初中階段名詞知識點(diǎn)匯總及練習(xí)題

名詞的學(xué)習(xí)名詞的概述：名詞是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念的名詞的詞?？梢哉f名詞是萬物之名詞。名詞的分類：名詞專有名詞：表示具體的人、事物地點(diǎn)或機(jī)構(gòu)的專有名稱，如theGreatWall，Tom，America，thePeople’sRepublicofChina.普通名詞個體名詞：表示個體的人或事物的名詞，如apple、ship集體名詞：表示一群人或一些事物的名詞，如family、class、people、team等。物質(zhì)名詞：表示無法分為個體實(shí)物的名詞，如ink、tea、fire、water、rain、air、bread等。抽象名詞：表示抽象概念的名詞，如表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)或其它的抽象概念的名詞，如happiness、friendship、heath、leadership等。注：巧記不可數(shù)名詞的歌訣：金木水火土，肉食面茶布。gold、wood、water、fire、soil，meat、flour、food、tea、cloth例：1、Therearetwokindsof（bread）intheshop.2、Therearemanydifferentkindsof（fish）inthelake.考點(diǎn)1：名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞并非絕對，如上述例題中物質(zhì)名詞在表示不同種類/類別的該物質(zhì)時也可用作可數(shù)名詞，可以有復(fù)數(shù)形式。三：名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則：①．規(guī)則變化一般情況：在詞尾加-s，如book-books、car-cars以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾：在詞尾加-es，如box-boxes、watch-watches以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾：把y變i加-es，如city-cities以f或fe結(jié)尾：把f或fe變?yōu)関后加-es，如knife-knives輔音字母加o結(jié)尾有生命：在詞尾加-es，如potato-potatoes無生命：在詞尾加-s，如piano-pianos注：a.巧記常見的以輔音字母加0結(jié)尾的名詞加-es變復(fù)數(shù)的三個單詞：英雄（hero）愛吃土豆（potato）和西紅柿（tomato）。b.巧記以-f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的歌訣：樹葉半數(shù)自己黃，妻子拿刀上山岡，架后竄出一只狼，好像盜賊逃命忙。leaf，half，self；wife，knife；shelf，wolf；thief，life例：——“Whatdoweneedforthesalad？”——“Weneedtwoapplesandthree？”orangeB.tomatoesC.broccoli考點(diǎn)2：可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的考查。表示幾個人共有時，只在最后一個名詞的末尾加’s或’；如果是表示分別擁有，則在每個名詞后都加’s或’。如ThiswomanisTomandJack’smother.ThesebikesareTom’sandJack’s.用of短語表示①對于無生命的東西，一般用of短語表示所有關(guān)系，如thelegsofthechair、thecoverofthebook②有生命的名詞較長或名詞有較長的定語時，常用of短語表示所有關(guān)系，如thestoryofDr.Smith、thebagofthewomanwithababyinherarms例1：——Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool？——It’sabouttwentywalk.minute’sB.minutes’C.minutes例2：——JennyandJane’scomingtomyoffice.Canyouhelptofindthegirls？——Noproblem.Theywillbehere.mothersare;inamomentB.motheris;atthemomentC.mothersare;rightawayD.motheris;inamoment考點(diǎn)5：名詞所有格和短語時態(tài)的考查。名詞的用法1.主語：Theboyopenedthedoor.Theradiosaysthatitmaystopraininglater.表語：Class3isthewinner!ThomasEdisonwasagreatinventor.賓語：I’mtryingtodrawahorse.Itoldhimastory.定語：Wearediscussingthepopulationproblem.Thereisagirlstudentintheclassroom.AllthewomenteachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.狀語：Hesatherealongtime.賓語補(bǔ)足語：HenamedherJenny.Weelectedhimmonitor.與介詞連用：akindof...稱呼語：Whatareyoudoing,Jim?名詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（歷屆中考題）1.—Whydoyougetupsoearlyinthemorning,Tracy？—Igenerallymakeita_______tobeupby7toreadEnglish.A.planB.wishC.secretD.rule2.—Dothedishes,Mike,orIwilltellmum!—Mindyourown_______,Sue!A.actionB.dutyC.businessD.way3.Theletterfrommyunclewasshort.Therewasn't_______news.A.manyB.afewC.muchD.few4.--Whydidn’tyoutakeataxibacklastnight?--BecauseIdidn’thaveany_________withme.A.foodB.bicycleC.friendD.money5.Johnalwayssaysthathelikesapplesofallthe______.A.vegetablesB.fruitsC.drinks6.---Youlookworried.What’syour___?---IhavetroublelearningEnglish.A.nameB.questionC.problemD.job7.--Oh,myGod!Wehavemissedthelastbus.Whatshallwedo?--I’mafraidwehaveno______buttotakeataxi.A.choiceB.decisionC.reasonD.information8.—Emma,whoareyoutaking_________ofathome?—Mygrandma,shegothurtinanaccident.

A.place

B.part

C.seat

D.care9.--HowcanIseethicksnowinmostnorthernpartsofChina?--Youhavetowaittill______comes,Steve.A.summerB.autumnC.winter10.Let’sgetsome______abouttourismontheInternet.A.informationB.messageC.invention11._____theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare_____teachers.A.Anumberof;womenB.Anumberof;womanC.Thenumberof;womenD.Thenumberof;womanMikeandhisfriendaregoingtothe_______toseethenewactionmovietonight.

A.bookshop

B.restaurant

C.concert

D.cinema13.--Shallwegoshoppingnow?---Sorry.It’snottheright________.I’mtootired.A.wayB.weatherC.placeD.moment14.--I’mafraidIcan’tgettherebefore9o’clock.--That’sOK.There’s_______.A.noway B.nowonderC.nodoubt D.nohurry15.--Whatmakesyousoupset?--IwantedtoexplainwhyIwaslate,butMr.Whitedidn’tgivemea(n)_____.A.wayB.chanceC.idea

D.excuse16.Weneedtocomeupwitha/an______andmakeadecisionatonce.A.informationB.advice C.idea D.news17.Lookattheflowers!Theyareindifferent_______:red,yellow,pink…A.colors B.sizesC.pricesD.names18.–I’dlike______grapesandpears.–Oh,Ionlyneed______orangejuice.A.some;afew B.afew;someC.alittle;few D.alittle;afew19.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—________,please.A.Rice B.Meat C.WaterD.Bread20.--Youlookveryyoung,Mrs.Green.Couldyoutellmehowoldyouare?---Oh,sorry.It’sa(n)_______.A.problem B.instructionC.secret D.business21.Weshouldnoteat______meat.A.toomany B.muchtooC.toomuch D.manytooIdon’tunderstandthestorythoughthereare_______newwordsinit.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle23.Thisisnotmydictionary.It’s______.Shelentittomethismorning.A.mysister B.mysistersC.mysister’s D.mysistersAschoolinAnshunheldanactivitycalled“Recommend(推薦)BookstoYourTeachers”.Thestudentsmadea______of1,0000books!A.noteB.lineC.menuD.list25.--Ifeelthirsty.Iwantsomethingtodrink.Whataboutyou?--OK.Let’sgoandbuysome________.A.orangeB.breadC.chocolate26.Hurryup.Thereis_____timeleft.A.alittleB.littleC.Few27.—Well,youlooksohappy!--BecauseI'vegotagood________.A.workB.newsC.jobD.idea28.Youcangetmuch_____abouttheWorldExpoontheInternet.A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD.information29.Thecustomersarepleasedwiththe________oftherestaurant.A.balanceB.experienceC.surfaceD.service30.–Lilyhasasilk______.Listen,sheissinginginthenextroom!--Hownice!.A.lookB.noise C.voice31.Weneedtocomeupwitha/an____andmakeadecisionatonce.A.informationB.adviceC.ideaD.news32.--Wouldyoulikesome___?--No,thankyou.I’mnothungryatall.A.waterB.books C.clothesD.bread33.—Whenwillthe2010WorldExpo(世博會)cometoaclose?—It’llcloseattheendof________.A.September B.October C.November D.December34.Itwasveryhardformetomakea_______butJdecidedtoleavemyjob.AsuggestionBdecisionCplanDspeech35.—Goodnews.Wewillhavea_____holiday.--I’veheardofit.Butit’scomingin____.A.threedays;threedays’time B.threedays’;threedays’C.three-day;threedays D.threedays;three-daytime36.—WhynotgotoQingdaoonMayDay,Jim?--I’mafraidit’snotagood________.Ihavebeenthereseveraltimes.A.way B.place C.advice D.idea37.MrBlackgaveus______onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.anadvice B.manyadvicesC.someadvice D.someadvices38.—Withwhomdidyouwatch2010WorldCupOpeningCeremony?—_________.A.Afriendofmine B.AfriendofmeC.Afriendofmysister D.Afriendofyou49.Oh,mygod!Thekidsaremakingtoomuch_____here.Ican’tdoanything.A.soundB.voice C.noiseD.footstep40.－Howmany______canyouseeinthepicture?－Onlyone.A.dogB.sheepC.childD.tree41.—What’syour?—Ilikeswimming.A.jobB.ageC.hobbyD.Number42.—Whatwouldyoulike，sir?—.A.Twopop全品中考B.TwobottlespopC.Twobottlesofpop D.Twobottleofpop43.Ihavea_____forbreakfasteveryday.A.hotdogB.CookieC.dumplingD.hamburger44.Alow-carbon(低碳)lifestylehas______effectonourdailylife.Peoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontosaving______thesedays.A.the,energiesB.a,energyC.an,energy45.—Whatafineday!Shallwegohiking,Bob?--I’dloveto.Butis’snottheright________.Iambusynow.A.place B.moment C.weather46.Ifyouworkhard,you’llgetgood________.A.grades B.notes C.lessonsD.answers47.—Lucy,doyoulike_____?-Yes.Mostofmyclothesare______.A.anorangeanorange B.orange,orangeC.oranges,oranges D.orange,anorangeMr.LiregardsNingxiaashissecond_______becausehehasbeenhereforovertwentyyears.A.familyB.houseC.roomD.home49.I'mnotsureaboutthemeaningoftheword.You'dbetterlookitupina____.A.letterB.dictionaryC.postcardD.Notice50.--What’sthenewsabout?--_______entertainmentstarsgatheredtoattactdonationsforYushu.A.Amemberof B.AkindofC.Apacketof D.Anumberof51.Whatapity!LiuXiangdidn’twinthe_____hurdles（跨欄）.A.110-meter B.110-metersC.110meter D.110meters52.WhenIwasastudent,IlikedtositinthefrontoftheclassroomsothatIcouldseethewordsmoreclearlyonthe_______.A.blackboard B.deskC.dictionary D.postcard53.Isawmany______eatinggrassonthehill.A.horseB.cowC.rabbitD.sheep—