初中英語語法非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞2021/5/91初中英語非謂語動詞知識點總結(jié):

非謂語動詞主要指在句中不能充當謂語，而是充當其他語法功能的動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞又統(tǒng)稱為動詞的-ing形式。非謂語動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.

在中考中，對不定式和動名詞的考查最多，尤其是疑問詞+不定式，不定式作賓補，及只能用動詞-ing形式作賓語的情況?？疾樾问酵ǔ閱芜x、句型轉(zhuǎn)化、完成句子等。2021/5/92非謂語動詞動詞不定式動名詞分詞replay2021/5/93動詞不定式基本形式及特點用法注意事項返回主頁2021/5/94動詞不定式（1）基本形式：

to+動詞原形（在某些情況下可以不帶to）（2）特點：

A.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化B.可以有自己的賓語和狀語

返回主頁2021/5/95動詞不定式(3)用法：A、作主語，如Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.

注意：不定式短語作主語如果太長，常用it作形式主語，將不定式后置。除動詞be外，動詞take也常用于上述結(jié)構(gòu)。B、作表語，如Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.返回主頁2021/5/96動詞不定式作賓語C、動詞+todo(下面的11個動詞必須準確記憶）動詞+疑問詞+todo

動詞+it(形式賓語）+賓補+todo常見動詞有agree,decide,fail（失敗）,hope,wish,want,plan，promise(發(fā)誓）,seem（似乎）,expect（期望）,happen（todo碰巧）Idon’tknowwhattodo.IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.返回主頁2021/5/97動詞不定式D、作賓補動詞+賓語+todo

動詞+賓語+doLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動詞有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg（乞求）,invite,warn（警告）,allow（允許）,encourage（鼓勵）,advise（建議）等。(不帶to的不定式)

注：常用的動詞是：感官動詞see,hear,feel,watch,notice用于often的句中；使役動詞have,make,let.返回主頁2021/5/98E、作狀語可以表目的、表結(jié)果、表原因F、作定語（必須后置）動詞不定式返回主頁Ihavesomethingtosay.It’sthebestwaytohelphim.Marryopenedthedoorforhimtocomein(目的）

.2021/5/99大家來說說什么情況下用do（動詞原形）?1、hadbetter后2、使讓動詞make,let,have用于主動語態(tài)時。3、感官動詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice用在“經(jīng)?！钡闹鲃诱Z態(tài)時。4、please的后面5、Whynot/Whydon’tyou后6、情態(tài)動詞之后。2021/5/910注意：

在學習動詞不定式的時候還有兩點要注意哦！1、在感官動詞和使役動詞后作賓補時，不定式可省略to,但以上詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要加上to,如Ialwayssawherplaytheviolin.Hewasmade

towork12hoursaday.返回主頁2021/5/9112、動詞不定式的否定形式為：

not+todoMr.Smithaskedtheboy___________(notplay)thiskindofgame.

nottoplayPleasehavehim__________(notdo)somuchhousework.

notdo返回主頁2021/5/912在“Itis+形容詞+ofsb+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind,clever,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,impolite,honest,naughty等。在“Itis+形容詞+forsb+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞通常表示事物的性質(zhì)，如important,possible,impossible,difficult,hard等。

比較

ItisgoodofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.

你真好，幫助我學英語。

(強調(diào)you的特征=Youaregoodtohelpme.)

Itisgoodforyoutogiveupsmoking.

戒煙對你有好處。

(強調(diào)的是giveupsmoking這一行為=Foryoutogiveupsmokingisgood.)

Itis+形容詞+for/ofsb+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)2021/5/913動名詞基本形式及特征用法注意返回主頁2021/5/914動名詞基本形式特點動詞原形+ing具有名詞、動詞的一些特征。返回主頁2021/5/915動名詞用法1、作主語Pickingapplesismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.2、作賓語（1）只能接動名詞做賓語的動詞有miss（錯過）,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,spend,suggest（建議）等。返回主頁2021/5/916動名詞（2）既可接動詞不定式又可接動名詞作賓語的動詞有兩類：意義區(qū)分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,

prefer（更喜歡）

等。a.意義不同：remember,forget,stop,goon,

try

等b.返回主頁2021/5/917動名詞3、作表語Hisfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.

4、作定語

finishingline（終點線）返回主頁2021/5/918注意兩點1、動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞所有格形容詞性物主代詞+動名詞Doyoumind_________thewindow?metoopenb.Iopenc.myopeningd.mineopeningc返回主頁2021/5/9192、動名詞的習慣用語：a.It’snousedoingsth.b.can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事。c.feellikedoingsth.d.bebusydoingsth.e.Nodoing返回主頁2021/5/920動名詞和不定式的用法區(qū)別：無論做什么成分：

動名詞都表示“正在”或“一貫”不定式表示“一次”或“將要”2021/5/921分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞返回主頁2021/5/922現(xiàn)在分詞基本形式：動詞原形+ing過去分詞基本形式：規(guī)則動詞加ed

或不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞developingcountrydevelopedcountry返回主頁2021/5/923現(xiàn)在分詞用法及意義：1，表示正在進行2，表示伴隨狀態(tài)過去分詞用法及意義：作定語：1，前置定語表示已經(jīng)完成

2，后置定語表示被動2021/5/924HaveaHaveaTRest?est?返回主頁2021/5/925listentoasongandhavearestHidingfromtherainandsnow

TryingtoforgetbutIwon’tletgo

Lookingatacrowdedstreet

Listeningtomyownheartbeat

Somanypeopleallaroundtheworld

TellmewheredoIfindsomeonelikeyougirl

Takemetoyourhearttakemetoyoursoul

GivemeyourhandbeforeI’mold

Showmewhatloveis-haven’tgotaclue

Showmethatwonderscanbetrue

Theysaynothinglastsforever

We’reonlyheretoday

Loveisnowornever

Bringmefaraway

Takemetoyourhearttakemetoyoursoul

Givemeyourhandandholdme

Showmewhatloveis-bemyguidingstar

It’seasytakemetoyourheart

Standingonamountainhigh

Lookingatthemoonthroughaclearbluesky

Ishouldgoandseesomefriends

Buttheydon’treallycomprehend

Don’tneedtoomuchtalkingwithoutsayinganything

AllIneedissomeonewhomakesmewannasing

返回主頁2021/5/926Areyouready?OK!Now,haveatest!返回主頁2021/5/927總結(jié)與思考什么情況下用todo?什么情況下用doing?什么情況下用do?2021/5/9281.

Thankyoufor

ussowell.A.toteachB.teachesC.taughtD.teaching2.

Ioftendosome

onSundays.A.washedB.towashC.washingD.washes3.

Theboy

JackinClassOneismybrother.A.callB.tobecalledC.callingD.called4.

Itoftentakesmehalfanhour

home.A.WalkingB.towalkC.walkedD.walks5.

Don’tforget

hercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give2021/5/929

6.Ithinkitisimportant

Englishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned7.

Thefunnystorymadeusall

hard.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed8.

Ourteachertoldus

hardatourlessons.A.toworkB.workC.workingD.worked2021/5/930

9.Couldyoutellme

thisnewspaper?A.

toreadhowB.howtoreadC.

whattoreadD.whatread10.Idon’tknow

next.A.

whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.tohowdoit11.

Myhairistoolong,soImusthaveit

thisafternoon.A.cutB.cutsC.cuttingD.cutted12.

Remember

lateforclassagain.A.

nottoB.benottoC.

nottobeD.nottocome

13.

MrSmithaskedtheman

thequeue(跳隊—夾塞）.A.

notjumpB.didn’tjumpC.

nottojumpD.tonotjump2021/5/931

14.Whynot

withus?Yousee,it’svery

.A.

go;interestedB.go;interestingC.

togo;interestedD.going;interesting15.–Whatabout

tothecinematonight?--That’sagoodidea.I’dlike

withyou.A.

going;goingB.togo;togoC.

going;togoD.go;going16.Everyonehereisbusy

readforthecomingentrancetests（入學考試）.A.

getB.togetC.gettingD.gets

2021/5/93217.we’veworkedfortwohours.Let’s

arest.A.

stoptohaveB.stophavingC.

tostoptohaveD.stoppinghaving18.

Wouldyoumind

meafavor（幫我一下）？

A.

doB.togoC.doingD.did19.

MrWangaskedme

him.A.

helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping20.

PleasetellJimnot

lateagain.A.

toB.beC.tobeD.beto2021/5/93323.Pleasedon’tforget

tome,willyou?A.

towriteB.writingC.write22.Theboywants

hisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked21.MissYangaskedtheboy

,thebabywassleepingintheroom.A.

tostoptosingB.tostopsingingC.stopsingingD.stoptosing2021/5/934

25.

It’saboutsixo’clock,Let’s___suppernow.A.

stophavingB.tostophavingC.

stoptohaveD.tostoptohave26.We’dbetter___ontheroad.Acarmayhitus.A.

nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.don’tplay24.

Motherdecided____Tomawayfromschool（輟學.A.

tokeepnotB.keepnotC.

nottokeepD.notkeep2021/5/93529.

Ioftenseethem—withsomeforeigners.A.

talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked30.

Hesayslifewon’tbeworth—withoutlove.A.

liveB.livingC.livingD.tolive27.

LiuMeihelpedtheTurners—theirticketsonthe