ving形式作狀語(yǔ)版03課件

The–ingformasadverbial

(-ing形式作狀語(yǔ))Activity:

Fourstudentsasagrouptofindthe–ingformasadverbialinthetwopassagesinthisunit.原句再現(xiàn)Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandthenwenttogreetthem.Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling.WhenDarleneCoulonfromFrancecamedashingthroughthedoor,sherecognizedTonyGarcia’ssmilingface.原句再現(xiàn)Inthesamewaythatpeoplecommunicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusing“unspoken”languagethroughphysicaldistance,actionsandposture.Hidingotherfeelingslikeanger,fearorworry,smilesaroundtheworldcanbefalse.體驗(yàn)之旅Arrivingattheclassroom,thechildrenbegantodocleaning.Notknowinghowtogetthere,Ihadtoasktheway.LearningEnglisheveryday,you’lllearnitwellstepbystep.Arrivinglate,hestillpassedtheexam.Shesatatthetable,readinganewspaper.Theheavyrainlastedaweek,causinggreatdamagetocrops.V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)

doing作狀語(yǔ)：對(duì)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞加以補(bǔ)充，表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、方式、伴隨、讓步等，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。1．表示時(shí)間:動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。常位于句首或句末。(when/while/after/as)她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身，看見(jiàn)一輛車(chē)朝她開(kāi)來(lái)。Whensheturnedaround,shesawacardrivingup.=Turningaround,shesawacardrivingup.2．表示原因:表示原因的動(dòng)詞-ing形式一般置于句首，也可位于句中或句末。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。(because/since/as…)因?yàn)槠＞?，他不能再往前走了。Ashewasill,hecouldnotwalkanyfurther.=Beingill,hecouldnotwalkanyfurther.3．表示結(jié)果:動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)表示一種必然的結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，常位于句末。(sothat/and…)大火持續(xù)了近一個(gè)月，幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么值錢(qián)的東西。Thefirelastednearlyamonth,sothat/andnothingwasleft.=Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothing.4．表示條件：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作條件狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，常位于句首。(if…)更細(xì)心點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)少犯錯(cuò)誤。Ifyouaremorecareful,youcanmakefewermistakes.=Beingmorecareful,youcanmakefewermistakes.5．表示讓步動(dòng)詞-ing形式作讓步狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，常位于句首。(although/though…)盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。Althoughtheykneweverything,theymademepayforthedamage.=Knowingeverything,theymademepayforthedamage.6．表示方式、伴隨或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明：動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，可以擴(kuò)展成為一個(gè)并列成分，多居句末。我站在門(mén)旁，不敢說(shuō)一句話(huà)。Istoodbythedoor,anddidnotdaretosayaword.=Istoodbythedoor,notdaringtosayaword.他在街上走著，唱著歌。Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,andsangasong.=Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,singingasong.Practice:將下列的狀語(yǔ)從句改成分詞作狀語(yǔ)。Whenweheardthenews,wealljumpedwithjoy.=Hearingthenews,wealljumpedwithjoy.Astheyareblind,theycannotusecomputers.=Beingblind,theycannotusecomputers.Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.=Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Thoughyouarecleverenough,youshouldaskmeformoreadvice.=Beingcleverenough,youshouldaskmeformoreadvice.Thestudentswalkedalongtheroadastheytalkedandlaughed.=Thestudentswalkedalongtheroad,talkingandlaughing.Hedied,sothatheleftnothingbutdebtstohiswife.=Hedied,leavingnothingbutdebtstohiswife.Themonkeyshoutedatusbyshowingitsteeth.=Themonkeyshoutedatus,showingitsteeth.-ing的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)

一般式(not)doing(not)beingdone完成式(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone試比較下列句子中-ing所表示的動(dòng)作與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在時(shí)間上的先后關(guān)系。Seeingthestrangercominguptohim,littleJimranawayasfastashecould.Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theybegantowatchTV.Notknowinghistelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.Nothavingbeenathomeforafewmonths,motherbegantodosomecleaning.Beingquestionedbythepoliceman,hewasnotallowedtoansweryourphonecall.Havingbeenshownaroundthelab,thevisitorsweretakentotheplayground.分詞一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；doing表示主動(dòng)，beingdone表示被動(dòng)。分詞的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前；havingdone表示主動(dòng)，havingbeendone表示被動(dòng)。觀(guān)察一Enteringtheroom,Isawastrangesight.Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Johnbeingaway,Tomhadtodothework.doing作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是句子的主語(yǔ)，并且和句子的主語(yǔ)含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，否則需使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).Practice:判斷正誤Whilereadingthebook,thetelephonerang.Whileshewasreadingthebook,thetelephonerang.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wefoundabeautifulgarden.觀(guān)察二Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromnorth.Takingeverythingintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatsuccess.Supposingheisill,whowilldothework?

英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞-ing形式，如generallyspeaking,judgingfrom…，taking…intoconsideration，supposing…等，它們作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的邏輯主語(yǔ)可以和句子的主語(yǔ)不一致。這種形式已經(jīng)成為固定的用法。觀(guān)察三Don’ttalkwhilehavingdinner.

Oncelosingthischance,youcan’teasilyfindit.Whenlandingontheisland,theyfoundsomelocalpeoplewelcomingthem.當(dāng)-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可與引導(dǎo)相應(yīng)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞連用，以明示狀語(yǔ)類(lèi)別。（狀語(yǔ)從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)）觀(guān)察四Thefirelastedawholenight,causing

greatdamage.IarrivedattheshoppingmallonlytofindthatI’dleftallmymoneyathome.Shefelloffherbike,breakingherleftleg.Wehurriedtothestationonlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.todo作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，多指出乎意料的結(jié)果，不定式之前常加上only,以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。doing作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，常常表示直接造成的必然結(jié)果。Practice:1.Alltheresearchersworkedveryhard,____anefficientsystem.A.onlytocreateB.thuscreatedC.havingcreatedD.thuscreating2.Theoldmanfelloverhisownfeet,____theslope.torolldownB.rolledC.rollingdownD.havingrolleddown3.________anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.

A.NotknownB.KnownnotC.KnowingnotD.Notknowing4.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______inbed,dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying

5._____theletter,hewen