2023年高考英語(yǔ)二模試題分項(xiàng)匯編-六選四（原題版）（上海）

專題07六選四-學(xué)易金卷：2023年高考英語(yǔ)二模試題分項(xiàng)匯編（原題版）

（2023?上海虹口?統(tǒng)考二模）Doanimalshavefeelings?

Peopleoftenassignfeelingstoanimals.Thatzoopolarbear'svacantstaremustmeanhe'ssad.Theuh-oh

expressionadogflashesafterknockingoverthegarbageindicatesshame.Butscientistshaven'tdetermined

whetherthesehuman-likeexpressionsreallymeananything.Afterall,it'sverydifficulttoreadadog'smind.

Scientistsbelievethatcertainbraincellsinhumanscalledspindle（棱形細(xì)胞）areresponsiblefor

humansocialbehaviorandtheinterplaybetweenthoughtsandfeelings.Studieshaverevealedthatchimpanzee,

dolphinandwhalebrainsalsopossessspindlecells.____1

Evenanimalsthatdon'thavespindlecells,suchasdogs,haveshownbehaviorsthatcansuggesta

human-likesocialsense.____2____Scientistsreportthatthisshowsdogsaresensitivetohumansocialcues

andareabletocorrectlyinterpretthem.Still,thisonlyprovesthatdogsknowhowtofindfood,notthatthey

havefeelings.

Observationsofapeshavealsorevealedbehaviorthatappearstorepresentvarioushuman-likedesires.In

sometests,chimpanzeesdemonstratewhatlookslikealtruism（利他主義）helpingtheirownkindandeven

otherspecieswithouttheexpectationofareward.

3Inarecentstudy,aBarnardCollegeresearchertesteddogstoseeiftheirguiltylookswere

linkedtoactualbadbehavior.Dogsweretemptedwithatreatandtoldbytheirownersnottoeatit.Thedog's

ownersweren'tallowedtoseewhethertheirpetshadeatenthetreatornot,butweretoldeitherthattheydidor

thattheydidn't,andweretheninstructedtoscoldthedogsthatdisobeyed.Theexperimentersnotedthat

scoldeddogsshowedaguiltylookwhetherornottheyhadactuallydonewrong.

4Aguiltylooksuggestsafeelingofguiltinahumanbutnotnecessarilyinadog,accordingto

theBarnardresearch.Similarly,evenapparentempathy）behaviormightnotactuallymeanthesefeelings

arepresentinthebrainsofanimals.

A.Althoughtheseareallanimalsthatcanactpeople-like,thepresenceofthesecellsdoesnotmeanthatthe

animalshavefeelings.

B.Anyonewhoclaimstoknowwhatanimalsfeeldoesn'thavescienceontheirside.

C.Inrecentexperiments,dogshaveshownthattheyknowtofollowahuman'spointedfingertofindafood

treat.

D.Manypeoplethinkthatempathyisaspecialemotiononlyhumansshow.

E.Otherexperimentshavecastdoubtthatanimalbehaviorcanreliablysignifyanunderlyingfeeling.

F.Thisillustratesthedifficultyinaccuratelyinterpretinganimalbehaviorasamarkerofhuman-likefeelings.

（2023?上海長(zhǎng)寧?統(tǒng)考二模）Greeningtheblue

Istherea“natural“waytoenhancethepotentialoftheoceanstolockawayclimate-warmingCO2?

PlantingmoretreesonlandcanhelpdrawdownmoreCO2fromtheatmosphere-thebasisofmanyplansfor

carboncreditsthatcompaniesbuytooffsettheiremissions（抵消其排放）.5Seaweedforestsand

saltmarshes（鹽堿灘）arecommonexamples.

Someregardthepotentialforthis“bluecarbon“ashuge,althoughasyetthereisnomechanismfor

integratingitintocarbonoffsettingplans.JohnVirdinofDukeUniversityinNorthCarolinasays,

“6"Headds,“Youhavetogooutandmeasureallthecarbonthat'sthere,youhavetoshowthatit's

notgoingtobelost,youhavetokeepmonitoringit."Virdinandothershaveproposedextendinganexisting

land-basedplancalledREDD+（reducingemissionsfromdeforestationandforestdegradation）totheocean,

butthatisanideawhoseshiphasyettosail.

7InMarch,theUKgovernment'sclimateadviser,theClimateChangeCommittee,foundthat

restoringandcreatingseagrassandsaltmarshecosystemsinthecountrywouldonlylockawayasmallamount

ofCO2,removing“weHbelow"1milliontonnesayear.Nonetheless,theseareefficientcarbonstoresaccording

tothecommittee.8

A.Usingtheoceansasasolutiontoclimatechangeishardlyanewidea.

B.Thereisstillsomedoubtabouthowbigthemarineoffsettingeffectmightbe.

C.It'sreallyhardtoturnbluecarbonconservationandrestorationintocarboncreditsthatyoucansell.

D.Somethingsimilarmightworkintheoceans,bystimulatingthegrowthofmarineandcoastalecosystems.

E.Andconservingthemisimportantgivenhowmuchfishingandotheractivitieshavedegradedthem.

F.Thebigobjectiontoalltheseplansisthepossibilityofnegativeenvironmentalsideeffects.

（2023,上海靜安?統(tǒng)考二模）Tipping,customerspayingserviceworkers,usuallyatrestaurants,for

servicestheyreceive,hasbeenaregularpartofAmericancultureforwelloveracentury,buttheemergenceof

newtechnologyandshiftingexpectationshaveshakenlong-standingnormsaroundthepractice.That

uncertainty,togetherwiththepressureitcanoftencreate,hasleftsomeconsumersfeelingexhaustedbythe

frequencywithwhichthey'reforcedtodecidewhichworkerstotipandhowmuch.

Abigreasonforthegrowthofwhatisbeingcalled“tiptiredness^^istheincreasingpresenceofdigital

paymentsystems,whichhavereplacedtraditionalcashregistersatmostbusinesses.Suddenly,ratherthanbeing

giventhechancetodropadollarinatipjar,customersareconfrontedwithatablet.9Theyhaveto

tipforservicesthey'dneverconsideredtippingforinthepast.

Tippingalsomakeslaborlawsmorecomplicated.Inallbutahandfulofstates,employersareallowedto

paytippedworkersbelowminimumwage.Insomecases,thestandardisaslowas$2.13perhour,aslongas

workersmakeenoughintipstoearntheequivalentofminimumwage.10____Manypeoplearedebating

overwhethertippingsystemneedarepair—orevenshouldbecancelledaltogether.Theysaytippingneedsto

beeliminatedandreplacedbyafairwageforallserviceworkers.Thetippingpracticeincreasesthepossibility

thatemployeescan'tgetwhattheydeserve.11____Inmanycases,customers?tipamountsarelargely

guidedbyfactorsotherthanqualityoftheservicetheyreceive,whichmakesthesituationevenworse.

However,defendersofthecurrentarrangementsayit'sstillthebestoption.12Itprovidesa

chanceforworkerstohavemorecontrolovertheirfinancialwelfare.Ifarestaurantisdoingwellbecauseit's

safelyoperated,properlymanagedanddeliversgreatfood,customerswillusuallytip.Andwhenthathappens,

everyone——fromthewaitstafftothedishwashers——canshareinthebusiness'ssuccess.

A.Thefrustrationaboutsuchshiftingwagepaymenthasaddednewwrinklestothecontroversy.

B.Thediversityoftippingchannelssomewhateasestheconflictsindecidingtheamountoftips.

C.Noworkersshouldhavetheirlivelihooddependontheircustomers,mercy.

D.Thepopularityofdigitalpoint-of-salesystemshasalsomeantconsumersarebeingaskedtotipmore

frequently.

E.Tipping,againstmanypeople'swills,establishesanewcustomer-serverrelationship.

F.It'sbelievedthattippingistheultimateprofit-sharingplan.

（2023?上海浦東新?統(tǒng)考二模）Asabotanistswhostudiesourculturalrelationshipwithplants,Iam

foreverfascinatedwithwhatdrawspeopletogardening.

Admittedly,connectingwiththenaturalworldmightseemlikeanobviousmotivation,andundoubtedlyit

isakeypartoftheattraction.___13___Iftheywere,we'dabandonanyattemptsatdesign,plantingorcareand

watchhowwallsofweedsslowlygavewaytothemassofbushes.Butthatwouldn'tbegardening,ofcourse,

becauseforalltheirdiversity,theonethingthatallgardenshaveincommonishowunnaturalthey

are.___14___Dazzlingplants,watchfeaturesandgloriousbloomsisallinterconnectedwellbeyondwhat

wouldnaturallyoccur.Whetheritisgreenlawnscreatedinthedriestdesertsoratropicalparadiseonastormy

NorthAtlanticisland,theyareallaboutshapingthenaturalworldtofitourideaofwhatit“should^^be.

AsIworkonmytinylezr。萬(wàn)〃ms（玻璃花園）ondarkFebruarynights,somethingmagicalhappenstomy

brain.___15___Inaworldthathasbecomeincreasinglyuncertain,peopleareoftenfuelledbythesame

psychologicaldesire:theinstinctiveneedtohaveabitofcontrolamidchaos.

Asourworldbecomesmoreandmoreunpredictableandoftenfrightening,gardeningseemstobeableto

appealtoandreachouttoawholenewgeneration,oftenagainstallodds.

Ofcourse,gardeningin'ttheonlythingpeopleturnto.Theriseofcultureconflictsandfixationonbody

imagehavealsobeenwidelydocumentedasbeingdrivenbyapsychologicalneedtofeeladegreeofcertainty,

controlandsafety.However,Ican'thelpbutthinkofthesealternatives:___16___

A.Inrealitygardensareanythingbutnatural.

B.Whatarethethingstheyhavebeenattractedto?

C.Theyareidealizedlandscapewithallthemud,pestsanddeadplantseditedout.

D.Howmuchbetteraplacetheplanetwouldbeifgardeningwasouroutletforthisneed!

E.Muchlikeagriculture,gardeningisauniversalhumandesirecodedintoourculturalDNA.

F.Thecalmnesscreatedbyowningatinygreenspaceundermycontrolhasapowerfuleffectonmymind.

（2023?上海奉賢?統(tǒng)考二模）Flamingos（火烈鳥）makelongfriendships

Whenitcomestomakingfriends,humansoftenseekpeoplewithsimilarinterestsandpersonalities.

17.Thelong-leggedbirdscanformfriendshipsthatlastforyears,andtheydependontheirfriends

forsupportwhentheyfalloutwithrivals.

ScientistDrPaulRosehadalreadyspottedthatflamingosseemedtoformnarrowexclusivecircles.

18.Tofindoutwhyflamingosbefriendsomebutnotothers,theystudiedbothChileanand

CaribbeanflamingoslivinginanaturereserveinGloucestershire,England.

Eachbirdworearingaroundonelegwithauniquecodetotellthemapart.McCullyspentmonths

studyingtheirbehaviourandbuiltapersonalityprofileforeachflamingo.Shefoundthatconfident,aggressive

flamingoswalkedproudlyaroundintheirfriendshipgroups,whilethequieterbirdscarefullyavoidthose

individuals.19.

McCullyandRosefoundthatfortheCaribbeanbirds,personalityseemedtomattermoreinfriendships

thanitdidforChileanflamingos.Caribbeanbirdsweremorelikelytodefendtheirfriendsandtheconfident

oneshadmuchlargersocialgroupsthanthequieterbirds.Theresearchersfoundthissurprisingbecausein

manyways,includingbodyshapeandhowtheysearchforfoodinthewild,thetwospeciesareverysimilar.

20.Inthatcase,allpersonalitytypesarerepresentedandeachflamingohasthechancetofind

alike-mindedfriend.McCullyandRosesaid,“Ifhumansrequirefriendshipstobehappy,isitreallysucha

greatleaptothinkthatflamingosmightneedthesame?”

A.Theirlong-lastingrelationshipsareimportantforsurvivalinthewild.

B.HeteamedupwithFionaMcCully,ascientistinanimalbehaviour.

C.Thescientistsconcludethatifsimportanttokeepflamingosinalargeflock.

D.Accordingtoarecentstudy,sodoflamingos.

E.Thisavoidancemayservetopreventthefights.

F.Newresearchshowsthatflamingoswithbrightercolorstendtobemoreaggressive.

（2023?上海金山?統(tǒng)考二模）NewsFromThe

WorldofMedicine

Thebalancechallenge

Canyoustandononelegfortenseconds?Thisquestioncouldhelpdoctorsassesstheoverallhealthof

theirmiddle-agedandolderpatients,arguesaBrazilian-ledstudypublishedintheBritishJournalofSports

Medicine.21Duringafollow-upperiodofsevenyears,theresearchersdrewtheaboveconclusion

afteraccountingfbrbasicfactorslikeageandsex.

Besidescausingfalls,poorbalancecanalsosignalunderlyingmedicalissues,suchasdecliningeyesight

ornervedamagecausedbydiabetes（糖尿?。?Muchlikegraspstrengthandwalkingspeed,balancingability

doesn'ttellthewholestoryofyourhealth,butit'sausefulclue.

Don'tremoveskintagsandmolesyourself.

Twoofthemostcommontypesofskinspotsamongadultsaredarkspotsknownasmolesandthegrowths

knownasskintags.22

Insomeplaces,mole-andskin-tagremovalkitsaresoldforhomeuse.23USFDArecently

issuedawarningaboutthesekitsafterreceivingreportsaboutconsumerswhohadinjuredthemselves.You're

betteroffvisitingadermatologist,whoareexpertsintreatingskindiseases.Plus,theycanperformthe

all-importantscreeningforskincancer.

____24____

ResearchersfromNewZealandrecommenda60-kilogrampersonconsume110milligramsofvitaminC

perdaythroughabalanceddiet,whilesomeoneweighing90kilogramsneeds140milligrams.Thatistosay,

whentakingvitaminC,ifsbesttotakeyourweightintoaccount.Eatingfoodslikeoranges—whichcontainon

average70milligramsofvitaminCeach-canreallyhelp.

A.TailorVitaminCintaketoyourweight.

B.Thesubjectswhocouldn'tperfbnr）thishadahigherriskofdeath.

C.VitaminCsupplementsarealwayssafeandeffectiveforeveryone.

D.Regularexercisecanimproveyourbalanceandreducetheriskoffalls.

E.Bothareharmlessanddon'trequiretreatmentunlesstheirappearanceisanissue.

F.Buttheseproductscancontainalargeamountofsalicylicacid（水楊酸）andcouldleaveyouwithpermanent

scars.

（2023?上海青浦?統(tǒng)考二模）IsListeningtoaBookBetterthanReadingIt?

Pictureyourselfsittingathomeinaquietreadingspace,ignoringtheworldaroundyou,absorbedinatale.

Youreadtheintroduction,instantlybecameinterestedandnowyou'reinthemiddleofanabsoluteturner.

But,there'sahotdebate-physicalbooksvs.e-booksvs.audiobooks.Doesthedeviceyou'reusingtoread

affectyourreactiontothebook?

25There'sattentionspan,reasoning,readingfluency,memoryandlanguagecomprehension.

Readingisknowntostrengthencommunicativeability,vocabularyandincreaseemotionalintelligenceand

socialawareness.So,whicheverwayyou'rereading,therearedefinitelybenefits.

But,let'slookattheprostoreadingwithyoureyes-that'sphysicalbooksande-books.26

Thisisbecausewhenyoucanactuallyseethewords,yourattentionisheldmoreclosely.Addtothisthefact

thatwithphysicalbooksyoucangobackandfindanypartyoumissed,especiallyifyourmindwanders,which

willlikelyhappenatsomepointorother.

Ontheotherhand,there9stheaudiobook.Headphonesin,you'reswitchedofffromlifeandthestoryreally

comesalive,almostlikewatchingafilm—inyourhead.Fromascientificperspective,listeningtoan

audiobookislikelytohelpyoudevelopafellowfeelingasyouheartheemotionofthenarrator.27

Hearingthestoryengagesdifferentpartsofthebrain,increasingtheintensityandimagery,makingyouenjoyit

more.Yet,goingbacktoattentionperiod,withanaudiobookit'struethatit'smuchhardertogobackandlisten

again.

28Perhaps,nexttimeyoufindyourselfbrowsingbookshopshelves,alsoconsidertheformat.

Itmayjustchangeyourwholeliteraryexperience.

A.Theyhelpusbecomecontinuousreaders.

B.Theycanhelptorememberinformationbetter.

C.Generally,readingusesseveralareasofthebrain.

D.Wecanmoreeasilyunderstandthechangesintones.

E.Allinall,itseemsthatthereareadvantagestobothphysicalbooksandaudiobooks.

F.AccordingtoaresearchfromOxfordUniversity,audiobooksaffectourreadingreactionmost.

（2023?上海嘉定?統(tǒng)考二模）BedtimeRituals

Attheendofalongday,youmightwanttocollapseinfrontoftheTVandwatchanepisodeofyour

favoriteshow.29Settlingdownwithacupoflemonteaorreadingabookcantellyourbodyifs

timetosleep.Ifyouturntheseactivitiesintoaritual—thatis,ifyoudothemeverynightaroundthesame

time-youwillbeallthemorelikelytogettherestyouneed.

Abedtimeritualisimportantnotonlybecauseitpreparesyouforsleepbutalsobecauseithelpsestablish

healthysleephabits.Ifyourcurrenthabitsdon'tsupportgoodsleep,abedtimeritualcanhelpyoumake

necessarychanges.30Worrycanmakeithardtofallasleepatnight,butforsomepeople,anxiety

atbedtimeiscommon.Ritualscanprovidecomfortbyofferingpredictabilityandstructure.Somerituals,such

asjournaling,mightalsorelieveanxietybygivingthewriterafreshperspectiveorsenseofmeaning.

31Considertryingseveralbedtimeritualsbeforesettlingonaconsistentroutine.Whafs

importantisfiguringoutwhatworksforyou.Startoutwithtwoorthreeactivitiesaccordingtoyourneedsand

preferences.Ifyouenjoyexerciseandmovement,tryyogaorgentlestretching.Ifyoufindcomfortinorder,

createato-dolistforthenextday.Ifclassicalmusiccalmsyou,turnonsomeBachorMozartenjoyingabath.

Whetheryourbedtimeritualtakesplaceinbedorsomewhereelse,makesureyourenvironmentis

relaxing.Wearcomfortableclothesorpajamas,curlup（蜷曲）underacozyblanket,andkeepthelightslow.

______32______

A.Bedtimeritualscanalsohelpyoureduceanxiety.

B.Foradults,bedtimeritualstypicallylast30minutestoanhour.

C.Butengaginginsomebedtimeactivitiescouldactuallyhelpyousleepbetter.

D.Thenwhenthetimecomestofallasleep,you'llbeready.

E.There'snofixedformatfortheperfectbedtimeritual.

F.Evidenceindicatesthatpeoplewhoreadabookinbedhavebettersleepquality.

（2023?上海閔行?統(tǒng)考二模）Neuroscientists（神經(jīng)科學(xué)家）nowknowthatbrainmaturation

occursfarlaterthanpreviouslythought.Greatchangesinbrainarestilltakingplaceduringyoungadulthood,

especiallyintheregionsofdecisionmaking,reasoning,comparingriskandreward,etc.Indeed,somebrain

regionsdonotreachfullmaturityuntiltheearly20s.33

Maybe.Butit'snotassimpleasitseemsfortworeasons.

1.Differentbrainregionsmaturealongwithdifferenttimetables.34Thepartofthebrainthat

handleslogicalthinkingisusuallyfullydevelopedby16,butthoseinvolvedinself-disciplinearestill

developinginyoungadulthood.Thismeanstheymaynothavethesamelevelofemotionalcontrol,whichcan

makethemlessresponsiblefbrtheiractions.

2.35____Ifitdid,wewouldn'thavelivedinasocietythatallowsteenagerstodrivebeforetheycan

buybeer.Ageboundariesaredrawnmainlyfbrpoliticalreasons,notscientificones.Ifsapitythat

neurosciencewon'thavemuchofanimpactonpoliticsalthoughitisalwayscorrect.

____36Itispointlesstotrytodeterminethe"right“ageofmaturation.TheDutch,forexample,allow

childrentodrinkalcoholattheageof16butnottodriveuntiltheyare19.EvenifIfirmlybelievelegal

decisionsshouldrefertoneuroscienceseriouslyandit'sagoodideatolowerthedrinkingageandraisethe

drivingage,Irecognizethatthegovernmentmightneveracceptit.

A.Sciencehasneverhadmuchinfluenceonthesedecisions.

B.Thereisnosingleageatwhichtheteenagebrainbecomesanadultbrain.

C.However,neurosciencefindingsprovetobehelpfulinmakinganewboundary.

D.Childgrowthpattensdifferandhowculturesunderstandchildgrowthissodifferent.

E.Somepeoplethinkthisknowledgecanhelpusrethinkwherewedrawlegalboundariesbetweenkidsand

adults.

F.Thisdiscoverymaywellindicatethatneurosciencecanhelpusbetterunderstandtheinterrelationshipamong

differentages.

（2023?上海寶山?統(tǒng)考二模）You'reenjoyingadeliciousbowlofnoodlesoryourfavoritericedish,

chattingwithyourfriends.Beingtheresponsiblepersonthatyouare,whenyou'refinishedyoucleanupyour

tableandthrowawayyourgarbage,includingyourdisposable（一次性的）chopsticks.Thesechopstickswind

upinalandfillalongwithotherchopsticksaroundtheglobe.37Turnsoutwecan.

ForthoseconsumingAsianfood,usingchopsticksaseatingtoolsisalmostsecondnature.Ithasbeen

estimatedthat20to33percentoftheworld'spopulationuseschopsticksonadailybasis.Notallofthoseare

disposable,butnodoubtmanyare.Estimatesindicatethatupto80billiondisposablechopsticksareused

worldwideeveryyear.38

EnterFelixBock,adoctoralstudentatthetimeintheforestryprogramattheUniversityofBritish

Columbia,Canada.Bockwaseagertofindawaytorecyclewoodfromconstructionprojects,andhehada

particularinterestinbamboo.Onedayhefoundadrawerinhisgirlfriend^housefilledwithdisposable

bamboochopsticks,andanideabegantoforminhismind.

Bock'ssmartideawastogiveasecondlifetodisposablechopsticksbymakingthemintohome

decorations.Hetriedtoconvincerestaurantownerstoinstallrecyclingbinsintheirrestaurants.Healso

designedamethodtocleanandsanitize（消毒）thechopstickssothattheycouldbereused.39

Thesquarepieceswerethenartisticallyarrangedintohouseholdandofficeproducts.Bock'scompany,called

ChopValue,hasrepurposedchopsticksintowalldecorations,desktops,cuttingboardsandeventablegames

suchasdo疝〃oes（多米諾骨牌）.

Since2016whenthecompanywasfounded,ChopValuehasrescuedbillionsofchopsticksfromlandfills.

Insteadofaneconomybasedonthetypicaltake-make-disposemodel,ChopValueseekstocreateonethat

transformswasteintoausableresource.BockstatesinaninterviewwithGlobalShakers,"Frankly,I'm

frustratedbyeveryonetryingtobesustainablewhentheyarelookingawayfromthevisiblethingsthatwecan

doimmediatelywiththematerialsrightinfrontofus.“40

A.Itdoesn'ttakeanenvironmentalisttorealizethatthispracticeisnotsustainable.

B.Whatdoyouthinkofthisphenomenon?

C.Thenhepressedthemintosquarepiecesandcoatedthemwithsomethingsticky.

D.Hopefully,suchissuescouldberesolvedassoonaspossible.

E.Butwhatifwecouldrecyclethem?

F.Sometimes,aswithchopsticks,thosematerialsarerightunderourverynoses.

（2023?上海松江?統(tǒng)考二模）TheEnduringAppealofPeterRabbit

"Idon'tknowwhattowritetoyou,soIshalltellyouastoryaboutfourlittlerabbits,whosenameswere

Flopsy,Mopsy,CottontailandPeter,,5wroteBeatrixPotter,anEnglishwriter,illustrator,naturalscientist,and

conservationistin1893,inalettertoalittleboywhowassufferingfromaseriousinfectiousdisease.

Likemanychildren-storyauthors,Potterwasnotawriterbyprofession.Herchiefenthusiasmwasnatural

history.ChildhoodfamilyholidaysinPerthshireandtheLakeDistricthadgivenherthefreedomtoexperience

thenaturalworldfirst-hand.___41___OwingtoPotter'sillustrations,thehumanizedrabbitsseemedtoexistin

arecognizablyrealplace.AsPotteronceadmitted,the"carefulbotanicalstudiesofmyyouth“informedthe

realityofherfantasydrawings.___42___Intheseimages,Peterinthevegetablegardenateradishes（蘿卜）or

jumpedoffthewall.

TheTaleofPeterRabbitwasfirstpublishedbyFrederickWarnein1902.___43___However,Warne

disagreed.OnlyafterPotterhadthebookprivatelypublisheddidWarnechangehismind.Itwasanimmediate

success,muchtoPotter'ssurprise."Thepublicmustbefbndofrabbits!WhatashockingquantityofPeter/9she

said.Theoriginaltales,undertheWarneimprint,arestillavailabletoday.

44___In1903,sheregisteredaPeterRabbitdoll,makinghimthefirstfictionalcharactertobemade

intoapatentedstuffedtoy.Afterthat,therewerelicensedwallpapers,boardgamesandpaintingbooks.She

earnedlargeamountsofmoney.Afterherdeath,almostallherpropertywaslefttotheNationalTrust.

A.Pottersurelyhadabusinessmind.

B.Adecadelater,withslightadjustments,thelinesformedtheopeningtowhatbecamethebestselling.

C.ItwasthisexperiencethatgavePeterRabbititsuniqueatmosphereofbelievablewonder.

D.Potterwasdeterminedthatthebookshouldbesmallenoughtofitintoachild'shandsandinexpensive.

E.ShespentholidaysintheLakeDistrict,developingaloveoflandscape,whichshecloselyobservedand

painted.

F.Thoughherlaterstorieswouldcontainmorestrikinglydetailedillustrations,TheTaleofPeterRabbithas

charmingpicturesofitsnaughtyhero.

（2023?上海崇明?統(tǒng)考二模）Trash?EatingRobots

Ithasbecomecommonknowledgethatouroceansarefilledwithgarbage.Brokenobjects,usedplastic

bottlesandsoonfillourbeachesandcovertheoceanfloor,doingimmensedamagetooceancreatures.Many

individualsandorganizationsareworkingtoremovethisgarbageandrecenttechnologicaldevelopmentshave

giventhemanewtooltodoso:trash-eatingrobots.

Robotsofvariousshapeshavebeendesignedtocollectgarbagethattheyfindfloatingintheocean.For

example,theFrenchcompanyIADYShasdevelopedwhatitcallsthejellyfishbot.45The

jellyfishbotisremotelycontrolledandcancleanupto1,000squaremetersperhour.Itcontainsanetthatcan

holdupto30liters.Thejellyfishbots,smallsizeandabilitytobeeasilycontrolledmakethemidealfbrcleaning

upcrowdedareassuchasports.

46Designedforuseonrivers,theInterceptorlookslikeaboatwithaconveyorbeltthatpicks

uptrash.AshallowbarrierattachedtotheInterceptorguidesfloatingtrashtotheconveyorbelt,butfishcan

swimunderitsafely.Onceasensorindicatesthatthedustbinsarefull,theInterceptorautomaticallysendsa

textmessagetoonshoreoperators.Theseoperatorscollectandemptythedustbins,sendingthegarbagetolocal

wastemanagementfacilities.

Mostofthegarbageintheoceanscomesdownrivers.47HencetheInterceptorisusedtostop

pollutionbeforeitenterstheocean.

TheInterceptoriscompletelysolar-poweredandoperatesonitsown,whichminimizestheneedfbrhuman

involvement.Robotsareabletocleanuplargeamountsofgarbagewithouthumansstrugglingwithbeach

cleanupbyhand.48

A.Itisn'tjustaboutremovingthegarbagefromtheocean'ssurface.

B.Hopefully,theycanbeabigpartofthesolutiontooc