英語六級考試：2019年06月考試真題和答案解析第3套

英語六級考試：2019年06月考試真題與答案解析[第3套]PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayconcerned"Ifyoucan'tdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway."Youshouldgiveanexampleortwotoillustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.1.A)Thewomanseldomspeakshighlyofherself.B)Themanisunhappywiththewoman'sremark.C)Themanbehavesasifhewereathoroughfool.D)Thewomanthinkssheisclevererthantheman.2.A)Threecrewmemberswereinvolvedintheincident.B)Noneofthehijackerscarriedanydeadlyweapons.C)TheplanehadbeenscheduledtoflytoJapan.D)Noneofthepassengerswereinjuredorkilled.3.A)Atacheckoutcounter.B)Atacommercialbank.C)Atatravelagency.D)Atahotelfrontdesk.4.A)Therestaurantwasnotuptothespeakers'expectations.B)Therestaurantplacesmanyadsinpopularmagazines.C)ThecriticthoughthighlyoftheChineserestaurant.D)Chinatownhasgotthebestrestaurantsinthecity.5.A)Prof.Laurencehasstoppedconductingseminars.B)Prof.Laurenceisgoingintoanactiveretirement.C)Theprofessor'sgraduateseminariswellreceived.D)Theprofessorwillleadaquietlifeafterretirement.6.A)FindingareplacementforLeon.B)AssigningLeontoanewposition.C)ArrangingforRodney'svisittomorrow.D)FindingasolutiontoRodney'sproblem.7.A)Helenhasbeenlookingforwardtotheexhibition.B)Thephotographyexhibitionwillclosetomorrow.C)Helenaskedthemantobookaticketforher.D)PhotographyisoneofHelen'smanyhobbies.8.A)Thespeakerssharethesameopinion.B)Steveknowshowtomotivateemployees.C)Thewomanisoutoftouchwiththerealworld.D)ThemanhasabetterunderstandingofSteve.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Itiswellpaid.B)Itisdemanding.C)Itisstimulating.D)Itisfairlysecure.10.A)Alighterworkload.B)Freeaccommodation.C)Movingexpenses.D)Aquickpromotion.11.A)Hehastosignalong-termcontract.B)Hehastroubleadaptingtothelocalweather.C)Hehastospendalotmoretravelingbackandforth.D)Hehasdifficultycommunicatingwithlocalpeople.12.A)Thewomansympathizeswiththeman.B)Themanisintheprocessofjobhunting.C)Themanisgoingtoattendajobinterview.D)Thewomanwillhelpthemanmakeachoice.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Toseeifhecangetaloanfromthewoman'sbank.B)Toseeifhecanfindajobinthewoman'scompany.C)Toinquireaboutthecurrentfinancialmarketsituation.D)Toinquireabouttheinterestratesatthewoman'sbank.14.A)Long-terminvestment.B)Anyhigh-interestdeposit.C)Athree-monthdeposit.D)Anyhigh-yieldinvestment.15.A)Shetreatedhimtoameal.B)Sheraisedinterestratesforhim.C)Sheofferedhimdiningcoupons.D)Shegavehimloansatlowrates.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theabilitytopredictfashiontrends.B)Arefinedtasteforartisticworks.C)Yearsofpracticalexperience.D)Strictprofessionaltraining.17.A)PromotingallkindsofAmericanhand-madespecialties.B)Strengtheningcooperationwithforeigngovernments.C)Conductingtradeinartworkswithdealersoverseas.D)Purchasinghandicraftsfromallovertheworld.18.A)Shehasaccesstofashionablethings.B)Sheisdoingwhatsheenjoysdoing.C)Shecanenjoylifeonamodestsalary.D)Sheisfreetodowhatevershewants.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Itsroleistoregulateinternationalcoffeeprices.B)Itrepresentsseveralcountriesthatexportcoffee.C)Itsmostimportanttaskistoconductcoffeestudies.D)ItisaPortuguesecompanysellingcoffeeinNewYork.20.A)Theincreasedcoffeeconsumption.B)Thefluctuationofcoffeeprices.C)ThefreezingweatherinBrazil.D)Theimpactofglobalwarming.21.A)Heisaheavycoffeedrinker.B)Heistall,richandintelligent.C)Heisdoingabachelor'sdegree.D)Heisyoung,handsomeandsingle.22.A)Avisittoseveralcoffee-growingplantations.B)Avacationonsomebeautifultropicalbeach.C)Coffeepricesandhisadvertisingcampaign.D)Aquickpromotionandahandsomeincome.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Theyweredelayedbythetrainforhours.B)Theywerelateforthefirstmorningbus.C)Theyboardedawrongcoachinahurry.D)Theywereheldupinatrafficjam.24.A)Itwaspostponedduetoterribleweather.B)Itwasspoiledbypooraccommodations.C)Itwasthemostexcitingtriptheyeverhad.D)Itwascanceledbecauseofanunexpectedstrike.25.A)Gooverseas.B)Stayathome.C)Takeescortedtrips.D)Takeromanticcruises.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youmilhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Whywouldananimalkillitself?Itseemsastrangequestion,andyetitisonethathas(26)____somepeopleforalongtime.Thelemming（旅鼠）isonesuchanimal.Lemmingsperiodicallycommitmass(27)____,andnooneknowsjustwhy!Thesmall(28)____,whichinhabittheScandinavianmountains,sustainthemselvesonadietofrootsandliveinneststheymakeunderground.Whentheirfoodsupplyis(29)____large,thelemmingsliveanormal,undisturbedlife.However,whenthelemmings'foodsupplybecomestoolowtosupportthepopulation,asingular(30)____commences.Thelemmingsleavetheirnestsalltogetheratthesametime,forminghugecrowds.GreatnumbersofthelemmingsbeginalongandhardjourneyacrosstheScandinavianplains,ajourneythatmaylastweeks.Thelemmingseateverythingintheirpath,continuingtheir(31)____marchuntiltheyreachthesea.Thereasonforwhatfollowsremainsamysteryforzoologistsandnaturalists.Uponreachingthecoast,thelemmingsdonotstopbutswimbythethousandsintothesurf.Most(32)____onlyashorttimebeforetheytire,sinkanddrown.Acommontheoryforthisunusualphenomenonisthatthelemmingsdonotrealizethattheoceanissuch(33)____water.Intheircross-countryjourney,theanimalsmusttraversemanysmallerbodiesofwater,suchasriversandsmalllakes.Theymay(34)____thattheseaisjustanothersuchswimmable(35)____.Butnofinalanswerhasbeenfoundtothemystery.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage."Thatwhichdoesnotkillusmakesusstronger."Butparentscan'thandleitwhenteenagersputthis36____intopractice.Nowtechnologyhasbecomethenewfieldfortheage-oldbattlebetweenadultsandtheirfreedom-seekingkids.Lockedindoors,unabletogetontheirbicyclesandhangoutwiththeirfriends,teenshaveturnedtosocialmediaandtheirmobilephonestosocializewiththeirpeers.Whattheydoonlineoften37____whattheymightotherwisedoiftheirmobilityweren'tsoheavily38____intheageofhelicopterparenting.Socialmediaandsmart-phoneappshavebecomesopopularinrecentyearsbecauseteensneedaplacetocalltheirown.Theywantthefreedomto39____theiridentityandtheworldaroundthem.Insteadof40____out,theyjumponline.Asteenshavemovedonline,parentshaveprojectedtheirfearsontotheInternet,imaginingallthe41____dangersthatyouthmightface一from42____strangerstocurelpeerstopicturesorwordsthatcouldhauntthemonGooglefortherestoftheirlives.Ratherthanhelpingteensdevelopstrategiesfornegotiatingpubliclifeandtherisksof43____withothers,fear-fulparentshavefocusedontracking,monitoringandblocking.Thesetactics（策略）don'thelpteensdeveloptheskillstheyneedtomanagecomplexsocialsituations,44____risksandgethelpwhenthey'reintrouble."Protecting"kidsmayfeelliketherightthingtodo,butit45____thelearningthatteensneedtodoastheycomeofageinatechnology-soakedworld.A)assessB)constrainedC)containsD)exploreE)influenceF)interactingG)interpretationH)magnifiedI)mirrorsJ)philosophyK)potentialL)sneakingM)stickingN)underminesO)violentSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.InequalityIsNotInevitable[A]Adangeroustrendhasdevelopedoverthispastthirdofacentury.AcountrythatexperiencedsharedgrowthafterWorldWarIIbegantotearapart,somuchsothatwhentheGreatRecessionhitinlate2007,onecouldnolongerignorethedivisionthathadcometodefinetheAmericaneconomiclandscape.Howdidthis"shiningcityonahill"becometheadvancedcountrywiththegreatestlevelofinequality?[B]Overthepastyearandahalf,TheGreatdivide,aseriesinTheNewYorkTimes,haspresentedawiderangeofexamplesthatunderminethenotionthatthereareanytrulyfundamentallawsofcapitalism.Thedynamicsoftheimperialcapitalismofthe19thcenturyneedn'tapplyinthedemocraciesofthe21st.wedon'tneedtohavethismuchinequalityinAmerica.[C]Ourcurrentbrandofcapitalismisafakecapitalism.ForproofofthisgobacktoourresponsetotheGreatRecession,wherewesocializedlosses,evenasweprivatizedgains.Perfectcompetitionshoulddriveprofitstozero,atleasttheoretically,butwehavemonopoliesmakingpersistentlyhighprofits.C.E.O.senjoyincomesthatareonaverage295timesthatofthetypicalworker,amuchhigherratiothaninthepast,withoutanyevidenceofaproportionateincreaseinproductivity.[D]IfitisnotthecruellawsofeconomicsthathaveledtoAmerica'sgreatdivide,whatisit?Thestraightforwardanswer:ourpoliciesandourpolitics.PeoplegettiredofhearingaboutScandinaviansuccessstories,butthefactofthematteristhatSweden,FinlandandNorwayhaveallsucceededinhavingaboutasmuchorfastergrowthinpercapita（人均的）incomesthantheUnitedStatesandwithfargreaterequality.[E]SowhyhasAmericachosentheseinequality-enhancingpolicies?PartoftheansweristhatasWorldWarIIfadedintomemory,sotoodidthesolidarityithadcreated.AsAmericatriumphedintheColdWar,theredidn'tseemtobearealcompetitortooureconomicmodel.Withoutthisinternationalcompetition,wenolongerhadtoshowthatoursystemcoulddeliverformostofourcitizens.[F]Ideologyandinterestscombineviciously.SomedrewthewronglessonfromthecollapseoftheSovietsystemin1991.Thependulumswungfrommuchtoomuchgovernmenttheretomuchtoolittlehere.Corporateinterestsarguedforgettingridofregulations,evenwhenthoseregulationshaddonesomuchtoprotectandimprovepurenvironment,oursafety,ourhealthandtheeconomyitself.[G]Butthisideologywashypocritical（虛偽的）.Thebankers,amongthestrongestadvocatesoflaissez-faire（自由放任的）economics,wereonlytoowillingtoaccepthundredsofbillionsofdollarsfromthegovernmentintheaidprogramsthathavebeenarecurringfeatureoftheglobaleconomysincethebeginningoftheThatcher-Reaganeraof"free"marketsandderegulation.[H]TheAmericanpoliticalsystemisoverrunbymoney.Economicinequalitytranslatesintopoliticalin-equality,andpoliticalinequalityyieldsincreasingeconomicinequality.Socorporatewelfareincreasesaswereducewelfareforthepoor.Congressmaintainssubsidiesforrichfarmersaswecutbackonnutritionalsupportfortheneedy.DrugcompanieshavebeengivenhundredsofbillionsofdollarsaswelimitMedicaidbenefits.Thebanksthatbroughtontheglobalfinancialcrisisgotbillionswhileatinybitwenttothehomeownersandvictimsofthesamebanks'predatory（掠奪性的）lendingpractices.Thislastdecisionwasparticularlyfoolish.Therewerealternativestothrowingmoneyatthebanksandhopingitwouldcirculatethroughincreasedlending.[I]Ourdivisionsaredeep.Economicandgeographicsegregationhasimmunizedthoseatthetopfromtheproblemsofthosedownbelow.Likethekingsofancienttimes'theyhavecometoperceivetheirprivilegedpositionsessentiallyasanaturalright.[J]Oureconomy,ourdemocracyandoursocietyhavepaidforthesegrossinequalities.Thetruetestofaneconomyisnothowmuchwealthitsprincescanaccumulateintaxhavens（庇護(hù)所）,buthowwelloffthetypicalcitizenis.Butaverageincomesarelowerthantheywereaquarter-centuryago.Growthhasgonetothevery,verytop,whosesharehasalmostincreasedfourtimessince1980.Moneythatwasmeanttohavetrickled（流淌）downhasinsteadevaporatedintheagreeableclimateoftheCaymanIslands.[K]WithalmostaquarterofAmericanchildrenyoungerthan5livinginpoverty,andwithAmericadoingsolittleforitspoor,thedeprivationsofonegenerationarebeingvisiteduponthenext.Ofcourse,nocountryhasevercomeclosetoprovidingcompleteequalityofopportunity.ButwhyisAmericaoneoftheadvancedcountrieswherethelifeprospectsoftheyoungaremostsharplydeterminedbytheincomeandeducationoftheirparents?[L]AmongthemostbitterstoriesinTheGreatDividewerethosethatportrayedthefrustrationsoftheyoung,wholongtoenterourshrinkingmiddleclass.Soaringtuitionsanddecliningincomeshaveresultedinlargerdebtburdens.Thosewithonlyahighschooldiplomahaveseentheirincomesdeclineby13percentoverthepast35years.[M]Wherejusticeisconcerned,thereisalsoahugedivide.Intheeyesoftherestoftheworldandasignificantpartofitsownpopulation,massimprisonmenthascometodefineAmerica—acountry,itbearsrepeating,withabout5percentoftheworld'spopulationbutaroundafourthoftheworld'sprisoners.[N]Justicehasbecomeacommodity,affordabletoonlyafew.WhileWallStreetexecutivesusedtheirexpensivelawyerstoensurethattheirrankswerenotheldaccountableforthemisdeedsthatthecrisisin2008sographicallyrevealed,thebanksabusedourlegalsystemtoforeclose（取消贖回權(quán)）onmortgagesandejecttenants,someofwhomdidnotevenowemoney.[O]Morethanahalf-centuryago,AmericaledthewayinadvocatingfortheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights,adoptedbytheUnitedNationsin1948.Today,accesstohealthcareisamongthemostuniversallyacceptedrights,atleastintheadvancedcountries.America,despitetheimplementationoftheAffordableCareAct,istheexception.InthereliefthatmanyfeltwhentheSupremeCourtdidnotoverturntheAffordableCareAct,theimplicationsofthedecisionforMedicaidwerenotfullyappreciated.Obamacare'sobjective一toensurethatallAmericanshaveaccesstohealthcare—hasbeenblocked:24stateshavenotimplementedtheexpandedMedicaidprogram,whichwasthemeansbywhichObamacarewassupposedtodeliveronitspromisetosomeofthepoorest.[P]Weneednotjustanewwaronpovertybutawartoprotectthemiddleclass.Solutionstotheseproblemsdonothavetobenovel.Farfromit.Makingmarketsactlikemarketswouldbeagoodplacetostart.Wemustendtherent-seekingsocietywehavegravitatedtoward,inwhichthewealthyobtainprofitsbymanipulatingthesystem.[Q]Theproblemofinequalityisnotsomuchamatteroftechnicaleconomics.It'sreallyaproblemofpracticalpolitics.Inequalityisnotjustaboutthetopmarginaltaxratebutalsoaboutourchildren'saccesstofoodandtherighttojusticeforall.Ifwespentmoreoneducation,healthandinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）,wewouldstrengthenoureconomy,nowandinthefuture.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46.Intheory,freecompetitionissupposedtoreducethemarginofprofitstotheminimum.47.TheUnitedStatesisnowcharacterizedbyagreatdivisionbetweentherichandthepoor.48.Americalackedtheincentivetocareforthemajorityofitscitizensasitfoundnorivalforitseconomicmodel.49.Thewealthytophavecometotakeprivilegesforgranted.50.Manyexamplesshowthebasiclawsofimperialcapitalismnolongerapplyinpresent-dayAmerica.51.Theauthorsuggestsareturntothetruespiritofthemarket.52.Aquarteroftheworld'sprisonerpopulationisinAmerica.53.GovernmentregulationinAmericawentfromoneextremetotheotherinthepasttwodecades.54.Justicehasbecomesoexpensivethatonlyasmallnumberofpeoplelikecorporateexecutivescanaffordit.55.Nocountryintheworldsofarhasbeenabletoprovidecompletelyequalopportunitiesforall.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Airpollutionisdeterioratinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedassoonasthesunshinesprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen,openspaces.Theydonotallknowwhattheyareseekingbuttheyflockthere,nevertheless.And,inthesesurroundings,theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.Itisraretoseepeoplefightinginagarden.Perhapsstruggleunfoldsfirst,notataneconomicorsociallevel,butovertheappropriationofair,essentialtolifeitself.Ifhumanbeingscanbreatheandshareair,theydon'tneedtostrugglewithoneanother.Unfortunately,inourwesterntradition,neithermaterialistnoridealisttheoreticiansgiveenoughconsiderationtothisbasicconditionforlife.Asforpoliticians,despiteproposingcurbsonenvironmentalpollution,theyhavenotyetcalledforittobemadeacrime.Wealthycountriesareevenallowedtopolluteiftheypayforit.Butisourlifeworthanythingotherthanmoney?Theplantworldshowsusinsilencewhatfaithfulnesstolifeconsistsof.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning,urgingustocareforourbreath,notonlyatavitalbutalsoataspirituallevel.Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentionisthatwhichexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.Oftendescribedas"thelungsoftheplanet",thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathableairbyreleasingoxygen.Buttheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhaslongreacheditslimit.Ifwelacktheairnecessaryforahealthylife,itisbecausewehavefilleditwithchemicalsandundercuttheabilityofplantstoregenerateit.Asweknow,rapiddeforestationcombinedwiththemassiveburningoffossilfuelsisanexplosiverecipeforanirreversibledisaster.Thefightovertheappropriationofresourceswillleadtheentireplanettohellunlesshumanslearntosharelife,bothwitheachotherandwithplants.Thistaskissimultaneouslyethicalandpoliticalbecauseitcanbedischargedonlywheneachtakesituponherselforhimselfandonlywhenitisaccomplishedtogetherwithothers.Thelessontaughtbyplantsisthatsharinglifeexpandsandenhancesthesphereoftheliving,whiledividinglifeintoso-callednaturalorhumanresourcesdiminishesit.Wemustcometoviewtheair,theplantsandourselvesasthecontributorstothepreservationoflifeandgrowth,ratherthanawebofquantifiableobjectsorproductivepotentialitiesatourdisposal.Perhapsthenwewouldfinallybegintolive,ratherthanbeingconcernedwithbaresurvival.56.Whatdoestheauthorassumemightbetheprimaryreasonthatpeoplewouldstrugglewitheachother?A)Togettheirshareofcleanair.B)Topursueacomfortablelife.C)Togainahighersocialstatus.D)Toseekeconomicbenefits.57.Whatdoestheauthoraccusewesternpoliticiansof?A)Deprivingcommonpeopleoftherighttocleanair.B)Givingprioritytotheoryratherthanpracticalaction.C)Offeringpreferentialtreatmenttowealthycountries.D)Failingtopasslawstocurbenvironmentalpollution.58.Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawourclosestattentionto?A)Themassiveburningoffossilfuels.B)Ourrelationshiptotheplantworld.C)Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair.D)Large-scaledeforestationacrosstheworld.59.Howcanhumanbeingsaccomplishthegoalofprotectingtheplanetaccordingtotheauthor?A)Byshowingrespectforplants.B)Bypreservingallformsoflife.C)Bytappingallnaturalresources.D)Bypoolingtheireffortstogether.60.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernotjusttosurvive?A)Expandthesphereofliving.B)Developnature'spotentials.C)Sharelifewithnature.D)Allocatetheresources.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Earlydecision—youapplytooneschool,andadmissionisbinding—seemslikeagreatchoicefornervousapplicants.Schoolsletinahigherpercentageofearly-decisionapplicants,whicharguablymeansthatyouhaveabetterchanceofgettingin.Andifyoudo,you'redonewiththewholeagonizingprocessbyDecember.Butwhatmoststudentsandparentsdon'trealizeisthatschoolshavehiddenmotivesforofferingearlydecision.Earlydecision,sinceit'sbinding,allowsschoolstofilltheirclasseswithqualifiedstudents;itallowsad-missionscommitteestoselectthestudentsthatareinparticulardemandfortheircollegeandknowthosestudentswillcome.Italsogivesschoolsahigheryieldrate,whichisoftenusedasoneofthewaystomeasurecollegeselectivityandpopularity.Theproblemisthatthisprocesseffectivelyshortensthewindowoftimestudentshavetomakeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsoftheirlivesuptothatpoint.Underregularadmissions,seniorshaveuntilMay1tochoosewhichschooltoattend;earlydecisioneffectivelystealssixmonthsfromthem,monthsthatcouldbeusedtovisitmoreschools,domoreresearch,speaktocurrentstudentsandalumni（校友）andarguablymakeamoreinformeddecision.Thereare,frankly,anastonishingnumberofexceptionalcollegesinAmerica,andforanygivenstudent,thereareanumberofschoolsthatareagreatfit.Whenstudentsbecometoofixated（專注）onaparticularschoolearlyintheadmissionsprocess,thatfixationcanleadtoseveredisappointmentiftheydon'tgetinor,iftheydo,thepossibilitythattheyarenowboundtogotoaschoolthat,giventimeforfurtherreflection,maynotactuallyberightforthem.Insofarasearlydecisionoffersagenuineadmissionsedge,thatadvantagegoeslargelytostudentswhoalreadyhavenumerousadvantage.Thestudentswhouseearlydecisiontendtobethosewhohavereceivedhigher-qualitycollegeguidance,usuallyaresultofcomingfromamoreprivilegedbackground.Inthisregard,there'sanargumentagainstearlydecision,asstudentsfromlower-incomefamiliesarefarlesslikelytohavetheadmissionsknow-howtonavigatetheoftenconfusingearlydeadlines.Studentswhohavedonetheirresearchandareconfidentthatthere'soneschooltheywouldbethrilledtogetintoshould,underthecurrentsystem,probablyapplyunderearlydecision.Butforstudentswhohaven'tyetdoneenoughresearch,orwhoarestillconstantlychangingtheirmindsonfavoriteschools,theearly-decisionsystemneedlesslyandprematurelynarrowsthefieldofpossibilityjustatatimewhenstudentsshouldbeopeningthemselvestoawholerangeofthrillingoptions.61.Whatarestudentsobligedtodounderearlydecision?A)Lookintoalotofschoolsbeforetheyapply.B)Attendtheschooloncetheyareadmitted.C)Thinktwicebeforetheyaccepttheoffer.D)Consultthecurrentstudentsandalumni.62.Whydoschoolsofferearlydecision?A)Tomakesuretheygetqualifiedstudents.B)Toavoidcompetitionwithothercolleges.C)Toprovidemoreopportunitiesforapplicants.D)Tosavestudentstheagonyofchoosingaschool.63.Whatissaidtobetheproblemwithearlydecisionforstudents?A)Itmakestheirapplicationprocessmorecomplicated.B)Itplacestoohighademandontheirresearchability.C)Itallowsthemlittletimetomakeinformeddecisions.D)Itexertsmuchmorepsychologicalpressureonthem.64.Whyaresomepeopleopposedtoearlydecision?A)Itinterfereswithstudents'learninginhighschool.B)Itisbiasedagainststudentsatordinaryhighschools.C)Itcausesunnecessaryconfusionamongcollegeapplicants.D)Itplacesstudentsfromlower-incomefamiliesatadisadvantage.65.Whatdoestheauthoradvisecollegeapplicantstodo?A)Refrainfromcompetingwithstudentsfromprivilegedfamilies.B)Avoidchoosingearlydecisionunlesstheyarefullyprepared.C)Findsufficientinformationabouttheirfavoriteschools.D)Lookbeyondthefewsupposedlythrillingoptions.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youar