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Unit-Grammar過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期: Grammar過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)講義一.分析分詞在句子中的成分1.Ifoundthisbrokenplat(yī)eonthefloor.2.Isawatall,darkandhandsomemancalledXiaoming.3.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.4.JohnSnowdecidedtohelpordinarypeoplee(cuò)xposedtocholera.5.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.6.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.7.AwardedtheNobelPrizeforChemistry,thescientistisstillworkinghard.8.Giventime,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.二.用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)下列狀語(yǔ)從句。1.Whenourfutureschoolisseenfromthespace,ourfutureschoollookslikeaplate.2.AsLilyclassroomissurroundedbywater,Lilyclassroomlooksbeautiful.3.Assheissurprisedattheschoolbag,sheturnsherheadbacktofindoutwhathappens.4.IfIamgivenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.5.Asitwaswritteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.答案:1.Seenfromthespace,ourfutureschoollookslikeaplate.2.Surroundedbywater,Lilyclassroomlooksbeautiful.3.Surprisedattheschoolbag,sheturnsherheadbacktofindoutwhathappens.4.Givenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.5.Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.Summary總結(jié):1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示___(dá)__的和/或_____(dá)_的動(dòng)作,相當(dāng)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。所以過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)從句可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。2.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ),此時(shí)應(yīng)注意主語(yǔ)人稱______(dá)。實(shí)際上過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略,省略的條件是主從句主語(yǔ)___(dá)___(dá)__或從句的主語(yǔ)是____(dá)_,狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)又含有__(dá)____(dá)__,這時(shí)省略從句的___(dá)___(dá)_和__(dá)________.答案:1.被動(dòng);完成2.一致;一致;it;be;主語(yǔ);be三.完成課本練習(xí)第21頁(yè),第2大題四.注意值得注意的是,有些過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)因來(lái)源系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng),而注重在描述主語(yǔ)的__(dá)____(dá)__(dá)__(dá)_.(答案:狀態(tài))這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)有:lost迷失的,迷路的,seated坐著的,hidden藏著的,satisfiedwith滿意的,surprisedat吃驚的,worriedabout擔(dān)心的,interestedin感興趣的,locatedin坐落于,位于disappointedat失望的,lost/absorbedin陷于/沉溺…….,pleasedwith對(duì)…….感到高興/滿意dressedin穿著…,tiredof厭煩了……,facedwith面對(duì)…….1.__________(dá)__(disappoint)attheexaminationresults,thegirlstoodthere,silent.2.____(dá)___(dá)___(dress)inawhitedress,sheisthemostbeautifulgirlintheparty.五.過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別_______(dá)(see)fromupside,itlookslikealilywhichisinfullbloom(盛開(kāi))inthesea.______(dá)_(see)fromupside,youwillfindalilywhichisinfullbloom(盛開(kāi))inthesea._____(dá)__(see(cuò))fromthetopofthetower,wecangetawonderfulviewofthecity._______(dá)(see)fromthetopofthetower,ourcitylooksverybeautiful.如果句子的主語(yǔ)和分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用___(dá)____,如果句子的主語(yǔ)和分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用_____(dá)____。答案:Seen;Seeing;Seeing;Seen;現(xiàn)在分詞;過(guò)去分詞六.Havingdone的結(jié)構(gòu)(只能作狀語(yǔ)),它所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。即它所表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作?!埃鈋ing+過(guò)去分詞”表示一個(gè)正在被進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。“havingbeen+過(guò)去分詞”表示過(guò)去分詞既表被動(dòng)關(guān)系,又說(shuō)明過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前,有明顯的先后順序。eg.1.___(dá)_____(dá)_____(dá)(ask)togiveaspeech,shecouldn’trefuse.2._____(dá)____(dá)___(dá)_____(tell)manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.3.____(dá)_________(paint),thehouselookslikeamess.4.__(dá)____(dá)___(dá)_(

protect)by

many

guards,

he

feltsafe.由于有很多警衛(wèi)保護(hù),他覺(jué)得很安全.答案:1.Beingasked2.Havingbee(cuò)ntold3.Beingpained4.Beingprotected七.分詞作狀語(yǔ)記憶口訣分詞作狀語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)是問(wèn)題。逗號(hào)前后兩動(dòng)作,共用一主語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)找出后,再來(lái)判關(guān)系。主動(dòng)用-ing,被動(dòng)用-ed,havingdone表先后,千萬(wàn)要牢記。分詞作定語(yǔ),所修飾名詞時(shí)問(wèn)題所修名詞找出后,再來(lái)判斷主動(dòng)用-ing,被動(dòng)用-ed八.鞏固練習(xí)用所給單詞的正確形式填空buildfrightenfollowshootsee1.___(dá)_______bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.2.Theladyreturnedhome,____(dá)____(dá)__bytwopolicemen.Theoldmanwentupstairs,______(dá)____(dá)(follow)adog.3._________(dá)in1949,thebridgeisover50yearsold.4._____(dá)____(dá)fromthehill,youwillgetabeautifulviewofthecity.5.Although_________intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.答案:1.Frightened2.followed;following3.Built4.Seeing5.shot高考鏈接1.___(dá)___(dá)(see)fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.(陜西2010)2.__(dá)__(dá)__(bite)twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.(北京2009)3.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,_____(dá)_(compare)withhisoldone.(重慶2009)4.(compare)withotherboys,Tomisluckier.5.__(dá)____(drive)byagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.(2007浙江卷)6.Thetrees(blowdown)inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.(2008湖南卷)7.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_____(dá)__(dá)____(speak)asmuchaswecan.(2008江蘇卷)8.(lose)indeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.答案:1.See(cuò)n2.Bitten3.compared4.Comparing5.Driven6.blowndown7.spoken8.Lost九.復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)1.InAD3008LiQiangfindshishometowngreatly________(dá)__(dá)(change).LiQiangwas_____(dá)__(dá)_____(surprise).The____(dá)____(surprise)boywasveryhappy.Theboy____(dá)________(dá)____(surprise)thehoveringcarriageswasveryhappy.2.Themanhasthewater________(deliver)bythecomputer.Thewateris__(dá)_____(dá)____(dá).Thewater____(dá)__(dá)___bythputerisveryclean.3.Withthediningroom______(dá)_(build)inthesea,thegirlandhermotherarehavingameal.答案:1.changed;surprised;surprised;surprisedat2.delivered;delivered;delivered;3.built過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)的用法單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),常放在被修飾詞的_____(dá)_;過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),常放在被修飾詞的____(dá)__。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),與__(dá)____構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),與賓語(yǔ)有著邏輯上______關(guān)系,即被動(dòng)關(guān)系.with+n.&pron.+p.p結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語(yǔ)和過(guò)去動(dòng)詞有______關(guān)系.答案:前面;后面。系動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空Myfutureschool______(dá)___(dá)(name)“tomorrowspaceschool”isfloatinginthesky.__(dá)____(dá)__(enter)myschool,Ifinditgreatly____(dá)_____(change)fromnow._____(dá)_(see(cuò))fromspace,itlookslikeabeautifulflower.Icatchsightofalotofrobots________(work)init.Iamvery_______(dá)__(dá)_(interest)inthemandtalktothem.Thebellrings.Irushtotheclassroom.Withmyface_____(dá)____(cover)withsweat,Ipushthedooropen.__________(dá)_(surprise),Ifind….答案:named;Entering;changed;Seen;working;interested;covered;surprised一Manypeoplearewonderingifitissafetotalkonthecellphoneswhile(drive).Mostofpeoplethinkthat(yī)theuseofcellphonesshould______(dá)__(dá)(ban)whiletheyaredriving,becauseinthatcaseaccidentscaneasily(happen).A____(dá)____(dá)(grow)numberofstat(yī)esaremakingrulestokee(cuò)pyoungfromusingcellphoneswhiletheyaredriving.Whenthereisacaraccident,policeofficerswillfindoutwhetheranyofthedriversisusingacellphone.Therehavebee(cuò)nsomeverybadcaraccidents__(dá)______(cause)bydriversbeingdistractedbycellphones.Driverssometimesforget____(dá)(watch)theroadcarefullywhenthey___(dá)__(use)theirphones.Not______(dá)_(pay)attentiontotheroadcanbedangerous,evendeadly.Itisimportantfordrivers_____(dá)__(dá)(focus)ontheroad.Theynee(cuò)dtopayat(yī)tentiontowhatisgoingonaroundthem.So,stop_____(use)yourcellphoneswhiledrivingII____(decide)whatpresentyoushouldgivesomeoneisnevereasy.Manythingsmust_____(dá)_____(dá)__(consider)suchaswhat(yī)theperson______(dá)__(dá)____(dá)_(interest)inandhowoldheis.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson___(dá)___(dá)__(dá)__(receive)thegift.OneoftheworstgiftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,MsChen.MsChen__(dá)____(dá)___(dá)__(teach)meEnglishsinceJunior1,and___(dá)__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)_(show)myappreciation,Idecided_____(dá)___(get)herapresent.IaskedmyclassmatesaboutherinterestsbeforeImademyfinaldecision.ThenI(lǐng)wenttothedepartmentstorewhereIworkedpart-timeandboughtheranexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef.Iwascertainshe____(dá)_____(like)itbecauseI____(dá)______(dá)___(tell)bymyclassmat(yī)esthatshelovedhotfood.Ilefttheboxwithacardonherdesk,andIwassureshewouldlikethem.ItwasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthat(yī)Ilearnedshecouldn'teatMSG!IIIItwasmyfirstdayinHangzhou,

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