDelete_a_record(studentper[],intn)//刪除學(xué)生記錄函數(shù){ chars[20]; inti=0,j; printf("\t請輸入想刪除記錄中的課程編號:"); scanf("%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].num,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有此科目!\n"); return(n); } for(j=i;j<n-1;j++) { strcpy(per[j].num,per[j+1].num); strcpy(per[j].name,per[j+1].name); strcpy(per[j].credit,per[j+1].credit); strcpy(per[j].clas,per[j+1].clas); strcpy(per[j].teacher,per[j+1].teacher); } printf("\t\t\t已經(jīng)成功刪除!\n"); return(n-1);}voidQuery_a_record(studentper[],intn)//查詢學(xué)生記錄{ intm; printf("\t\n請選擇查詢方式:\n");printf("\t┌─────----─┐\n");printf("\t│1------課程編號│\n");printf("\t│2------課程名稱│\n");printf("\t│3------返回│\n");printf("\t└───--─--──┘\n");printf("請選擇:");scanf("%d",&m);while(m!=1&&m!=2&&m!=3){ printf("輸入錯誤，請重新選擇:"); scanf("%d",&m); } if(m==1)//按課程編號查詢 { chars[20]; inti=0; printf("\t請輸入想查詢的課程編號:"); scanf("\t%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].num,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有這個科目!\n"); return; } printf("\t課程名稱:%s\n",per[i].name); printf("\t學(xué)分:%s\n",per[i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:%s\n",per[i].clas);printf("\t任課教師:%s\n",per[i].teacher); }; if(m==2)//按課程名稱查詢 { chars[20]; inti=0; printf("\t請輸入想查詢的課程名稱:"); scanf("\t%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].name,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有該科目!\n"); return; } printf("\t課程編號%s\n",per[i].num); printf("\t學(xué)分:%s\n",per[i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:%s\n",per[i].clas);printf("\t任課教師:%s\n",per[i].teacher); }; }voidChange(studentper[],intn)//修改課程記錄{ chars[20]; inti=0; printf("\t請輸入想修改的課程信息管理系統(tǒng)中的課程編號:"); scanf("%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].num,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有該科目!\n"); return; } printf("\t課程編號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].num); printf("\t課程名稱:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].name); printf("\t學(xué)分:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].clas); printf("\t任課教師:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].teacher); printf("\t修改成功！");}voidWritetoText(studentper[],intn){ inti=0; FILE*fp;//定義文件指針 charfilenum[20];//定義文件名 printf("\t保存到文件\n");//輸入文件名 printf("\t請輸入所保存的文件名:"); scanf("\t%s",filenum); if((fp=fopen(filenum,"w"))==NULL) { printf("\t無法打開文件\n"); system("pause"); return; } fprintf(fp,"******************************************課程信息管理系統(tǒng)**********************************\n"); fprintf(fp,"課程編號課程名稱學(xué)分選修課號任課教師\n"); fprintf(fp,"------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); while(i<=n) { fprintf(fp,"%-10s%-10s%-15s%-18s%%s\n",per[i-1].num,per[i-1].name,per[i-1].credit,per[i-1].clas,per[i-1].teacher); i++; } fprintf(fp,"------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); fprintf(fp,"***************************************共有%d條記錄****************************************\n",n); fclose(fp);/*關(guān)閉文件*/ printf("成功保存!!!\n");}intmain(){ intn=0; for(;;) { switch(menu_select()) { case1: printf("\n\t請增加記錄到系統(tǒng)\n"); n=Input(pe,n); break; case2: printf("\n\t\t\t課程信息管理系統(tǒng)記錄表\n"); Display(pe,n); break; case5: printf("\n\t從系統(tǒng)中刪除記錄\n"); n=Delete_a_record(pe,n); printf("\t"); system("pause"); break; case3: printf("\n\t在系統(tǒng)中查找記錄\n"); Query_a_record(pe,n); printf("\t"); system("pause"); break; case4: printf("\n\t修改系統(tǒng)中的記錄\n"); Change(pe,n); printf("\t"); system("pause"); break; case6: printf("\n\t保存功能\n"); WritetoText(pe,n); printf("\t"); system("pause"); break; case0: printf("\n\t\t謝謝您的使用，歡迎下次再來!!再見!!\n"); printf("\n\t\t"); system("pause"); exit(0); } }return0;}#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>structlink{ charcno[10],cname[10],cforecourse[10],cunitno[10],cunitname[10]; intia; structlink*next;};structlink*head;intmenu(){ intii; printf("pleasechooseanumber:\n"); printf("******************************************:\n"); printf("1:create:\n"); printf("2:search:\n"); printf("3:delete:\n"); printf("4:view:\n"); printf("5:quit:\n"); printf("******************************************:\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\n"); scanf("%d",&ii); returnii;}structlinkcreate(){ inticount,ij=1; structlink*p,*new; while(1) { if(icount) {printf("輸入頭結(jié)點"); } new=(structlink*)malloc(sizeof(structlink)); printf("inputthecourseno:\n"); scanf("%s",new->cno); printf("inputthecourse:\n"); scanf("%s",new->cname); printf("inputtheforecourse:\n"); scanf("%s",new->cforecourse); printf("inputthecoursegrade:\n"); scanf("%d",&new->ia); printf("inputtheunitno.grade:\n"); scanf("%s",new->cunitno); printf("inputtheunitname:\n"); scanf("%s",new->cunitname); new->next=NULL; if(icount) { head=new; p=new; printf("thefistaddsuccess:\n"); getchar(); getchar(); icount=0; } else { p->next=new; printf("\n"); p=p->next; printf("addsuccess:\n"); printf("\n"); getchar(); } printf("input0toendinput:\n"); scanf("%d",&ij); if(ij==0) { break; } } }structlinksearch(){ structlink*p;charckeyname[10]; p=head; printf("pleaseinputthenameyouwanttoview:\n"); scanf("%s",ckeyname); while(strcmp(ckeyname,p->cname)!=0&&p->next!=NULL) { p=p->next; } if(p->next==NULL) { printf("nothisposition:\n"); } else { printf("foundit:\n"); printf("%s,%s,%s,%d,%s,%s",p->cno,p->cname,p->cforecourse,p->ia,p->cunitno,p->cunitname); }}structlinkdelete(){ structlink*p,*q,*r;charckeyname[10]; r=head; p=r->next; q=p->next; printf("pleaseinputthenameyouwanttodel:\n"); scanf("%s",ckeyname); while(strcmp(ckeyname,p->cname)!=0&&r->next!=NULL) { r=r->next; p=p->next; q=q->next; } if(r->next==NULL) { printf("nothisposition:\n"); } else { printf("foundit:\n"); printf("%s,%s,%s,%d,%s,%s",p->cno,p->cname,p->cforecourse,p->ia,p->cunitno,p->cunitname); r->next=p->next; printf("deletesuccess:\n"); getchar(); getchar(); } }voidoutput(){ structlink*p,*q; p=head; p=p->next; q=head; if(q->next==NULL) { printf("norecord:\n"); } else { while(p->next) { printf("%s,%s,%s,%d,%s,%s",p->cno,p->cname,p->cforecourse,p->ia,p->cunitno,p->cunitname); printf("\n"); p=p->next; } printf("%s,%s,%s,%d,%s,%s",p->cno,p->cname,p->cforecourse,p->ia,p->cunitno,p->cunitname); }}voidquit(){ exit(0);}voidmain(){ intia=1; head=NULL; while(ia!=5) { ia=menu(); switch(ia) { case1:create();break; case2:search();break; case3:delete();break; case4:output();break; case5:quit();break; default:printf("inputwrong:\n"); } }}#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.h>typedefstruct { charnum[15];charname[20];charcredit[10];charclas[20];charteacher[20]; }student;studentpe[80];intmenu_select() { charc; do{ system("cls");printf("\n");printf("\n");printf("歡迎使用課程信息管理系統(tǒng)\n");printf("\n");printf("\n"); printf("課程信息管理系統(tǒng)\n"); printf("\n"); printf("1.增加記錄\n"); printf("2.顯示記錄\n"); printf("3.查詢記錄\n"); printf("4.修改記錄\n"); printf("5.刪除記錄\n"); printf("6.存儲記錄\n"); printf("0.退出程序\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t請您選擇(0-6):"); c=getchar(); }while(c<'0'||c>'6'); return(c-'0'); }intInput(studentper[],intn){ inti=0; charsign,x[10]; while(sign!='n'&&sign!='N') { printf("\t課程編號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].num); printf("\t課程名稱:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].name); printf("\t學(xué)分:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].clas); printf("\t任課教師:"); scanf("\t%s",per[n+i].teacher); gets(x); printf("\n\t是否繼續(xù)添加?(Y/N)"); scanf("\t%c",&sign); i++; } return(n+i);}voidDisplay(studentper[],intn){ inti; printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");/*格式*/ printf("課程編號課程名稱學(xué)分選修課號任課教師\n"); printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); for(i=1;i<n+1;i++) { printf("%-12s%-12s%-15s%-18s%s\n",per[i-1].num,per[i-1].name,per[i-1].credit,per[i-1].clas,per[i-1].teacher); if(i>1&&i%10==0) { printf("\t-----------------------------------------\n"); printf("\t"); system("pause"); printf("\t-----------------------------------------\n"); } } printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); system("pause");}intDelete_a_record(studentper[],intn)//刪除學(xué)生記錄函數(shù){ chars[20]; inti=0,j; printf("\t請輸入想刪除記錄中的課程編號:"); scanf("%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].num,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有此科目!\n"); return(n); } for(j=i;j<n-1;j++) { strcpy(per[j].num,per[j+1].num); strcpy(per[j].name,per[j+1].name); strcpy(per[j].credit,per[j+1].credit); strcpy(per[j].clas,per[j+1].clas); strcpy(per[j].teacher,per[j+1].teacher); } printf("\t\t\t已經(jīng)成功刪除!\n"); return(n-1);}voidQuery_a_record(studentper[],intn)//查詢學(xué)生記錄{ intm; printf("\t\n請選擇查詢方式:\n");printf("\\n");printf("1------課程編號\n");printf("2------課程名稱\n");printf("3------返回\n");printf("\n");printf("請選擇:");scanf("%d",&m);while(m!=1&&m!=2&&m!=3){ printf("輸入錯誤，請重新選擇:"); scanf("%d",&m); } if(m==1)//按課程編號查詢 { chars[20]; inti=0; printf("\t請輸入想查詢的課程編號:"); scanf("\t%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].num,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有這個科目!\n"); return; } printf("\t課程名稱:%s\n",per[i].name); printf("\t學(xué)分:%s\n",per[i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:%s\n",per[i].clas);printf("\t任課教師:%s\n",per[i].teacher); }; if(m==2)//按課程名稱查詢 { chars[20]; inti=0; printf("\t請輸入想查詢的課程名稱:"); scanf("\t%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].name,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有該科目!\n"); return; } printf("\t課程編號%s\n",per[i].num); printf("\t學(xué)分:%s\n",per[i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:%s\n",per[i].clas);printf("\t任課教師:%s\n",per[i].teacher); }; }voidChange(studentper[],intn)//修改課程記錄{ chars[20]; inti=0; printf("\t請輸入想修改的課程信息管理系統(tǒng)中的課程編號:"); scanf("%s",s); while(strcmp(per[i].num,s)!=0&&i<n)i++; if(i==n) { printf("\t系統(tǒng)中沒有該科目!\n"); return; } printf("\t課程編號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].num); printf("\t課程名稱:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].name); printf("\t學(xué)分:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].credit); printf("\t選修課號:"); scanf("\t%s",per[i].clas); pr