英語專四之比較結(jié)構(gòu)

專四語法考點(diǎn)串講之四形容詞、副詞及比較平行結(jié)構(gòu)-、形容詞后置情況總結(jié)：修飾不定代詞something,anything,nothing,everything等時(shí)，例：Thereissomethingdifficultinthisbook.形容詞后面有介詞短語或不定式短語的時(shí)候。例：Thisisastudentworthofpraise.用and或or連接兩個(gè)形容詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之后，起強(qiáng)調(diào)修飾的作用。例：Theywillturntheirmotherlandintoacountry,beautifulandmodern.形容詞同表示數(shù)量的詞組連用時(shí)亦放在后面。例：Thepipeistwelvefeetlong.二、感嘆副詞what、how之間的區(qū)別：what修飾名詞或名詞短語，how修飾副詞或形容詞。如:WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?(2012)A.Howstrangefeelingstheyare!Whatnoisetheyaremaking!A.Howstrangefeelingstheyare!Whatnoisetheyaremaking!三、同根副詞辨析：1)hard努力地hardly幾乎3)most極，非常mostly主要地5)deep深，遲deeply抽象意義上的“深”7)express用快遞方式expressly清楚地,Howdareyouspeaktomelikethat!D.Whatamesswearein!lately近來widely廣泛地nearly幾乎明白地8)just恰好，正是justly正義、公正地2)late晚，遲4)wide廣闊地6)near鄰近詳細(xì)閱讀課本(P276-280)并做P280-281練習(xí)題24B。四、比較等級(jí)的常見句型：as+原級(jí)+as(as+原級(jí)+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+as)，其否定形式為notas/so+原級(jí)+as比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象(less+原級(jí)+比較對(duì)象)比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)或moreandmore+原級(jí)the+比較級(jí)…，the+比較級(jí)…the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwothe+最高級(jí)(+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)+of/among+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或in+單數(shù)名詞beoneof/among+the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞thelast+原級(jí)(+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)+of/among+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或in+單數(shù)名詞五、比較等級(jí)的修飾語：修飾原級(jí)：fairly,quite,rather,so,very,too等。修飾比較級(jí)：much,even,far,rather,still,any,no(而不用very,quite,fairly，Greatly)，abit,alittle,ahead,agreatdeal.alot,byfar等。六、如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有many、few，不可數(shù)名詞前有much、little等表示量的形容詞時(shí)，該用so而不用such；注意：little不表示數(shù)量而表示“小”的意思時(shí)，仍用such。七、almost與nearly的用法區(qū)另U：在very,pretty,not后用nearly,不用almosto在any,no,none,never前用almost,不用nearly。Eg.I'mnotnearlyready.Ialmostneverseeher.八、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：AistoBwhat/asXisY;如:53.Nineistothreethreeistoone.(2008)A.whenB.thatC.whichD.whatA+V.+倍數(shù)或分?jǐn)?shù)as+adj./adv.+as+B.A+V.+倍數(shù)或分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞ofB如：55.Anewlaptopcostsaboutofasecond-handone.(2009)A.thepriceofthreetimesB.threetimesthepriceC.asmuchasthethreetimespriceD.threetimesmorethantheprice64.Thesquareitselfisfivehundredyardswide,fivetimesthesizeofSt.Peter'sinRome.(2008)A./B.thatofC.whichisD.ofmajor,minor,inferior,superior,senior,junior,prior+to表示比較;九、As的用法、比較級(jí)的用法及隱含比較級(jí)as的用法：原級(jí)比較一般結(jié)構(gòu)as...as;notas...as;thesame...as;Eg:Theworkisnotasdifficultasyouthink.Lastyear,landvaluesinmostpartsofthepinelandsrosealmostasfastasthoseoutsidethepinelands.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位置較靈活，可以位于主句前面.中間或后面，一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，但which所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句，常帶有?正如,。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone?shealth.Asisknown,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.As是關(guān)系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當(dāng)從句的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞know要用被動(dòng)式。盡管，雖說(引起讓步狀語從句)Eg.Intelligentasshewas,shehadnotmuchinsight.盡管她很聰明，但她沒眼力。Asmuchas達(dá)到(和)(一樣)的程度as(so)faras就而論，據(jù)(引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句)Soasto為的是，以便Suchasto以致53.Hisremarkswereannoyeverybodyatthemeeting.(2005)A.soastoB.suchastoC.suchtoD.asmuchasto&as(so)longas只要(=onlyif引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句)assoonas一…就(引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)aswell(as)也，以及，還；和；不僅(連接并列成分或從句)nosuch...as沒有這樣一個(gè)…Landbelongstothecity;thereisthingasprivateownershipofland.(2006)A)nosuchaB)notsuchC)notsuchaD)nosuchasmuchof…as正如…一樣64.Itwaswehadhoped.(2006)A)moreasuccessthanB)asuccessmorethanC)asmuchofasuccessasD)asuccessasmuchassomuchas用在否定句中：與其說，不如說41.Thetrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.butIwasn'tbotheredbyhisloudnesshislackoftalent.(2004)A.somuchasB.ratherthanC.asDthanItisnotsomuchthelanguagetheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthefilmdifficulttounderstand.(2015，2011.57，2007.57,1999.45)A.butB.norC.likeD.as比較級(jí)的用法：morethan用法和意義較多，單獨(dú)使用時(shí)其含義有:“不僅是，非常，十分”等。more...than其含義可以是:“與其說不如說，不是而是”nomorethanVS.notmorethanHehasnomorethanfivedollarsonhim.他身上僅有5美元。（強(qiáng)調(diào)少）Hehasnotmorethanfivedollarsonhim.他身上帶的錢不超過5美元。（客觀陳述，數(shù)額少于5美元）nomore...thanVS.notmore...thanHeisnomorediligentthanyou.他不勤奮，你也不勤奮。（兩人都不勤奮，含有消極否定的意思）Heisnotmorediligentthanyou.他沒有像你那樣勤奮。（兩人都勤奮，但你更勤奮，含有積極、肯定的意思，表示程度上的差異）62.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobablyathreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.（2007）A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmorenolessthan=asmuchas意為：“竟有…之多，多達(dá)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)多notlessthan意為“不少于，至少”，客觀地描述noless...than前后均為肯定，含有驚奇的感情色彩?？勺g為：“正是…，和…一樣，多達(dá)，竟有…之多”比較：Hissonhasreadnolessthan50Englishbooks.他的兒子竟然讀了50本英文書。（強(qiáng)調(diào)多）Hissonhasreadnotlessthan50Englishbooks.他的兒子讀了不少于50本英文書。（客觀陳述，不強(qiáng)調(diào)多或少）hardlymorethan用來表示“僅僅”。Eg.Thelittlemanwashardlymorethanonemeterfiftyhigh.這個(gè)小個(gè)子男人僅有1.5米高.在more...than結(jié)構(gòu)中，than有時(shí)可看作關(guān)系代詞，相當(dāng)于thanwhat...Eg.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheriskofgettingcancerthanexistsinthepublicmindtoday.（Than=thanwhat...）人們不應(yīng)該像今天這樣擔(dān)心害怕患上癌癥Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan.（2007）A.havebeenputinB.hasbeenputinC.beingputinD.tobeputinnootherthan只有，正是。它常用來加強(qiáng)語氣，多用于書面語。Eg.Themurdererturnedouttobenootherpersonthantheinspectorhimself.結(jié)果是，那個(gè)殺人犯不是別人，正是巡官自己。&nobetterthan和一樣，實(shí)際上等于（practicallythesameas）Eg.Amanwhocannotreadandwriteisnobetterthantheblind.不識(shí)字的人跟瞎子沒有兩樣。Nosoonerthan:60.Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestationthecoachleft.（2009）A.whenB.asC.untilD.thanmost大多數(shù)的意思；mostof某個(gè)范圍中的大多數(shù)。better...than與其說倒不如說。Eg.Certainprogramsworkbetterforsomethanforothers.某些項(xiàng)目對(duì)有些人來說效果不錯(cuò)對(duì)其他人來說則不然。morelikely...than比較結(jié)構(gòu)Eg.Therearefewelectronicapplicationsmorelikelytoraisefearsregardingfuture很少有電子應(yīng)用軟件能夠像機(jī)器人那樣引起人們對(duì)未來就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的擔(dān)憂。13.otherthan意思是：不同于，除之外；ratherthan意思是：而不是。隱含比較級(jí)：inferior,superior,senior,junior,prior+topriorto較早的，較重要的Thetaskispriortoallothers.這項(xiàng)任務(wù)比其他所有的任務(wù)都重要。superiorto優(yōu)越，高于InmathhefeltsuperiortoJohn.他覺得自己數(shù)學(xué)比約翰強(qiáng)。inferiorto下等的，次的seniorto年長(zhǎng)的，地位高的；junior年幼的，地位低的，遲的Heistwoyearsseniortome.他比我大兩歲。preferableto更好的Healthwithoutrichesispreferabletoricheswithouthealth.貧窮但健康要比富有卻多病更可取。prefer...to更傾向于…preferdoingsthtodoingsthprefertodoratherthando真題總匯(1994-2015)Maryishardworkingthanhersister,butshefailedintheexam.(2015)A.nosoB.nomoreC.notlessD.nolessItisnotsomuchthelanguagetheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthefilmdifficulttounderstand.(2015)A.butB.norC.likeD.asWhichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsmodifiesanadverb?(2014)A.Iratherlikemyteacher.B.Thatwasaveryfunnyfilm.C.Doitrightnow.D.Wewalkedabout6miles.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?(2012)A.Howstrangefeelingstheyare!B.Howdareyouspeaktomelikethat!C.Whatnoisetheyaremaking!D.Whatamesswearein!WhichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesisINCORRECT?(2011)A.Thecityisnowtentimesitsoriginalsize.B_IwishIhadtwotimeshisstrength.Theselleraskedfordoubletheusualprice.Theycomeherefourtimeseveryyear.Itisnotsomuchthelanguagetheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(2011)A.asB.norC.butD.likeHefeelsthatheisnotyettotravelabroad.(2010)A.toostrongB.enoughstrongC.sostrongD._strongenough

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