九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ThePresentPerfectTense定義：①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。②表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。E.G我的奶奶已經(jīng)在漳州住三年了MygrandmahaslivedinZhangzhouforfortyyears.E.G李平已經(jīng)學(xué)英語(yǔ)三年了，因此他英語(yǔ)講得很好。LiPinghaslearnedEnglishforthreeyears,sohecanspeakEnglishwell.基本句型：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+done…否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+done…一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+done…肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.否定回答：

No,主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+done她已經(jīng)解答出那道數(shù)學(xué)題了。否定句一般疑問(wèn)句回答：肯定否定Shehasworkedoutthemathproblem.Shehasnotworkedoutthemathproblem.Hassheworkedoutthemathproblem?Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.3.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則原形--過(guò)去式--過(guò)去分詞allowrefusetidychat

直接加ed以e結(jié)尾加d

以輔音+y去y+ied

以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再加ed1.規(guī)則變化allowedallowedrefusedrefusedtidiedtidiedchattedchatted2.不規(guī)則變化：cost

beatbecomebringbeginAAB型costcost原形--過(guò)去式--過(guò)去分詞beatbeatenAAA型becamebecomeABA型ABB型broughtbroughtbeganbegunABC型4.have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別

have/hasbeento表示“曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地”，暗示人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了而have/hasgoneto表示“已經(jīng)去某地了”，暗示人不在說(shuō)話(huà)地點(diǎn)。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過(guò)上海。（已經(jīng)回來(lái)）HehasgonetoShanghai.他已經(jīng)去上海了。（還沒(méi)回來(lái)）Exercise:Fillintheblankswithhave/hasbeento

orhave/hasgonetoA:Hi,WangWei.Nicetoseeyouagain.B:Hi,Jack.Nicetoseeyou,too.A:WangWei,where_____you______?B:I_______________Jiuzhaigou.A:Didyouenjoyyourselfthere?B:Yes,Idid.Bytheway,whereisTom?Ididn’tseehimtoday.A:Well,he_____________Fuzhou.B:Howsoonwillhecomeback?A:Intwodays.

havebeen

havebeento

hasgoneto1.just---剛剛,剛才；一般用于肯定句中她剛剛看過(guò)新聞。

Shehasjustwatchedthenews.5.justalreadyyeteverneverbefore用法一般放在have/has后面have/hasjustdone…2.already---已經(jīng)；多用于肯定句中他們已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。Theyhavealreadyseenthisfilm.3.yet---已經(jīng)，尚、還；多用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句句末他們完成作業(yè)了嗎？Havetheyfinishedtheirhomeworkyet?不，他們還沒(méi)完成作業(yè)。No,theyhaven’tfinishedhomeworkyet.或簡(jiǎn)單回答成:No,notyet.4.ever---曾經(jīng)；表示到現(xiàn)在為止的任何時(shí)候，多用于疑問(wèn)句中

你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)北京嗎？

HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?5.never---未曾，從來(lái)沒(méi)有；否定詞，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示以前從未做過(guò)某事

6.before---以前；指過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前所發(fā)生的事，用于完成時(shí)，多與never連用

以前我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)你。

Ihaveneverseenyoubefore.

他從未讀過(guò)那本小說(shuō)。

Hehasneverreadthatnovelbefore.Fillintheblankswith:already/yet/ever/never/just/before---Haveyou______visitedtheGreatWall?---Yes,manytimes.2)---Hurryup!Hehas_______waitedforusfortwohours.3)Whenyouarrive,Tomhas______left.4)Ihave_______seensuchaninterestingfilm_______.5)---Haveyouwateredtheplants_______?---Yes,Ihave.

ever

already

just

never

before

yet6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for,since(自從）引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用。

e.g.:Hehaslivedinthecityforfortyyears.

他住在這座城市已經(jīng)40年了。

HehaslearnedEnglishsince1990.

自從1990年，他就一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。for+時(shí)間段

since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)\時(shí)間段+ago

從句（過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)）

twohoursayearthreemonthsseveralweeks

oneo’clock2008lastmonthyesterdayhalfanhouragohearrived.

forsinceExercise:Fillintheblankswithfor

orsince.Shehaslivedinthiscity_______fiveyears.Ihavetaughtintheschool_______tenyearsago.Theoldmanhasbeenill________lastmonth.TheboyhaswatchedTV______anhour.Hehasbeenadoctor________1999.Mr.Yanghasworkedinthefactory_______hemovedthere.

for

since

since

for

since

since1.針對(duì)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/for+時(shí)間段的提問(wèn)用howlong.Thebabyhassleptfornineandahalfhours.

Howlonghasthebabyslept?Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactorysince1990.

Howlonghasyourmotherworkedinthisfactory?Attention!Attention!2.for+時(shí)間段與since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)常可進(jìn)行替換。HehaslivedinZhangzhouforsixyears.=HehaslivedinZhangzhousincesixyearsago.Ihavebeenbacksincelastweek.=Ihavebeenbackforoneweek.7、在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中，應(yīng)使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(for…,since…)連用。如：Ihaveboughtthenewbike.Ihaveboughtthenewbikefortwodays.√×當(dāng)它需要與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，通常要進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Ihavehadthenewbikefortwodays.常見(jiàn)的詞有：

leave—beaway(from),

borrow—keep,

buy—have,

die—bedead,

begin/start—beon,

join—beamemberof…/beinbecome—be,

fall

ill—beill短暫性V.與延續(xù)性V.的互換

come\arrive----be

open----beopen

close---beclosed

lose---haven’thad

die---bedead1.HeleftChinaforAustraliain2005.（since

）Hehasbeenaway

fromChinasince2005.2.Heborrowedthebooklastweek.（for）

Hehaskeptthebookforoneweek.Exercise:8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別含義不同時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與ever，already，never，just，yet,recently,for+一段時(shí)間，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)等連用一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與：1.yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday...2.lastnight/week/Sunday/year...3.justnow,in1990等連用

語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的情況。如：2000年以來(lái)他一直住在廈門(mén)。

（強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還住在那里）

2000年他住在廈門(mén)。

（不涉及他現(xiàn)在是否還住在那里）HehaslivedinXiamensince2000.HelivedinXiamenin2000.句型練習(xí)：1.她已經(jīng)解答出那道數(shù)學(xué)題了。Shehasworkedoutthemathproblem.2.我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了?，F(xiàn)在我可以看電視了。Ihavefinisheddoingthehomework.NowIcanwatchTV.3.我已經(jīng)告訴她那個(gè)好消息了,她感到很高興。Ihavetoldherthegoodnews,andshefeelsveryhappy.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+done…否定句:主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t+done…Shehasworkedoutthemathproblem.否定句：Shehasn’tworkedoutthemathproblem.Theyhavehadsomebread.否定句：Theyhaven’thadanybread.一般疑問(wèn)句:Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+done…?肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.否定回答：

No,主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.Wehavefinishedthework.一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定回答：否定回答：Haveyoufinishedthework?Yes,wehave.