Get清風(fēng)第四講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

第四講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞第四講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.--I-t’sraininghardoutside.You’dbetter. O-K.A.togooutBgoingoutC.nottgooutD.nogoout.--WhatabouthikingthisSunday?--GreatI'dlikewithyou.Aetogo;goingBegoing;goingC.going;togoDego;togo.--Wouldmindyourbike? --DmotatalLIllputitunderthetreeghtaway.A.moveB.tomoveC.movesD.moving.DuringtheSpringFestival,theheavysnowstoppedmanyPeoplefrombackhome.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going.--Where'sMrYu,doyouknow?--WelLit'shardtosay.ButIheardhimloudlyherejuStnoW.A.WasreadingB.readingC.hadreadD.toread非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞概念以及考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥.對(duì)于分詞，不定式和動(dòng)名詞掌握不清。.常見的一些搭配沒記住。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞【考點(diǎn)分析】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但可以單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是歷年各地中考必考的知識(shí)點(diǎn)之一，主要包括動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的基本用法、句式結(jié)構(gòu)和習(xí)慣搭配等?！沮厔?shì)預(yù)測(cè)】從命題內(nèi)容來看，對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不定式與疑問詞連用，不定式與動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別，過去分詞作定語(yǔ)等是今后考查的熱點(diǎn)；從命題形式上看，以單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、詞形變化為主，一般占3-8分。一、考點(diǎn)明細(xì)考點(diǎn)一動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)。此時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把動(dòng)詞不定式放在后面，這樣句子可以避免頭重腳輕。1心38$丫1083110$1由8田80讓丫瓜3丁0女丫0.在東京這樣的大城市容易迷路。ItisgoodtoreacEnglishinthemoming.早上讀英語(yǔ)大有好處?？键c(diǎn)二動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的有afford,agree,begin,decide,expectf,ail,forget,happen,help,hope,learn,plan,prepare,pretendw,ant,start,wish,promise等。Icantafordtobuyadigitalcameraatthemoment.我現(xiàn)在買不起數(shù)碼相機(jī)。Iwantedtoshowittoyou.我想把它給你看一看?？键c(diǎn)三動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)。不定式作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)等，通常對(duì)系動(dòng)詞前面的名詞進(jìn)行詮釋說明。HiSWiShiStobecomeadoctor他的愿望是成為一名醫(yī)生。Tohim,thfirstimportantthingwastosavelives,對(duì)他來說，最重要的事情就是搶救生命?？键c(diǎn)四動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1常接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有want,ask,telLteachWiSh,allow,invite等，構(gòu)成want/asksbetοdosth句型表示“想要/讓某人做某事”。OurheadteacherwantsustoSchoolontime.我們的班主任要我們按時(shí)到校。ThepolicemanaSkedthechildrennottoplayintheStreet.警察讓這些孩子不要在街上玩耍。2使役動(dòng)詞let,make,have和感官動(dòng)詞SeeWatch,noticeJookat,hearUstento,feel等后面接不帶to的不定式（即動(dòng)詞原形）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。ThesepicturesmademeTinkOfmychildhood.這些照片使我想起了我的童年。IheardchiIdrentaIkintheneXtroom?我聽見孩子們?cè)诟舯诮徽劇?動(dòng)詞help后面的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，可以帶to，也可以不帶to。Youmusthelpmetodomyhomeworkthisafternoon.?今天下午必須幫我做作業(yè)。HeOftenheIPShiSParentSDIeanthehouse.他常常幫父母打掃房屋?？键c(diǎn)五動(dòng)詞不定式放在它所修飾的名定語(yǔ)詞或代詞之后作定語(yǔ)。Ihavesomeclothestowash.我有一些衣服要洗。Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想喝點(diǎn)什么？考點(diǎn)六動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)。1不定式在不及物動(dòng)詞后作目的狀語(yǔ)的情況最多，可位于句首或句末。TogetgoodreSultSonemuStStud丫卜@出,要想取得好成績(jī)，必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。ShecameheretCaSkforherbook.她來是為要回她的書。2不定式和某些形容詞連用構(gòu)成“be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，作原因狀語(yǔ)。I'mgladtoSeeyou.很高興見到你。WeareSorrytoroubleyou彳艮抱歉給你添麻煩了。3不定式作程度或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常與enough（表示肯定）或to（表示否定）連用。HeiSoldenoughtogotoSchool.他長(zhǎng)大了,該上學(xué)了。HeiStooyoungtogoS如。。「他太小還不能上學(xué)。考點(diǎn)七疑問詞what,which,how,when,where等于動(dòng)詞不定式連用。此時(shí)，它在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。WheretobuythiSkindofcomputeriSaproblem.至口哪里去買這種計(jì)算機(jī)是一個(gè)問題。Ireallydon'tknowwhattodo我的確不知道該怎么辦了。ThequeStioniShoWtogetthere問題是怎么到那里去。CanyoutellmewhichonetochooSe?請(qǐng)告訴我選擇哪一個(gè)？考點(diǎn)八動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。1動(dòng)詞enjoy,practicefinish,mind,miss,keep,suggest,imagine,consider等后面只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。MyUncleenjoySgoingoUtforaWalkafterSUper我叔叔喜歡玩晚飯后出去散步。HerSiStepracticeSSpeakingEngliSheVeryday他妹妹每天練習(xí)說英語(yǔ)。2某些介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如beinterestedinbeproudof,beworth,beusedtofeellike,giveup,thinkof,takePartn等之后也接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。WeareproUdofbeingChineSe我們因是中國(guó)人而感到驕傲。WeareUSedtoiVinginthiScity我們習(xí)慣住在這個(gè)城市里?？键c(diǎn)九某些動(dòng)詞后面接不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的異同。1動(dòng)詞like,hate,Startbegin后面可以接不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意思沒有太大區(qū)別。但后面接動(dòng)名詞指經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，接不定式指一次性的具體動(dòng)作。IlikeSWimming.我喜歡游泳。IliketoSWim.我現(xiàn)在喜歡游泳。2動(dòng)詞Stopforget,remembergoon,try后面接不定式或動(dòng)名詞意思有區(qū)別。SheStoppedcryingandliStenedtothemuSic.她停止哭泣去聽音樂。DrWangStoppedtotheWeatherreport.王醫(yī)生停下來去聽天氣預(yù)報(bào)。考點(diǎn)十分詞作定語(yǔ)。單個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)置于被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之前；分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)置于被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后。ChinaisadevelopingcountryandAmericaisadevelopedCoUntry.中國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，美國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfails.學(xué)走路的小孩常常摔跤。ThedictionaryborrowedfromLiMingiSonthedesk.從李明那里借來的那本字典在桌子上放著呢?？键c(diǎn)十一感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞SeewatCh,notice,hear等后面接不帶to的不定式（即動(dòng)詞原形）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作經(jīng)常發(fā)生或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過程；而現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Ioftenseehimplaybasketballontheplayground.我經(jīng)?？匆娝诓賵?chǎng)上打球。IsawhimplayingbasketballwhenIpassedtheDlayground.我經(jīng)過操場(chǎng)的時(shí)候，看見他正在打籃球。二、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)突破易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一：兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式并列在一起時(shí)，第一個(gè)不定式帶to,后面的不定式往往省略to。TogotoSIeePearIyandgetUPearIyiSagoodhabit.早睡早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用介詞for或of來引出其主語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如果動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者與形容詞具有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，那么就用介詞of；反之，如果動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者詞形0容詞不具有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，那么就用It’sniceyoumewithmymaths.A.for;tohelpB.for;helpingC.of;tohelpD.of;helping【解析】C。考查動(dòng)詞不定式在“It's+adj.+of+sb.+todosth."和“It's+adj.+for+sb.+todosth.”兩個(gè)句型中的用法。二者只有介詞of和for之差，但意義不同。用of側(cè)重對(duì)“某人”的品格、特征、性格等地描述；用for則側(cè)重對(duì)不定式所指的“事情”的描述。結(jié)合句意“你幫我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)，真是太好了”可選出正確答案為C。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)三：作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式后面有通常要用形式賓語(yǔ)it代替不定式。并將不定式置于賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后。MostyoungpeoplefindexcitingtowatChafootballmatch.A.itB.thisC.thatDone/容詞+o考查耦黏是形式賓語(yǔ),find+it而真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式，形容詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。由關(guān)鍵信息find和excitingtowatch可確定正確答案為A。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)四：如果動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，且與它所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則作定語(yǔ)的不定式要加上相應(yīng)的介詞。WehaVealotofthingStotalkabout我們有很多事情要談。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)五：在疑問詞why,whynot之后，動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to。—WhatShallWedothiSSunday,Linda?—WhytotheScienceMuseum?A.nottogoB.notgoC.don'tgoD.notyougo【解析】B?！癢hynotdosth?”與“Whydon'tyoudosth?”意思同為：“為什么不……..?”后面接動(dòng)詞原形。故選B。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)六：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)和過去分詞作定語(yǔ)的異同。前者表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而后者表示一個(gè)完成了或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。Thebookbytheyoungwritersellswell.ItispopularamongmiddleSchoolStudents.A.waswrittenB.writingC.wroteD.written位解析作家寫的書過去解作定語(yǔ)過根據(jù)句意“那分詞作定語(yǔ)，選D。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)七：過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，所指的動(dòng)作和賓語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Wehadthemachinerepaired我們請(qǐng)人修了機(jī)器。一.根據(jù)句意，用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.ISitneceSSary(learn)aforeignlanguage?.Heisgoodat(swim)..Doyouhaveanything(say)foryourself?4.It’sspringnow.it’stime(plant)trees..Don'tkeePme(Wait)foralongtime..Thepolicemantoldtheboysnot(play)inthestreet..HerSoniStooyoung(dress)himself..Let's(have)arest,shallwe?.Thespeakerspoketooquicklyforus(understand)..Thelittleboyisnotoldenough(read)..Iaskedhim(show)mehisnewpen..Knivesareusedfor(cut)things.Ireallydon'tknowwhat(do)next.oftenhearpeople(say)“(see)is(believe)”..You'dbetteι(try)thismedicine..Theysaidtheyhadnothing(worry)about..Canyoufinish(read)thebookinthreedays?.Thedoctorwasbusy(operate)ontheboyatthatime..(tell)youthetruthIJdiSlikemakingfriendSWithhim..Stop(talk)andlistentomecarefully.動(dòng)詞的不定式五個(gè)特征：.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化.不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ).可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ).在句子中可以做除了謂語(yǔ)的一切成分肯定形式：to+動(dòng)詞原型否定形式：not+todo基本用法：.作主語(yǔ)ToSeeiStobelieve..作賓語(yǔ)Hedecidedtqgotherewithus..作表語(yǔ)HisjobistoteaCh..補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Iaskedhimtohelpme.5作定語(yǔ)Hehasawishtobecomeasinger.6作狀語(yǔ)Wehurriedtotheoomonlytofindnonethere.省略to的情況前有do,but,except,beside,suChaS時(shí)，后省toDon'tdoanythingsillysuChaSmarryhim.Prefertodosthratherthandosth.在WhynotHadbetterCannotbutWouldrather動(dòng)名詞.主語(yǔ)Seeingisbelieving.Beatingtheboyiswrong..表語(yǔ)Tokeepthemoneyyoufoundisstealing..定語(yǔ)Thereisawalkingstick.HeiSinthereadingroom.4賓語(yǔ)下列動(dòng)詞后，只能接動(dòng)名詞SuggeSt,finish,avoid,can'thelp,mind,enjoy,practise,miss,escape,adviseimagine,keep,Permit,apPreciateWeSuggeStedgoingthere.Hehasfinishedreadingthebook.下列詞組后，只能接動(dòng)名詞GiVeuP,putoff,feellike,havedifficulty/rouble,beworth,thanksfor,what/howaboutTo后力口doing的詞組Be/getusedtopayattentiontoobjectto,prefer..to..Jookforwardto,dueto,owingto,sticktoWearelookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.Ipreferreadingtolisteningtomusic.分詞現(xiàn)在分詞do+ingdoing.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)HearingthegoodneWs,hejumpedwithgreatjoy.NothavingfinishherworkintimeHhebossfiredher..原因狀語(yǔ)Seeingnobodyathomebedecidedtdeavethemanote..伴隨狀語(yǔ)ThegirIScame,followingtheirparents..結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)ThepooroldmandeadJeavingnothingtohischildren..做定語(yǔ)Thisisaveryinterestingstory.Thisisinspiringnews..做表語(yǔ)Thefilmismoving.Thenewsisveryexciting.Iwasmoved.過去分詞done.原因狀語(yǔ)Tiredbythetriph,esoonfellasleep.Lostinthought,healmostrunintoacar..時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)SeenfromthehillJhecitylookslikeagarden..條件狀語(yǔ)GiVenmoreChanCeIWouldhaVeWorkedouttheproblem.GiVenmoretime,IWouldhaVeWorkedoutth∈problem..伴隨狀語(yǔ)TheteaChelCamein,followedbysomestudents..定語(yǔ)Thatisabrokencup.ThereareIOOpeopleinjuredintheaccident.1.--M-um,canIhavesomething?--O-h,dearY.oucanonlydrinksomewater.Thereisinthekitchen.Aetodrink;nothingelseBedrinking;SomethingelSeC.toeating;SomethingelseD.eating;nothingelse2.Pleasedon'tforgettheroomwhilelamawayinBeijing.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleanedD.cleaning.Whynotyourteacheforhelpwhenyoucan'tfinishitbyyourself?A.ask;WriteB.toask;WritingC.ask;WritingD.ask;Writing.--Howaboutintheriverwithus?---orry,Ican't.Myparentsoftentellmethat.A.swim;don'tdoB.swim;todoC.swimming;notdoD.swimming;nottodo.Theyoungmanusedtot(work,butsheisusedtoworknow.A.drive;WalkingB.droveWalkedC.drive;WalkSD.driving;Walk.ThewomanmadehissonfinallyafterShetoldhimSomejokeS.A.laughedB.tolaughC.laughD.laughing.WhenwepracticespeakingEnglish,weoftenendupinChinese.A.tospeakB.speakingC.spokeD.speak.--LJackinthdibrary?—Maybe.Isawhimoutwithsomebooksjustnow.A.goingB.goC.togoD.went.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearetryingtodosomethingtheold.A.servedB.toserveC.serveD.serves.TheteacheraskedBenadifferentquestioninclass.A.answerB.answeringC.toanswerD.answered.--HaVeyOumadeupyOurmindtheSickkids?--Bysingingsongs.A.whattotellB.howtocheenpC.whentohelpD.wheretolookafter.Don?tyouthinkimportanttoprotecourearth?A.thatBhowC.itDthis.Shewassupposedinhospital,butpeoplefoundherintheoffice.A.tolieB.lyingC.lieD.lies.Let'splayinthestreet.Fatherllsmedoso.A.notto;nottoB.not;nottoCdo.n’t;tonotD.nottod;on’t15.Theoldmanisillandhedoesn’tfeellike.A.toeatsomethingB.toeatanythingC.eatingsomethingD.eatinganything1.Ifyoufeeltired,youstop.A.havearestB.tohavearestC.havingarestD.hadarest2.Shewassurprisedmelastnight.A.toseeB.seeC.sawD.seeing.--Hidyoutellhimaboutthenews?--Byane-ma

il.A.How;SendingB.How;sendC.How;SentDWhat;Sending.---t?scoldoutside.--Whystayathome?A.notyouB.nottoC.notDnoSjmoreinformationaboutthetripyoucangotoA.FindB.FindingC.TofindD.Found.--Youaren'tastrangeraren'tyou? don'tyourememberme

atthe^choolgatetenminutesago?A.Yes;toseeBeNo;SeeingC.