2021屆宜昌市夷陵區(qū)東湖高級中學(xué)高三英語期末考試試題及答案解析

2021屆宜昌市夷陵區(qū)東湖高級中學(xué)高三英語期末考試試題及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ABobandSueHarveyspentnineyearsasresidentfellowsinadormitoryatSanfordandintheirbookVirtualRealityandTheCollegeFreshman,theywrite“TheFreshmanoftenfacesanidentityproblemduringthefirstsemester.”Collegeisamorepressuredenvironmentthanitusedtobe,inpartbecausetheacademicgapbetweenhighschoolandcollegehasincreased.Manycollegefreshmenhaveneverhadtomakeindependentdecisionsaboutsex,drugsandalcohol.Mostdon’tknowhowtomanagetheirtimeormoney.Theyoftenfeellonelyandoverwhelmed,resultinginanxietyanddepression.NancyCorbin,directorofclinicalserviceforstudent-counseling（咨詢）servicesatIowaStateUniversity,saysherofficeisseeingasignificantincreaseinrequestsforcounselingfromfreshmenwhoarehavingtroublemakingtheadjustmenttocollegelife.Shesaysolderteenagersincreasinglylacktheskillstodealwithpersonalproblemsthataren’teasilydefinedorfixed.Andtheygethomesickbuthaveahardtimeadmittingit.Parentsandhighschoolscanmakethingseasieronfreshmenbypreparingthemdifferently.Forexample,byteachingthemtobudgettheirhoursanddollars.TheHarveysthinkhighschoolsshouldofferacollege-lifecourse.“Parentsneedtofocusmoreonrelationshipandpersonalissuesandlessonhowmanysheetsandtowelstotake,”theysay.Manyhomesickfreshmenthinkthey’llberegardedasfailuresiftheycomehomebeforeThanksgiving.Soparentscanhelpbylettingthemknowthey’rewelcometoreturniftheyfeeltheneed.Inthemeantime,parentshavetofindnewwaystokeepintouchwiththeircollegekids.Oneofthebestwaysise-mail.It’slessunpleasantandlessexpensivethanconstantphonecallsandismorelikelytobeansweredthanahandwrittenletter.Whyisthefirstsemesterdifficultforfreshmenincollege?Becausetheyoftenfailinexams.Becausetheylacktimeandmoney.Becausetheyaretoohomesicktomakenewfriends.Becausetheyhavetosettlepersonalissuesontheirown.Inthelastparagraph,itissuggestedthat .parentsshouldstopbuyinganythingfortheirkidsparentsshoulddevelopagoodrelationshipwiththeirkidsparentsshouldbetaughthowtosende-mailstotheirkidsparentsshouldworkwithhighschoolsincollege-lifecoursesWhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HardLifeofCollegeFreshmen B.ApproachestoTroubleinCollegeC.Freshmen’sAdaptationProblems D.AStrangePhenomenoninCollegeBYuChenrui,29,isamakerofautomata（機(jī)關(guān)人偶）inChengdu,Sichuanprovince.Automataarebuilttolooklikehumansoranimalsandgivetheillusion（錯(cuò)覺）ofbeingabletomoveontheirown,“Theartformamazesme,becauseitcombinesvariousskills,fromstorytellingtomechanics,andthepiecesarebuiltwithasenseofhumor,”Yusays.Hiscreationshavecaughttheattentionofwell-knownartistsandhisfancypiecesofarthaveattractedcollectorsworldwide.Interestedinhandcraftsasaboy,YufirstencounteredautomatadesignedbyJapaneseartistKazuakiatanexhibitionin2015whenhestudiedattheCommunicationUniversityofChinainBeijing.“Itwaslikemeetingalike-mindedfriend,”Yusays,recallingthemoment.Asanartanddesignmajor,hebegantolearnthecraftbyhimselfand,withthesupportofhistutor,hekeptstudyingandexaminingautomatainschool.Whenhegraduatedin2016,YulandedajobatanadvertisingagencyinBeijing.Hestayedonatthecompanyforthreeyearsbecause,atthattime,hewasnotsurethathecouldmakealivingoutofhishobby.WhileworkingasadesignerYukeptexploringandadvancinghisskillsinwoodcarvingandmechanics.Eventually,despitethejob’sgoodsalary,itwasnotenoughtomakeupfornotfollowinghistruepassion.Finally,in2018,YuquithisjobandreturnedtoChengdutoopenhisautomataworkshop.Tokeephimselfoccupiedwhilerunninghisworkshop,heplantedblueberries,raspberriesandcherries.Hewatered,weededandaddedfertilizer（肥料）everyday.“Dailyroutineshelpedmecalmdownandinspiremycreativity,whichresultedinanautomatoncalledToObservetheAutumn,”Yusays.Overtime,Yu’sreputationgrewandhisbusinessflourished（興旺）.ManyofYu’screationsarebuiltwithadashofwisdom,asprinkleofhumorandareinspiredbyobservationsofreallife.Yuknowsthattherearemanymorecreativeideaswaitingtobeexpressed.“ItfeelsquitegoodtobefullydevotedtoautomatacreationandIamstillsearchingformyself.”Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?Yuisequippedwithvariousskills.Yuisapersonfullofsenseofhumor.Yuisnowgainingrecognitionworldwide.Yuisfollowingthelatesttrendinhandcraft.WhydidYuquithisjobinBeijing?Hecouldn'tmakealivingoutofit.Hewantedtopursuehisowndream.HemissedhisfamilyinChengdu.Hethoughthehadalotexperience.AccordingtoYu,whatcontributestohiscreativityasanautomataartist?A.Thefruitshegrows. B.Successofhisbusiness.C.Hisdevotiontothejob. D.Observationfromdailylife.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYu’sstory?A.Thereisnoendtolearning. B.Greathopesmakegreatman.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Experienceisthemotherofwisdom.CInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,itiscommontoseerobotsintoourhomesintheformoftoysandvacuums（吸塵器）withoutquestion.Children’stoysthatrelyonroboticsforbothentertainmentandeducationarebecomingmorepopularandmoreeasilyaccessible.Robotvacuums,too,aresopopularthattheRoombahasevenearneditselfanameinpopulartelevision.Aselectionofotherhouseholdwarescanbepurchasedandownedforareasonablecost,buttheyalllookandperformlikevacuums.Ourdomestichelpersarecurrentlydesignedtovacuuming,mopping,sweepingandmowing.OfcoursethebestknownoftheseistheRoomba,butthereisactuallysomecompetitionamongsttheautonomousvacuummanufacturers.Roomba,madebyiRobot,nowcomesinseveraldesignsandhasbeenthroughmanyversionsofimprovements.Thebasicmodelisjustabout$400,butthere’samoreattractiveversion,completewithawirelesscommandcentertocontroltherobotfromanywhereinthehome.Samsungalsohasavacuum,calledtheSmartTango,whichmakesincreasedimprovementsontheRoombabyincludingbrushesforcleaningcorners.It’spossiblethatsomeofthelesswell-knownvacuumsmightbeevenmoreexciting,liketheNeatoRoboticsXVthattakesonasquareshapetobettercleancorners.Incremental（增值的）improvementsarewhatdrivethehomerobotindustry.Nowthatdomesticrobotsarebecomingmorepopular,thenearfutureshouldbeexciting.Ifwearegoingtowelcomerobotsintoourlivesandourhomes,weshouldexpectthemtoworkforit,andworkhard.It’sthedawnoftherobotrevolution,whetherwelikeitornot,anditwouldbegreattoseethattechnologyputtouseinmoreinnovative（創(chuàng)新的）ways.WhatdoesRoombainthepassagemean?A.Aman’snamewhohasboughtadomesticrobot. B.Anameofabigcompanywhomakesrobots.C.AtypeofvacuumwhosenameisRoomba. D.Aplacewherepeoplecanbuyproperrobots.TheSmartTangoisdifferentfromothertypesinthat .A.ithasawirelesscommandcenter B.ithasbrushesforcleaningcornersC.itismorefamousandexciting D.itisdrivenwithoutelectricityWhatcanweinferaccordingtothelastparagraph?Domesticrobotswillfreeusfromhousework.Domesticrobotswillbecomecheaperandcheaper.Domesticrobotshavebroughtenvironmentalrevolution.Domesticrobotstakestheleadinscienceandtechnology.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellinthepassage?Domesticrobotsarecloselyrelatedtoourdailylife.Itisinterestingtoseedomesticrobotsathome.Domesticrobotsaretooexpensiveformostpeople.Itisconvenienttobuyadomesticrobot.DIoncehadmyChineseMBAstudentsbrainstormingon“two-hourbusinessplans.”Iseparatedthemintosixgroupsandgavethemanexample:arestaurantchain.Themoreoriginaltheirideas,thebetter,Isaid.Finally,fiveofthesixgroupspresentedplansforrestaurantchains.Thesixthproposedacateringservice.ThoughIadmittedthetimelimithadbeendifficult,Iexpressedmydisappointment.Mystudentsweremiddlemanagers,financialanalystsandfinanciersfromstate-ownedenterprisesandglobalcompanies.Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.ThesceneIjustdescribedcameindifferentformsduringmytwoyearsteachingattheschool.PaperswereoftencopiedfromtheWebandtheHarvardBusinessReview.Casestudydebateswerewrittenupandjustmemorized.Studentsfrequentlysaidthatcopyingisasuperiorbusinessstrategy,betterthaninventingandcreating.InChina,everyproductyoucanimaginehasbeenmadeandsold.Butsofewwell-developedmarketingandmanagementmindshavebeenraisedthatitwillbealongtimebeforemostpeopleintheworldcannameaChinesebrand.Withthisprobleminmind,partnershipswithinstitutionslikeYaleandMIThavebeenestablished.Andthenthere'sthe“thousandtalentscheme.”thisnewgovernmentprogramisintendedtoimprovetechnologicalmodernizationbyattractingtopforeign-trainedscientiststothemainlandwithbigmoney.ButthereareworriesaboutChina'sresearchenvironment.It'shardlyknownforproducingindependentthinkingandopenness,andevenbigsalaryoffersmaynotbeattractiveenoughtoovercomethis.Atlast,forChina,becomingamajorworldcreatorisnotjustaboutsettinguppartnershipwithtopwesternuniversities.Norisitaboutgatheringagroupofwell-educatedpeopleandtellingthemtothinkcreatively.It'saboutestablishingarichlearningenvironmentforyoungminds.It'snotthatsimple.Whydoesthewriterfeeldisappointedathisstudents?Becausethereisonegrouppresentingacateringservice.Becausethesixgroupsdidnotcooperatewellinthebrainstorm.Becauseallthestudentscopiedacaseforthedifficulttopic.Becausethestudents'ideaswerelackingincreativeness.WhichofthefollowingscenesisNOTconsideredaslackofcreation?PaperswereoftendownloadedfromtheInternet.Studentsoftensaidthatcopyingisapreferablebusinessstrategy.Studentscombineknowledgeandcriticalthoughtstosolveaproblem.Casestudydebateswerewrittenupaswellasrecited.Wecaninferformthepassagethat .Chinacanmakeandsellanyproductallovertheworldfromitsowncreation.highpaymaynotsolvetheproblemofChina'sresearcherationwithinstitutionshasbeensetuptomakeaChinesebrand.thenewgovernmentprogramisaimedatencouragingimagination.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?ALookforanewwayoflearningB.RewardcreativethinkingC.Howtobecomeacreator D.Establishatechnicalenvironment第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Anyonewhoknowsmewellwouldseemeasanoptimist.___16___ThiswasthecaseformeonaparticularlycoldJanuaryday.IfeltexhaustedbythepainfulchallengesIwasdealingwithinmypersonallife.___17___—Thegrayskyblockedevenasinglerayofsunlight.Aboutmidwaythroughtheday,Ileftworktogetsomelunch.Stillfeelingnegative,Inoticedthatthesunhadcomeoutforamoment.IbegantothinkaboutmynegativeattitudeandremindedmyselfthatIwasresponsibleforchoosingmystateofmind.___18___EventhoughIremindedmyselfofthistruth,Icouldn’tmakethechange.AsIstoppedataredlight,Ilookedatthecarinfrontofmine.Thepersonalizedlicenseplatecaughtmyeye—Itread“SUNZOUT”.Thisbroughtanimmediatesmiletomyface.___19___Andinthemidstofthelongest,darkest,coldestwinter,thisinitselfwasablessing.ButthenmyeyesmovedtothecarthatwasnexttotheSUNZOUTvehicle.ThelicenseplateonthatcarreaduGROUCH,\ThisbroughtmorethanasmiletomyfaceasIlaughedoutloud!Seeingthetwooppositelicenseplatesatthatexactmomentintimestrengthenedmypreviousrecognitionofmyabilitytochoosemyattitude.___20___Ireturnedtoworkandsharemystorywithseveralco-workerswhorespondedwithwarmlaughteratwhatIrefertoasmy“messagefrombeyond”.Ilearnedthatdaythatwhenwe’refeelingtoodiscouragedtobringourselvesoutofanactivestate,reliefisonlyaprayeraway!TheweatherseemedtomatchmymoodPessimiststhinktheoppositeway,however.However,evenoptimistscantemporarilylosehope.Itfeltlikeareminderthatthesunwasshiningafterall.Doyouthinkthatthesunshinewillspreadthroughoutyourlife?IfeltmyspiritliftasImadethedecisiontochooseapositiveattitude.WhileIcouldnotignorethepainIwasgoingthrough,Icouldchoosetothinkpositively.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)WhenIwasinprimaryschool,Igotintoanargumentwithaboyinmyclass.Ican’t 21 whatthequarrelwasabout,butIhaveneverforgottenthe 22 learnedthatday.Iwas 23 that“I”wasrightand“he”waswrong—buthejust 24 thatIwaswrongand“he”wasright.Theteacher 25 toteachusaveryimportantlesson.Shebroughtus 26 tothefrontoftheclassandplacedhimononesideofherdeskandmeonthe27.Inthemiddleofherdeskwasalarge,roundobject.Icouldclearly 28 thatitwasblack.Sheaskedtheboy 29 color1theobjetwas.“White,”heanswered.Icouldn’t 30 hesaidtheobjectwaswhite,foritwas 31 black!Another 32 startedbetweenus;thistimeaboutthecolor1oftheobject.Theteachertoldmetogotostandtheplace 33 theboyhadbeenstandingandtoldhimtocometostandwhereIhadbeen.We 34 places,andnowsheaskedmewhatthecolor1oftheobjectwas.Ihadtoanswer,“White.”Itwasanobjectwithtwosidescolor1ed 35 ,andfromhis 36 itwaswhite.Onlyfrommysidewasitblack.Myteachertaughtmeavery 37 lessonthatday:Youmuststandintheotherpersons’ 38 andlookatthesituationthroughtheireyesinorderto 39 understandtheirperspective.Don’tholda(an) 40 asthewhole.21.A.forgetB.rememberC.understandD.explain22.A.lessonB.skillC.classD.detail23.A.fondB.devotedC.gratefulD.certain24.A.recognizedB.disagreedC.insistedD.threatened25.A.determinedB.respondedC.followedD.agreed26.A.onB.up C.down D.in27.A.oneB.anotherC.othersD.other28.A.enjoyB.seeC.appreciateD.imagine29.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.how30.A.believeB.allowC.standD.value31.A.equallyB.totallyC.brieflyD.obviously32.A.discussionB.argumentC.debateD.conversation33.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.which34.A.expectedB.experiencedC.exposedD.exchanged35.A.frequentlyB.clearlyC.rarelyD.differently36.A.sightB.viewpointC.sceneD.mind37.A.meaningfulB.faithfulC.magicD.attractiveA.coatsA.trulyA.detailB.socksB.directlyB.roleC.shoes D.hatsC.actually D.personallyC.part D.aspect第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Thewaterissittinginaround1000tanksattheformernuclearpowerstation,buttheamountisgrowing___41.___(day)asrainfallandgroundwater___42.___(enter)thesitecontinuetobepolluted.Withanaverageof160tonnesadaybeingaddedlastyear,theInternationalAtomicEnergyAgencyexpectsexistingcapacitywillbefullbymid-2022.Thatis___43.___theJapanesegovernmentisreportedlygoingtoapproveastrategy___44.___dischargingthewatertotheocean,as___45.___(recommend)byscientificadvisers.Thereleasewouldstartinaround2022andcontinuefordecades.Thenewssparkedimmediate___46.___(complain)fromJapanesefishinggroupsandcoveringwarningsthatChina___47.___(ban)Japaneseseafoodimports.Butarepeoplerighttobeworriedaboutthe___48.___(environment)andhealtheffectsofreleasingsuchalargeamountofcontaminatedwater?Muchoftheexistingwater___49.___(filter)alreadybyaprocessdesignedtoremovemorethan62radioactiv