Unit-10-The-Sad-Young-Me教學(xué)講解課件

Unit10TheSadYoungMen

byRodW.Horton&HerbertW.EdwardsTheTwenties:--WorldWarI(1914-1918)--Economicdevelopment--AttitudesoftheyoungpeopleTheJazzAgeorTheRoaringTwentiesTerms--TheSadYoungMen--TheLostGeneration“迷惘的一代”--TheBeatGeneration二戰(zhàn)后“垮掉的一代”--TheAngryYoungMenTheLostgenerationwascharacterizedby

astronganti-waremotion;anti-traditionattitude;completedespairandperplexity.babyboomer生育高峰期出生的人，yuppie雅皮士,dink有雙份收入而沒有小孩的夫婦

sandwichgeneration三明治的一代

mallrats購物狂

couchpotato電視迷

asmallpotato小人物，不重要的事

Someliteraryfigures:--GertrudeStein--E.Hemingway--F.ScottFitzgeraldGertrudeStein

F.ScottFitzgeraldandZeldaSayreTheF.ScottFitzgeraldsinParisin1925ForChristmas

TheapartmenthousewhereF.SCOTT

FITZGERALDdiedin1940.

Theme“Theintellectualsofthetwenties,the‘sadyoungmen,’cursedtheirluckbutdidn’tdie;escapedbutvoluntarilyreturned;flayedtheBabbitsbutlovedtheircountry,andinsodoinggavethenationtheliveliest,freshest,moststimulatingwritinginliteraryexperience.”Typeofliterature:apieceofexpositivewritingPara1What’sthefunctionofthefirstpara?1.

EverypeopleoflifeintheTwentiesintheU.S.hasbeencommenteduponbutwhatwasmorecommentedupon?2.WhatdoestheTwentiesmeantothemiddle-agedandtheyoungpeoplerespectively?3.Comparedwithtoday’sjazzmadyouth,whatwouldtheysayabouttheyoungpeopleofTheTwenties?Para1Speakeasy---aplacewherealcoholicdrinksaresoldillegallyduringProhibition非法的酒館Flask-toting---adj.Alwayscarryingasmallflaskfilledwithwhiskyorotherstrongliquor.Sheik---amasterfulmantowhomwomenaresupposedtobeirresistablyattracted美男子Para1Drugstorecowboy---ayoungmanwhohangsarounddrugstoresandotherpublicplacestryingtoimpresswomen

例：Youdon’tseetheolddrugstorecowboysaroundthispartoftownanymore．在這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)的這片地方你再也看不到以往那些雜貨店牛仔了。Para1Flapper---(colloq)ayoungwomanconsideredboldandunconventionalinactionsanddress.輕佻女郎Para1Puritanism:

sin;

after-worldlife;drinking,gamblingandtheatricalperformances;

Para1JazzAgeorTheRoaringTwenties:

TheTwentieswereknownasTheRoaringTwenties,TheJazzAge,theAgeoftheLostGeneration,flamingyouth,flappers,radio,movies,thespeakeasy.

Para1seesth.inperspective:

vieworjudgethingsinawaythatshowtheirtruerelationstooneanother以聯(lián)系的觀點(diǎn)正確地看待或判斷事物

例：Weshouldseetheseeventsinperspective．我們應(yīng)該注意這些事件間的本質(zhì)聯(lián)系以正確評(píng)價(jià)它們。Para1Theslightestmention…tothemiddle-aged:Attheverymentionofthispost-warperiod,middle-agedpeoplebegintothinkaboutitlongingly.Para.2.

1.

Accordingtothewriter,doestherevoltofyouthhaveanythingtodowiththeparticularperiodofhistory?2.WhatdidAmericansrealizeifnotopenlyatlastsubconsciously?

Para.3

1.Mainidea:socialreasonsofdiscardingVictoriangentility.

2.Whyisithardforyoungpeopletoacceptthestandardsofbehavioroftheiroldergeneration?3.What’sthefunctionofwarinthecollapseoftheVictoriansocialstructure?Para3VictorianAge(Victoriangentility):

1837-1901

VictorianAge(Victoriangentility)QueenVictoriaattheageof23QueenVictoriaattheageof66

Para3TherejectionofVictoriangentilitywas,inanycase,inevitable.Inanycase,anAmericancouldnotavoidcastingasideitsmiddle-classrespectabilityandaffectedrefinement.Para3ThewaractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructureThewaronlyhelpedtospeedupthebreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure.

Para.4

1.Whatchallengedidtheyouthoftwentiesface?

2.Whatarethespecificbehaviorpatternofescapefortheyoungpeople?

3.Whatofferedtheyoungpeopleanextraopportunityofmakingtheirpleasuresillicit?(prohibition)

4.Whoprovidethemphilosophicdefense?

(much-publicizedorgiesanddefiantmanifestoes)

Para4

BohemiaandBohemianism:Bohemian.波希米亞(以前為一中歐國家,現(xiàn)為捷克一部分),aregionofCzechRepublic;thenomadic,oftenvilified,groupcalledtheGypsiesorRomanyarecalled"bohemians"inFrench.Bohemianismn.玩世不恭之作風(fēng)或思想What’s‘theBohemian’?(aperson,esp.anartist,poet,etc.wholivesinanunconventional,nonconformingway.生活豪放不羈的)Para4Prohibition:

Theforbiddingbylawofthemanufacture,transportation,andsaleofalcoholicliquorsforbeveragepurposes;speciallyintheU.S.,theperiod(1920-1933)ofprohibitionbyFederalLaw.

Para4GreenwichVillage:

ItisasectionofNewYork.,onthelowerwestsideofManhattannotedasacenterforartists,writersetc.:formerlyavillage.

Para4Itwastempted,…alcoholicsophistication:InAmericaatleast,theyoungpeoplewerestronglyinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilities.Theypretendedtobeworldly-wise,drinkingandbehavingnaughtily.Para4

Prohibitionaffordedtheyoungtheadditionalopportunityofmakingtheirpleasuresillicit

.TheyoungpeoplefoundgreaterpleasureintheirdrinkingbecauseProhibition,bymakingdrinkingunlawfuladdedasenseofadventure.Para.5

1.WhydidsomanyAmericansenlistunderforeignflags?

2.Whatdidtheythinkofthewarbeforetheyjoinedit?

3.HowwastheCivilWarportrayedinmotionpictures.4.Whatdidtheoratorspreachatthehighschoolassembly?

5.Whatwerethosedoingwhowerereluctanttoserveinaforeignarmy?

6.Whathappenedattherecruitmentcenters?Para5JohnDosPassoU.S.A.atrilogy

,depictingthegrowthofAmericanmaterialism.ThreeSoldiers:anti-warnovelJohnDosPassosPara5Soapopera---adaytimeradioortelevisionserialdramaofahighlymelodramatic,sentimentalnature.Ithasbeensocallsincemanyoriginalsponsorsweresoapcompanies.Para5Jingoismn.主戰(zhàn)論,武力外交政策,沙文主義,侵略主義jingoistn.沙文主義者,侵略主義者Jingon.沙文主義者chauvinisticpatriotism,usuassociatedwithaWarHawk.Inpractice,itreferstothosewhoadvocatetheuseofthreatsorofactualforceagainstothercountries."Jingoism"didnotentertheU.S.vernacularuntilneartheturnofthe20thcentury.

Para5Spanish-AmericanWarDate:April25–August12,1898Location:CaribbeanandPacific

Casus:CubanWarofIndependence;

Belli:

SinkingoftheUSSMaine;

PhilippineRevolution.Result:(1)TreatyofParis:Cubadeclaredindependent(1902),SpaincedesthePhilippines,GuamandPuertoRicotoUSfor$20million.(2)StartofthePhilippine-AmericanWar.SanJuanHill圣胡安山

Para5WWIMay7,1915:“Lusitania”

sunkbyGermanU-boatJanuary1917,ZimmermannTelegram

Feb1,1917:unrestrictedsubmarinewarfareApril6,1917: USAdeclaredwarJune28,1919:TreatyofVersaillesPalaceofVersailles,wherethetreatywassignedPara5ouryoungmenbegantoenlistunderforeignflags.

Ouryoungmenjoinedthearmiesofforeigncountriestofightinthewar.Para5they"wantedtogetintothefunbeforethewholethingturnedbellyup."Theyoungpeoplewantedtotakepartinthegloriousad-venturebeforethewholewarended.Para.6

1.Whendidthespiritofenthusiasmdisappear?

2.Howdidtheyoungcollegestudentsfeelabouttheirhometown?Whydidtheyfeelbitter?

3.Whatweretheyaskedtodoaftertheyreturnedfromwar?WhatdidtheythinkofVictorianinnocence?4.Howdidtheangryyoungmenexpress(outlet)theiroutrage?Para6GopherPrairiesthefictionalsmall-townsettingoftheSinclairLewisnovelMainStreet.RepresentsamicrocosmofAmericaintheearly20thcen.SuggeststhatthepeopleandinstitutionsfoundinGopherPrairiecanbefoundanywhere.BycriticizingGopherPrairie,LewisthereforeattacksAmericansocietyasawhole.

Cynicism

aphilosophicalmovementfromthebeginningofthefourthcenturyB.C.untilthefallofRomeCynicphilosophywere:

Self-sufficiency

Livingbypersonalexample

Exposingthefalsehoodofconventionalthinking

Exposingviceandconceit

Livingaccordingtonature.DiogenespursuedtheCynicidealofself-sufficiency,alifethatwasnaturalandnotdependentuponthenonessentialluxuriesofcivilization.Diogenesbelievedthatvirtuewasbetterrevealedinactionthanintheory,hemadehislifeaprotestagainstwhathethoughtofasacorruptsociety.Heissaidtohavelivedinalargetub,ratherthanhouse,andtohavegoneaboutAthenswithalanterninthedaytime,claimingtobelookingforanhonestman--butneverfindingone.Inlaterart,Diogenesisoftendepictedinatorncloak,withadog,carryingalantern.Para6NapoleoniccynicismPara6theyhadoutgrowntownandfamilies

Theseyoungpeoplecouldnolongeradaptthemselvestolivesintheirhometownsortheirfamilies.Para6Somethinginthetension-riddenyouthofAmericahadto"give"

(Underallthisforceandpressure)somethingintheyouthofAmerica,whowerealreadyverytense,hadtobreakdown.Para.71.Identifythefiguresin‘theirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwar……’.2.Whatdidthewriters,artistsdoinGreenwichVillage?Para7SinclairLewis

MainStreetBabbitt

SinclairLewisPara7Babbitt

Babbittn.市儈Itcanalsoreferto:anuncultured,"square",typicallymiddle-agedandmiddle-classbusinessmancharacterizedbytimidityandignoranceoftheirphilistinism.Para7BabbittryBabbittryn.市儈作風(fēng)AderogatorytermfortheethicsandpracticesofsmallindependentbusinessmenoperatingundertherelativelyfreemarketconditionsexistingintheUnitedStatesbeforethemassivegovernmentalinterventionsofthe1920'sand1930's.Para7PhilistinismPhilistinen.(中東古國)腓力斯人,仇敵,俗氣的人adj.非利士的,俗氣的,無教養(yǎng)的aderogatoryterm.APhilistineissaidtodespiseorundervalueart,beauty,intellectualcontent,andspiritualvalues.Philistinesarealsosaidtobematerialistic,tofavorconventionalsocialvaluesunthinkingly,andtofavorformsofartthathaveacheapandeasyappealPara7itwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungwriters,theirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwar,Babbittry,and"Puritanical"gentility,shouldflocktothetraditionalartisticcenter

ItwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungWriterswhosemindsandwritingswerefilledwithviolentangeragainstwar,Babbitry,and"Puritanical"gentility,shouldcomeingreatnumberstoliveinGreenwichVillage,thetraditionalartisticcentre.Para.8Whoimitatethesewritersandartists?2.Whatwasthefashionfortheyoungpeopleatthattime?3.Bythemiddleofthedecade,howdidpeopletreatthe‘wildparty’?Para8Fast---adj.Livinginareckless,wild,dissipatedwayEachtownhadits"fast"setwhichprideditselfonitsunconventionality,Eachtownwasproudthatithadagroupofwild,recklesspeople,wholivedunconventionallives.Para8ModelTPara8DutchColonialisastyleofAmericandomesticarchitecture,primarilycharacterizedbygambrelroofshavingcurvedeavesalongthelengthofthehouse.Modernversionsbuiltintheearly20thCenturyaremoreaccuratelyreferredtoas"DutchColonialRevival,"asubtypeoftheColonialRevivalstyle.DutchColonialPara9RotaryInternational

“扶輪國際”（1905年成立于美國,是由從事工商和自由職業(yè)的人員組成的群眾性服務(wù)社團(tuán)）anorganizationofserviceclubsknownasRotaryClubs.ThemembersareknownasRotarians.Thepurpose:tobringtogetherbusinessandprofessionalleaderstoprovidehumanitarianservice,encouragehighethicalstandardsinallvocations,andhelpbuildgoodwillandpeaceintheworld."ServiceaboveSelf",Para9"KeepingupwiththeJoneses"apopularcatchphrase.Itreferstothedesiretobeseenasbeingasgoodasone'sneighboursorcontemporariesusingthecomparativebenchmarksofsocialcasteortheaccumulationofmaterialgoods."Jones"isaverycommonname,implyi