2023年考研考博考博英語中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題1.Twelvemonthsago,LululemonAthleticawasoneofthehottestbrandsintheworld.Salesofitshigh-pricedyogagearwereexploding;thecompanywasexpandingintonewmarkets;expertswereinaweofits“cult-likefollowing.”Asoneobserverputit,“They’remorethanapparel.They’realifestyle.”Butthencustomersstartedcomplainingaboutpillingfabrics,bleedingdyesand,mostmemorably,yogapantssothinthattheyeffectivelybecametransparentwhenyoubentover.Lululemon'sfoundermadethingsworsebysuggestingthatsomewomenweretoofattowearthecompany’sclothes.AndthatwastheendofLululemon’scharmedexistence:thefoundersteppeddownfromhismanagementrole,and,afewweeksago,thecompanysaidthatithadseensales“deceleratemeaningfully.”2.It’satruismofbusinessschoolthinkingthatacompany'sbrandisits“mostimportantasset,”morevaluablethantechnologyorpatentsormanufacturingprowess.Butbrandshaveneverbeenmorefragile.Thereasonissimple:consumersaresupremelywellinformedandfarmorelikelytoinvestigatetherealvalueofproductsthantorelyonlogos.AbsoluteValue,anewbookbyItamarSimonson,amarketingprofessoratStanford,andEmanuelRosen,aformersoftwareexecutive,showsthat,historically,theriseofbrandswasaresponsetoaninformation-poorenvironment.Whenconsumershadtorelyonadvertisementsandtheirpastexperiencewithacompany,brandsservedasproxiesforquality;ifacarwasmadebyGeneralMotors,oraketchupbyHeinz,peopleassumedthatitwasprettygood.Itwashardtofigureoutifanewproductfromanunfamiliarcompanywasreliableornot,sobrandloyaltywasawayofreducingrisk.Asrecentlyasthe1980s,nearlyfour-fifthsofAmericancarbuyersstayedloyaltoabrand.3.Todayconsumerscanreadreamsofresearchaboutwhatevertheywanttobuy.ThisstartedbackwithConsumerReports,whichpublishedobjectivestudiesofproducts,andwithJDPower'squalityrankings,whichrevealedwhatordinarycustomersthoughtofthecarstheyhadbought.Butwhathasreallyweakenedthepowerofbrandsistheinternet,whichhasgivenordinaryconsumerseasyaccesstoexpertreviews,userreviewsanddetailedproductdata,inanarrayofcategories.ArecentPricewaterhouseCoopersstudyfoundthat80percentofconsumerslookatonlinereviewsbeforemakingmajorpurchases,andahostofstudieshaveloggedthestronginfluencethosereviewshaveonthedecisionspeoplemake.Theriseofsocialmediahasacceleratedthetrendtoanastonishingdegree:adudproductcanbecomealaughingstockinamatterofhours.IntheolddaysyoumightbuyaSonytelevisionsetbecauseyouhadownedonebefore,orbecauseyoutrustedthebrand.TodaysuchconsiderationsmattermuchlessthanreviewsonAmazonandEngadgetandCNET.AsSimonsontoldme,“eachproductnowhastoproveitselfonitsown.”4.Ithasbeenarguedthatthewelterofinformationwillactuallymakebrandsmorevaluable.AstheinfluentialconsultancyInterbrandputsit,“Inaworldwhereconsumersareoftenoverwhelmedwithinformation,theroleabrandplaysinpeople’sliveshasbecomeallthemoreimportant.”Butinformationoverloadislargelyamyth.“Mostconsumerslearnveryquicklyhowtogetagreatdealofinformationefficientlyandeffectively,”Simonsonsays."Mostofusfigureouthowtofindwhatwe’relookingforwithoutspendinghugeamountsoftimeonline."Andthishasmadecustomerloyaltyprettymuchathingofthepast.Only25percentofAmericanrespondentsinarecentErnst&Youngstudysaidthatbrandloyaltyaffectedhowtheyshopped.5.Forestablishedbrandsthisisanightmare.Youcannevercoastonpastperformance—thepercentageofbrand-loyalcarbuyershasplummetedinthepasttwentyyears—andthepricepremiumthatarecognizedbrandcanchargehasshrunk.Ifyouaremakingabetterproduct,youcanstillchargemore,but,ifyourproductismuchlikethatofyourcompetitors,yourpriceneedstobesimilartoo.Thatistheclearestindicationthattheeconomicvalueofbrands—traditionallyassessedbythepremiumacompanycouldcharge—iswaning.Thisisn’ttrueacrosstheboard:brandsretainvaluewherethebrandassociationisintegraltotheexperienceofaproduct(Coca-Cola,say),orwheretheyconferstatus,aswithluxurygoods.Butevenheretheinformationdelugeistransformative;luxurytravel,forinstance,hasbeenprofoundlyaffectedbywebsiteslikeTripAdvisor.6.Forconsumersthisisideal:theyaremakingbetterchoices,andheightenedcompetitionhasraisedqualityandhelddownprices.Andtheyarenottheonlybeneficiaries;upstartsnowfinditeasiertocompetewiththebigboys.Ifyoubuildabettermousetrap,peoplewillsoonknowaboutit.Adecadeago,personal-computercompanieslikeAsusandAcerhadalmostnobrandidentityoutsideTaiwan.Nowtheyaremajorplayers.Roku,amakerofstreamingentertainmentdevices,hasthrivedeventhoughitsproductshavetocompetewithsimilaronesmadebyApple(whichisusuallycitedastheworld'smostvaluablebrand).AndtheKoreancarmakerHyundaihasgonefrombeingajoketosellingfourmillioncarsayear.Formuchofthe20thcentury,consumermarketswerestable.Todaytheyaretumultuous,andyouareonlyasgoodasyourlastproduct.ForbrandslikeLululemonthereisonlyoneconsolation:makesomethingreallygreatandyourpastsinswillbeforgotten.1.AccordingtotextA,whichwaspublishedrecently,withinthepastyearLululemonAthletica（

）.2.Thebestoppositeoftheverbtodecelerate(usedinparagraph1)isto（

）.3.Acompany'sbrandisits“mostimportantasset”'(paragraph2).TextA（

）.4.Americanconsumersusedtobeloyaltobrands（

）.5.Inparagraph3,socialmediaarementioned（

）.6.BasedontheevidencepresentedintextA,（

）7.Tojudgefromwhathewrites,theauthoroftextA（

）.8.TheauthorcitesHyundaiasanexampleofafirmthat（

）.問題1選項A.hasemergedasanewreligiousgroup.B.hassuccessfullypersuadedoverweightwomentoavoidwearingyogapants,C.bothoftheabove.D.neitheroftheabove.問題2選項A.bumup.B.speedup.C.growup.D.riseup.問題3選項A.offersabundantsupportforthisview.B.showsthatthestatementwaseventruerinthepastthanitisinthe21stcenturyC.showsthatthisviewhasalwaysbeenfalse.D.suggeststhatthisviewisincreasinglyoutofdate.問題4選項A.becausetheyeitherweretoobusyorlackedtheeducationtoseekreliableinformationonproductqualityB.becauseoftheimpactofadvertising,whichineffectprogrammedconsumerstorespondtothecalculatedappealofcertainbrandsC.thatexperiencehadtaughtthemtotrustinordertoreducethelikelihoodofmakingcostlymistakesD.thattheyhadlearnedtorecognizeovertheyearsbyreadingConsumerReportsorsimilarpublications問題5選項A.asamajorfactorintheInternet'serosionofwhatremainsofbrandloyalty.B.asanexampleofhowconsumersgainaccesstoexpertopiniononproductquality.C.toshowthatbrandloyaltyisgrowingastheinternethelpspeopletoavoidundesirableproductsassociatedwithquestionablebrands.D.asanexampleofwhatadvertiserscandotostrengthentheappealofabrand.問題6選項A.onecansafelypredictthatbrandswillsoonceasetobeafeatureofmarketing.B.itisclearthatexpertsallagreeonhowthenewabundanceofproductinformationwillaffectconsumerchoices.C.thereappearstobecontinuingdisagreementoverthefuturevalueofbrandsasamarketingtool.D.itseemsthatprofessionalmarketanalystssharetheviewthatbrandloyaltywillreemergefollowingtheongoingtumult,whichistheresultofrapidtechnologicalchange.問題7選項A.suggeststhattheriseoftheinternet,andaboveallofsocialmedia,doombrand-basedcommerce.B.feelsthatconsumersarebeingwellservedbythevastincreaseinaccesstoproductinformationonline.C.believesthatthetrendsheoutlineswillmakeiteasierforbigcompaniestocontinuetodominateconsumermarkets.D.thinksthatcompanieswillbeabletousetheinternettodesignproductsthatreflectconsumerpreferencesmoreeffectively.問題8選項A.oncehadapoorreputationbutisnowsuccessfulinitsindustry.B.hassolveditsearlierimageproblembysellingmillionsofautomobiles.C.offersevidenceofthegreatstabilityofconsumermarketsinthe20thcenturyD.showshowimportanthumorisinmarketingproductstotoday’sconsumers.2.填空題The（1）betweenBeijingandTianjinisabout120kilometers.On（2）,theintercityhigh-speedtrain（3）30minutestotransportpassengersfromonecitytotheother.Urbangeographerspredictthatthetwocitieswill（4）growtogethertoformonehugemetropolis.3.填空題13.Wearehavingsome（1）withthemachinethatweimported（2）Japanlastyear.Ithas（3）downtwicealready.Eachtimewehave（4）toaskatechniciantocometoBeijingto（5）it.Thegoodnewsisthatourtechnicianshave（6）completedtheirtraininginTokyo.Thenexttimewehavea（7）,wewon’tneedtosendforaJapanesespecialist.句意:我們?nèi)ツ陱娜毡具M(jìn)口的這臺機(jī)器正有些故障。它已經(jīng)發(fā)生過兩次故障了。每次故障發(fā)生時，我們都不得不讓日方派技術(shù)員來北京修理它。好消息是我們自己的技術(shù)員己經(jīng)結(jié)束了他們在東京的培訓(xùn)。下次該機(jī)器再有故障時，我們就不需要邀請日本專家了。4.單選題Thenumberofpeoplebuyingprivateautosisstillrisingrapidly,thereforetheeffectofthegovernment'songoingeffortstocutairpollutionremainsopentoquestion.問題1選項A.rapidly,thereforeB.ongoingeffortstocutC.remainsopenD.toquestion.E.沒有問題5.填空題WhileIwasastudent,I（1）manystoriesaboutthevalueofEnglishforone’scareer,butIthoughttheywereirrelevant（2）thelifethatIhadplannedformyself.Inthat（3）Iwassimilartomanyoftoday'sstudents.Aftergraduating,I（4）howaccuratethosestorieswere.I（5）manyopportunitiesbecausemyEnglishwassopoor,（6）Ifinallydecidedto"correct*'myearliermistake.OnedayI（7）atutorandbegantostudyEnglishseriously-asatoolofrealcommunication,notameretestsubject―forthefirst（8）inmylife.Thisturned（9）tobeoneofthebestdecisionsthatI’ve

（10）made.AfterI（11）myattitudetowardthelanguage,Ireallystartedtoenjoyusingit,andasa（12）Imaderapid（13）init.Sincethenmycareerhasbenefitedgreatly（14）mynewabilitytouseEnglishactively.6.單選題

HeradvisorpersuadedhertoremainatNanjingUniversitytodoherdoctorate,butshedecidedtoapplytothepostgraduatedivisionoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinstead.問題1選項A.persuadedB.todoherdoctorateC.applytoD.oftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinstead.E.沒有問題7.填空題Doyouknowhowwecanget（

）toholdanoutdoorconcertoncampus?8.填空題A:Areyougoingtotellyourbosstodaythatyou'requittingyour（1）?B:Ican’tmakeupmymind（2）totellhimtodayornot.A:I’dtellhimtodayifI（3）you.Whydelay?B:ButwhatifI（4）mymind?A:I（5）thatyou’dmadeafirmdecision.B:Well,yesterdayIhadaconversationwithsomeonewho（6）

toworkforthecompanythatwantstohireme.（7）

tohim,there’salotofdissatisfactionamongtheemployees.A:Didhesaywhatthe（8）ofthedissatisfactionwas?B:Hementionedanumberofthings.I’llstaywithmycurrentfirmifthealternativeisacompanywithmajormanagementproblems.They’reofferingmeahigher，butistheadditionalpayenoughtomakeupforabunchofnew（9）headaches?A:Itsoundstomeasifyou'd（10）talktosome（11）currentorpastemployeesbeforeyouacceptthenewfirm’soffer.大意:A.你會今天告訴老板，你要離職的事嗎？B.我不確定是否今天告訴他。A.如果我是你，我會今天告訴他。為什么推遲呢？B.但是，要是我改變主意了呢？A.我覺得你己經(jīng)決定了。B.昨天，我和一個之前在想雇我的那個公司中工作過的人談話。據(jù)他所說，員工間有很多不滿。A.他有說不滿的原因是什么嗎？B.他說了很多事。如果這個公司主要是管理問題的話，我會呆在現(xiàn)在的公司。他們會給我提供更高的薪水，但是，這額外的工資足以彌補(bǔ)一連串新的麻煩嗎？A.這聽起來，在接受新工作之前，好像，你最好和現(xiàn)在或者之前的雇員多談?wù)劇?.單選題WhenIputthebeautifullydecoratedgiftcanisterintoMr.Kang'shands,hethankedmeeffusivelyforsendinghimsuchhigh-qualitytea.問題1選項A.WhenIputthebeautifullyB.decoratedgiftcanisterintoC.effusivelyD.sendingE.沒有問題10.單選題Thestudents,arrivingattheusualtimeforbreakfast,wereextremelyfhriouswhentheydiscoveredthatthepricesofalmostthefooditemshaddoubledovernight.問題1選項A.students,arrivingB.wereextremelyfhriousC.almostthefooditemsD.haddoubledE.沒有問題11.填空題Ihave（1）goodnewsforyou:Johnhas（2）tobuyyouroldmotorcycle.12.單選題OrdinarilyProfessorLingisaperfectlyreasonableman,soIdon'tunderstandwhyheisbeingsostubborninthiscase.問題1選項A.aperfectlyB.Idon'tunderstandwhyC.isbeingD.inthiscaseE.沒有問題13.單選題Excuseme,butdon’tyouthinkthatit’sratheroddtogivesuchanelaboratewelcomespeechandthenturnaroundandtreatadelegatewithagoodquestionasifhewereanuisance?問題1選項A.Excuseme,butB.thinkthatit’sratheroddC.thenturnaroundandtreatD.asifhewereanuisance?E.沒有問題14.填空題A:Ihaveaballetticketforthisevening.B:（1）

dowe!Why（2）weallgotogether?A:That’sagood（3）.Thatwaywecansharea（4）andsaveabitofmoney.B:When（5）wemeet?A:Let’ssayat6:30in（6）ofBuilding5.B:Fine.I’llseeyouthereat6:30.15.單選題Theborderguardsmadeustogetoutofthecarwhiletheycheckeditfordrugs,weaponsandotherforbiddenitems.問題1選項A.borderguardsmadeustoB.getoutofthecarC.whiletheycheckeditfordrugsD.otherforbiddenitemsE.沒有問題16.填空題Ihaveno（1）wholivesinthatgreythree-storyhouse（2）theroad.Iseelightsoninthewindowsmostevenings,butIhaveneversee（3）goinginorout.17.單選題1.InrecentmonthsmanyaggrievedpartiesinFrancehavetakentothebarricadestoprotestreformsintendedtomakethecountry’seconomymorecompetitive;perhapsmostunlikelyofthesewerethe“notaries”.Thisspecialclassoflawyers,whooverseemostcommercialtransactionsandmaintainofficialregistersofproperty,wereobjectingtosomemodestpruningofthethicketofregulationsurroundingtheirjob.InItalytoothegovernmenthasprovokedoutragebyattemptingtotrimtherulesoftheprofession.TherowaboutevenminorchangestoahighlyprotectedbusinessshowswhystructuralreformissoslowinsomeofEurope'sbiggesteconomies.2.InAmericathemainjobofnotariesistocertifydocuments,mundaneworkthatrequiresfewqualifications.InFranceandItaly,however,asinmuchofcontinentalEurope,valuableassets(houses,companies,sharesandsoon)cannotchangehandswithoutanotary’sapproval.Entrytotheprofessionisbyarigorousexam-Thenumberofnotariesisrestricted,asistheregioninwhichtheycanwork;someoftheirfeesarefixedtoo.3.InFrancetherearealsorulesaboutwhocanownnotaryfirms(notaries,ofcourse)andwhoelsecanworkinthem(notlawyers,accountantsorotherprofessionals).Aptly,afirmofnotariescanonlychangehandswiththeapprovaloftheprofessionalassociationthatallnotariesbelongto.InGermany,notariesmustreadalldocumentsaloudinfrontofthepartiesconcernedbeforesigningthem,tyingthemupwithstringandsealingthemwithredwax.(Oncehome,theyapplyleechesandreadbycandlelight.)4.Alltheseregulationsaddtocostsandshelternotariesfromcompetition,makingtheprofessionverylucrative.In2010theaverageself-employedFrenchnotaryearned€190,812($265,309).InItaly,thefigurein2013was€210,400.TheaverageprofitmarginofFrenchnotariesin2010was35%.Thesecostsarebome,naturally,bythosebuyingandsellingassets,particularlyhousing.TheOECD,aclubmostlyofrichcountriesfoundin2009thatlegalfeesadded1%tothebillforbuyingahomeinFranceand2%inItaly,comparedtojust0.25%inBritain.Between1981and2011,asFrenchpropertypricessurged,feespaidonhousingtransactions,whichaccountforhalfofnotaries’revenues,roseby68%.Thatwasdespitetheincreaseduseoftechnology,whichhashelpedtodrivedownnotaries'costs.5.TheFrenchreformpavesthewayforanincreaseinthenumberofnotariesincertainpartsofFrance.Italsomakestheirfeesmoretransparent.Betteryet,notarieswillbeallowedtoopenpracticeswithaccountantsandlawyersinabidtoprovideaone-stop-shopforclients,whichshouldhelptolowertransactioncosts.ButthelawthatincludedthesemeasureswassocontroversialthatthegovernmentdidnotriskputtingittoavoteintheNationalAssembly;instead,itpusheditthroughbydecree.6.InItaly,successivegovernmentshavechippedawayatnotaries’privileges.Since2006,forexample,ithasbeenpossibletobuyausedcarwithoutrecoursetoone.In2012thegovernmentofthedayabolishedfixedminimumfees.This,plusaslumpintransactions,hascuttheirearnings:in2008theiraverageincomewas€440,800.Thecurrentgovernmentwantstogofurther,allowingnotariestopracticeanywhereinItalyratherthaninadesignatedregion.Italsohopestoabolishthearrangementwherebynotariespooltheirincometoensureaminimumforeveryone---asystemthatdampenstheincentivetocompete.Moredramatically,itwouldpermitmerelawyerstosignoffoncertaintransactionsthatarecurrentlytheexclusivepreserveofnotaries,suchasthesaleofnon-residentialpropertiesworthlessthan€1000,000andtheregistrationofparticulartypesofcompanies.7.Notariesarguethatallowingtransactionstotakeplacewithouttheiroversightwillincreasetheriskoffraud.TheWorldBank,afterall,considersItaly'ssystemofpropertyregistrationsuperiortoBritain'sorGermany’s.Itisaterribleplacetoenforcecontractsincourt,however,aswouldbenecessaryiflawyerstookoverfromnotaries."Inacountryinwhichtherearesomanythingstochange,"saysElianaMarandi,anItaliannotarywhohasalsoworkedinAmerican/‘itisirrationaltostartwiththeonethingthatworks.”8.Buttherearegoodreasonstofretabouthightransactioncosts.AnOECDstudypublishedin2011foundthathighlegalfeesonhomepurchasesactedasasignificantdisincentivetomoving.Thereportsuggestedthatevensmallreductionsinsuchcostswouldencouragegreatermobility,whichmighthelpthejoblesstofindwork.Withunemploymentat10.2%inFranceand12.6%inItaly,thatsoundslikeareformeveryoneshouldsupport.1.Theauthorofthisarticle,commentingontherecentpoliticalactivityofFenchnotaries,（

）2.Ifweaccepttheinformationinthearticle,thenwemustconcludethat（

）3.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthetraditionalrulesgoverningtheworkofEuropeannotaries（

）4.Thedatainthearticle（

）5.The"one-stopshop”mentionedinparagraph5（

）6.ThearticlementionsunemploymentfiguresinFranceandItaly（

）7.ABritishreaderofthisarticlewouldbelikelyto（

）問題1選項A.isnotsurprisedthattheywouldjoinotherprofessionalgroupssupporrtingeconomicreforms.B.isnotsurprisedthattheywouldworkwithothergroupstoopposeeconomicreforms.C.isclearlyastonishedthatsuchpeoplearerefusingtosupporttheeconomicreformsthattheauthorregardsasnecessaryforFrance.D.seemsmildlysurprisedatfirstthattheywouldbecomeinvolvedinthissortofpublicoppositiontoeconomicreforms.問題2選項A.AmericanandGermannotarieshavesimilarrolesthatdistinguishthemsharplyfromFrenchandItaliannotaries.B.notariesinallthecountriesmentionedperformthesamejobsandfulfillthesamefunctions.C.notariesintheUShaveamuchmorelimitedrangeoffunctionsthandonotariesinofwesternEurope.D.FrenchandItaliannotariesaremuchmoreuptodatethantheircounterpartselsewhere問題3選項A.isscepticalbutatthesametimeamusedorhumorous.B.issharplycritical,evenangryC.islargelyapprovingD.isimpartial;theauthordoesnottakesidesinthesequarrelsoverreform問題4選項A.indicatethattheaverageEuropeannotaryhasamodestincome,thoughsomeearnhugesums.B.showthatFrenchandItaliannotariesmakealotofmoney,thoughlessthantheydidafewyearsago.C.areinsufficienttoshowanythingveryclearabouttheaverageincomeofFrenchorItaliannotaries.D.showwhynotariescontributesogreatlytothegrowthofEuropeaneconomies.問題5選項A.meansaplacewhereclientscanobtainalltheinformationtheyneedabouttheservicesprovidedbynotaries.B.meansthenewarrangementsinFrancethatrequirenotariesandlawyerstoworktogether.C.referstothefactthatallofthereformsaffectingnotarieswereincludedinasinglecomprehensiveactoftheFrenchNationalAssembly.D.referstojointoperationsbynotariesandlawyerspermittedundernewFrenchlaws.問題6選項A.asbackgroundinformationunderliningtheurgencyofeffortstomakeitcheaperforpeoplewithoutjobstomovetonewlocations.B.tocriticizetheselfishnessofwell-paidlawyersandnotariesinthosecountries.C.tosupporttheclaimthatloweringthecostofcommercialtransactionswilldamagetheeconomiesofthesetwonations.D.toshowthatprogresshasbeenmaderecentlyinreducingthenumberofjoblesspeople.問題7選項A.favortheimmediateintroductionofreformsbringingBritishnotaryarrangementsintoconformitywiththoseonthecontinent.B.feelupsetthatthelegalfeesinvolvedinbuyingahouseorflataresomuchgreaterintheUKthaninItalyorFrance.C.approveofdecreasingthehighlegalfeesonhomepurchasesinBritainandotherEuropeancountries.D.rejectproposalstorevisetherulesonpropertysalesalongAmericanlines.18.填空題5.A:Look!Thewindowis（1）.Becareful（2）thepiecesofglassonthefloor.They’re（3）.B:Johnsayssomeone（4）arockthroughthewindowthismorning.Noonehasany（5）whoitwas.19.單選題Althoughtherehasbeenagreatdealofconstructionattheuniversityinthelastfewyears,butthecampusstillfeelsfairlyopenanduncluttered.問題1選項A.therehasbeenB.attheuniversityinthelastC.buttheD.feelsfairlyopenandunclutteredE.沒有問題20.填空題MrAmescan’tcometothephone.He’stalkingtoaclientatthe（1）.Couldyoucall（2）

（3）twentyminutes?第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:D第4題:C第5題:A第6題:C第7題:B第8題:A【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:112個月前，露露檸檬公司還是世界上炙手可熱的品牌之一。它的昂貴的瑜咖裝備的銷量激增,但是之后消費(fèi)者們開始抱怨容易起球的布料，會褪色的染料，以及最顯著的瑜伽褲子實(shí)在太薄了，以至于當(dāng)你彎腰時褲子實(shí)際上就變得透明。露露檸檬公司的創(chuàng)始人的言論使得情況雪上加霜，他暗指一些女性是因?yàn)樘?，才穿不下公司的衣服。由此推測D項正確。2.詞義題。第一段最后一句中的“deceleratemeaningfully.”最可能指代“公司的銷售減速”，由此它的反義詞是“加速”。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Butbrandshaveneverbeenmorefragile.但是品牌從未像如今這般脆弱不堪”及第三句“Thereasonissimple:consumersaresupremelywellinformedandfarmorelikelytoinvestigatetherealvalueofproductsthantorelyonlogos.理由很簡單：現(xiàn)在的消費(fèi)者消息非常靈通，與其依賴品牌形象，更愿意去調(diào)查產(chǎn)品的真實(shí)價值”知D項“暗示這種觀念正在漸漸過時"正確。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段:Whenconsumershadtorelyonadvertisementsandtheirpastexperiencewithacompany,brandsservedasproxiesforquality(當(dāng)消費(fèi)者不得不依賴廣告以及他們在該公司的購物體驗(yàn)時，品牌起到了產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量代言人的作用),以及后面指出:...sobrandloyaltywasawayofreducingrisk.所以品牌忠誠度是一個降低風(fēng)險的方式,由此可知知C項“經(jīng)驗(yàn)教會他們信任品牌，以減少犯代價昂貴的錯誤的可能性”正確。5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Butwhathasreallyweakenedthepowerofbrandsistheinternet,whichhasgivenordinaryconsumerseasyaccesstoexpertreviews,userreviewsanddetailedproductdata,inanarrayofcategories(然而真正削弱了品牌力量的是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)使得普通消費(fèi)者也可以很容易地獲取分門別類的專業(yè)評價、用戶評價，以及詳細(xì)的產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)),以及后面:Theriseofsocialmediahasacceleratedthetrendtoanastonishingdegree:...(社交媒體的出現(xiàn)己在一個令人驚訝的程度上假設(shè)了這種趨勢（即削弱了品牌力量的趨勢)，由此可知A項“已成為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)削弱品牌忠誠度的一個主要因素”正確。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第六句“Andthishasmadecustomerloyaltyprettymuchathingofthepast.這導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者忠誠度的講法成為過去”及第五段中“Thisisn'ttrueacrosstheboard:brandsretainvaluewherethebrandassociationisintegraltotheexperienceofaproduct（Coca-Cola,say）,這并非一概而論：品牌保留價值，因?yàn)槠放坡?lián)想是產(chǎn)品體驗(yàn)不可或缺的一部分(如可口可樂)”知C項“在品牌作為營銷工具的未來價值上貌似存在持續(xù)的爭議”正確。7.推理判斷題。由第五段中“Thisisn’ttrueacrosstheboard:brandsretainvaluewherethebrandassociationisintegraltotheexperienceofaproduct（Coca-Cola,say）這并非一概而論：品牌保留價值，因?yàn)槠放坡?lián)想是產(chǎn)品體驗(yàn)不可或缺的一部分(如可口可樂)”知A項“暗示互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，尤其是社交媒體的出現(xiàn)使基于品牌的商業(yè)失敗”的說法過于絕對；第五段:Forestablishedbrandsthisisanightmare.Youcannevercoastonpastperformance...(對已確定的品牌而言，這是一個噩夢，你決不能不費(fèi)力氣或沒有麻煩地依靠你之前的功績),由此可知C項“認(rèn)為他例舉的趨勢將讓大企業(yè)更容易繼續(xù)去支配消費(fèi)者市場”不正確。D項“認(rèn)為企業(yè)將能利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)去設(shè)計更能有效地反應(yīng)消費(fèi)者喜好的產(chǎn)品”在文中沒有提及。第六段:Forconsumersthisisideal:theyaremakingbetterchoices,andheightenedcompetitionhasraisedqualityandhelddownprices(對消費(fèi)者而言，他們在在做更好的選擇，提高的競爭提升了產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量且也降低了產(chǎn)品價格)?？芍狟“認(rèn)為消費(fèi)者通過大量獲取互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的產(chǎn)品信息而正受到得到更好的服務(wù)”正確。8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“AndtheKoreancarmakerHyundaihasgonefrombeingajoketosellingfourmillioncarsayear.而且，韓國汽車生產(chǎn)者現(xiàn)代集團(tuán)己從一個笑話變成一個每年銷售四百萬汽車的企業(yè)”知A項“曾經(jīng)聲譽(yù)不好，但現(xiàn)在在它的行業(yè)卻獲得了成功”正確。2.【答案】distance;average;needs;soon;gradually【解析】1.語義題。句意:北京和天津的距離是120公里。因此第一空填distance。2.固定搭配。onaverage平均,大體。3.語義題。句意:一般來說，城際高速列車需要（花費(fèi)）30分鐘時間將乘客從一個城市運(yùn)到另一個城市。第三空需要填謂語動詞表示“花費(fèi),需要”。4.語義題。此空后面有動詞grow，因此此空為一個副詞修飾grow，gradually符合句意。3.【答案】1.trouble2.from3.broken4.had5.repair6.already7.breakdown【解析】1.固定搭配。Havetroublewith…有故障。2.固定搭配。importedfrom從…進(jìn)口。3.固定搭配。breakdown損壞，分解，發(fā)生故障，分詞為brokendown。4.固定搭配。Haveto不得不。have后加動詞過去分詞表完成時態(tài)，故這里應(yīng)填had。5.語義題。修理用repair。6.語義題。Havealready已經(jīng)。7.語義題。haveabreakdown損壞,出故障。4.【答案】E5.【答案】1.gress14.from【解析】1.固定搭配。Hearstoryabout聽關(guān)于…的故事。而且這里應(yīng)該用過去式。2.固定搭配。beirrelevanttosth.與某事無關(guān)。3.語義題。句意:在這方面，我和今天的許多學(xué)生很相似。4.語義題。句意:我意識到這些故事是多么準(zhǔn)確。5.固定搭配。Loseopportunities失去機(jī)會。這里應(yīng)該用過去式。6.邏輯分析?？崭袂昂缶渥訛橐蚬P(guān)系:英語不好，我失去了很多機(jī)會。因此,我決定糾正之前的錯誤。7.固定搭配。getatutor請家教。這里應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)。8.固定搭配。Forthefirsttime第一次。9.固定搭配。turnouttobe結(jié)果是,證明是。10.語義題。句意:我曾經(jīng)做的最好決定之一。11.語義題。句意:在我改變對英語的態(tài)度后。12.固定搭配。asaresult結(jié)果。13.固定搭配。Makeprogressin在…方面取得巨大進(jìn)步。14.固定搭配。benefitfromsth.受益于…。6.【答案】C【解析】固定短語誤用。applyto改為applyfor。applyto適用于…，應(yīng)用于…。applyfor申請,請求。題干意思事"申請中國科學(xué)院的研究生”，故需要改為applyfor。7.【答案】permission【解析】固定搭配。Getpermissionto獲得權(quán)限。8.【答案】1.job2.whether3.were4.change5.thought6.used7.According8.cause9.salary10.better11.more【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)上下文推測此處填job。Quitone’sjob辭職。2.固定搭配。Whetherornot是否。3.語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)If以及主句中動詞時態(tài)“would/shouldtell”可知,此處是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣。而且,根據(jù)today判斷,這是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬,故填4.詞匯題。句意:但是，要是我改變主意了呢？5.詞匯題。句意:我覺得你已經(jīng)做好了決定。再根據(jù)后面的you’dmade判斷此處為think的過去式thought。6.詞匯題。此處為定語從句修飾someone。此處的someone指在這個公司工作或曾經(jīng)工作過的人,所以此處填used，與后面的to搭配表示“曾經(jīng)”。7.固定搭配。Accordingto根據(jù)…。8.詞匯題。句意:他有說不滿的原因是什么嗎？9.詞匯題。根據(jù)語境推測此處填salary(工資,薪水)。10.固定搭配。You’dbetter你最好是…。11.詞匯題。A希望B能在接受新公司邀請之前和目前或之前的員工談?wù)?。此句已?jīng)完整,因此應(yīng)填入程度副詞，故填more，即多了解情況。9.【答案】D【解析】動詞誤用。由前面的關(guān)鍵詞“IoMr.Kang’shands”知這里的sending(派遣,打發(fā),發(fā)送)應(yīng)該改為giving(贈送;贈與;送給)更符合語境。10.【答案】B【解析】副詞多余。去除extremely。由furious的英文釋義“markedbyextremeandviolentenergyorextremeanger”知它已經(jīng)含有extremely“極其；非?！钡囊馑?，故B項這里的“extremely”屬于重復(fù)，應(yīng)該去除。11.【答案】1.some2.decided【解析】1.語義題。句意:告訴你一些好消息。2.固定搭配。Decidetodo決定…。12.【答案】E13.【答案】E14.【答案】1.so2.don’t3.idea4.taxi4.shall6.front【解析】1.語法題。考查倒裝。這里表示“我們也有”。2.語法題。考查否定疑問。這里是否定疑問句表示肯定。3.固定搭配。Agoodidea好主意。4.語義題。由后面的saveabitofmoney推測這里表示“我們可以一起打的”。5.語義題。句意:我們什么時候見面？6.固定搭配。infrontof在…前面。15.【答案】A【解析】介詞誤用。去掉to。make“使得；進(jìn)行”為使役動詞,后面一般跟動詞原形。16.【答案】1.idea;2.across;3.anyone【解析】1.固定搭配。第一空是固定用法havenoidea不知道。2.介詞辨析。第二空應(yīng)填入介詞,后面說Iseelights