河南省信陽市豐集中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語測(cè)試題含解析

河南省信陽市豐集中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Itwasnotuntilthescientistdied

weappreciatedthetruesignificanceofhisdiscoveries.

A.after

B.before

C.when

D.that參考答案：D略2.---Youdidverywellatthemeeting,Black.

---Well,Iregret___________thattotheboss.

A.say B.tosay C.said D.saying參考答案：D3.Undertheagreement,Chinawill_________hundredsofmillionsofpoundsindebtsowedtoitbysomeoftheworld’spoorestcountries.Whatareliefforthem!A.sack

B.conduct

C.assess

D.cancel

參考答案：D4..Whatimpressesmemostis____heappearsinfrontofothers,hewearsasincereandcharmingsmile.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.thatwhenever參考答案：D略5.Todaytherearemoreairplanes___morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.A.carry

B.carrying

C.carried

D.tobecarrying參考答案：B6.—Director,Jackisill,sohecan’tbehere.—Thenwe’llhavenochoicebuttogivetheperformance_______him.A．exceptfor

B．a(chǎn)partfrom

C．except

D．without參考答案：D7.

Inmanyshopsthecustomerhastowaitforsomeoneto________him.Andwhenfinallysomeclerkappearskindenoughtonoticeyou,youaremadetofeelasifyouwereinterruptinghim.A.catchon

B.callon

C.waiton

D.takeon參考答案：C8.—Lindadidn’tinviteustoherbirthdayparty.

—_______?Idon’tcare.A.Forwhat

B.Sowhat

C.what’son

D.what’sup參考答案：B9.Thefluisbelieved_______byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused

參考答案：C10..Onlyafterthewomanhadherownchild____howdifficultitwastobeamother.

A.sherealized

B.hadsherealized

C.shehadrealized

D.didsherealize參考答案：D略11.TheweatherinEnglandischangeable,

itsreputation.A.lookingupto

B.livinguptoC.makingupfor

D.standingupfor參考答案：B考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A.lookingupto尊敬；B.livingupto不辜負(fù)；C.makingupfor彌補(bǔ)；

D.standingupfor支持，堅(jiān)持。英國的天氣變化無常，名不虛傳。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語，故答案為B。12.Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook

picturesofthem.

A.manyof

B.massesof

C.thenumberof

D.alargeamountof參考答案：B略13.

studentswhatisthemostdifficultcourseinhighschool,andmostofthemwillgiveyouthesameanswer:maths.A.Ask

B.Asking

C.Asked

D.Tobeasked參考答案：A14.

_______moreandmoreforestsdestroyed,someanimalsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.

A.With

B.By

C.As

D.For參考答案：A15._______,theclimberswouldtrytheirbesttoreachitstopwithouttheaidfromotherpeople.A.Howeverthemountainmightbehigh

B.HoweverhighthemountainmightbeC.Nomatterhowthemountainmightbehigh

D.Nomatterhighthemountainmightbe參考答案：B略16.--Readytoquitguessing,Sandy?--No,no,Iholdon!IthinkI

______

totheanswer.A.come

B.havecome

C.amcoming

D.came參考答案：C二、完型填空17.SanfordGreenbergwasoncealuckyguy.ApoorkidfromBuffalo,NewYork,hewas__21__intoColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarshipandhadagreat__22__,ArthurGarfunkel.Butinhisthirdyearofcollege,Greenberg’s___23_changed—hewasgoingblind.Hewasso___24_thatherefusedtoseeanyonefromcollege.ButGarfunkelwentuptoBuffalo,__25__GreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaandofferedtobehis__26___Greenbergreturnedtocampus.Garfunkelandtwootherroommatesreadtextbookstohim,takingtimeoutformtheirownstudies,andGreenberg__27__scoringstraightA’s._28___,hewasafraidofgettingaroundaloneandreliedonhisfriendstohelphim.Then,oneafternoon,GreenbergandGarfunkelwenttoMidtownManhattan.WhenitwastimeforGreenbergto__29__,Garfunkelsaidhehadanappointmentandcouldn’t__30__him.Greenbergpanicked.Theyargued,andGarfunkelwalkedoff,leavingGreenberg__31__inGrandCentralTerminal.Greenbergstumbled(跌跌撞撞地走)throughtherush-hourcrowd.He_32___ashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare,thenchangedtoanuptowntrain.Fourmileslater,he__33__attheColumbiaUniversitystop.Attheuniversity’sgate,someone__34__him.“Oops,excuseme,sir”Greenberg__35__thevoice.ItwasGarfunkel’s.Greenberg’sfirst_36___wasanger,butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust___37__--andrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.“Itwasoneofthemostbrilliant___38_”Greenbergsays.“Arthurhadbeenwithmethewholeway.”Aftergraduation,Greenberggothisdoctor’sdegreefromHarvardandbecameasuccessfulinventorandbusinessman.__39_____blind,Greenbergseeseverything.“Youaretalking,”healwayssays,“tothe___40__manintheworld.”21．A．transported

B．a(chǎn)dmitted

C．introduced

D．forced22．A．teacher

B．father

C．roommate

D．doctor23．A．fortune

B．a(chǎn)ttitude

C．plan

D．career24．A．busy

B．a(chǎn)shamed

C．shy

D．upset25．A．promised

B．persuaded

C．a(chǎn)llowed

D．reminded26．A．guard

B．recorder

C．reader

D．cook27．A．putoff

B．endedup

C．thoughtof

D．feltlike28．A．Still

B．So

C．Instead

D．Besides29．A．pay

B．start

C．perform

D．return30．A．recommend

B．instruct

C．a(chǎn)ccompany

D．replace31．A．crying

B．working

C．hungry

D．a(chǎn)lone32．A．took

B．left

C．heard

D．saw33．A．caughtup

B．gaveup

C．setoff

D．gotoff34．A．noticed

B．raninto

C．waitedfor

D．welcomed35．A．remembered

B．liked

C．knew

D．followed36．A．impression

B．decision

C．suggestion

D．reaction37．A．predicted

B．a(chǎn)ccomplished

C．demanded

D．witnessed38．A．ideas

B．goals

C．inventions

D．stories39．A．When

B．Until

C．Though

D．Unless40．A．luckiest

B．cleverest

C．warmest

D．richest參考答案：21．

B

22．

C

23．

A

24．

D

25．

B

26．

C

27．

B

28．

A

29．

D

30．

C

31．

D

32．

A

33．

D

34．

B

35．

C

36．

D

37．

B

38．

A

39．

C

40．

A

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述桑福德·格林伯格的坎坷人生經(jīng)歷。他曾經(jīng)是個(gè)幸運(yùn)的人。他是一個(gè)來自紐約布法羅的窮孩子，憑借著全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金被哥倫比亞大學(xué)錄取，他有一個(gè)很棒的室友，阿瑟·加芬克爾。但是在他大學(xué)的第三年，格林伯格的命運(yùn)發(fā)生了變化——他失明了。畢業(yè)后，Greenberg從哈佛大學(xué)獲得博士學(xué)位，成為一名成功的發(fā)明家和商人。Greenberg雖然失明，但他能明白一切。21．考查動(dòng)詞。A.transported運(yùn)輸，搬運(yùn)；

B.admitted承認(rèn)；

C.introduced介紹；

D.forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)ApoorkidfromBuffalo,NewYork,hewas___1___intoColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarshipandhadagreat___2___,ArthurGarfunkel.可知，他是一個(gè)來自紐約布法羅的窮孩子，憑借著全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金被哥倫比亞大學(xué)錄取，他有一個(gè)很棒的室友，阿瑟·加芬克爾。故選B。22．考查名詞。A.teacher教師；

B.father父親；

C.roommate室友；

D.doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)ApoorkidfromBuffalo,NewYork,hewas___1___intoColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarshipandhadagreat___2___,ArthurGarfunkel.可知，他是一個(gè)來自紐約布法羅的窮孩子，憑借著全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金被哥倫比亞大學(xué)錄取，他有一個(gè)很棒的室友，阿瑟·加芬克爾。故選C。23．考查名詞。A.fortune運(yùn)氣；

B.attitude態(tài)度；

C.plan計(jì)劃；

D.career事業(yè)。根據(jù)Butinhisthirdyearofcollege,Greenberg’s___3___changed—hewasgoingblind.可知，但是在他大學(xué)的第三年，格林伯格的命運(yùn)發(fā)生了變化——他失明了。結(jié)合句意可知答案為A。24．考查形容詞。A.busy忙碌的；

B.ashamed羞愧的；

C.shy害羞的；

D.upset煩惱的。根據(jù)Hewasso___4___thatherefusedtoseeanyonefromcollege.可知，他心煩意亂，拒絕見大學(xué)里的任何人。故選D。25．考查動(dòng)詞。A.promised許諾；

B.persuaded勸說；

C.allowed允許；

D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)ButGarfunkelwentuptoBuffalo,___5___GreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaandofferedtobehis___6___可知，但是Garfunkel去了Buffalo，說服Greenberg回到哥倫比亞大學(xué)做他的讀者。該句中的But表示轉(zhuǎn)折，將上下句連在一起，根據(jù)上句中的refused可知此空答案為B。26．考查名詞。A.guard守衛(wèi)；

B.recorder錄音機(jī)；

C.reader讀者；

D.cook廚師。根據(jù)ButGarfunkelwentuptoBuffalo,___5___GreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaandofferedtobehis___6___可知，但是Garfunkel去了Buffalo，說服Greenberg回到哥倫比亞大學(xué)做他的讀者。結(jié)合句意可知答案為C。27．考查動(dòng)詞短語。A.putoff推遲；

B.endedup結(jié)束；

C.thoughtof考慮，想到；

D.feltlike想要。根據(jù)Garfunkelandtwootherroommatesreadtextbookstohim,takingtimeoutformtheirownstudies,andGreenberg___7___scoringstraightA’s.可知，Garfunkel和另外兩名室友給他讀課本，抽出時(shí)間完成自己的學(xué)業(yè)，Greenberg最終獲得了全A。固定搭配：endupdoingsth.“以做某事而結(jié)束”。故選B。28．考查副詞。A.Still仍然；

B.So所以；

C.Instead相反，反而；

D.Besides另外，此外。根據(jù)___8___,hewasafraidofgettingaroundaloneandreliedonhisfriendstohelphim.可知，盡管如此，他還是害怕獨(dú)自出行，并依賴朋友的幫助。此處still“仍然”符合語境，故答案為A。29．考查動(dòng)詞。A.pay支付；

B.start開始；

C.perform執(zhí)行，完成；

D.return返回，歸還。根據(jù)WhenitwastimeforGreenbergto___9___,Garfunkelsaidhehadanappointmentandcouldn’t___10___him.可知，當(dāng)Greenberg回來的時(shí)候，Garfunkel說他有個(gè)約會(huì)，不能陪他。此處return“返回”，故答案為D。30．考查動(dòng)詞。A.recommend推薦；

B.instruct指導(dǎo)；

C.accompany陪伴；

D.replace替換，代替。根據(jù)WhenitwastimeforGreenbergto___9___,Garfunkelsaidhehadanappointmentandcouldn’t___10___him.可知，當(dāng)Greenberg回來的時(shí)候，Garfunkel說他有個(gè)約會(huì)，不能陪他。結(jié)合上句的reliedonhisfriendstohelphim.所以這里應(yīng)該是“陪伴”，故選C。31．考查形容詞。A.crying叫喊的；

B.working工作的；

C.hungry饑餓的；

D.alone獨(dú)自的，單獨(dú)的。根據(jù)Theyargued,andGarfunkelwalkedoff,leavingGreenberg___11___inGrandCentralTerminal.可知，他們吵了起來，Garfunkel走開了，把Greenberg一個(gè)人留在GrandCentralTerminal。leavesb.alone“把某人單獨(dú)留下”，故選D。32．考查動(dòng)詞。A.took拿走；

B.left離開；

C.heard聽見；

D.saw看見。根據(jù)He___12___ashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare,thenchangedtoanuptowntrain.可知，他乘擺渡車向西到時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)，然后換乘上城的火車。固定搭配：takeatrain“乘火車”。故選A。33．考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A.caughtup抓起，捉??；

B.gaveup放棄；

C.setoff出發(fā)，開始；

D.gotoff下車。根據(jù)Fourmileslater,he___13___attheColumbiaUniversitystop.可知，四英里后，他在哥倫比亞大學(xué)站下了車。此處getoff“下車”，故選D。34．考查動(dòng)詞。A.noticed注意到；

B.raninto偶然碰見；

C.waitedfor等待；

D.welcomed歡迎。根據(jù)Fourmileslater,he___13___attheColumbiaUniversitystop.Attheuniversity’sgate,someone___14___him.可知，四英里后，他在哥倫比亞大學(xué)站下了車。在大學(xué)門口，有人碰到了他。固定詞組：runinto“撞上，偶然遇見”，結(jié)合句意可知選B。35．考查動(dòng)詞。A.remembered記得；

B.liked喜歡；

C.knew知道；

D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)“Oops,excuseme,sir”Greenberg___15___thevoice.可知，“噢，對(duì)不起，先生?！盙reenberg認(rèn)得那個(gè)聲音。結(jié)合句意可知答案為C。36．考查名詞。A.impression印象；

B.decision決定；

C.suggestion建議；

D.reaction反應(yīng)。根據(jù)Greenberg’sfirst___16___wasanger,butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust___17___--andrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.可知，Greenberg的第一反應(yīng)是憤怒，但緊接著，他意識(shí)到自己剛剛完成了什么——也意識(shí)到是誰讓這一切成為可能。結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。37．考查動(dòng)詞。A.predicted預(yù)測(cè)；

B.accomplished完成；

C.demanded要求；

D.witnessed目睹。根據(jù)Greenberg’sfirst___16___wasanger,butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust___17___--andrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.可知，Greenberg的第一反應(yīng)是憤怒，但緊接著，他意識(shí)到自己剛剛完成了什么——也意識(shí)到是誰讓這一切成為可能。故選B。38．考查名詞。A.ideas主意，想法；

B.goals目標(biāo)；

C.inventions發(fā)明；

D.stories故事。根據(jù)“Itwasoneofthemostbrilliant___18___”Greenbergsays.可知，Greenberg說:“這是最聰明的想法之一?！惫蔬xA。39．考查狀語從句。A.When當(dāng)------時(shí)候；

B.Until直到------為止；

C.Though盡管；

D.Unless除非。根據(jù)Aftergraduation,Greenberggothisdoctor’sdegreefromHarvardandbecameasuccessfulinventorandbusinessman.___19___blind,Greenbergseeseverything.可知，畢業(yè)后，Greenberg從哈佛大學(xué)獲得博士學(xué)位，成為一名成功的發(fā)明家和商人。Greenberg雖然失明，但他能明白一切。結(jié)合句意可知此處是though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，故選C。40．考查形容詞最高級(jí)。A.luckiest最幸運(yùn)的；

B.cleverest最聰明的；

C.warmest最溫暖的；

D.richest最富有的。根據(jù)“Youaretalking,”healwayssays,“tothe___20___manintheworld.”再結(jié)合第一段第一句SanfordGreenbergwasoncealuckyguy.可知，“你在和世界上最幸運(yùn)的人說話，”他總是說。“l(fā)uckiest”最符合語境，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】解完形填空題時(shí)，單獨(dú)看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要閱讀下句或者若干句才能明白。所謂上下對(duì)照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做題時(shí)要邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。本題第20小題，根據(jù)“Youaretalking,”healwayssays,“tothe___20___manintheworld.”再結(jié)合第一段第一句SanfordGreenbergwasoncealuckyguy.可知，“你在和世界上最幸運(yùn)的人說話，”他總是說。“l(fā)uckiest”最符合語境，故選A。三、閱讀理解18.Whenonetriedtounifygravitywithquantummechanics(量子力學(xué)),onehadtointroducetheideaof‘imaginary’time.Ifonecangoforwardinimaginarytime,oneoughttobeabletoturnroundandgobackward.Thismeansthattherecanbenoimportantdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsofimaginarytime.Yetthereisabigdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsof‘realtime’inordinarylife.Imagineacupofwaterfallingoffatableandbreakingintopiecesonthefloor.Ifyoutakeafilmofthis,youcaneasilytellwhetheritisbeingrunforwardorbackward.Youcantellthatthefilmisbeingrunbackwardbecausethiskindofbehaviorisneverobservedinordinarylife.Theexplanationthatisusuallygivenastowhywedon’tseebrokencupsgatheringthemselvestogetheroffthefloorandjumpingbackontothetableisthatitisforbiddenbythesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué)).Thissaysthatinanyclosedsystemdisorder,orentropy(熵),alwaysincreaseswithtime.Inotherwords,itisaformofMurphy’slaw:thingsalwaystendtogowrong!Anintactcuponthetableisastateofhighorder,butabrokencuponthefloorisadisorderedstate.Onecangoreadilyfromthecuponthetableinthepasttothebrokencuponthefloorinthefuture,butnottheotherwayround.Theincreaseofdisorderorentropywithtimeisoneexampleofwhatiscalledanarrowoftime,somethingthattellsthepastfromthefuture,givingadirectiontotime.Thereareatleastthreedifferentarrowsoftime.First,thereisthethermodynamicarrowoftime,thedirectionoftimeinwhichdisorderorentropyincreases.Then,thereisthepsychologicalarrowoftime.Thisisthedirectioninwhichwefeeltimepasses,thedirectioninwhichwerememberthepastbutnotthefuture.Finally,thereisthecosmologicalarrowoftime.Thisisthedirectionoftimeinwhichtheuniverseisexpandingratherthancontracting.12.Howdoes‘imaginarytime’differfrom‘realtime’accordingtothepassage?A.Imaginarytimeismoreimportantthanrealtimeinscience.B.Directionsmeanlesstoimaginarytimethantorealtime.C.Onecangobackwardinrealtimebutcan’tinimaginarytime.D.Itishardertotelldirectionsofrealtimethanofimaginarytime13.What’sthepurposeofwritingaboutacupofwaterfallingoffatable?A.Todefinetheforwardandbackwarddirectionsofrealtime.B.TotellthebackwarddirectionfromtheforwarddirectionofrealtimeC.Toshowrealtimeismorescientificthanimaginarytimeinordinarylife.D.Toprovethere’sabigdifferencebetweenthedirectionsofrealtime.14.Whydon’tweseebrokencupsgatheringthemselvestogetheroffthefloorandjumpingbackontothetable?A.Itdoesn’tagreewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics.B.Thingswillquicklygowrongforentropyincreaseswithtime.C.ThereisaninterchangebetweenastateofhighorderandadisorderedstateD.Allabove.15.Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A.universal B.physicalC.technological D.geographical參考答案：12.B

13.D

14.A

15.A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)人們?cè)噲D將引力與量子力學(xué)統(tǒng)一起來時(shí)，就必須引入“假想”時(shí)間的概念。這意味著，在假想時(shí)間的正向和反向方向之間不可能有什么重要的區(qū)別。然而，在日常生活中，“實(shí)時(shí)”的前進(jìn)和后退方向有很大的不同。最后，還有宇宙時(shí)間之箭。這是宇宙膨脹而不是收縮的時(shí)間方向?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Thismeansthattherecanbenoimportantdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsofimaginarytime.Yetthereisabigdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsof‘realtime’inordinarylife.Imagineacupofwaterfallingoffatableandbreakingintopiecesonthefloor.“這意味著，在假想時(shí)間的正向和反向方向之間不可能有什么重要的區(qū)別。然而，在日常生活中，“實(shí)時(shí)”的前進(jìn)和后退方向有很大的不同?！笨芍?，根據(jù)這篇文章，“假想時(shí)間”和“真實(shí)時(shí)間”的不同是“方向?qū)μ摃r(shí)間的意義小于對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)間的意義。”故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Yetthereisabigdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsof‘realtime’inordinarylife.Imagineacupofwaterfallingoffatableandbreakingintopiecesonthefloor.“然而，在日常生活中，“實(shí)時(shí)”的前進(jìn)和后退方向有很大的不同。想象一杯水從桌子上掉下來，在地板上摔成了碎片?！笨芍?，寫一杯從桌子上掉下來的水的目的是來證明實(shí)時(shí)方向之間有很大的不同。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Theexplanationthatisusuallygivenastowhywedon’tseebrokencupsgatheringthemselvestogetheroffthefloorandjumpingbackontothetableisthatitisforbiddenbythesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué)).“通常的解釋是，為什么我們沒有看到破碎的杯子從地板上聚攏起來，然后跳回到桌子上，這是熱力學(xué)第二定律所禁止的”?？芍?，我們沒有看到破碎的杯子從地板上聚攏起來，然后跳回到桌子上去是因?yàn)椤八环蠠崃W(xué)第二定律?！惫蔬xA?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Thisisthedirectionoftimeinwhichtheuniverseisexpandingratherthancontracting.“這是宇宙膨脹而不是收縮的時(shí)間方向?！庇纱送浦暇鋭澗€詞的意思是“宇宙的”。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】做詞義猜測(cè)題時(shí)，利用上下文提供的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推測(cè)詞義，。最常見的就是利用上下文語境、常識(shí)和語法關(guān)系推斷詞義。尤其是要抓住所需推斷詞匯前后的內(nèi)容。本題第4小題，根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Thisisthedirectionoftimeinwhichtheuniverseisexpandingratherthancontracting.“這是宇宙膨脹而不是收縮的時(shí)間方向?！庇纱送浦暇鋭澗€詞的意思是“宇宙的”。故選A。19.閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Facedwithatoughjobmarket,freshgraduatesaredreamingofrunningtheirownbusinessesinstead.Butarecentsurveyhasshowedthatsuchambitionslacktherequiredsupportandremainjustthat—dreams.TheShanghaiMunicipalEmploymentPromotionCenterpollofl,276graduatesinseveraluniversitiesandcollegesinthecityshowed59.78percentofrespondentsconsideredthepossibilityofsettingupacompanyoratleastasmallstore.“Buttheyjuststopatthe‘thinking’stage,”itstated.Respondentsputthetopreasonsfornotdoingitalonedowntoashortageofinvestmentandalackofbusinessopportunity.Theyalsolistedlackofbusinessexperienceandsocialnetworks,theneedforadvancedstudyandobjectionsfromfamily