2023學(xué)年完整公開(kāi)課版定語(yǔ)從句

TheAttributiveClause

定語(yǔ)從句

Whatistheattribute(定語(yǔ))?1.Heisan

honestboy.(形容詞）2.Thefalling/fallenleavesareflyinginthesky.(現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去分詞）3.What’syourtelephonenumber?（名詞）4.Theboysontheplaygroundareplayingbasketballs.（介詞短語(yǔ)）

修飾名詞和代詞的成分，作定語(yǔ)的除了形容詞外，還有代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等。Keywords:定語(yǔ):abeautifulflower美麗的花atall

boy一位高個(gè)男孩beautifultallmyteacherthreeboysclothesshop

服裝店thestudentsinclass上課的學(xué)生們

Thepositionsoftheattribute:

（定語(yǔ)的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.（單個(gè)的詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放于被修飾詞的前面，前置定語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放于被修飾詞的后面，后置定語(yǔ)）看下列句子，是什么作定語(yǔ)呢？

1.Aplaneisamachine

thatcanfly.(從句）飛機(jī)是會(huì)飛的機(jī)器。2.Theforeigner

whovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（從句）昨天參觀我們學(xué)校的外賓來(lái)自加拿大。3.Thisisabasket

thatIwanttoputflowersin.（從句）這就是我要放花的籃子。Sheistheone

that

youneverforget.她就是你念念不忘的那個(gè)女孩呀ShemustbethereasonwhyGodmadeagirl.她詮釋了上帝為何會(huì)創(chuàng)造女孩Shewinsineverything

thatshemightdo.

她在她能做的一切事情上力爭(zhēng)成功Hehasasonwhowantstobeafootballplayer.Hewantstobeafootballplayer.Hewantstobeanactor.

一.定語(yǔ)從句的基本定義●在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句?！穸ㄕZ(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，跟在名詞或代詞后修飾該名詞或代詞。一.定語(yǔ)從句的基本定義▲位置：定語(yǔ)從句通常緊跟在先行詞之后?！ㄕZ(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句1.被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。2.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。

關(guān)系代詞：who,whom(作賓語(yǔ)成分）,whose,that,which

關(guān)系副詞：when（時(shí)間）,where（地點(diǎn)）,why（原因）Theboy

whoisreadingisTom.先行詞關(guān)系代詞Hospitalisaplace

whereadoctorworks.先行詞關(guān)系副詞.

定語(yǔ)--從--句修飾名詞或代詞的名詞\代詞關(guān)系詞具備有句子的基本成分先行詞關(guān)系詞的作用1.連接先行詞與從句；2.替代先行詞在從句中的位置；3.充當(dāng)從句的成分指代所做分是否可省略that人；物主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省which物主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省who人主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省whom人賓語(yǔ)可省whose人；物定語(yǔ)不可省關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法指代所做成分是否可省略when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)否where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)否why原因狀語(yǔ)否三.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法和注意點(diǎn)三.1.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法先行詞在定從中作主語(yǔ)在定從中作賓語(yǔ)在定從中作定語(yǔ)人who、that（who、that、whom）whose物which、that（which、that）whose還有as關(guān)系詞及其意義指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewhere（=介詞+which）when(=介詞+which）why(=for+which）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞歸納總結(jié)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞

起連詞作用，本身又作從句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)

即起連接作用，本身又在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…東西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那樣的，和…相同，正如)when(…的時(shí)候，修飾的時(shí)間名詞)where(…的地方修飾場(chǎng)所、方位等名詞)why(…原因；…理由)20

的定語(yǔ)從句that,which,who,whom,whose1)Thisisthefactorythatproducescars.(作主語(yǔ),指物)2)Thegirlthatspoketomejustnowismyclassmate.(作主語(yǔ)，指人)3)Thefilm(that)wesawyesterdayisinteresting.(作賓語(yǔ),指物)that既可指人也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。Thegirlwho/thatissittinginthechairisagoodsinger.Igotthenewsthat(which)mademeangryyesterday.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.Whereistheboywho/thatbrokethewindow?Luckilynoneofthepeoplewhom/thatIknowwerekilledintheearthquake.Theskirtwhich/thatMaryboughttwoyearsagoisold.Isthisthenovelthat/whichyouintroducedtome?which,關(guān)系代詞,指物,在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省.Footballisagamethat/whichislikedbymostboys.Thefilmthat/whichtheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.26Thisistheboy.Heplaysbasketballverywell.

2.Thisistheboy.Heoftenasksmequestions.

Thisistheboywhooftenasksmequestions.Thisistheboywhoplaysbasketballverywell.

who關(guān)系代詞,指人,在從句中作主語(yǔ).271.Thisistheboy.Ioftenhelphim.Thisistheboy(whom)Ioftenhelp.2.Themanisourheadmaster.Youmethimjustnow.Themanisourheadmaster(whom)youmetjustnow.whom關(guān)系代詞,指人,在從句中作賓語(yǔ),可省.28Doyouknowthegirl?Herfatherismayor.Doyouknowthegirlwhosefatherismayor.2.Iusedtoworkinanoffice.Itswindowfacesnorth.Iusedtoworkinanofficewhosewindowfacesnorth.293.Iworkinaschool.Itsstudentsareexcellent.Iworkinaschoolwhosestudentsareexcellent.whose,關(guān)系代詞,指物/人,在從句中作定語(yǔ).1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.whosewhosewhoseWhose在引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用作定語(yǔ)指人時(shí)：=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n指物時(shí)：=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n▲關(guān)系代詞that和which▲在定語(yǔ)從句中，that和which

常?？梢曰Q，但是下列情況只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which；當(dāng)然作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。考點(diǎn)1：that與which1.先行詞（從句所修飾的詞）被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),只能用that引導(dǎo)從句.1）Thisisthemost

interestingstory

(that)Ihaveeverheard.2）Thefirstmeeting

(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行詞是all,something,nothing,anything，everything,little,few，much,none,any,some等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that.1)Hereissomething

(that)Iwilltellyou.我有事要告訴你。2)Notall

thatglitters（閃爍）isgold.發(fā)光的并非都是金子。3）Wehaven’tgotmuch

(that)wecanofferyou.

3.先行詞既有人也有物時(shí),只能用that引出從句1)Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures

(that)Isaw.我清楚地記得我看到的人和照片。2)Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools

(that)theyhadvisited.4.先行詞被all,every,any,no,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,last,just

等修飾，用that1）Arethereanyquestions

that

troubleyoumuch?還有你感到非常麻煩的問(wèn)題嗎？2）Theonlything

(that)

shecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的就是向警察求助。5.當(dāng)主句已有疑問(wèn)詞who或which時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that1）Whichisthebike(that)youlost?2）Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?6.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作tobe

表語(yǔ)時(shí),先行詞無(wú)論指人還是物，關(guān)系詞用that。

1）Tomisn’ttheboy

that

heusedtobe.湯姆不再是過(guò)去的老樣子了。2）Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe上海不再時(shí)往昔的上海了。7.在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that

Thereisabookonthedesk(that)I’mveryinterestedin.桌子上有本我非常感興趣的書(shū)。8.句子中含有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其中一個(gè)詞已用which,為了避免重復(fù)，一般情況，另一個(gè)宜用thatTheysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory

whichproducesthings

thatcouldcausepollution.他們悄悄建了一個(gè)小工廠，生產(chǎn)可能造成污染的產(chǎn)品?！擞脀hich而不用that的情況:1.當(dāng)引導(dǎo)非限制定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.足球，一項(xiàng)非常有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)，在全世界得到普及。2.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。Thisisthehouseinwhichheoncelived.這就是他曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房子。3.當(dāng)先行詞本身是that時(shí)。Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.你告訴他的事情就是我們想知道的?！脀ho,而不用that的情況：1.先行詞是one(s),anyone,someone,noone,none,all,those,nobody,anybody等指人的不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用who1)ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.2)One

whohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.3)All

whohavestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.所有研究這個(gè)問(wèn)題的人都得出了同樣的結(jié)論。2.在therebe句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who1）Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.2）Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.44

whenwherewhy關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),不能省略。when

指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它的先行詞為time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。我仍然記得第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行的時(shí)間。我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時(shí)代。Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputer.IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.46

1.I’llneverforgettheday.Theearthquakehappenedontheday.

I’llneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquakehappened.2.I’llneverforgetthedays.Westudiedtogetherduringthedays.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。它的先行詞通常為place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.請(qǐng)把書(shū)放在容易找到的地方。481.Thisisthevillage.Iwasborninit.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasborn.2.Thisistheshop.Ibuybreadinit.ThisistheshopwhereIbuybread.Attentionwhere引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可以修飾表示抽象空間概念的名詞，如case(情況或事例),point(地步或點(diǎn)),degree（程度),situation(情形或處境),position(位置),stage(階段或場(chǎng)景)…Whataresomesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情形下身體語(yǔ)言是唯一的溝通方式？why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，亦可用“介詞for+which”替代。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?你能告訴我你沒(méi)參加他的生日宴會(huì)的原因嗎？51Givemeonegoodreason.Ishouldhelpyouforthereason.GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.2.Hetoldmethereason.Hedidn’tcometoschoolforthereason.Hetoldmethereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschool.3.關(guān)系副詞when,where和關(guān)系代詞that,which的區(qū)分。同樣是修飾一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)使用where，有時(shí)使用that/which；同樣是修飾一個(gè)時(shí)間，有時(shí)使用when，有時(shí)使用that/which。這主要看兩點(diǎn)：一：先行詞在從句中所作成分；二：是定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞時(shí)都用when,where,why，若先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，而是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，就必須用which或that。1.Thisisthepark(that)wevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.2.Shewon’tforgetthedays(that)shespentontheisland.Shewon’tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether.

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.

which在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.57I’llneverforgetthedays.Ispentthedayswithsomeforeignstudents.

I’llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentwithsomeforeignstudents.581.Thisistheshop.Itsellsbread.Thisistheshopwhichsellsbread.2.Thisisthefarm.Itkeepsmanycows.Thisisthefarmwhichkeepsmanycows.3.Thisisthefarm.Ivisititeveryyear.Thisisthefarm（which

）Ivisiteveryyear.59

Thereasonisnottrue.Hegaveusthe

reason.Thereason(which)hegaveusisnottrue.歸納：關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why原因狀語(yǔ))。which,thatorwhere/when/why1.Thisisthemuseum_______mymotherworked10yearsago.(workedinthemuseum地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))Thisisthemuseum

_________wasbuiltin1950.(themuseumwasbuild)（museum主語(yǔ)）wherewhich2.July1,1921wastheday________our

Party

was

founded(成立).(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作狀語(yǔ)）

July1,1921wastheday

__________wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作賓語(yǔ)）whenwhich3.Irememberthedays_________Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometown

during

the

days

作狀語(yǔ)）

Irememberthedays

__________Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith..the

days作賓語(yǔ)）whenwhich4.The

house_______________we’regoingtovisitwasbuiltacenturyago.(visitthehouse)

The

house_________________usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow.(the

houseusedtobeatemple)

The

house_________heusedtolivewasflooded.(heusedtolivein

the

house)(which/that)which/thatwhere5.Abookstoreisaplace_________youcangetbooks.(youcangetthebooksin

the

place)Abookstoreisaplace_________booksaresold.(booksaresoldin

the

place)Abookstoreisaplace_____________sellbooks.(the

placesellsbooks)wherewhich/thatwhere6.Ican’tfindthecard_______Iwroteyouraddress.(Iwroteyouraddresson

thecard)Ican’tfindthecard_____________Iwroteyouraddress.7.Thebox__________heputhisphotosisgone.(heputhisphotointothebox)Thebox_______________heiscarryingisheavy.(heiscarryingthe

box)wherewhereonwhich(that/which)way

作先行詞時(shí)關(guān)系詞的使用Ireallydon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hetalkswithhisparents.Doittheway

Ishowedyou.

先行詞theway

inwhichthat×

reason

作先行詞時(shí)關(guān)系詞的使用先行詞thereason

for

whichwhythat

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

for

which

hedidit.

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

why

hedidit.

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

that

hedidit.【特別提示】：關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。如：1.Those

who

areagainsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Tomisoneofthestudents

who

werepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.3.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudents

who

waspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Heisoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.

A.whoareB.whomis C.whois D.whomare

Heistheonlyoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.

A.whoare B.whomis C.whois D.whomare

定語(yǔ)從句解題方法:關(guān)系詞的選擇1.先看先行詞，確定人或物2.

分析定語(yǔ)從句中的句子成分3.

確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)4.注意that和which的特殊情況用合適的關(guān)系詞完成句子：1.Theboys________areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.Thegirls________theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.3.Theman__________youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.4.Footballisagame________islikedbymostboys.5.Thefilm_______theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.whowhom/whowhom/whowhich/thatwhich/that6.Whereistheman___________Isawthismorning?7.Ioncelivedinthehouse_________roofhasfallenin.8.Theclassroom_______doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.9.Istillremembertheday________Ifirstcametothisschool.10.Thehouse________Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.11.Pleasetellmethereason_________youmissedtheplane.that/whom/whowhosewhosewhenwherewhy12.Thisisthemostexpensivecellphone________Ihaveused.13.Thebuilding_________standsneartheriverisourschool.

14.Isthereashoparound_________Ican’tgetaparkofcigarettes?15.Menciuswasagreatthinker_______believedpeopleweremoreimportantthanrulers.thatwhichwherewhoTheattributiveclause

Preposition+which/that介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.用法

關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)2.結(jié)構(gòu)

先行詞是人用

“介詞+whom”

先行詞是物用“介詞+which”e.g.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.

Thegirlaboutwhomwearetalkingisadoctor.我們正在談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)女孩是個(gè)醫(yī)生。他曾經(jīng)上學(xué)的學(xué)校非常著名。知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)圖：“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”⑴先行詞是⑵選介詞介詞+whom介詞+which人物①介詞與先行詞的關(guān)系

②從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或形容

詞的固定搭配

③整個(gè)句子表達(dá)的意義

介詞+關(guān)系代詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞:介詞的選擇根據(jù)先行詞來(lái)確定介詞Hewillneverforgetthedayonwhichhefailedintheexam.ontheday在那天

1949wastheyearinwhich

theP.R.C.wasfounded.

foundinthisyear2.根據(jù)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或形容詞固定搭配確定HeisthepersonfromwhomIlearnalot.learnfromsb.向某人學(xué)習(xí)Thisisthecar____whichIpaid100$.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.Thisisthecar____whichIgotoworkeveryday.Thisisthecar______whichIcan’tgotowork.foroninwithoutThisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.Thisisthecar____whichaboythrewastone.Thisisthecar____whichwetalked.Thisisthecar____whichthewindowwasbroken.byataboutof

Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomswithwhich

I’mnotfamiliar.

befamiliarwith對(duì)…熟悉3.根據(jù)整個(gè)句子的句意確定介詞

Air,withoutwhichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.…withoutair…ThisisthevillageinwhichIstayedlastnight.IwillneverforgetthefarmonwhichIworkedwithyou.inthevillage在鄉(xiāng)村onthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)TheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.ThemanwithwhomIshookhandsjustnowisateacher.befamousfor因…..而聞名shakehandswithsb.與某人握手Thepen,withwhichheiswritingnow,wasboughtyesterday.Thisismypairofglasses,withoutwhichIcannotseeclearly.…withpen……withoutglasses…介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.有些含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開(kāi),介詞仍放在后面,如:lookfor,lookafter,lookforwardto,takecareof等e.g.Thebabywhomthenurseislookingafterisveryhealthy.

注意：2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有不定代詞(some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等),數(shù)詞,百分?jǐn)?shù),或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾。Shehastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.

注意：3.若先行詞為時(shí)間名詞、地點(diǎn)名詞或reason,“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”可用相關(guān)的關(guān)系副詞when,where,why替換e.g.Beijingisthecity________________

hehaslivedmanyyears.

注意：inwhich=(where)4.whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞whose可替換為“the+名詞+of+which/whom”或“ofwhich/whom+the+名詞”e.g.注意：Iliveinthehousewhoseroofisred.=theroofofwhichisred.=ofwhichtheroofisred.

Thewinterholidaythatwehavelookedforwardtoforalongtimeiscoming.Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.Ihavemanyfriends,thetallestofwhomisLee.Thereason________________hewaslateisn’tclear.Iremembertheday________________Igoabroad.onwhich=(when)forwhich=(why)Iknowaboywhosefatherisadoctor.=thefatherofwhomisadoctor.=ofwhomthefatherisadoctor.Thebook__________Iheardwaswritten20yearsago.Thepeople__________themanspokeweren’tlistening.Thefilm__________Ifellasleepwasveryboring.ofwhichtowhominwhichThepen__________shewrotethatbookcannowbeseeninamuseum.Thelittlecreature__________scientistsareinterestedisknownasET.Thegun__________hewasshotwasneverfound.withwhichinwhichbywhich根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系1.DuZheisthemagazine________whichIwritearticles.2.1949wastheyear____whichtheP.R.Cwasfounded.forin3.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms______whichI’mnotsure.about根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配4.Waterisveryimportantforus________whichwecan’tlive.

5.Thespeed______whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.without根據(jù)整個(gè)句子的句意確定介詞at1.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.withwhominwhich3.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?4.Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?5.Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhichonwhichwhich1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that6.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCDmoreexerciseHebuiltatelescope___hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byitDoyouknowthereason____hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhichIhaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDBTheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichChinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhichThisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD1.

(2013?浙江卷)Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhat B.allofwhichC.allofthem D.allofwhom2.

(2013?重慶卷)Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof______arefamilymembers.

A.themB.thatC.whichD.whomDD4.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,____NewYorkisanexample.

A.forwhich

B.inwhich

C.ofwhich

D.fromwhich5.Pleasepassmethedictionary______isblack.

A. B.whichcover

C.ofwhichthecover

D.itscover3.(2013?北京卷)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.when B.which C.whose D.where=inwhichcoverofwhich

=thecoverofwhichDCC

Thefarm

weworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.Heistheman

youcanturnforhelp.Thisisthetree

weusedtoplaygames.onwhichtowhomunderwhichonthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)turntosb.forhelp向某人求助underthetree在樹(shù)下非限制定語(yǔ)從句N(xiāo)on-DefiningAttributiveClauseIlikethegirlwhoismakingapose.修飾限制，譯為“的”Ilikethegirl,

whoismakingapose.補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，譯成并列句Wealladmirethemanwhowearsthewhitesuit.不能去掉Iadmiretheman,

whowearsabigsmile.能去掉Thisisthebestnovel

thatIhaveeverread.先行詞是名詞或代詞The

novel,whichIreadlastnight,isveryinteresting.Thenovelisveryinteresting,whichmademeveryglad.

先行項(xiàng)可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是句子X(jué)i’anisaverybeautifulcity(which)Ivisitedlastyear.Xi’an,whichIvisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.關(guān)系詞不可省略China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.

2.HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.3.His

mother,wholoveshimverymuch,

isstrictwithhim.

4.ZhangJike,whomeveryonelikesverymuch,isoneofthebestathletesinourclass.5.Angles,

whose

nativelanguage

is

German,

can

readandwrite

in

several

foreignlanguages.6.Theplay,whosestyleisinformal,ispopularwiththeyoungpeople.7.TheywenttoLondon,wheretheylivedforsixmonths.8.HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.9.LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因

who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞××非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用關(guān)系副詞why和關(guān)系代詞that。要用forwhich代替why.Ihadtoldthemthereason,forwhichI

didn’tattendthemeeting.

我已經(jīng)把理由告訴了他們，為此我沒(méi)有去開(kāi)會(huì)。①指代人who,

whom,

Then

he

met

Mary，who（充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)）

invited

him

to

a

party.Peter,

whom（充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)）

you

met

in

London,

is

now

back

in

Paris.②which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、形容詞、短語(yǔ)、其他從句或整個(gè)主句。These

apple

trees，which

I

planted

three

years

ago，have

not

borne

any

fruit.(指代主句中的名詞)She

is

always

careless，which

we

should

not

be.（指代主句中的形容詞）She

is

an

artist，which

surprisedmealot.(指代整個(gè)句子)③所屬關(guān)系whose,

of

whichCharlieChaplin,whose（ofwhom）childhoodwashard,beganactingatthe

ageoffive.④指地點(diǎn)

where

They

went

to

London，where(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))

they

lived

for

six

months.⑤指時(shí)間when

He

will

put

off

the

picnic

until

May

1st,

when

he

will

be

free.⑥指原因forwhichHewaslateforclass,forwhichhewas

punishedbyhisEnglishteacher.⑦“名詞/代詞+of+which

/

whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

Light

is

the

fast

thing

in

the

world,

the

speed

of

which

is

300.000

kilometers

per

second.⑧as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引出非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，代替整個(gè)主句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。但通常用于像as

we

all

know,；as

is

know

to

all,as

is

said

above；asis

always

mentioned

above,

as

is

usual；as

is

often

the

case,

asisreportedinthenewspaperShakespeareisafamouswriter,asweallknow.

眾所周知，莎士比亞是一位著名的做偶家。當(dāng)與such或the

same連用時(shí),一般用asSuch

books

as

you

tell

me

are

interesting.I

have

the

same

plan

as

you.

8.Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink.=(Asmanypeoplethink,spidersarenotinsects.)as(譯為_(kāi)_________)引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的位置比較靈活,可位于所修飾的句子之后,句中或句首;而由which(譯為_(kāi)_______________)引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般不位于句首。

“正如……”“這”或“這件事”133Football,________isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Myfather,_______isaphysicsteacher,worksinthisschool.whichwhoTheDifferences限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句形式上意義上作用上不用逗號(hào)用逗號(hào)去掉后句意不完整去掉后，句意完整修飾限制只可修飾先行詞補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明可修飾先行詞或主句譯為“…的”可譯為并列句翻譯時(shí)關(guān)系詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略不可省略且不能用that,why引導(dǎo)

1.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_____wasbeyondhiswildestdream.(2007上海)A.whichB.that C.whereD.it2.ShewillflytoWashington,_________shecanenjoyherself.A.whereB.thatC.whichD./1.CharlesSmith,_____wasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.2.AfterthewarhewenttotheAmerica,_____