Unit1-Unit10單元知識點人教版英語八年級下冊

人教版英語八年級第二學(xué)期U1-U10單元知識點Unit1What’sthematter?重點短語:haveastomachachehaveacoldliedowntakeone’stemperaturehaveafevergotoadoctortoone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)getintotroublebeusedtotakerisksrunout(of)cutoffgetoutofbeincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.）giveup語言知識歸納：1.What’sthematter(withyou)?此句用來詢問別人的病情。類似的句子還有：What’swrongwithyou?/What’sthetrouble?matter作動詞用，意為“要緊”“有關(guān)系”，主要用于疑問句和否定句。Whatdoesitmatter?Itdoesn’tmatter.2.Ihaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+名詞”.haveacoldhaveafeverhaveasorebackhaveastomachachehaveacoughLiedownandrest!躺下休息liedown躺下單詞詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說謊liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlyingThat’sprobablywhy.那可能就是原因。probably意為“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一種近乎肯定的意思。hurtv.使受傷；傷害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.他摔傷的時候傷了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他沒有請我參加聚會使我很傷心。Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交車司機(jī)，24歲的王平……24-year-old是用連字符連接數(shù)字和名詞所構(gòu)成的一個形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“24歲的”。（名詞必須用單數(shù)，常用在名詞前做定語）expectvt.期待；預(yù)期；期盼expect的常見用法:expect+名詞/代詞The

old

man

is

expecting

his

daughter’s

visit.expecttodosth.

I

expect

to

get

a

birthday

present

from

my

dad.

expectsb.todosth.Do

you

expect

him

to

teach

you

English?expect+從句I

expect

that

you

will

get

there

soon.

【辨析】expect與lookforwardto兩者都有期待的意思lookforwardtodoingsth.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃驚的是……toone’ssurprise表示“令人驚奇的是……”，相當(dāng)于“主語+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.令他驚奇的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個女孩是個盲人?！就卣埂縤nsurprise表示“驚奇的”，相當(dāng)于副詞性短語，用來修飾動詞。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.那兩個女孩驚奇地互相看著。besurprisedat表示“對……感到驚訝”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.聽到這個消息，我們很詫異。surprising表示“使人驚奇的”，作表語時，主語是事物。Theydon’twantanytrouble.他們不想惹麻煩。=1\*GB3①trouble用作名詞，意為“煩惱，困難，麻煩，疾病等”。Hislifeisfulloftrouble.他的生活充滿了煩惱。What’sthetrouble?怎么了？=2\*GB3②trouble用作動詞，意為“麻煩，打擾”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打擾你。【拓展】與trouble相關(guān)的短語introuble處于困境中g(shù)etintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難辨析usedtodosth.與beusedtosth./doingsth.↓↓過去常?！?xí)慣于某事/做某事Weusedtodrawpicturesbadly.Youwillgetusedtotheweatherhere.Intheend,Igotusedtodoinghardwork.辨析runout與runoutof人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout(不可用于被動語態(tài)）Themoneyisrunningout.【例題】選出能代替句中畫線部分的一項makedecisions=makeadecision作出決定decision為decide的名詞形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.beincontrolof管理；控制Ateachershouldbeincontrolofhisclass.重點語法：情態(tài)動詞should的用法（1）should后接動詞原形，變否定句在should后加not,變一般疑問句時將should提前。（2）should常用于以下兩種情況：=1\*GB3①提出建議Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.=2\*GB3②表推測，意為“該，按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.重點短語:cleanupbyoneselfcheerupputoffgiveoutputonusedtogiveawaytakeaftersetupmakeadifferencecareforcomeupwith語言知識歸納：1.giveout分發(fā)，發(fā)放【拓展】give構(gòu)成的短語還有：giveaway贈給，贈送givein屈服，投降giveup放棄giveoff發(fā)出（氣味、光、熱等）2.comeupwith提出，想出(1)表示“想出或提出”，相當(dāng)于thinkofIthinkshecancomeupwithagoodidea(2)comeupwith還可表示“趕上”,相當(dāng)于catchupwith.Weshouldstudyhardtocomeupwiththem3.I’vrunoutofit.我已經(jīng)把它用完了。runoutof表示“用完，用光”，其主語一般是人?！就卣埂縭unoutof還可表示“從……跑出來”。Billranoutoftheroom.Bill從房間里跑出來。run構(gòu)成的短語還有runaway逃走runafter追趕runintodifficulties遇到困難4.Itakeaftermymother.我長得像我媽媽。【辨析】takeafter與lookliketakeafter意為“長得像，行為、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的長輩。Theboytakesafterhisfather.這個男孩長得像他爸爸。looklike可以用于所有場合，既可指人也可指物，僅指外表看上去像。Themanlookslikeourteacher.這個男的看起來像我們的老師。Therainbowlookslikeabridge.彩虹看上去像一座橋?！就卣埂縯ake構(gòu)成的短語takeuptakeofftakeplacetakeone’stimetakecaresetup創(chuàng)辦，建立setup為副詞短語，與start,establish同義They’vesetupacompany.他們創(chuàng)辦了一家公司。與set相關(guān)的短語還有：setout動身，開始（做某事）setoff出發(fā)，引起，激發(fā)Youhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohavelucky.對我來說，有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有Lucky.it是形式賓語Youmadeitpossibleformetocatchupwithothers.你讓我有可能趕上其他人。Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Lucky對我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。makeabigdifference意為“對……產(chǎn)生很大的影響”，difference在此為“影響”的意思。9.imaginev.想象，假想；以為，認(rèn)為imagine（v.想象）→imagination（n.想象）→imaginative(adj.富于想象力的）help...out幫……克服困難，幫……分擔(dān)工作Theteacheroftenhelpshisstudentsout.那位老師經(jīng)常幫他的學(xué)生解決問題。beexcitedabout...對……興奮I’mexcitedaboutthegameofLiNa.我對李娜的比賽感到興奮。exciting修飾物重點語法：動詞短語動詞短語主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：(1)動詞+介詞這類動詞短語主要有：agreewith,askfor,arriveat,hearof,lookat,takeafter,listento等。這類動詞后的賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。I’mlookingformypen.Don’tlaughatthepoorman.(2)動詞+副詞這類動詞短語有：findout,giveout,lookup,puton,turnon/off,wakeup,workout等。這類動詞后面的賓語是名詞時，名詞可放在副詞前面或后面；賓語是代詞時，代詞只能放在副詞前面。Pleasepickupthepen.=Pleasepickthepenup.Ittookhimtwohourstoworkitout.(3)動詞+名詞+介詞這類動詞短語有：havealookat,makefriendswith,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto等。在這類動詞短語中，賓語都放在介詞之后。Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.(4)動詞+形容詞+介詞這類動詞短語有：beangrywith,bebusywith,begoodfor,bedifferentfrom,beinterestedin,begoodat等。Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?重點短語:takeouttherubbishmakethebedallthetimeborrowsomemoneyhelpwithhouseworkhangoutwith...awasteoftimeinordertoas...as...takecareofinsurprisedothedishesasaresult語言知識歸納：1.workon從事于；著手干Thewriterisworkingonanewbook.那位作家正在寫一本新書。Sheisgoingtoworkonherphysicsproject.她打算從事她的物理項目。atleast至少atleast修飾時間、距離、長度等，以加強(qiáng)語氣。翻譯短語位atmost,意為“至多，最多”。Hekeptmewaitingatleastanhour.Therewerefiftypeoplethereatmost.allthetime一直；總是Thingsarechangingallthetime.事情一直在變化?！就卣埂縯ime相關(guān)的短語ontime準(zhǔn)時atthesametime同時intime及時Fromtimetotime偶爾thefirsttime第一次I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累。as...as意為“和……一樣”,表示同級比較。as...as中間要用形容詞或副詞原級。Thisstoryisasinterestingasthatone.這個故事和那個一樣有趣。否定式為notas/so...as,意為“不如……”。Thegardenisnotsobeautifulasyouthought.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一個星期，她不做家務(wù)，我也不做家務(wù)。so,neither倒裝句型So+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語Neither+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)常用來說明前面所說的情況，后面某人（物）也是這樣。助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞在形式上與前句的謂語保持一致，而其單復(fù)形式由后句的主語決定。So依附于肯定句，neither依附于否定句。BillwatchedTVlastnight.SodidAnn.Lilyisn’tateacher.NeitherisMary.辨析borrow與lendborrowsth.fromsb.向某人借（入）某物lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.把某物借給某人【注】borrow,lend都是非延續(xù)性動詞，如果要表示“借多長時間”要用keep。spendv.花費(fèi)（金錢；時間）spend+錢/時間+onsth.在……上花費(fèi)時間或金錢spend+時間+(in)doingsth.花時間做某事providev.提供；給予providesth.Therestaurantprovidethebestservice.providesb.withsth.Theparentsprovidethechildrenwithfoodandvidesth.forsb.Theschoolsprovidedesksandchairsforthestudents.dependon依靠；依賴；相信dependon為固定短語，不能用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，也不可用被動語態(tài)Asweknow,goodresultsdependonhardwork.Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子越早學(xué)會獨立，對他們的將來就越好。the+比較級...，the+比較級...“越……就越……”Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.11.inorderto的用法(1)inorderto意為“為了……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，后接動詞原形。Inordertoletthestudentshearhim,hespokeloudly.Wehavetostudyhardinordertopasstheexam.Inordernottobelateforschool,shetookataxi.含inorderto的句子可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橛蓅othat或inorderthat引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。Sheranquicklyinordertocatchthebus.Sheranquicklyinorderthatshecouldcatchthebus.Sheranquicklysothatshecouldcatchthebus.asaresult的用法asaresult用于引出結(jié)果，常用于兩個句子之間，其中一個是另一個的結(jié)果，且前后用標(biāo)點符號將兩個句子隔開，意為“結(jié)果是”。Hedidn’tlistencarefully.Asaresult,hecouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.【注】asaresultof的意思是“由于，因為”，相當(dāng)于becauseof。Peterwaslateasaresultoftheheavyrain.=Peterwaslatebecauseoftheheavyrain.Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?重點短語:lookthroughworkoutgetonwithcutoutcompare...withinone’sopinionabigdealsothatgetintoafightcommunicatewithnot...until...callsb.upinsteadof語言知識歸納：1.Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?Whydon’tyoudosth.=Whynotdosth.“為什么不……?”【拓展】提出建議的句型①What/Howaboutdoingsth.?做某事怎么樣？②Shallwedosth.?我們做某事好嗎？③You’dbetter(not)dosth.你最好（不）做某事。④Whydon’tyoudosth.為什么不做某事呢？⑤Wouldyouminddoingsth.?你介意做某事嗎？2.allowv.允許，許可①allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事“Myparentsallowmetoplaycomputergameonweekends.②allowdoingsth.“允許做某事”Shedoesn’tallowsmokinginherhouse.③allow+名詞Wecan’tallowsuchathing.3.workout產(chǎn)生……效果，進(jìn)展……Thingsworkedoutquitewellforus.對我們來說，事情進(jìn)展很好。Heworkedoutthemathsproblem.他算出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。Canyouworkouttheproblemalone?你一個人能把問題搞清楚嗎？4.communicatev.交流信息；溝通Ican’tcommunicatewiththematthemoment.此刻我無法同他們進(jìn)行交流。communicationn.交流Peoplecan’tgetonwellwitheachotherwithoutcommunication.沒有交流，人們就無法相處得好。5.arguevi.爭論；爭吵arguewithsb.與某人爭論Don’targuewithyourparents.不要和你的父母爭論。argue的名詞形式是“argument”,haveanargumentwithsb.與某人辯論。Alicehandanargumentwithherbestfriend.6.insteadadv.代替，頂替Ifyouarebusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.【辨析】instead與insteadofinstead副詞舍前取后，可單獨使用，位于句首或句末。insteadof介詞短語舍后取前，后面常跟名詞，代詞及動詞ing。Hedidn’tanswer.Heaskedhisfatherinstead.Weeatriceinsteadofnoodles.7.offerv.提供；提出；建議①offer做“提供”講時，可接雙賓語。offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.向某人提供某物Thewaitressofferedacupofteatotheman.=Thewaitressofferedthemanacupoftea.②offer還有“提出，建議”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主動提出做某事。Theoldmanofferedtolendtheboysomemoney.8.Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.compare作動詞，意為“比較，和……相比”。①compare...with...把……同……相比較Parentsshouldn’talwayscomparetheirchildrenwithothers.父母們不該總是把自己的孩子同別人相比較。②compare...to...把……比作……Peopleoftencomparethelifetoastage.人們常把生活比作一個舞臺。Mycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.①return意為“歸還”，其后可接雙賓語returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.Don’tforgettoreturnmethekeys.②return還有“返回”的意思，相當(dāng)于goback,后接地點時需要介詞to。HereturnedtoShanghaiaweekago.Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?重點短語:gooffpickupfallasleepdiedownmakeone’swayinsilencetakedownatfirstwaitforinamesstherestofhavemeaningtobasketballcompetitionaswellmakesure語言知識歸納：while當(dāng)……的時候作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，在while引導(dǎo)的從句中，其謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句中的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生。WhileIwaswatchingTV,someoneknockedatthedoor.when意為“當(dāng)……時”，動作有一前一后的意思。WhenIpassedthatroomIheardsomeonesinging.while作連詞時也可理解為“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。Ilikeappleswhilemysisterdoesn’t.2.makesure查明；確信①makesureofsth.②makesuretodosth.③makesurethat+從句IgottothebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.get意為“到達(dá)”時，是不及物動詞，后面跟地點名詞時，要加介詞to。HowcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?表示“到達(dá)”的三種形式：①arrive意為到達(dá)at+小地點arrivein+大地點②getto后接地點名詞。Hegottoschoolat7:00thismorning.③reach意為“到達(dá)”，是及物動詞，后面直接跟地點名詞。WhendidyoureachAmerica?Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.hear動詞,意為“聽說”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：①hearsb.dosth.聽見某人做某事②hearsb.doingsth.聽見某人正在做某事③hearof/aboutsb./sth.聽說某人或某事④hearfromsb.收到某人的來信⑤hear+that從句聽說……5.Iplayedthesongwithoutanymistakes.without介詞,意為“無；沒有”，其反義詞為with,后接名詞、代詞或動詞ing。Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Hewenttoworkwithouthavingbreakfast.重點語法含義表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。結(jié)構(gòu)was/were+doing構(gòu)成1.肯定句：主語+was/were+doing+其他2.否定句：主語+was/were+not+doing+其他3.疑問句：Was/Were+主語+doing+其他?用法：表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。常見的時間狀語有：at3o’clockyesterdayafternoon,inthosedays,atthistimeyesterday等。表示一個動作發(fā)生時，另一個動作正在進(jìn)行，持續(xù)時間長的動作用過去進(jìn)行時，常用在while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中。與go,come,leave,start等瞬間動詞連用，表示過去將要進(jìn)行的動作。Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.重點短語:alittlebitinsteadofoonceuponatimefallinlovegetmarriedassoonasinsteadofgivebirthtobeborno語言知識歸納：try的用法①trytodosth.盡力做某事HeistryingtolearnEnglish.②trydoingsth.試著做某事Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.③tryone’sbest盡力I’lltrymybesttohelphim.④tryon試穿Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson?2.remindvt.使想起，提醒①remindsb.of/aboutsth.使某人想起某事Thesongremindmeofmychildhood.②remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事Peterremindedhertoattendthemeetingontime.Whatdoyouthinkof...?你認(rèn)為……怎么樣？Whatdoyouthinkof...?=Howdoyoulike...?注：think后接動名詞，like后接帶to的不定式如：Whatdoyouthinkofgoingclimbingtomorrow?=Howdoyouliketogoclimbingtomorrow?你認(rèn)為明天去爬山怎么樣？Neitherofyouiswrong.你們兩個都沒錯。neither兩者都不；也不e.g.Neitheroftheideasisgood.Ilikeneithersubject.neither作連詞，表示“既不……也不……”，連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞要遵循就近原則。e.g.Neitheryounorheisinthisteam.NeitherhenorIamateacher.unless的用法unless的意思是“除非，如果不”，相當(dāng)于ifnot,用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。主句同常用將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g.Youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyougetupearly.Wewon’tgotothecinematomorrowunlessmymotherdoes.so...that...如此……以至于……so...that...可以轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句，要用too...to...或not...enoughto...句型時，not后要用原句中的形容詞或副詞的反義詞。Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tlookafterherself.=Sheistooyoungtolookafterherself.=Sheisnotoldenoughtolookafterherself.assoonas一……就……assoonas為連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句當(dāng)主句是一般將來時或祈使句時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時，簡稱“主將從現(xiàn)”。e.g.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonasshereturnshome.I’llringyouupassoonasIgottoSanya.thewholefamily全家whole的用法①作形容詞，意為“全部的；完整的”。thewholenight整夜inthewholeworld全世界②作名詞，意為“全部，全體，整個”。asawhole作為整體thewholeofChina整個中國【辨析】whole與allwhole一般位于冠詞、所有格或別的限定詞之后，而all則位于這些詞之前allthetime/thewholetime整個時間allmylife/mywholelife我的一生alltheclass/thewholeclass整個班級bemadeof與bemadefrom由……制成①bemadeof表示制成成品后，仍可以看出原材料Thedesksaremadeofwood.②bemadefrom看不出原材料，屬于化學(xué)變化Paperismadeofwood.Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?重點短語:feelfreeasfarasIknowinthefaceofeventhoughatbirthwalkintofalloverorsotakeinmanytimesendangeredanimalsachieveone’sdream語言知識歸納：比較級和最高級的特殊句型①“get/become+形容詞比較級+and+形容詞比較級”表示“變得越來越……”，當(dāng)形容詞為多音節(jié)詞（少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞）時，用“moreandmore+原級”。Itgetswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.②“the+形容詞比較級……，the+形容詞比較級……”意為“越……就越……”。Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.③“oneofthe+最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……之一”。ChengduisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.④Thisis/was+the+最高級+名詞+that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.三級句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換①形容詞比較級+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞Thisbookismoredifficultthananyotherbookhere.=Thisbookisthemostdifficultofall.形容詞比較級+thantheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Billistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.②同級比較用as...as...,否定式為notas/so...as...Heisastallashisfather.Heisnotastallashisfather.③“more+形容詞”與“l(fā)ess+形容詞”及“notso/as...as”的互換。Thisquestionismoredifficultthanthatone.=Thatquestionislessdifficultthanthisone.=Thatquestionisn’tsodifficultasthisone.數(shù)量的表達(dá)英語中通常將數(shù)字放在單位詞的前面，而將表示長、寬、高等的詞放在單位詞的后面。固定句式為：主語+be+數(shù)詞+形容詞（長、寬、高、深……）。Theboyis1.7meterstall.Thisbuildingis90metershigh.Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld.①population是集體名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時，其后謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Thepopulationoftheschoolis500.②指人口多少時，一般用large或small來表示。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.③提問“有多少人口”，用what或howlarge,而不用howmany。What’sthepopulationofChina?succeedv.成功，做到succeed常與in連用，succeedindoingsth.(成功做某事）Didyousucceedinbookingtheticket?successn.成功Workinghardcanleadtosuccess.successful用作形容詞，意思是“成功的”。Lindaisasuccessfuldancerandshedanceswell.Thiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.（1）表示兩倍用twice,三倍（及以上）用“基數(shù)詞+times”。（2）倍數(shù)的表達(dá)：A+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+BThisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Weshouldprotectwhalesfromwaterpollution.protect保護(hù)、保衛(wèi)protect...from...“保護(hù)……免受……的侵害”Everyoneshouldprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?重點短語:fullofhurryupsciencefictioncountrymusiceversinceoneanotherbelongtofinishdoingsth.fightovermillionsof語言知識歸納：現(xiàn)在完成時(1)用法：①表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Ihavepostedthephotos.我已經(jīng)把這些照片郵寄了。②表示過去發(fā)生的動作及狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。HehasstudiedEnglishforthreeyears.(2)現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成及其變化構(gòu)成have/has+動詞的過去分詞。其中have/has為助動詞，沒有實際意義，可縮寫。Mikehas=Mike’stheyhave=they’ve(3)現(xiàn)在完成時常用的時間狀語already,just,ever,yet,fortwoyears,since1995,sofar,inthelastfewyearsI’vealreadyfinishedreadingit!finishdoingsth.完成做某事Theyfinisheddoingtheworklastweek.Whoelseisonmyisland?else意為“其他的”主要用在疑問詞who,whose,what,where,when及不定代詞somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,anyone,something,anything,nothing后面。-Whatelsedoyouwant?-Nothingelse.other也作“其他的”講，但用法不同other是形容詞，修飾名詞，并放在名詞前Whenaretheotherboysarrive?另外other還可修飾代詞one或one’s。Thisstoryismoreinterestingthantheotherone....butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.……但不是關(guān)于屬于一個集體。belongto意為“屬于”，后接賓語，不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。Thisbookbelongstome,butthatonebelongstoMary.Thenewpenbelongstome.ThehonorbelongstoTom.Sarahhasn’tbeentoNashvilleyet.havebeento...去過……【辨析】havebeento與havegonetohavebeento+地名，表示“某人曾經(jīng)到過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那個地方了（回來了）。havegoneto表示“已經(jīng)去了某地”，還沒有回來，可能在那里或在途中。不能與段時間連用。Johnisn’there.Wherehashegone?HehasbeentomanyplacessincehecametoChina.Howdoesitmakethemfeel?make為使役動詞，后跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語即makesb.dosth.Mymotheroftenmakesmecleantheroom.make后跟復(fù)合賓語的類型①make+賓語+名詞Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.②make+賓語+形容詞Whathedidmakeshismotherhappy.③make+賓語+過去分詞Canyoumakeyourselfunderstood?Haveyouintroducedthissingertoothers?introducesb.tosb.把某人介紹給某人introduceoneself做自我介紹Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?重點短語:thousandsofputuptakethesubwayontheonehand...ontheotherhand...encouragesb.todosth.haveproblemdoingsth.practicedoingsth.closetoduringthedaytimeallyearround語言知識歸納：1.Meneither.我也沒（去過）。Meneither=NeitherhaveI.-Ican’tswim.-Meneither./NeithercanI.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.encourage鼓勵encouragesb.(todosth.)Maybeyoufearthatyouwon’tbeabletofindanythinggoodtoeatwhenyoutravel.fear害怕；懼怕fear的不同用法①feartodosth.Thegirlsfeartogooutatnight.②fearforsb./sth.Policefearforthelostchildren.③fearthat+從句WhetheryoulikeIndianfood,WesternfoodorJapanesefood,you’llfinditallinSingapore.whether用作連詞，意為“不管……（還是）；或者……（或者）”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：whether...or...Whetheritiseasyoritisdifficult,wewon’tgiveup.5.unusualadj.不同尋常的，罕見的前綴un-表否定的意思有“不，未，無”之意。unhappy不開心的unkind冷酷的untidy不整潔的unbelievable令人難以置信的unknown不出名的Ontheonehand,morethanthreequartersofthepopulationareChinese...①threequarters是分?jǐn)?shù)，意為“四分之三”。quarter有“一刻鐘，四分之一”的含義。在英語中表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；如分子大于1，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3/5threefifths1/3onethird②population作“人口”講時，后面的謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。...youwon’thaveanyproblemgettingrice,noodlesordumplings.have