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Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions,usingyourownwordsasmuchasHowmuchdoyouknowabouttheauthorfromthisWhatdoyouthinkofthestrugglesbetweenfundamentalistsandmodernists?WhatdidthatWhywassomuchattentionpaidtothistrialinanout-of-the-waysmalltownintheU.TrytoelaboratetheviewsofDarrowandMaloneandthatofWhathaveyoulearnedaboutthelawandlegalproceduresintheU.S.?DoyouthinkthemDidJohnScopesloseorwintheWhathaveyoulearnedabouttheWhatdoyouthinkisthemessageofthisWe’llshowthemafewThecasehaderuptedroundmyThefundamentalistsadheredtoa linterpretationoftheOldThatallanimallife...hadevolvedfromacommon"Let'stakethisthingtocourtandtestthelegalityofPeoplefromthesurroundinghills,mostlyfundamentalists,arrivedtocheerBryanagainstthe"infideloutsiders."Asmyfathergrowled,"That's ofaHeisherebecauseignoranceandbigotryareSpectatorspaidtogazeatitandponderwhethertheymightbeAndthecrowdpunctuatedhisdefiantreplieswithferventTranslatethefollowingintoDarrowwalkedslowlyroundthebakingcourt."Todayitistheteachers,"he,"andtomorrowthemagazines,thebooks,thenewspapers.Afterawhile,itisthesettingofmanagainstmanandcreedagainstcreeduntilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcenturywhenbigotslightedfaggotstoburnthemanwhodaredtobringanyinligenceandenlightenmentandculturetothehuman"TheBible",hethunderedinhissonorousorgantones,notgoingtobedrivenoutofcourtbyexpertswhocomehundredsoftotestifythattheycanreconcileevolution,withitsancestorsinthejungle,withmanmadeGrouptogetherallthelegalandreligioustermsthatappearintheExintheimpliedorsatiricalmeaningofthe"Todayitistheteachers,"he,"andtomorrowthemagazines,thebooks,the"Thereissomedoubtaboutthat,"Darrow"TheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow."Oneshopannounced:DARWINISRIGHT--"Thepoorbrutecoweredinacornerwithhishandsoverhiseyes,"areporternoted,"afraiditmightbetrue."DudleyFieldMalonecalledmyconvictiona"victorious"I'mjustareg'larmountaineerOfthe12jurors,threehadneverreadanybookexcepttheBible.Onecouldn'tThetruthdoesnotneedMr.ButnowthereisaWilliamJenningsBryanUniversityonahill-topoverlookingtheThefollowingsentencescontainmetaphorsorsi .Exintheirmeaningsinin,non-figurativelanguage.Noone,leastofallI,anticipatedthatmycasewouldsnowballintooneofthemostfamoustrialsinU.S.historyBythetimethetrialbeganonJuly10,ourtownof1500peoplehadtakenonacircusThestreetaroundthethree-storeyredbricklawcourtsproutedwithricketystandssellinghotdogsAfterthepreliminarysparringoverlegalities,DarrowgotuptomakehisopeninghethunderedinhissonorousorganwhenBryanhadsweptthepoliticalarenalikeaprairieThecrowdseemedtofeelthattheirchampionhadnotscorchedtheinfidelswiththehotbreathofhisoratoryasheshouldhave.He...accusedBryanofcallingforadueltothedeathbetweenscienceandThenthecourtbrokeintoastormofapusethatsurpassedthatforButalthoughMalonehadwontheoratorialduelwithNowDarrowspranghistrumpcardbycallingBryanasawitnessfortheTheoratoricalstormthatClarenceDarrowandDudleyFieldMaloneblewupinthelittlecourtinDaytonsweptlikeafreshwindthroughtheschoolsandlegislativeofficesoftheUnitedBesidessiandmetaphors,otherfiguresofspeecharealsousedinthispiece.Pointoutthefiguresusedinthefollowingsentences:Thetrialthatrockedtheworld(Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmy.shoulder(Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead(Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassisted(anditisamightystrongcombination(untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcentury(Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.("TheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow"()"HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld."( yhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.(Bryanmoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.(DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,"victoriousdefeat."(VII.Translatethefollowing Alowercourtruledintheparents’favor,butthedecisionlaterwasThelegislativebranchenactslaws;theexecutivebranchen sthem,andthejudicialbranchinterpretsthem.ThreewitnessesappearedincourttotestifytohisTheycalledforaspeedyandpublictrialbyanimpartialInUS.courts,whenwitnessesswearto lthetruth,theyareaskedtoceonehandontheBible."GodhelpsthemthathelpJudgesaresupposedtotreatevery asequalbeforethelaw,whateverhisrace,nationalityorreligion.BarristersarelawyerswhopresentandpleadcasesinlawAs"counselfortheprosecution"abarristerwilltrytoprovetheaccused 'sguilt.As"counselforthedefense"hewilldefendtheaccused.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(usingthefollowingwordsorexpressions:againstthelaw,verdict,rampant,toanticipate,toinvolve,toreconcile,onhand,athand,underway,one'sheartgoesoutto):AtthattimemetaphysicswasIdidnotanticipatethat1wouldgetinvolvedinthisdisputeYoumustinvolveyourselfintheworkifyouwanttolearnsomething.陪審團裁決他判了他三年Thejurybroughtinaverdictofguiltyandthejudgesentencedhimtothreeyears'雖然種族是違法的，但種族在美RacialdiscriminationstillexistsinvariousformsintheUnitedStatesthoughracialsegregationisagainstthelaw.Ithinkwecanreconcilethetwoviews.Heseemedreconciledtothe觀眾對充滿了同情心Thespectators'heartswentouttothe當(dāng)時倫敦的報紙認為納粹德國即將TheLondonpapersexpressedtheviewthatthecollapseofNaziGermanywasathand.Heestimatedthenumberofscoutsonasrangingfromthreeto11)Theprojectgotunderwaysoonafterthesigningofthecontract.Choosetherightwordfromthelistgivenbelowforeach lawinBritainpresumestheinnocenceoftheaccuseduntilhis hasbeenproved,theprosecutionisnotgrantedanyadvantageoverthedefence.A hastherighttoemploya adviserforhis andifhecannot topayhemaybegrantedlegalaidwhollyorpartly thepublicexpense;ifremandedincustodyhemaybevisitedin byhislegaladvisertoensurethathisdefenceisproperly Duringthe thedefendanthastherighttohearandsubsequentlyto (normallythroughhiscounsel)allthewitnessesforthe ;tocallhisown who,iftheywill thetrialoftheirownwill,maybe toattendsandto eitherin orthroughhis -thedefencehavingthe tothelastspeechattheIncriminaltrialsby thejudgedeterminesquestionsoflaw,sumsupthe forthebenefitofthejury,andacquitsthe orpassessentenceaccordingtothe ofthejury;butthejuryalonedecidestheissueof Verdictsneednotnecessarilybe ;incertaincircumstancesthejurymaybringin verdictprovidedthat,inthenormaljuryof people,therearenotmorethan Ifthejuryreturnsaverdictof'notguilty,theprosecutionhasnorightof andthedefendantcannotbe againforthesameTopicsfororalWhatistheauthorsatirizinginthispiece?WhatmethodsdoesheusetoachieveWhathaveyoulearnedabouttheU.S.judicialsystemfromthisWrittenDescribetheclimaxofthetrialwithin250Inthe1920s，whenhewasateacheratasecondaryschoolinDayton，alittletowninthemountainsofTenessee，hewaschargedwithteachingevolutionandhadtobepresentintheandbecameageologistforanoil Thestruggleswereinfactstrugglesbetweenignoranceandwisdom．religionscience．Thatshowedthespreadofscienceandtruthwasnoeasytask．3)Becausetheresultwouldeffectthewholecountry，eventheworld．DarrowandMalonethoughtthattheBiblecouldco—existwiththeEvolutionTheoryanditwasacceptableforaChristiontobeanevolutionist．Besides，theBibleshouldnotbeinterpretedandacceptedlilly．Bryanjustthoughttheoppositeway.Thetrialbeganwithprayerbyalocalminister.Thisshowedtheconnectionofthereligion(Christianity)withthelaw.Among12jurorsthreehadneverreadanybookexcepttheBible.Onecouldn'tread.Thatshowedthatthereligionandignoranceyanimportantroleinthelaw.Judgingbythefactabove,thelawandlegalproce-duresintheU.S.atthattimewerenotJohnScopeslostthecaseinthecourt,buthewoninarealWecannottaketheBibleli lly.Actuallythereissomethinginconsistentinit.Itcanbeacceptedasareligiousbookwhoseinterpretationshouldnotbedefinedbysomepeopleonly.Thisarticleisintendedtodrawtheworld'sattentiontotheEvolutionTheoryandpersuadepeoplenottobestubbornlyhostiletoscience.WehavesomecleverandunexpectedtacticsandwewillsurprisethemintheThecasehadcomedownuponmeunexpectedlyandThefundamentalistsbelieveinaword-for-wordacceptanceofwhatissaidinthethatalllifehaddevelopedgraduallyfromacommonoriginalLet'saccuseScopesofteachingevolutionandletthecourtdecidewhetherheisbreakinglaworPeoplefromthenearbymountains,mostlyfundamentalists,cametosupportBryanagainstthoseprofessors,scientists,andlawyerswhocamefromthenorthernbigcitiesandwerenotAsmyfathercominedangrily,"That'snojuryatall.HeisherebecauseunenlightenmentandprejudicearewidespreadandPeoplehadtopayinordertohavealookattheapeandtoconsidercarefullywhetherapesandhumanscouldhaveacommonancestry.andthecrowd,whoweremainlyfundamentalists,tookhiswordsshowingnofearasiftheywereprayers,interruptingfrequentlywith"Amen"Ⅲ.Seethetranslationofthelegalterms:court,defence,criminallawyer,leadingcouncelfortheprosecution,legislature,trial,testify,ajurytrial,case,indict,theU.S.SupremeCourt,defend,presidingjudge,attorney-general,openthesession,juror,legality,witness,evidence,accuse,adjourn,verdict,jurymen,guilty,religiousterms:fundamentalists,modernists,theOldTestament,fundamentalism,theBible,agnostic,Catholic,Jew,infidel,God,Amen,Genesis"Todaytheteachersareputontrialbecausetheyteachscience,soonthemagazines,andnewspaperswillnotbeallowedtoexpressnew"Itisdoubtfulwhetherman(ratherthefundamentalist)hasreasoningpower,"Darrowsaidinacontemptuousway.TheChristianbelievesthatGodinheavenmadehumanbeingbuttheevolutionistthinkshumanbeingscomefromlowlyanimals.Theimplicationisthereisnothinglofty,nobleabouthumanbeingsintheeyesoftheevolutionist.Thisisapun,i.e.yingonwords.Thissentencemayhavetwodifferentinterpretations,dependingonhowyoureadit.Ifyoupausebeforethedash,itmeansDarwin,thenaturalistiscorrect.Ifyoureadoutthewholesentence,itmeansDarwintheshopownerisdirectlyEventheapeshudderedwhenitrealizedthatitmightsharethesameancestrywithhumanbeings(especiallythefundamentalists).Maloneconsideredthedefeatablessingindisguise,althoughScopeswasfoundguilty,theyhadsucceededindrawingtheattentionofthepeopleallovertheUnitedStatestothisissue.Thestatementconveysfalsemodestyaboutbeingwiththepeopleandindicatesregionalnarrow-mindednessandbigotry.Thisshowsthatthejurorswereignorant,prejudicedandnarrowminded.Therecouldn'tbeafairandimpartialtrial.Bryan'sroleisself-appointed.ThereisnoneedforBryantoactasthespokesman.Ifathingistrueitdoesnotneedanyone,leastofallBryan,todefendit.Bryanwasdeadagainstknowledge,Scienceandnewideas,soitwasironicaltonameauniversityafterhimbecausethefunctionofauniversitywastospreadknowl-edge,scienceandnewideas.snowball:metaphor;growordevelopcircusatmosphere:metaphor;riotousholidayspiritsprout:metaphor;groworspringupspar:metaphor;fightwithwords,engageinargumentthunder:metaphor;sayloudlyandlikeaprairiefire: ;quickly,rapidly ingallscorch:metaphorwither,thoroughlyhotbreathofhisoratory:metaphor;thefieryspeech,thecausticcondemnationaduel:metaphor;alifeanddeathastormof apusebymanytheoratoricalduel：metaphor；thespeechcontestspringthetrumpcard：metaphor；takethemostdecisivecourseofactionwhichonebelievescannotfailoratoricalstorm...blewthegreatdebatethattooklikeafreshwind：si ；broughtnewandhealthychanges．ThegreatdebateinitiatedbyClarenceDarrowandDudleyFieldMaloneinthelittlecourtinDaytonbroughtnewandhealthychangesthroughouttheschoolsandlegislativeofficesoftheUnitedStates 2)transferred 4) Barristers是在上進行或辯護的作為辯護，他就要盡力證明。作為辯護，他就要為辯護。AtthattimemetaphysicswasIdidnotanticipatethatIwouldgetinvolvedinthisdisputeYoumustinvolveyourselfintheworkifyouwanttolearnsomething.Thejurybroughtinaverdictofguiltyandthejudgesentencedhimtothreeyears'RacialdiscriminationstillexistsinvariousformsintheUnitedStatesthoughracialsegregationisagainstthelaw.IthinkwecanreconcilethetwoHeseemedreconciledtotheThespectators'heartswentouttotheTheLondonpapersexpressedtheviewthatthecollapseofNaziGermanywasathand.Heestimatedthenumberofscoutsonhandasrangingfromthreetofive.Theprojectgotunderwaysoonafterthesigningofthecontract.criminal,gu