英語四級(jí)考試：2020年12月考試真題和答案解析第2套

英語四級(jí)考試：2020年12月考試真題和答案解析[第2套]PartIWriting30minutes）Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduateschool.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourchoice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes）SectionADirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport，youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1. A)Tosatisfythecuriosityoftourists. C)ToenabletouriststovisitGoatIsland. B)Toreplacetwooldstonebridges. D)Toimproveutilityservicesinthestate2. A)Countlesstreelimbs. C)Lotsofwreckedboatsandships. B)Afewskeletons. D)Millionsofcoinsonthebottom.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard3. A)ItsuspendeddiplomaticrelationswithLibya.B)IturgedtouriststoleaveTunisiaimmediately.C)ItshutdowntwobordercrossingswithLibya.D)ItlaunchedafierceattackagainstIslamicState.4. A)AdviseTunisianciviliansonhowtotakesafetyprecautions.B)Trackdowntheorganizationresponsiblefortheterroristattack.C)TrainqualifiedsecuritypersonnelfortheTunisiangovernment.D)DeviseamonitoringsystemontheTunisianborderwithLibya.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5. A)Anenvironment-friendlybattery. C)Aplant-poweredmobilephonecharger.B)Anenergy-savingmobilephone. D)Adevicetohelpplantsabsorbsunlight.6. A)Whilesittingintheirschool'scourtyard. C)Whilesolvingamathematicalproblem.B)Whileplayinggamesontheirphones. D)Whiledoingachemicalexperiment.7. A)ItincreasestheapplicationsofmobilephonesB)Itspeedsuptheprocessofphotosynthesis.C)Itimprovesthereceptionofmobilephones.D)Itcollectstheenergyreleasedbyplants.SectionBDirections:Inthissection，youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation，youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromfourchoicemarkedA），B），C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteranAnswersheet1withasinglelinethoughthecentre.Question8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8. A)HevisitedtheworkshopsintheGrimsbyplant.B)Hecalledthewomanandleftheramessage.C)Heusedstand-insasreplacementsonalllines.D)Heaskedatechniciantofixthebrokenproductionline.9. A)Itisthemostmodernproductionline. C)IthasstoppedworkingcompletelyB)Itassemblessuper-intelligentrobots. D)Itisgoingtobeupgradedsoon.10. A)Toseekherpermission. C)Torequesthertoreturnatonce.B)Toplaceanorderforrobots. D)ToaskforTom'sphonenumber.11. A)Sheisonduty. C)Sheisonsickleave.B)Sheishavingherdayoff. D)Sheisabroadonbusiness.Question12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12. A)Hesavedababyboy'slife. C)Hepreventedatraincrash.B)Hewantedtobeasuperhero. D)Hewasawitnesstoanaccident13. A)Hehasa9-month-oldboy. C)Heenjoystheinterview.B)Heiscurrentlyunemployed. D)Hecommutesbysubway.14. A)Arockonthetracks. C)Astrongwind.B)Amisplacedpushchair. D)Aspeedingcar.15. A)Shestoodmotionlessinshock. C)Shecalledthepoliceatonce.B)Shecriedbitterly. D)Sheshoutedforhelp.SectionCDirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage，youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16. A)Sheinheritedherfamilyice-creambusinessinBillings.B)Shelovedtheice-creambusinessmorethanteachingprimaryschool.C)Shestartedanice-creambusinesstofinanceherdaughter'seducation.D)Shewantedtohaveanice-creamtruckwhenshewasalittlegirl.17. A)Topreserveatradition. C)Tohelplocaleducation.B)Toamuseherdaughter. D)Tomakesomeextramoney.18. A)Toraisemoneyforbusinessexpansion. C)Toallowpoorkidstohaveice-creamtoo.B)Tomakehertruckattractivetochildren. D)ToteachkidsthevalueofmutualsupportQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19. A)Thereasonsforimposingtaxes. C)Thevariousburdensonordinarycitizens.B)Thevariousseriousmoneycanbuy. D)Thefunctionofmoneyinthemodernworld.20. A)Educatingandtrainingcitizens. C)Protectingpeople’slifeandproperty.C)Improvingpublictranslation. D)Buildinghospitalsandpubliclibraries.21. A)Byaskingfordonations. C)Bysellinggovernmentbonds.B)Bysellingpubliclands. D)Byexploitingnaturalresources.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22. A)ItislocatedatthecenteroftheEuropeancontinent.B)Itreliesontourismasitschiefsourceofrevenues.C)Itcontainslessthanasquaremileofland.D)ItissurroundedbyFranceonthreesides.23. A)ItsbeautyisfrequentlymentionedinAmericanmedia.B)ItsrulerPrinceRainiermarriedanAmericanactress.C)ItiswheremanyAmericanmoviesareshot.D)ItisafavoriteplaceAmericansliketovisit.24. A)Tobacco. B)Potatoes. C)Machinery. D)Clothing25. A)Europeanhistory. C)SmallcountriesinEurope.B)Europeangeography. D)TouristattractionsinEurope.PARTⅢReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionADirections：Inthissection，thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theoceanisheatingup.That'stheconclusionofanewstudythatfindsthatEarth'soceansnow(26)heatattwicetheratetheydid18yearsago.Aroundhalfofoceanheatintakesince1865hastakenplacesince1997,researchersreportonlineinNatureClimateChange.Warmingwatersareknownto(27)tocoralbleaching(珊瑚白化)andtheytakeupmorespacethancoolerwaters,raisingsea(28).Whilethetopoftheoceanisstudied,itsdepthsaremoredifficultto(29)Theresearchersgathered150yearsofoceantemperaturedatainordertogetbetter(30)ofheatabsorptionfromsurfacetoseabed.Theygatheredtogethertemperaturereadingscollectedbyeverythingfroma19thcentury(31)ofBritishnavalshipstomodernautomatedoceanprobes.Theextensivedatasources,(32)withcomputersimulations(計(jì)算機(jī)模擬),createdatimelineofoceantemperaturechanges,includingcoolingfromvolcanicoutbreaksandwarmingfromfossilfuel(33).About35percentoftheheattakeninbytheoceansduringtheindustrialeranowresidentsata(34)ofmorethan700meters,theresearchersfound.Theysaythey're(35)whetherthedeep-seawarmingcanceledoutwarmingatthesea'ssurface.A)absorb B)combined C)contribute D)depth E)emissionF)excursion G)explore H)floor I)heights J)indifferentK)levels L)mixed M)picture N)unsure O)voyageSectionBDirections：Inthissection，youaregongingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2.TheSecrettoRaisingSmartKids[A]Ifirstbegantoinvestigatethebasisofhumanmotivation-andhowpeoplepersevereaftersetbacks-asapsychologygraduatestudentatYaleUniversityinthe1960s.AnimalexperimentsbypsychologistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniahadshownthatafterrepeatedfailures,mostanimalsconcludethatasituationishopelessandbeyondtheircontrol.Aftersuchanexperienceananimaloftenremainspassiveevenwhenitcaneffectchange-astatetheycalledlearnedhelplessness.[B]Peoplecanlearntobehelpless,too.Whydosomestudentsgiveupwhenencounterdifficulty,whereasotherswhoarenomoreskilledcontinuetostriveandlearn?Oneanswer,Isoondiscovered,layinpeople’sbeliefsaboutwhytheyhadfailed.[C]Inparticular,attributingpoorperformancetoalackofabilitydepressesmotivationmorethandoesthebeliefthatlackofeffortistoblame.WhenItoldagroupofschoolchildrenwhodisplayedhelplessbehaviorthatalackofeffortledtotheirmistakesinmath,theylearnedtokeeptryingwhentheproblemsgottough.Anothergroupofhelplesschildrenwhoweresimplyrewardedfortheirsuccessoneasierproblemsdidnotimprovetheirabilitytosolveharmmathproblems.Theseexperimentsindicatedthatafocusoneffortcanhelpresolvehelplessnessandgeneratesuccess.[D]Later,Idevelopedabroadertheoryofwhatseparatesthetwogeneralclassesoflearners-helplessversusmastery-oriented.Irealizedthesedifferenttypesofstudentsnotonlyexplaintheirfailuresdifferently,buttheyalsoholddifferent“theories”ofintelligence.Thehelplessonesbelieveintelligenceisafixedcharacteristic:youhaveonlyacertainamount,andthat'sthat.Icallthisa"fixedmind-set(思維模式)."Mistakescracktheirself-confidencebecausetheyattributeerrorstoalackofability,whichtheyfeelpowerlesstochange.Theyavoidchallengesbecausechallengesmakemistakesmorelikely.Themastery-orientchildren,ontheotherhand,thinkintelligenceisnotfixedandcanbedevelopedthrougheducationandhardwork.Suchchildrenbelievechallengesareenergizingratherthanintimidating(令人生畏);theyofferopportunitiestolearn.Studentswithsuchagrowthmind-setweredestined(注定)forgreatacademicsuccessandwerequitelikelytooutperformtheircounterparts.[E]WevalidatedtheseexpectationsinastudyinwhichtwootherpsychologistsandImonitored373studentfortwoyearsduringthetransitiontojuniorhighschool,whentheworkgetsmoredifficultandthegradingmorestrict,todeterminehowtheirmind-setsmightaffecttheirmathgrades.Atthebeginningofseventhgrade,weassessedthestudents'mind-setsbyaskingthemtoagreeordisagreewithstatementssuchas"Yourintelligenceissomethingverybasicaboutyouthatyoucan'treallychange."Wethenassessedtheirbeliefsaboutotheraspectsoflearningandlookedtoseewhathappenedtotheirgrades.[F]Aspredicted,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasmoreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.Inaddition,theyheldhardworkinhighregard,Theyunderstoodthatevengeniuseshavetoworkhard.Confrontedbyasetbacksuchasadisappointingtestgrade,studentswithagrowthmind-setsaidtheywouldstudyharderortryadifferentstrategy.Thestudentswhoheldafixedmind-set,however,wereconcernedaboutlookingsmartwithlessregardforlearning.Theyhadnegativeviewsofeffort,believingthathavingtoworkhardwasasignoflowability.Theythoughtthatapersonwithtalentorintelligencedidnotneedtoworkhardtodowell.Attributingabadgradetotheirownlackofability,thosewithafixedmind-setsaidthatwouldstudylessinthefuture,trynevertotakethatsubjectagainandconsidercheatingonfuturetests.[G]Suchdifferentoutlookhadadramaticimpactonperformance.Atthestartofjuniorhigh,themathachievementtestscoresofthestudentswithagrowthmind-setwerecomparabletothethoseofstudentswhodisplayedafixedmind-set.Butastheworkbecamemoredifficult,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterpersistence.Asaresult,theirmathgradesovertookthoseoftheotherstudentsbytheendofthefirstsemester-andthegapbetweenthetwogroupscontinuedtowidenduringthetwoyearswefollowedthem.[H]Afixedmind-setcanalsohindercommunicationandprogressintheworkplaceanddiscourageorignoreconstructivecriticismandadvice.Researchshowsthatmanagerswhohaveafixedmind-setarelesslikelytoseekorwelcomefeedbackfromtheiremployeesthanaremanagerswithagrowthmind-set.[I]Howdowetransmitagrowthmind-settoourchildren?Onewayisbytellingstoriesaboutachievementsthatresultfromhardwork.Forinstance,talkingaboutmathematicalgeniusesWhoweremoreorlessbornthatwayputsstudentsinafixedmind-set,butmathematicianswhofellinlovewithmathanddevelopedamazingskillsproduceagrowthmind-set.[J]Inaddition,parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyprovidingexplicitinstructionregardingthemindasalearningmachine,Idesignedaneight-sessionworkshopfor91studentswhosemathgradesweredecliningintheirfirstyearofjuniorhigh.Forty-eightofthestudentsreceivedinstructioninstudyskillsonly,whereastheothersattendedacombinationofstudyskillssessionsandclassesinwhichtheylearnedaboutthegrowthmind-setandhowtoapplyittoschoolwork.Inthegrowthmind-setclasses,studentsreadanddiscussedanarticleentitled“YouCanGrowYourBrain.”Theyweretaughtthatthebrainislikeamusclethatgetsstrongerwithuseandthatlearningpromptsthebraintogrownewconnections.Fromsuchinstruction,manystudentsbegantoseethemselvesasagentsoftheirownbraindevelopment.Despitebeingunawarethatthereweretwotypesofinstruction,teachersreportedsignificantmotivationalchangesin27%ofthechildreninthegrowthmind-setworkshopascomparedwithonly9%ofstudentsinthecontrolgroup.[K]Researchisconverging(匯聚)ontheconclusionthatgreataccomplishmentandevengeniusistypicallytheresultofyearsofpassionanddedicationandnotsomethingthatflowsnaturallyfromagift.36.Theauthor'sexperimentshowsthatstudentswithafixedmind-setbelievehavingtoworkhardisanindicationoflowability.37.Focusingoneffortiseffectiveinhelpingchildrenovercomefrustrationandachievesuccess.38.Wecancultivateagrowthmind-setinchildrenbytellingsuccessstoriesthatemphasizehardworkloveoflearning.39.Students’beliefaboutthecauseoftheirfailureexplainstheirattitudetowardsetbacks.40.Intheauthor’sexperiment,studentwithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterperseveranceinsolvingdifficultmathproblems.41.Theauthorconductedanexperimenttofindoutabouttheinfluenceofstudents’mind-setsonmathlearning.42.Afterfailingagainandagain,mostanimalsgiveuphope.43.Informingstudentsaboutthebrainasalearningmachineisagoodstrategytoenhancetheirmotivationforlearning.44.Peoplewithafixedmind-setbelievethatone’sintelligenceisunchangeable.45.Intheworkplace,feedbackmaynotbesowelcometomanagerswithafixedmind-set.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmakedA），B），C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage."Sugar,alcoholandtobacco,"economistAdamSmithoncewrote,"arecommoditieswhicharenowherenecessariesoflife,whichhavebecomeobjectsofalmostuniversalconsumption,andwhichare,therefore,extremelypopularsubjectsoftaxation."Twoandahalfcenturieson,mostcountriesimposesomesortoftaxonalcoholandtobacco.Withsurgingobesitylevelsputtingincreasingstrainonpublichealthsystems,governmentsaroundtheworldhavebeguntotoywiththeideaoftaxingsugaraswell.Whethersuchtaxesworkisamatterofdebate.ApreliminaryreviewofMexico'staxationfoundafallinpurchasesoftaxeddrinksaswellasariseinsalesifuntaxedandhealthierdrinks.Bycontrast,aDanishtaxonfoodshighinfatswasabandonedayearafteritsintroduction,amidclaimsthatconsumerswereavoidingitbycrossingthebordertoGermanytosatisfytheirdesireforcheaper,fattierfare.Thefoodindustryhas,ingeneral,beenfirmlyopposedtosuchdirectgovernmentaction.Nonetheless,therenewedfocusonwaistlinesmeansthatindustrygroupsareunderpressuretodemonstratetheirproductsarehealthyaswellastasty.Overthepastthreedecades,theindustryhasmadesomeeffortstoimprovethequalityofitsofferings.Forexample,somedrinkmanufactureshavecuttheamountofsugarintheirbeverages.Manyofthereductionsoverthepast30yearshavebeenachievedeitherbyreducingtheamountofsugar,saltorfatinaproduct,orbyfindinganalternativeingredient.Morerecently,however.Somecompanieshavebeeninvestingmoneyinamoreambitiousundertaking:learninghowtoadjustthefundamentalmake-upofthefoodtheysell.Forexample,havingsaltontheoutside,butnoneontheinside,reducesthesaltcontentwithoutchangingthetaste.Whilereformulatingrecipes(配方)isonewaytoimprovepublichealth,itshouldbepartofamulti-sidedapproach.Thekeyistorememberthatthereisnotjustonesolution.Todealwithobesity,amixtureofapproaches-includingreformulation,taxationandadjustingportionsizes-willbeneeded.Thereisnosilverbullet.46.WhatdidAdamSmithsayaboutsugar,alcoholandtobacco?A)Theywereprofitabletomanufacture.B)Theywereinever-increasingdemand.C)Theyweresubjecttotaxationalmosteverywhere. D)Theywerenolongerconsiderednecessitiesoflife.47.Whyhavemanycountriesstartedtoconsidertaxingsugar?A)Theyareundergrowingpressurestobalancetheirnationalbudgets.B)Theyfinditeverhardertocopewithsugar-inducedhealthproblems.C)Theypracticeoftaxingalcoholandtobaccohasprovedbothpopularandprofitable.D)Thesugarindustryisovertakingalcoholandtobaccobusinessingeneratingprofits.48.WhatdowelearnaboutDanishtaxationonfat-richfoods?A)Itdidnotworkoutaswellaswasexpected.B)Itgaverisetoalotofproblemsontheborder.C)ItcouldnotsucceedwithoutGermancooperation.D)Itmetwithfirmoppositionfromthefoodindustry.49.Whatisthemorerecenteffortbyfoodcompaniestomakefoodsanddrinksbothhealthyandtasty?A)Replacingsugarorsaltwithalternativeingredients.B)Settingalimitontheamountofsugarorsaltintheirproducts.C)Investinginresearchtofindwaystoadapttoconsumers'needs.D)Adjustingthephysicalcompositionoftheirproducts.50.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying,attheendofthepassage,"Thereisnosilverbullet"(Line4,Para7)?A)Thereisnosingleeasyquicksolutiontotheproblem.B)Thereisnohopeofsuccesswithoutpubliccooperation.C)Thereisonhurryinfindingwaystosolvetheobesityproblem.D)Thereisnoeffectivewaytoreducepeople'ssugarconsumption.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Youmayhaveheardsomeofthefashionindustryhorrorstories:modelseatingtissuesorcottonballstoholdoffhunger,andmodelscollapsingfromhunger-inducedheartattacksjustsecondsaftertheystepofftherunway.Excessivelyskinnymodelshavebeenapointofcontroversyfordecades,andtworesearcherssayamodel'sbodymassshouldbeaworkspacehealthandsafetyissue.InaneditorialreleasedMondayintheAmericanJournalofPublicHealth,KatherineRecordandBrynAustinmadetheircaseforgovernmentregulationofthefashionindustry.Theaverageinternationalrunwaymodelhasabodymassindex(BMI)under16-lowenoughtoindicatestarvationbytheWorldHealthOrganization'sstandard.AndRecordandAustinareworriednotjustaboutthemodelsthemselves,butaboutthevastnumberofgirlsandwomentheirimagesinfluence."Especiallygirlsandtens",saysRecord."Seventypercentofgirlsaged10to18reportthattheydefineperfectbodyimagebasedonwhattheyseeinmagazines."That'sespeciallyworrying,shesays,giventhatanorexia(厭食癥)resultsinmoredeathsthandoesanyothermentalillness,accordingtotheNationalInstituteofMentalHealth.It'scommonlyknownthatcertaindiseasesarelinkedwithoccupationslikelungdiseaseincoalminers.Professionalfashionmodelsareparticularlyvulnerabletoeatingdisordersresultingfromoccupationaldemandstomaintainextremethinness.Record'ssuggestionistoprohibitagentsfromhiringmodelswithaBMIbelow18.InApril,Francepassedalawsettinglowerlimitsforamodel'sweight.AgentsandfashionhouseswhohiremodelswithBMIunder18couldpay$82,000infinesandspendupto6monthsinjail.RegulatingthefashionindustryintheUnitedStateswon'tbeeasy,Recordsays.ButwiththenewrulesinFrance,U.S.supportcouldmakeadifference."Adesignercan'tsurvivewithoutparticipatinginParisFashionWeek",shesays,adding,"OurargumentisthatthesamewouldbetrueofNewYorkFashionWeek."51.WhatdoRecordandAustinsayaboutfashionmodels'bodymass?A)Ithascausedneedlesscontroversy.B)Itisfocusofthemodelingbusiness.C)Itisbutamatterofpersonaltaste.D)Itaffectsmodels'healthandsafety.52.WhatareRecordandAustinadvocatingintheMondayeditorial?A)Achangeinthepublic'sviewoffemalebeauty.B)Governmentlegislationaboutmodels'weight.C)Eliminationofforcedweightlossbymodels.D)Prohibitionofmodelseatingnon-foodstuff.53.WhyareRecordandAustinworriedaboutthelowbodymassindexofmodels?A)Itcontributestomanymentalillnesses.B)Itdefinesthefutureofthefashionindustry.C)Ithasgreatinfluenceonnumerousgirlsandwomen.D)Itkeepsmanyotherwisequalifiedwomenofftherunaway.54.WhatdowelearnaboutFrance'sfashionindustry?A)Ithasdifficultyhiringmodels.B)Ithasnowanewlawtofollow.C)Itallowsgirlsunder18ontherunway.D)IthasovertakenthatoftheUnitedStates.55.WhatdoesRecordexpectofNewYorkFashionWeek?A)Itwillcreateacompletelynewsetofrules.B)ItwilldobetterthanParisFashionWeek.C)ItwilldifferfromParisFashionWeek.D)ItwillhavemodelswithahigherBMI.PartIVTranslation（30minutes）Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在中國文化中，黃顏色是一種很重要的顏色，因?yàn)樗哂歇?dú)特的象征意義。在封建(feudal)社會(huì)中，它象征統(tǒng)治者的權(quán)力和權(quán)威。那時(shí)，黃色是專為皇帝使用的顏色，皇家宮殿全都漆成黃色，皇袍總是黃色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黃色衣服的。在中國，黃色也是收獲的象征。秋天莊稼成熟時(shí)，田野變得一片金黃。人們興高采烈，慶祝豐收。答案解析PartIWriting（30minutes）GoingtoGraduateSchoolUpongraduation，virtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofthecareerchoice，whichistrulyatoughchoice.Students’opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotakeajob，butotherstaketheattitudethatgoingtoagraduateschoolisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheirfuturecareerchoices.Astomyself，Ipreferthelatterview.Ahighereducationalbackgroundexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeople，withnoexceptiontome.Thisphenomenonthatthegraduateshavedifficultiesinfindingjobaftertheirgraduationcaneasilybefoundanywhereinourdailylife，especiallyoncampus.Ontheonehand，withtheimprovedhigheducationofChinesecollegestudentswhichdirectlybroughttheresultthattherearemoreandmoregraduateseveryyear.Onthecontrary，jobvacanciesdon’tincreasethatfast.Morepeople，lessfood，whichistheexactdescriptionofthehardcondition.Ontheotherhand，moreandmorepeoplegoontopursuetheirmasteranddoctordegree；moreandmoreChineseoverseastudentscomebacktoChinatohuntbetterworkingchances。Itissurethatthecompetitionismoreandmorefierce.Therefore，itishightimethatwetookeffectivemeasurestoimproveourowncompetitiveness.Thatisthesecretofsuccessinthefutureemploymentmarketafterourgraduation.PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes）1-5BDCDC6-10ADBCA11-15BABCA16-20DACAC21-25BDBDCSectionPassageOneNewYorkStateplanstoshutoffthethunderingwatersofNiagaraFalls-again.Atleast,theAmericansideofthefalls.This"onceinalifetime"eventactuallymaytakeplacetwiceinsomefolks’lives.(1)TheNewYorkStateparkssystemwantstoturnoffthefallsontheAmericansidesometimeinthenexttwotothreeyearstoreplacetwo115-year-oldstonebridgesthatallowpedestrians,parkvehiclesandutilitiesaccesstoGoatIsland.TheAmericansideofthefallswereshutoffin1969tostudythebuildupofrockatthebaseofthefalls.Whenthathappened,peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseethefallsturnedoff.Peoplearecuriousbynature.Theywanttoseewhat'sunderneath.Infact,thosewhofirstcametohavealookdidseesomething.(2)Theyfoundmillionsofcoinsonthebottom.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyou·havejustheardWhydoesNewYorkStatewanttoturnoffNiagaraFalls?WhatdidpeoplefindwhenNiagaraFallswere·shutoffin1969?·PassageTwoTheTunisiangovernmentsaidMondaythat45peoplehavebeenkilledaftergunmenattackedatownneartheborderwithLibya.TheInteriorandDefenseministriessaidthat(3)theTunisiangovernmenthascloseditstwobordercrossingswithLibyabecauseoftheattack.TheTunisianmilitaryhassentreinforcementsandhelicopterstothearea,andauthoritieshavebeenhuntingseveralattackerswhowerestillatlarge.TheviolencecameamidincreasinginternationalconcernaboutIslamicStateextremistsinLibya.OfficialsoftheTunisiangovernmentareespeciallyworriedafterdozensoftouristswerekilledintheattacksinTunisialastyear.DefenseMinisterFarhatHorchanisaidlastweekthat(4)GermanandAmericansecurityexpertswereexpectedtocometohelpTunisiadeviseanewelectronicvideosupervisionsystemonitsborderwithLibya.Tunisiawastargetedlastyearbythreeattacksthatleft70peopledeadandwereclaimedbyIslamicStateQuestions·3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard，3.WhatdidtheTunisian