高中英語(yǔ)Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅠWarmingUpReading-Comprehending學(xué)案新人教版必修

Unit4Earthquakes1976年7月28日，，這是20世紀(jì)死傷率最大的地震之一。1976TangshanEarthquakeAt3：42am,anearthquakemeasuringbetween7.8and8.2magnitudeontheRichterscaleflattenedTangshan,aChineseindustrialcitywithapopulationofaboutonemillion.Asalmosteveryonewasasleepintheirbeds,insteadofoutsideintherelativelysafestreets,thequakewasespeciallycostlyintermsofhumanlife.It’sestimatedthatabout242，000peopleinTangshanandsurroundingareaswerekilled,makingtheearthquakeoneofthedeadliestinrecordedhistory.Inthedaysbeforetheearthquake,well-waterlevelsroseandfell.Ratswereseenrunninginpanicked(恐慌的)packsinbroaddaylight.Chickensrefusedtoeat.DuringtheeveningofJuly27andtheearlymorninghoursofJuly28,peoplereportedflashesofcoloredlightandroaring(轟鳴的)fireballs.At3：42am,mostpeopleweresleepingquietlywhentheearthquakestruck.Itlastedfor14－16secondsandleveled90percentofTangshan’sbuildings.Atleastaquarter-of-a-millionpeoplewerekilledand160，000wereinjured.Theearthquakecameduringtheheatofmidsummer,andmanyfrightenedsurvivorsclimbedoutoftheirruinedhousesnaked,coveredonlyindustandblood.TheearthquakestartedfiresandlitexplosiveandpoisonousgasesinTangshan’sfactories.Waterandelectricitywerecutoffandrailsandroadsaccessibletothecityweredestroyed.TheChinesegovernmentwasill-preparedforadisasterofthisscaleatthattime.Thedayfollowingthequake,helicoptersandplanesbegandroppingfoodandmedicineintothecity.About100，000soldiersoftheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmywereorderedtoTangshan,andmanyhadtomarchonfootfromJinzhou,adistanceofmorethan180miles.About30，000medicalpersonnelwerecalledin,alongwith30，000constructionworkers.Inthedecisivefirstweekafterthedisaster,manypeoplediedfromlackofmedicalcare.Tangshanwaseventuallyrebuiltwithsufficientearthquakeprecautions.SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Comprehending重點(diǎn)單詞寫(xiě)作詞匯1.earthquaken． 地震2.burstvi. 爆裂；爆發(fā)n. 突然破裂；爆發(fā)3.millionn. 百萬(wàn)4.eventn. 事件；大事5.ruinn. 廢墟；毀滅vt. 毀滅；使破產(chǎn)6.destroyvt. 破壞；毀壞；消滅7.rescuen．&vt. 援救；營(yíng)救8.trapvt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境9.disastern. 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍10.buryvt. 埋葬；掩埋；隱藏11.sheltern. 掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處12.electricityn. 電；電流；電學(xué)拓展詞匯13.nationn．民族；國(guó)家；國(guó)民→nationaladj.國(guó)家的；全國(guó)性的14.sufferingn．苦難；痛苦→sufferv．遭受15.extremeadj.極度的→extremelyadv.極端地；很；非常地16.injurevt.損害；傷害→injuryn．傷害17.uselessadj.無(wú)用的；無(wú)效的；無(wú)益的→usefuladj.有用的→usen．用途v．使用18.shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)n．休克；打擊；震驚→shockedadj.震驚的；震撼的→shockingadj.令人震驚的19.dirtn．污垢；泥土→dirtyadj.臟的，骯臟的20.minen．礦；礦山；礦井→minern．礦工閱讀詞匯21.welln． 井22.crackn. 裂縫；噼啪聲vt.&vi. (使)開(kāi)裂；破裂23.smellyadj. 發(fā)臭的，有臭味的24.farmyardn. 農(nóng)場(chǎng)；農(nóng)家25.pipen. 管；導(dǎo)管26.canaln． 運(yùn)河；水道27.steamn. 蒸汽；水汽28.brickn. 磚；磚塊29.damn. 水壩；堰堤30.trackn. 軌道；足跡；痕跡重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.rightaway 立刻；馬上2.asif仿佛；好像3.atanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)4.inruins 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪5.digout掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)6.a(great)numberof 許多；大量的重點(diǎn)句型1.too＋adj.＋to...由于太……而不……Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat(由于太緊張而不吃東西).2.Itseems/seemedasif...看起來(lái)似乎……Itseemedasif(看起來(lái)似乎)theworldwasatanend！3.everywhere引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Everywheretheylooked(無(wú)論他們朝哪里看)nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.4.not與all連用表示部分否定Allhopewasnotlost(不是所有的希望都破滅了).eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)Fast-readingSkimthetextandchoosethebestanswer.1．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．AterribleearthquakeofTangshan.B．BeforetheearthquakeofTangshan.C．DuringtheearthquakeofTangshan.D．DamagesoftheearthquakeofTangshan.答案：A2．Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.A．TheearthquakecausedunbelievabledestructiontoTangshan.Para.2 B．TheearthquakehappenedandcauseddeathsorinjuriesinTangshan.Para.3C．Helpcamesoonafterthequakes.Para.4 D．Noonepaidattentionthoughstrangethingshappened.答案：DBACeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)Careful-readingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat________．A．peopledidn’tthinktoomuchoftheearthquakeB．peopleweremadetolosetheirsensebythesuddenbigearthquakeC．peopledidn’trealizethataterribleearthquakehappenedinsuchashorttimeD．peopledidn’tthinkanearthquakecouldbringsuchgreatdamage2．Thetitle“ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEP”means________．A．theearthwasawakeallnightlongB．a(chǎn)terribleearthquakehappenedthatnightC．peopleontheearthcouldn’tfallasleepthatnightD．a(chǎn)nimalsontheearthcouldn’tfallasleepthatnight3．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethefeelingsofthewriter?A．Pitifulandhopeless.B．Sorrowfulandhopeful.C．Hopefulandshocked.D．Mercifulanddelighted.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingsentencesinthetextthatmaybedifficulttounderstand.1．Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.eq\a\vs4\al()[翻譯]老鼠從田地里跑出來(lái)找地方躲藏。2．Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.eq\a\vs4\al()[翻譯]但是，唐山市的100萬(wàn)居民幾乎都沒(méi)有把這些情況當(dāng)回事，當(dāng)天晚上照常睡著了。3．Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.eq\a\vs4\al()[翻譯]人們開(kāi)始疑惑，這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難還會(huì)持續(xù)多久。4．Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.eq\a\vs4\al()[翻譯]部隊(duì)組織小分隊(duì)將受困的人們挖出來(lái)，將死者掩埋。①well[wel]n.井②rise[ra?z]vi.上升；增加(不及物動(dòng)詞，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))③crack[kr?k]n.裂縫；噼啪聲vt.&vi.(使)開(kāi)裂；破裂④smelly['smel?]adj.發(fā)臭的；有臭味的⑤farmyard['fɑ?mjɑ?d]n.農(nóng)場(chǎng)；農(nóng)家⑥pipe[pa?p]n.管；導(dǎo)管⑦burst[b??st]vi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆發(fā)n．突然破裂；爆發(fā)⑧million['m?lj?n]n.百萬(wàn)⑨t(yī)hinklittleof認(rèn)為……沒(méi)什么了不起，對(duì)……滿(mǎn)不在乎⑩event[?'vent]n.事件；大事?asif仿佛；好像?atanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)?directlyadv.正好，恰好?nation['ne??n]n.民族；國(guó)家；國(guó)民?cutacross橫穿；抄近路穿越?canal[k?'n?l]n.運(yùn)河；水道?steam[sti?m]n.蒸汽；水汽?dirt[d??t]n.污垢；泥土?ruin['ru??n]n.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪?suffering['s?f?r??]n.苦難；痛苦extreme[?k'stri?m]adj.極度的two-thirds三分之二當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)的分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。injure['?nd??]vt.損害；傷害thenumberof...……的數(shù)量anumberof很多，許多，大量survivor[s?'va?v?]n.幸存者；生還者；殘存物destroy[d?'str??]vt.破壞；毀壞；消滅destruction[dI'str?k??n]n.破壞；毀滅goneadj.不復(fù)存在；用完了；走了brick[br?k]n.磚；磚塊cover['k?v?(r)]vt.覆蓋；報(bào)道；行走(一段路程)dam[d?m]n.水壩；堰堤track[tr?k]n.軌道；足跡；痕跡useless['ju?sl?s]adj.無(wú)用的；無(wú)效的；無(wú)益的tensofthousandsof數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的shockedadj.驚愕的，受震驚的shock[??k]vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)n．休克；打擊；震驚quake[kwe?k]n.地震rescue['reskju?]n.&vi.援救；營(yíng)救trap[tr?p]vt.使陷入困境n．陷阱；困境betrappedin被困在……中electricity[??lek'tr?s?t?]n.電；電流；電學(xué)wonder['w?nd?(r)]v.琢磨；想知道n．奇觀；驚奇disaster[d?'zɑ?st?]n.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍digout掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)bury['ber?]vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏tothenorthof...相當(dāng)于northof...，意為“位于……以北”。miner['ma?n?]n.礦工berescuedfrom...被從……中解救出mine[ma?n]n.礦；礦山；礦井shelter['?elt?]n.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處【核心素養(yǎng)鏈接·文化采風(fēng)】地震是造成人員死亡最多的自然災(zāi)害。全球每年發(fā)生約500萬(wàn)次地震，有感地震占1%。在有感地震中，僅100次左右造成災(zāi)害，而且全球85%的地震發(fā)生在海洋中，15%發(fā)生在大陸上。全球地震主要分布在環(huán)太平洋地震帶和歐亞地震帶，集中了80%的7級(jí)以上地震。中國(guó)、日本、伊朗、土耳其、美國(guó)、印尼等國(guó)都是地震災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家。ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEPStrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewells①rose②andfell，roseandfell.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracks③inthem.Asmelly④gascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards⑤ceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.Atabout3：00amonJuly28，1976,somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.ThesoundofplanescouldbeheardoutsidethecityofTangshanevenwhennoplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipes⑥insomebuildingscrackedandburst⑦.Buttheonemillion⑧peopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleof⑨t(yī)heseevents⑩，wereasleepasusualthatnight.◆現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)lookingforplacestohide作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。◆when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，even用在when前起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用?！魒ho在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theonemillionpeopleofthecity。At3：42ameverythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasif?theworldwasatanend?！Elevenkilometresdirectly?belowthecityoneofthegreatestearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometresaway.One-thirdofthenation?feltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacross?houses,roadsandcanals?.Steam?burstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt?.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins?.Thesuffering?ofthepeoplewasextreme.Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400，000.◆which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為Beijing。◆that在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為Ahugecrack,that在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。Buthowcouldthesurvivorsbelieveitwasnatural?Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.Allofthecity’shospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Nowind，however，couldblowthemaway.Twodamsherailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofsteel.Tensofthousandsofcowswouldnevergivemilkagain.Halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked.Then，laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.Morebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.◆Everywhere在此用作連詞，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)Wherever。◆Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget為“主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋adj.＋動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中Water,food,andelectricity是get的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式toget用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。Allhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantohelptherescueworkers.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Tothenorthofthecity,mostofthe10，000minerswererescuedfromthecoalminesthere.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.◆All...not...相當(dāng)于Notall...，表示部分否定，意為“并非所有的……都……”?！魒ho在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為those。當(dāng)先行詞those指人時(shí)，只用who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，不用that?！絷P(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，whose在從句中作homes的定語(yǔ)。其中whosehomes可換成ofwhomthehomes。地球的一個(gè)不眠之夜河北省東北部的農(nóng)村不斷有怪事發(fā)生。三天來(lái)，村子里的井水升升降降、起起伏伏。農(nóng)民們注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂縫，裂縫里冒出臭氣。農(nóng)家大院里的雞，甚至豬由于太緊張而不吃東西。老鼠從田地里跑出來(lái)找地方躲藏。魚(yú)缸和池塘里的魚(yú)往外跳。1976年7月28日凌晨3點(diǎn)左右，有人看到空中出現(xiàn)一道道亮光。即使空中沒(méi)有飛機(jī)，在唐山市外也可以聽(tīng)到飛機(jī)的聲音。在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管出現(xiàn)裂縫并爆裂開(kāi)來(lái)。但是，唐山市的100萬(wàn)居民幾乎都沒(méi)有把這些情況當(dāng)回事，當(dāng)天晚上照常睡著了。凌晨3點(diǎn)42分，一切都開(kāi)始搖晃起來(lái)。仿佛到了世界末日！20世紀(jì)最大的地震之一就在唐山市正下方11千米處爆發(fā)了。在200多千米以外的北京也感覺(jué)到了震動(dòng)，全國(guó)三分之一的地方都有震感。一條8千米長(zhǎng)、30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房屋、道路和水道。蒸汽從地上的洞里冒了出來(lái)。堅(jiān)硬的巖石山變成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就成了廢墟。人們?cè)馐芰藰O大的苦難。三分之二的人在地震中喪生或受傷。成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。死亡和重傷人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬(wàn)。然而，幸存者又怎么能相信這是自然的呢？人們無(wú)論朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。市內(nèi)所有的醫(yī)院、75%的工廠(chǎng)和建筑以及90%的住宅都不復(fù)存在了。磚塊就像秋天的紅葉一樣覆蓋著大地，不過(guò)風(fēng)沒(méi)法刮走它們。兩座水壩垮了，大多數(shù)橋梁不是塌了，就是無(wú)法安全通行了。鐵軌如今變成了一塊塊廢鋼。數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的奶牛再也不能產(chǎn)奶了，50萬(wàn)頭豬和幾百萬(wàn)只雞全都死了。井里滿(mǎn)是沙子，而不是水。人們驚呆了。接著，那天下午晚些時(shí)候，強(qiáng)度幾乎和第一次地震一樣的又一次大地震在唐山爆發(fā)了。一些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在廢墟下面。更多的建筑倒塌了。水、食物和電都很難獲得。人們開(kāi)始疑惑，這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難還會(huì)持續(xù)多久。不是所有的希望都破滅了。地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊(duì)派了15萬(wàn)名戰(zhàn)士到唐山協(xié)助救援工作。數(shù)十萬(wàn)的人得到了救助。部隊(duì)組織小分隊(duì)將受困的人們挖出來(lái)，將死者掩埋。在唐山市以北的地區(qū)，1萬(wàn)名礦工中的大部分被從煤礦中救了出來(lái)。救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者建了避難所?；疖?chē)、卡車(chē)和飛機(jī)給這座城市運(yùn)來(lái)了淡水。慢慢地，這座城市又開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)了生機(jī)。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解AThetroublestartedat9：30pmlastNewYear’sEve,inNewmark.Whenthefireengines(消防車(chē))arrivedatthefire,averyoldwomanwassittinginathirdfloorwindow.Thefirefightersplacedaladder(梯子)againstthewoodenhouse,and26－year－oldMarcusReddickclimbed35feettothethirdfloor.Thewoman,60yearsoldandveryfat,wassittingwithbothfeetoutofthewindow.WhenMarcusreachedthetopoftheladder,thewoman,afraidandnervous,puthertwolegsaroundhim.SuddenlyMarcusfellbackwardsofftheladder,withthelargewomansittingonhim.Marcuslandedfirst—hittingawallbesidethefrontstairs—andbrokethewoman’sfall.Shefellnomore,buthefellanothertenfeetdownthestairs.Whenthefireofficerreachedhim,Marcuswasunconscious．Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead,andwouldonlygetworse.Doctorstalkedofturningoffthelife－savingmachineandaskedifthefamilywouldliketogiveawayhisheart.Theanswerwas“yes”．OnJanuary6,firefightersliftedMarcus’coffin(棺材)—coveredwithanAmericanflag—ontoayellowfireengine.Hundredsoffirefightersfromalloverthestatejoinedtheprocession(行列)throughNewmarkstreets.Childrenwatchedsilentlyfromschoolwindows.ThedayMarcusdied,hisheartwasgivenawaytoayounggirl.HisfamilysaidthatitwasthesecondlifeMarcushadsaved.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位消防員在救人的過(guò)程中不幸犧牲的故事。1．WhathappenedlastNewYear’sEveinNewmark?A．Anoldwomanwaskilled.B．Afireenginewasmissing.C．Afirefighterwasmurdered.D．Awoodenhousecaughtfire.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的thefireengines(消防車(chē))arrivedatthefire和Thefirefightersplacedaladder(梯子)againstthewoodenhouse可知，一座木制房屋著火了，故選D項(xiàng)。2．Afterreachingthetopoftheladder,Marcus________．A．wasveryafraidandnervousB．couldn’tseeanythingclearlyC．founditdifficulttogetdownD．wasknockedoffandgothurtD解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的Marcusfellbackwardsofftheladder和第三段中的adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead可知，Marcus從梯子上摔下來(lái)后受了重傷，故選D項(xiàng)。3．Theunderlinedword“unconscious”inParagraph2means“________”．A．homeless B．senselessC．breathless D．helplessB解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段中的Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead可知，Marcus當(dāng)時(shí)失去了意識(shí)，故選B項(xiàng)。4．WecaninferfromtheendofthetextthatMarcus’familymightfeel________．A．sadbutproudB．shybutexcitedC．a(chǎn)ngryanddoubtfulD．worriedandsurprisedA解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段中的ThedayMarcusdied,hisheartwasgivenawaytoayounggirl.HisfamilysaidthatitwasthesecondlifeMarcushadsaved.可推知，Marcus的家人對(duì)他的離世感到很傷心，不過(guò)對(duì)于將他的心臟捐贈(zèng)給一個(gè)女孩這件事感到很自豪，故選A項(xiàng)。BAseriesofsmallearthquakeshaveshakencentralNebraskaandbecomethetalkofthearea.Accordingtotheinformationonawebsite,therehavebeenseveralquakessincethe9ththismonthintheheartofthestate,centeredonthetownArnold,-magnitude(震級(jí))quake,happenedearlythatmorning,followedbythreeonthefollowingday,anotheronSunday,andthenthemostrecentearthquakeonMonday.Thestrongestquakewasthefirstonethatstruckonthe10th,whichreachedamagnitudeof3.7.Theearthquakeswerefoundaboutthreemilesbelowthesurface.Therehaven’tbeenanyreportsofhumaninjuryordamageofbuildingscausedbythequakes,accordingtoKWBE,aradiostation.“Itisjustkindofstrange，”BeckyDailey,treasureroftheArnoldChamberofCommerce,toldthatstation,addingthatpeoplearoundtownarerunningaroundandtalkingaboutthefrequentquakes.Actuallysmallquakeslikethesearenotunusual.JusttwominutesbeforeNebraska’smostrecentearthquake,-magnitudeearthquakehitanareanearAguanga,inSouthernCalifornia’sRiversideCounty.ThereweretwomorethatdayindifferentareasofPuertoRico:a2.9-magnitudequakeanda3.1-magnitudequake.Thosewereallsmall,butstrongerquakesregularlyrocktheworld—justnotsooften.Earthquakesareusuallycausedwhenrockundergroundsuddenlybreaks.Thissuddenreleaseofenergycausesthewavesthatmakethegroundshake.Twoblocksofrockortwoplatesarerubbing(摩擦)againsteachother.Afterawhile,therocksbreakbecauseofallthepressurethatisbuiltup.Whentherocksbreak,theearthquakehappens.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。在美國(guó)的內(nèi)布拉斯加州一連發(fā)生了六次小地震，本文介紹了這些地震的相關(guān)情況。5．WhatdoweknowaboutthequakesinNebraska?A．Thereweresixquakesinall.B．Theyallhappenedwithin24hours.C．TheywerecenteredonthecapitalLincoln.D．Thebiggestonereachedamagnitudeof4.0.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thefirst,-magnitude(震級(jí))quake,happenedearlythatmorning,followedbythreeonthefollowingday,anotheronSunday,andthenthemostrecentearthquakeonMonday.”可知，一共爆發(fā)了六次小地震。6．AccordingtoKWBE,thequakesinNebraskamostprobably________．A．causedmanybuildingstofallB．causeddamagetothecropsC．werenotfeltbythelocalsD．werenotdangerousD解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Therehaven’tbeenanyreportsofhumaninjuryordamageofbuildingscausedbythequakes,accordingtoKWBE”可知，這些小地震都不危險(xiǎn)。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Thatnohumangotinjuredinthequakes.B．Thatquakeshappenedtheresofrequently.C．Thatanearthquaketookplaceinthestate.D．Thatpeoplekepttalkingaboutthequakes.B解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞后面的“...addingthatpeoplearoundtownarerunningaroundandtalkingaboutthefrequentquakes.”可知，“It”指的是頻繁發(fā)生地震的現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象在BeckyDailey看來(lái)是很奇怪的。8．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthequakesinParagraph2?A．Somanyquakeshappenedonthe9th.B．Smallquakescanbeeasiertofindnow.C．Nobigearthquakeshappenedthesedays.D．Smallquakesareactuallyverycommon.D解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段的“Actuallysmallquakeslikethesearenotunusual.”可知，后面提到那些小地震都是為了證明這一點(diǎn)。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)完形填空WhenIwaslittle,mymomreadmeabedtimestoryalmosteverynight.However,onenight,mymomfoundshehad__1__toreadtome,soshe__2__acopyofCharlieBrown’s’Cyclopedia.Shestartedtoreadthequestionsandanswersinthebook.Thebook__3__theknowledgefromthehumanbodytothespaceinawayevena5-year-oldchildcould__4__.Fromthenon,Icouldn’t__5__toreadthenextvolume(冊(cè))．AsIgrewolder,Ireadmore__6__ofthiskind.Ireadthemnotbecausetheywereas__7__asstories,butbecausetheyofferedmuchknowledgeIhadnever__8__before.Inhighschool,Iwasinterestedinbiology,physicsandmath__9__politicsorcomputerscience.Moststudentslikedtravellingorplayingoutsideafter__10__.Formyself,Iwasstillimmersedin(沉浸于)the__11__ofscience.Iwas__12__tohaveanexcellentbiologyteacherthroughhighschool,whosawmy__13__inbiology,andtoldmethatgoodstudentslikemeendedupdoingsomethingcalled“research”.SoI__14__tookbiotechnology(生物技術(shù))incollege.Iworkedhardinaresearchlab,which__15__mealotinmycareer.__16__Igraduatedfromcollege,Iwantedto__17__afamousresearchinstitute.Luckily,Iwas__18__.Iamalwaysthinkingthatifmymomhadnotreadthesciencebooktomethatnight,