2022年江蘇省宿遷市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2022年江蘇省宿遷市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Accordingtodifferentcultures,negotiationscanbeconductedthroughdirect,face-to-facecommunicationorindirect________________.

2.

Itissaidthatgivinggoodtelephonehelpsincrease______.

3.

WeknowthatsinceIndustrialRevolutionhumanscausedthegreenhouseeffectgreatly,thusmakingthetemperaturerising.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Onereasonwhycollegesincreasetuitionandfeesisthatthestatesupportisshrinking.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.Someattractiveruralregionsnotfarfromthecitiesarewitnessingacertain______,asmoreandmorechildlessseniorsmovetowardscities.

6.

Animalscannotsurvivesomecatastrophiceventssuchasstarvation,disease,orcompetitionfromotherspecies.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

ThetradingcompaniesusedonlyadvertisementstopersuadepeopleinallpartsoftheworldtogotoAmerica.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

7HealthProblemsfortheModernAge

Modernlife,withitsemphasisoninformation,automation,computerization,andglobalization,hasmadeworkeasierandgivenusmoreleisureoptions,butwenowhaveawholehostofnewhealthproblems.Onlytimewilltellifthesemodernhealthproblemsdisappearlike8-tracktapesandrotaryphones.Untilthen,herearesomeofthenewmaladieswehaveinstoreforus.

ComputerVisionSyndrome

Ifyouspendalldaystaringatacomputerscreen,youmaybeatriskforcomputervisionsyndrome(CVS),alsocalledoccupationalasthenopia(弱視的).CVSencompassesalleyeorvision-relatedproblemssufferedbypeoplewhospendalotoftimeoncomputers.AccordingtotheAmericanOptometricAssociation,symptomsofCVSincludeheadaches;dry,red,orburningeyes;blurredordoublevision;troublefocusing;difficultydistinguishingcolors;sensitivitytolight;endevenpainintheneckorback.Asmanyas75percentofcomputerusershavesymptomsofCVSduetoglare,poorlighting,andimproperworkstationsetup.ToovercomeCVS,keepyourmonitorabouttwofeetawayfromyouandsixinches.beloweyelevel,andbesureit'sdirectlyinfrontofyontominimizeeyemovement.Adjustlightingto,removeanyglareorreflections.Youcanalsoadjustthebrightnessonyourmonitortoeaseeyestrain.Evensimplestepscanhelp,likelookingawayfromyourmonitorevery20or30minutesandfocusingonsomethingfartheraway.Andyoucanalwaysuseeyedropstoperkupyourpeepers!

Earbud-relatedHearingLoss

Earbudsaretheheadphonesusedwithmanydigitalmusicplayers.Theyfitinsidetheearbutdon'tcanceloutbackgroundnoise,requiringuserstoturnupthevolume,oftento110to120decibels--loudenoughtocausehearinglossafteronlyanhourend15minutes.Andtoday,peoplespendmuchmoretimelisteningtotheirportableplayers,exposingthemselvestodamagingnoiseforlongerperiodsoftime.Asaresult,youngpeoplearedevelopingthetypeofheatinglossnormallyseeninmucholderadults.Expertsrecommendturningdownthevolumeandlimitingdieamountoftimespentlisteningtomusicplayerstoaboutanhouraday.Headphonesthatfitoutsidetheearcanalalsohelp,ascannoise-cancelingheadphonesthatreducebackgroundnoisesolistenersdon'thavetocrankupthevolume.

E-thrombosis

Thisconditionisrelatedtodeepveinthrombosis(血栓癥),wherebloodclotsform.indeepveins,suchasthoseinthelegs.Theseclotscanbefataliftheymigratetothelungsandcauseapulmonaryembolism.Clotscanform.whenbloodsupplyslowsorstops,suchasinaperiodofprolongedimmobility.Similarly,e-thrombosisisthedevelopmentofclotsinthedeepveinsofsomeonewhospendslongamountsoftimeinfrontofacomputerwithoutmoving.Althoughonlyahandfulofe-thrombosiscaseshavebeenreported,millionsofpeoplewhospendmostoftheirtimeinfrontofacomputerareatrisk.Avoidinge-thrombosisissimple:standupandmovearoundeveryhour,tapyourtoeswhileyouwork,putequipmentendsuppliesindifferentpartsofyourworkareasoyouhavetomovetogetthem,don'tcrossyourlegswhilesittingatyourdesk,don'tspendyourlunchbreakatyourdesk(goforaquickwalkinstead),anddon'tgettoocomfortable--ifyourworkspaceisultra-cozy,youwon'twanttogetup.

GeneralizedAnxietyDisorder

Weallhaveworries,uncertaintie

A.dry,red,orburningeyesandblurredordoublevision

B.glare,poorlightingandimproperworkstationsetup

C.notkeepingtheirmonitortwofeetawayfromthem

D.notusingacomputerthatprotectstheireyes

9.WidelyusingPrEPsmaycausepotentialproblemslikeethicalissuesand______.

10.

Theauthorpointsoutthattherehavebeenwars,murdersandabusesdueto______.

A.economicdifficulty

B.lackofcivilization

C.theuglyreality

D.ourhumanity

11.TheScienceofInterruptions

In2000,GloriaMarkwashiredasaprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Shewouldarriveatherdeskinthemorning,fullofenergyandreadytotackleherto-dolist.Nosoonerhadshestartedonetaskthanacolleaguewoulde-mailherwithanurgentrequest;whenshewenttoworkonthat,thephonewouldring.Attheendoftheday,Markhadaccomplishedafractionofwhatshesetouttodo.

Lotsofpeoplecomplainthatofficemultitaskingdrivesthemnuts.ButMarkstudieshowhigh-techdevicesaffectourbehavior,soshewasabletodomorethancomplain:Shesetouttomeasurehownutswe'veallbecome.Shewatchedcubicle(辦公室隔間)dwellersastheysurfedthechaosofmodernofficelifeandfoundeachemployeespentonlyten-and-a-halfminutesonanygivenprojectbeforebeinginterrupted.Eachshortprojectwasitselffragmentedintothree-minutetasks,likeansweringe-mailmessagesorworkingonasheet.

Mark'sstudyalsorevealedthatinterruptionsareoftencrucialtoofficework.Thehigh-techworkersadmittedthatmanyoftheirdailydistractionswereessentialtotheirjobs.Whensomeoneforwardsyouanurgente-mailmessage,it'softensomethingyoureallydoneedtosee;ifamobilephonecallbreaksthrough,itmightbethecallthatsavesyourhide.

Forsomecomputerengineersandacademics,thisrealizationhasbeguntoraiseanattractivepossibility:Perhapswecanfindanidealmiddleground.Ifhigh-techworkdistractionsareinevitable,maybewecanre-engineerthemsowereceivealloftheirbenefitsbutfewoftheirdownsides.

TheBirthofMultitasking

Thescienceofinterruptionsbeganmorethan100yearsagowiththeemergenceoftelegraphoperators—thefirsthigh-stress,time-sensitiveinformation-technologyjobs.Psychologistsdiscoveredthatifsomeonespoketoatelegraphoperatorwhilehewaskeyingamessage,theoperatorwasmorelikelytomakeerrors.Later,psychologistsdeterminedthatwheneverworkersneededtofocusonajobthatrequiredthemonitoringofdata,presentationwasallimportant.Usingthisknowledge,cockpits(駛艙)forfighterpilotswerecarefullydesignedsothateachdialandmetercouldbereadwithjustaglance.

Still,suchissuesseemedremotefromthelivesofeverydayworkers.Then,inthe1990s,computersbegantoexperiencearapidincreaseinspeedandpower."Multitasking"wasborn;insteadofsimplyworkingononeprogramforhoursatatime,acomputeruserworksonseveralsimultaneously.Officeworkersnowstareatcomputerscreensofoverwhelmingcomplexity,astheyjuggle(操縱)messages,textdocuments,PowerPointpresentationsandwebbrowsers.Inthemodernofficeweareallfighterpilots.

EffectofMultitasking:Computer-affectedBehavior

Informationisnolongerascarceresource—attentionis.20yearsago,anofficeworkerhadtwotypesofcommunicationtechnology:aphone,whichrequiredaninstantanswer,andpostalmail,whichtookdays.Nowpeoplehavedozensofpossibilitiesbetweenthesetwopoles.

Theresultissomethinglike"continuouspartialattention",whichmakesussobusykeepinganeyeoneverythingthatweneverfullyfocusonanything.Thiscanactuallybeapositivefeeling,inasmuchastheconstantemaildingingmakesusfeelneededanddesired.Butwhathappenswhenyoutakethattotheextreme?Yougetoverwhelmed.Sanityliesindanger.

In1997,MicrosoftrecruitedMaryCzerwinski,whoonceworkedinNASA'sHuman-computerInteractionLab,toconductbasicresearchtofindouthowcomputersaffecthumanbehavior.Shetook39officeworkersandinstalledsoftwareontheircomputersthatwouldrecordeverymouseclick.Shediscoveredthatcomputeruserswereasrestlessashummingbirds.Onaverage,theyjuggledeightwindowsatthesametime.Moreastonishing

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Itisnecessarythatbirdsshouldbetrainedtogetbackhome.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Therearemitigativewaystohelpreduce______.

14.

Theaimofthepsychologicaltestsadministeredbymanyscientistsis______.

15.AccordingtoSunilBhartiMittal,whatwillrevolutionizethetraditionalmoney-transferbusiness?

A.AllianceoftelephoneoperatorsandMasterCard.

B.Thelargedemandofimmigrantsandmigrantworkers.

C.Sendingmoneybytextmessages.

D.Internationaltelephonenetworks.

16.

Thewallsframingthehighwaysareusefulindecreasingnoisepollution,because______.

17.

AccordingtoTonyWoods,theproblemofsuicideamongyoungAustralianmencanbealleviatedifboys______.

18.

Thefirstuseoftheterm'organicfarming'isusuallycreditedto______inhis1940book,LooktotheLand.

19.

Menhavedistinctageingsymptomsaswomendo,whichdemandsspecificworkouts.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

FedExExpressrelocateditsheadquartersinMemphisforthedeliveryofsmallpackages.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：Conversationsarereallykindofinteresting.Iguessit'sakindofhobbyofminetolistentoconversationsthatIcanhearinpublic.It'samazinghowdifferentthestyle.orthetoneorthecontentofdifferentconversationscanbeandtolistentothedifferencesinthelanguagethatpeopleusewhentheyspeaktodifferentpeople.

Ifyouareeverinabookstoreoradepartmentstore,it'sinterestingtohearhowthesamesalespersontalkstodifferentpeople.There'reotherinterestingplacestolistentoconversationstoo,Ithink,andoneplacethatI'vefoundisonbustrips.Peopleoftentalktoeachotherasifnooneelsewerethere.Iguesstheythinkpeoplecan'theartheirconversations.

RecentlyIwasonabus,andIwaslisteningtoaconversationoftwopeoplebehindme.Ican'treallysayIwaslistening.Iguessitwouldhavebeenhardnottohem'it.Itwasamusingtolistentothetwopeople,though,becausetheywereplayingakindoflanguage,uh,wordgameaboutstatesandstatecapitals.Onepersonwouldsaythenameofthestate,andtheotherpersonwouldsaythenameofthecapital.

Itsoundslikeakindofsimplegamethatdoesn'tinvolvemuchlanguage,andyouwouldn'tthinkthatitwouldinvolveverymuchconversation,butactuallythiswasn'tthecasebecauseastheywereplayingthegame,theycontinuedtocomplimentoneanotherandtotalkabouthowmuchtheyknewabouthistoryandhowmanyoftheotherthingstheycouldorcouldn'trememberaboutthoseplacesfromtheirtripsorfromtheirreading.

Itwasreallykindoffuntolistentothem.

(33)

A.Listeningtodifferentstylesofconversations.

B.Listeningtothecontentofdifferentconversations.

C.Listeningtohowsalesmentalktodifferentpeople.

D.Listeningtoconversationsinpublic.

22.(26)

A.Ihavetowearthetienow.

B.Myshoesdon'thurtanymore.

C.Ihavetogoforthegallerynow.

D.Mybuttonsareon.

23.

【B8】

24.聽力原文：W:I'mjustlookingforabikethatwillgetmetothelibraryandback.

M:Withtheroadsthewaytheyare,youwillneedasturdyone.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(16)

A.Thelibraryiswithinwalkingdistance.

B.Thestreetsarenotingoodcondition.

C.Themanshouldgetacarinstead.

D.Themanshouldexercisemore.

25.(24)

A.She'llbeabletogoaboardaspacecraft.

B.She'llbeabletooperatetheMissionControl.

C.She'llbeabletoreceivemessagesfromsatellites.

D.She'llbeabletolearnsomethingnewaboutspace.

26.(36)

A.Accordingtowhatpeopleplay.

B.Accordingtowhatpeopledo.

C.Accordingtowhatpeopleneed.

D.Accordingtowhatpeoplehave.

27.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Learningasecondlanguageisnevereasy,and,generallyspeaking,theolderoneiswhenoneattemptsanewlanguage,themoredifficultitbecomes.Thisisatleastpartlyduetowhatisknownaslanguageinterference,meaningthatthelinguisticpatternsofourfirstlanguageinterferewiththoseofthesecondbecausenotwolanguageshaveexactlythesamesoundsandgrammaticalstructures.

Alllanguageshaveobligatorycategoriesofgrammarthatmaybelackinginotherlanguages.RussianunlikeEnglish—hasanobligatorycategoryforgenderwhichdemandsthatanoun,andoftenapronoun,specifywhetheritismasculineorfeminine.

Likewise,whentranslatinganEnglishstoryintoChineseinwhichacharacteridentifiedascousinappears,aChinesetranslatorrequirestoknowwhetheritreferstoamaleorafemale,whetherthecharacterisolderoryoungerthanthespeaker,andwhetherthecharacterbelongstothefamilyofthespeaker'sfatherofmother.Therefore"biaomei"canbetranslatedintoEnglishonlybytheawkwardstatement"afemalecousinonmymother'ssideandyoungerthanI".

TheRussian/EnglishandChinese/EnglishexamplesillustratethebasicprobleminanytranslationNomatterhowskilledtranslators,theycannottakethelanguageoutofthespeechcommunitythatusesit.Translationobviouslyisnotasimpletwo-waystreetbetweentwolanguages.Rather,itisabusyintersectionamongatleasttwolanguageswithalloftheirpeculiarcharacteristics,theculturesofthetwospeechcommunities,andthespeechsituationinwhichthestatementwasuttered.

(27)

A.Becauseoftheirage.

B.Becausetheyhavenotime.

C.Becausetheyarenotknowledgeable.

D.Becauseofthelanguageinterference.

28.(31)

A.Theywerefrightenedanddistressed.

B.Theyswamawaywhenthespeakerwasturnedon.

C.Theyswamcloserto"examine"thespeakerwhenitwasturnedoff.

D.Theydidn'tseemtobefrightenedandkeptswimmingnearthespeaker.

29.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Womenwhoaremarried,havechildren,andworkfeelguiltybecausethey'renotraisingtheirchildrenthemselves.

W:Butwomenwhoaremarried,workanddon'thavechildrenarepressuredtohavechildren.

Whatdoesthemanimply?

(12)

A.Marriedwomendonothavetofeelguiltyfornotraisingchildrenthemselves.

B.Marriedwomendonothavetocareaboutthepressuretohavechildren.

C.Marriedwomenshouldnotworkiftheyhavegotchildren.

D.Marriedwomencanworkeventheyhavegotchildrenathome.

30.

【B5】

31.聽力原文：M:Whatisthecheck-outtime?

W:Youcancheckoutanytimebeforetwelvenoon.Hereisyourkey.It'sRoom718.Thebellmanwilltakeyourbagsupforyou.

Q:Whatisthemandoing?

(19)

A.Themaniswaitingtobechecked.

B.Themanisaskingthekeytohisroom.

C.Themanisaskingthebellmantohelphisbagsupstairs.

D.Themanisaskingaroomtolivein.

32.聽力原文：M:Whatwouldyoudoifyouheardastrangenoiseinthemiddleofthenight?

W:I'dlieawakealittlewhile,waitingtoseeifithappenedagain.Andifitdid,I'dgetup.

Q:Howwouldyoudescribethewoman?

(14)

A.Cowardly.B.Anxious.C.Lazy.D.Courageous.

33.聽力原文：M:Didyoufeellikeyouneedmorehoursfromtheday?Well,GoodHousekeepingMagazinehassomeadviceonhowyoucanstopwastingtimeandgetitalldone.Andherewiththetoptentips,isCasslynForte.Hey,Carolyn,goodmorning!

W:Goodmorning,Hoda.Nicetobehere!

M:YourNo.Itipisbankonline.Somepeopleareafraidtodobutyousayit'ssomethingsmart.

W:Yeah,itisverysafe.Andwecertainlyrecommendthatyouuseyourownbank'swebsite.Sogotothebank,talktotheconsumerservicerepresentativesthere.It'sthebestwaytofindouthowsafeitisandhoweasy...

M:Andhowmuchtimedoyouthinkyoucouldsave,Carolyn,bydoingthat?

W:Ifyou'remakingtransfers,orcheckingyourstatements,youcansaveuptoanhour.

M:Thesecondtipisonlinegrocers.Now,that'sreallynotforeveryone,butyouactuallygogroceryshoppingonline.

W:That'sexactlywhatyoudo.Ifyouarethetypeofpersonthatwantstoreadeverylabelandlookateverypieceoffruit'sprobablynotforyou.Butifyouwannagiveupalittlecontrol,youcandefinitelysavesometime.

M:Andwhat'sthegoodstrategyifyoudecidetoshoponline?

W:WhatIwouldsuggestisdothestaplesonline.

M:Whatdotheyinclude?

W:Thebrandsthatyouuseallthetime,thepaperproducts,thecleaningproducts,thecereals--getthemonlineandgotothestoreforthemeat,theproduce.

M:That'senlightening.

(20)

A.Setupyourownwebsite.

B.Consultthebank'srepresentatives.

C.Trybymakingtransfers.

D.Cheekyourstatements.

34.(29)

A.Becauseitissoluminous.

B.Becauseitisbroad.

C.BecauseitiswheretheHeavenis.

D.Becauseitissoremotefromus.

35.(25)

A.BysettingupjointventureswithpartnersinAsia.

B.Byopeningupwholesalechain-storesinJapan.

C.Bydistributingitsproductstoretailstoreswith"shipinshop"concept.

D.Bysettingupretailstores.

36.(32)

A.Becausehecouldmakebigmoneybydoingthis.

B.Becauseheoncewashelpedbyastrangeronhighway.

C.Becausepeoplewouldhelphimfuelhiscar.

D.Becauseitistheassignmentfromhisboss.

37.聽力原文：M:Thetransmissioninyourcarmustbereplaced.Atransmissionjobisabout$400,butsincethecarisstillunderwarranty,youwillhavetopayonlyasmallservicecharge.

W:That'sgoodnews.Howlongdoyouthinkit'lltake?

Q:Howmuchwillitcostthewomantogethercarfixed?

(15)

A.＄400.

B.Alittlelessthan＄400.

C.Nomoneyatall.

D.Agreatdeallessthan＄400.

38.聽力原文：W:Well,letmesee.Fiftyhadregistered,butnoteveryoneshowedup.Ibelievethatwehadtwenty-fivefromtheMiddleEastandfifteenfromLatinAmerica.

Q:Howmanystudentsdidthewomanbelievehadtakentheexam?

(14)

A.Fiftystudents.

B.Fortystudents.

C.Twenty-fivestudents.

D.Fifteenstudents.

39.

【B11】

40.聽力原文：M:What'swrongwiththebookingoffice?ItoldthemIneededaticketonMarch30th,andtheysentmeonefortomorrow,March13th.

W:Probablysomethingwaswrongwiththeirearsorperhapsyoudidn'tmakeyourselfclear.

Q:What'sthedatewhentheconversationtakesplace?

(18)

A.March3rd.B.March29th.C.March12th.D.March30th.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Bysaying"heisanunframedpicturetohissubordinates"(Line2,Para.4)theauthorsuggeststhatthemanageris______.

42.

Onegreatadvantageyoucanenjoytomakemoneyinthenetworkmarketingisthat______.

A.youcanearnasmuchmoneyasyoucan

B.youwillhavebasicincomeandbonuses

C.youwillhavethechanceforpromotion

D.youaren'tlimitedtosellinganything

43.

ThemosteffectivewaytoinfluencetheinformationchildrenretainfromwatchingTVis______.

A.criticizingbadprograms

B.recommendinggoodprograms

C.choosingprogramsforchildren

D.properintervention

44.

Theunemployedmenwereashamedofbeingunemployedbecausetheyhadtheopinionthat______.

45.

Whichisthebestwaytofindjobinformationaccordingtothepassage?

A.Youhavetogetintouchwithyourex-bossinordertogainhelpfromhim.

B.Youhavetooftenvisityourconsultantfortheinformation.

C.Youshouldregistertothegovernment.

D.Youshouldalwayscommunicatewithyourfriends.

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Haveyoueverbeenaskedtotakeapolygraphtestforajob?Apolygraph,alsocalledaliedetector,isadevicethatisusedtofindoutifsomeoneistellingalie.Itisbasedonthebeliefthatlyingcausescertainphysicalreactions.Thesereactions,whichincludeachangeinbloodpressureandpulserate,aremeasuredbythepolygraph.

Liedetectortestsareoftenusedincourtandintheworkplace.However,alawthatwenteffectinDecember1988limitsthewaysthatemployerscanusethesetests.Employerscannolongerusethemtoscreen(審查)peoplewhoareapplyingforjobs.Theonlyexceptionisforthosewhowantgovernmentjobsassecurityguardsordrughandlers.Also,managerscannolongeraskworkerstotakesuchtestsunlessthereisreasonablesuspicionthattheworkerhasstolenordamagedproperty.Thiswillcurbtestsforsuspectedoffenses,suchasdruguseorsexualharassment,andforWorkerswhoweremerelyintheareaofatheft.Bosseswhorequestliedetectortestswillhavetotellworkerswhytheyaresuspectedofanoffense.Also,theymaynotaskquestionsthatdegradeworkers,suchasquestionsabouttheirsexlives.

Inanycase,accordingtothenewlaw,thetestisnowvoluntary:Youcan'tbefiredforrefusingtotakeit.Ifyouhavebeenforcedtotakeapolygraphtest,orifyouarenotbeinggivenapromotionbecauseyouhaverefusedtotakethetest,youcansuethecompanyorfileacomplaintwiththeDepartmentofLabor.TheDepartmentofLaborcanfineemployersupto$10,000.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

47.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Togetachocolateoutofaboxdemandsaconsiderableamountofunpacking:theboxhastobetakenoutofitspaperbagtheplasticwrapperhastobetomoff,thelidopenedandthepackingpaperinsideremoved;thechocolateitselfthenhastobeunwrappedfromitsownpieceofpaper.Similarlyapotoffacecreamcomessurroundedbylayersofpaper,wedgedinsideacardboardbox,andthewholethingwrappedtightlyinplastic.

Itisnotonlyluxurieswhicharewrappedinthisway.Withsomanygoodsnowproducedcentrallyandsoldinsupermarketsitisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttobuyanythingfromnailstopotatoesthatisnotalreadydoneupinplasticorpaper.

Thewrapperitselfisofnointeresttotheshopper,whousuallythrowsitawayimmediately.Uselesswrappingaccountsformuchofthe31poundsinweightofrubbishputoutbytheaverageLondonhouseholdeachweek.Sowhyisitdone?Someofit,likethewrappingonmeat,isnecessary,butmostoftherestissimplycompetitiveselling.Thisisstupid.Packagingisusingupscarceenergyandrawmaterialsandminingoursurroundings.Costsoftherawmaterialsusedinpackagingarerisingallthetime.Onebigfirmreportsthatitsglass,cansandpaperhaveallgoneupby30percentinthelastcoupleofmonths,whileplastichasincreasedby50percentandallthesepricesarestillrising.Thisseemsasyettohavehadsurprisinglylittleeffectonthepackagingpracticeofmanufacturers.

Littleresearchisbeingcardedoutonthecostsinenergyandmaterialsofotherpossibletypesofpackaging.Justhowpracticalisit,forinstance,forlocalauthoritiestosavewastepaperandre-manufactureitasegg-boxes?Woulditbecheapertoplantanotherforesttoproducenewpaper?

Onereasonfortheunorganizedbehaviourofeveryoneconcernedisprobablythevariednatureofthepackagingindustry.Somanypeople,withsomanydifferentinterestsoftheirown,areaffectedthatitisextremelyhardtoreachanyagreementonwhatshouldbedone.Also,packagerssaythatpreservingforestsandpreventingwasteisnottheirconcern.

Howmanylayersofwrappingmustyouremovebeforeyoucaneatachocolate?

48.

Wheredothebeeskeephoneyforthemselvestocatlater?

49.

InwhatwaydowomentodayfindthemselvesinanintensebattlewiththeSociety?

A.Thesocietyregardswomenaslessabletoperform.socialtasks.

B.Womendotoomuchabouttheircareerandtoolittleabouttheirfamilies.

C.Thesocietystillholdsthetraditionalimageaboutafamily.

D.Womennolongerregardthefamilyasabasicunitofthesociety.

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Theconceptofobtainingfreshwaterfromicebergsthataretowedtopopulatedareasandaridregionsoftheworldwasoncetreatedasajokemoreappropriatetocartoonsthanreallife.Butnowitisbeing【C1】______quiteseriouslybymanynations,especiallysincescientistshavewarnedthatthehumanracewill【C2】______itsfreshwatersupplyfasterthanitrunsoutoffood.

Glaciersareapossible【C3】______offreshwaterthathasbeenoverlookeduntilrecently.ThreequartersoftheEarth'sfreshwatersupplyisstilltiedupinglacialice,areservoirof【C4】______freshwatersoimmensethatitcould【C5】______alltheriversoftheworldfor1,000years.Floatingontheoceanseveryyearare7,659trillionmetrictonsoficeencasedin10,000icebergsthatbreakawayfromth