鋼鐵材料的許用應(yīng)力

表表1普通碳鋼及優(yōu)質(zhì)碳鋼構(gòu)件基本許用應(yīng)力/MPa材料類型材料標(biāo)號截面尺寸/mm熱處理材料性能拉壓彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)剪切抗拉強度ob屈服強度OS/MPaIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOlOiOiOTnTnTnTTT普通碳鋼Q215100熱扎Ob335?410bOs185?215145125901759590601009060Q235ob375?460bOs205?235160140100190160120105OO11010070Q275ob490?610bOs235?27517515011021017013011514010512011080優(yōu)質(zhì)碳鋼20<100正火ob410bOs245175145105210165125115105701201057525ob450bOs275195160115230175135125115751351208035ob530bOs3152101801252502001501351208014512085調(diào)質(zhì)ob550?750bos320?370210185130250205155135125851451208545正火ob600bOs3552302001452702201701501359016014095調(diào)質(zhì)ob630?800bos370?43025021515030023518016015010017515010050<25正火ob630bOs375250215150300235180160150100175150100<100調(diào)質(zhì)ob>700bOs>400265235165310260195170155105180160110

材料標(biāo)號截面尺寸/mm熱處理材料性能拉壓彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)剪切抗拉強度ob屈服強度OS/MPaIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOiOiOiOOOTnTnTnTTTZG200?400100正火及回火ob400bOs20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230?450ob450bOs23015514010018515512010085651109065ZG270?500ob500bOs2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310?570ob570bOs3101901701252301901451251058013011080ZG340?640ob640bOs3402001801302402051551301158714012087表表3灰鑄鐵基本許用應(yīng)力/MPa材料標(biāo)號壁厚/mm抗壓強度/MPa抗拉強度/MPa中心抗壓彎曲扭剪壓拉拉壓IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIITTTTTTHT-150>2.5?10500?70017514080502820503023452418>10?2014514080412417412519372015>20?3013014080372115372217331813>30?5012014080341914342115311712HT-200>2.5?10600?800220170100633625633828573123>10?20195170100563222563325502720>20?30170170100492819492922442417>30?50160170100462618462721412216HT-250>4.0?10800?1000270230130774431774635693728>10?20240230130693927694131623325>20?30220230130633625633828573123>30?50200230130573223573426512821HT-300>10?201000?1200290285160834733835037754030>20?30250285160714129714332643526>30?50230285160663726663930593224HT-350>10?201100?1300340315180975539975844874735>20?30290315180834733835037754030>30?50260315180744230744433673627

附表鋼鐵的許用應(yīng)力（kgf/cm2）載荷軟鋼中硬鋼鑄鋼鋼鐵I900--15001200?1800600?訂200300拉伸II600--1000800?1200400--600200III300--500400?600200-700100I900--15001200?1800900?訂500900壓縮II600--1000800?1200600?訂000600I900--15001200?1800750?訂200彎曲II600--1000800?1200500?」800III300--500400?600250?」400I720--1200960?1440480--960300_、r?剪切II480--800640?960320?-640200III240--400320?480160?320100I600--1200900?1440480--960扭轉(zhuǎn)II400--800640?960320--640III200--400320?480160?320（注）載荷指I:靜載荷II:重復(fù)載荷III:交變載荷

表4許用彎曲應(yīng)力［。］3材料極限強度。kgf/cm2許用應(yīng)力［。］kgf/cm2穩(wěn)定載荷沖擊或脈動載荷反復(fù)父變載荷40001300700400碳素50001700750450碳素鋼60002000950550700023001100650合金鋼800027001300750口金鋼1000033001600900鑄鋼40001000500300鑄鋼50001200700400表表5軸的常用材料及許用彎曲應(yīng)力［30］鋼號處理毛壞直徑(mm)機械性能硬度HB許用彎曲應(yīng)力［°］wkgf/cm2°bkgf/mm2°skgf/mm2°-1kgf/mm2正火25543226<1871100正火<100522725143?1871050正火>100?300502624143?187100035正火+回火>300?500482423137?187960>500?750462322131?187920調(diào)質(zhì)<100563026.5163?2011100>100?300542825.5144?2011080正火25613628<2411150正火<100603027.5170?2071150AC正火>100?300582927163?207113045正火+回火>300?500562826156?2071080>500?700542725149?2071050調(diào)質(zhì)<200653630187?229125025907546160035SiMn<100805240229?2861400調(diào)質(zhì)>100?300754535217?269140042SiMn>300?400704032.5217?2551350>400?500653831.5197?2551300251008050175040MB調(diào)質(zhì)<200755036240?2901450<100756038228?2861500彳調(diào)1質(zhì)>100?300725536217?269145038SiM0調(diào)質(zhì)>300?500705035197?2411400>500?800604030186?24112502510080501750<100755237241?286150040Cr調(diào)質(zhì)>100?300705035241?2861480>300?500654031229?2601300>500?800603529217?2601200注：表中［。-］］適用于▽▲?▽8,如果光潔度提高或降低，［。-］］應(yīng)相應(yīng)提高或降低5?15%。表表6軸類零件允許變形的參考數(shù)值變形名稱變形允許值撓度V一般用途的軸需要提高剛度的轉(zhuǎn)軸安裝齒輪的軸安裝蝸輪的軸[V]=(0.0003?0.0005)1[v]=0.0002|[v]=(0.01?0.05)mn[v]=(0.01?0.05)m：角轉(zhuǎn)0滑動軸承向心球軸承向心球面軸承圓柱滾子軸承圓錐滾子軸承安裝齒輪的軸承[9]=0.001rad[9]=0.005rad[9]=0.005rad[9]=0.0025rad[9]=0.0016rad[9]=0.001rad注：i軸承之間的長度(mm)；mn齒輪法面模數(shù)(mm)；Mt蝸輪的端面模數(shù)(mm)。表7軸彎