B7M2名詞從句訓(xùn)練

名詞性從句

NounClauses1主從復(fù)合句（ComplexSentences）一、從句的種類（3）：1、名詞性從句（NounClauses）主語(yǔ)從句（SubjectClauses）表語(yǔ)從句（PredicativeClauses）賓語(yǔ)從句（ObjectClauses）同位語(yǔ)從句（AppositiveClauses）2、定語(yǔ)從句（AttributiveClauses）3、狀語(yǔ)從句（AdverbialClauses）二.常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞（5種）1、從屬連詞

that（無(wú)詞義）；whether是否；if假如，是否although(though)雖然；when；before；after；whilebecause因?yàn)?；since既然，自從；as正如，盡管，一邊，由于；assoonas一…就；aslongas只要；asif好像2、連接代詞

who,whom,which,what,whose3、連接副詞

when,where,why,how4、關(guān)系代詞

who,whom,whose,which,that5、關(guān)系副詞

when,where,why

Thathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.

他來(lái)幫助你是確實(shí)無(wú)疑的。

Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.

Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.

WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.

翻譯下列句子并說(shuō)出是什么從句Theproblemis(that)theycan’tgethereearlyenough

Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.

看起來(lái)天要下雨。

Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.

Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.

那就是他為什么不到會(huì)的原因。That’sjustwhatIwant.

這正是我想要的。ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能瑪麗生病了。Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.

Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.

Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.

他不在乎天氣是否好。

Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.

Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.

I．語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題

1.Thephotographswillshowyou____.（MET89）

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike

2.Heasked____

foraviolin．（MET92）

A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid

規(guī)律一：名詞性從句在句中要用陳述語(yǔ)序

II．引導(dǎo)詞的選擇

1.____

wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____

wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,that

D.That,what2.Itworriedherabit

____herhairwasturninggrey.A．whileB．thatC．if

D．for3.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．A．whenB．howC．whetherD．why4．

madetheschoolproudwas

morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A．What…because B．What…thatC．That…what D．That…because規(guī)律二：1.從句是陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，不含有疑問(wèn)意義。由that引導(dǎo)且that連詞在從句中不作成分2.從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，含有疑問(wèn)意義的。由whether，if引導(dǎo)3.從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，含有疑問(wèn)意義的。由wh-連詞引導(dǎo)且wh-連詞在從句中作成分。連接代詞what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，連接副詞where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。①whether和if在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)連接詞一般用whether。如：Italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback.

規(guī)律三：

whether和if的區(qū)別：②后面直接跟ornot時(shí)用whether。如：Ididn’tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinWuhan.③主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether。如：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.Thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney.④whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，用以說(shuō)明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，if不能。如：Weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot.⑤whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。如：Thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant.Ihavenotdecidedwhether

togoornot.⑥whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示“不管”、“無(wú)論”，而if不能，但可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示“如果”如：Whetherhecomesornot,wewillbeginourpartyontime.IfIhavetimetomorrow,I’llgotovisitTom.1.主語(yǔ)從句可以用it（作形式主語(yǔ)）來(lái)替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)。(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/surprisingthat…（B）Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonderthat...（C）Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat…（D）Itseems/happensthat…如：ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup.2.賓語(yǔ)從句可以用it（作形式賓語(yǔ)）來(lái)替換的句型為：主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋it＋Adj/N＋從句如：

Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting．1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof____sharesherinterests.A.anyone

B.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.____muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter

3.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild

____heorshewants.A.however

B.whateverC.whichever

D.wheneverHewillbelievewhateverotherssay.

（不能用nomatterwhat代替whatever）

Whateverotherssay,hewillbelieveit.（可以用nomatterwhat代替whatever）規(guī)律四：whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however等與nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow的區(qū)別:前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而nomatter加疑問(wèn)詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。規(guī)律五：注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用(1)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用。①“wish+賓語(yǔ)從句”表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是……就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could+動(dòng)詞原形”；表示過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had+過(guò)去分詞”或“could(should)+have+過(guò)去分詞”。如：Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動(dòng)詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist、request、command、order等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。如：Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedshe(should)beoperatedon.（2）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在同位語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用。作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advice、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoShanghaiiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.（3）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用。在主語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.注意：這種從句表示的是事實(shí)。如果說(shuō)人對(duì)這種事實(shí)表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語(yǔ)氣。如：Itispitythatyoucan’tswim.【專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練題】1．I

wonderhowmuch

．

A．costtheseshoes B．dotheseshoescost C．theseshoescost D．a(chǎn)retheseshoescost2．Nobodyknew

．

A．wherehecomes B．wherehewasfrom C．whereheisfrom D．wheredoeshecomefrom3．Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme

．

A．whenthesportsmeetwillbetakenplace．

B．whenwasthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld．

C．whenisthesportsmeettobegin．

D．whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace．

4．Computerscanonlygiveout_____

hasbeenstoredinthem. A．that B．which C．what D．a(chǎn)nything5．Shewantedtoknow

．

A．whetherIknewherandwheredidshework B．ifIknewherandthefactorysheworkedthere C．ifIknewherandthefactorywheresheworked

6．Myfriendwouldn’ttellme_____hisnewcar．A．howmuchhepaidfor B．howmuchdidhepayC．hepaidhowmuchfor D．didhepayhowmuch7．Asimpleexperimentshows_____airhassomestrength．

A．what B．that C．which D．who8．He

youarenotgoingabroad．

A．surprisedthat B.issurprisedthat C．surprisedat D.issurprisedwhether9．Fatherasked

．

A．whatwaswrongwithmeB．what’swrongwithme C．whatwrongwaswithmeD．whatwrongiswithme

10．Itdoesn’tmatter

Irestornot．

A．if B．whetherC．that D．when11．Thetroubleis

weareshortoftools．

A．what B．that C．how D．whythat 12．Thatis

thereappearsarainbowinthesky．

A．what B．when C．why D．however13．

Ican’tunderstandis______

hewantstochangehismind．

A．That,that B．Which,what C．What,what D．What,why14．Itispossible

hemisunderstood

Isaid．

A．that,that B．what,what C．what,that D．that,what

15．Thethought

hemightfailintheexamworriedhim．

A．which B．thatC．when D．/ 16．Thefact

heisanorphaniswellknown．

A．what B．that C．which D．/ 17．

Iwasfreethatevening

A．IthappenedtoB．IthappenedthatC．ThathappenedD．Itwashappenedthat

18．

Iwillacceptthegiftisnoneofyourbusiness．

A．If B．Whether C．What D．Which19

Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater．

A．Nomatterwhat B．NomatterwhateverC．Whatever D．That20．Healwaysthinks

hecandomoreforthepeople．

A．ofhow B．how C．ofthat D．why

21

inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarrivenextMonday．

A．Itsays B．Itissaid C．IthassaidD．Heissaid 22．Wethinkitimportant

collegeStudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage．A．which B．that C．what D．whether23．ComradeWangistogiveusatalkon__

hesawandheardinBritain．

A．what B．a(chǎn)llwhat C．that D．which 24．Thetownisnolonger

itwastenyearsago．

A．which B．that C．what D．when 25．

toldyouthatwaslying．

A．WhoB．whoever C．Anyone D．Theperson

26．Wordcame

Iwaswantedattheoffice．

A．which B．why C．that D．whether 27．

nothingtodowithus．

A．Whathedidis B．Whathehasdone C．WhatdidhedoD.Whathehasdonehas28．Theproblemis

willgo．

A．that B．thatwho C．who D．Whoever29．

thereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible．

A．How B．That C．Why D．Whether30．

wasawell-knownfact．

A．Thattheirteamwasweak B．Thattheirteambeingweak C．Theirteamwasweak D．Iftheirteamwasweak典型陷阱題

(6)1.Shewassoangryandspokesofastthatnoneofusunderstood_______hesaidmeant.

A.that

B.what

C.thatthat

D.whatwhat答案D.

whatwhathesaidmeant為賓語(yǔ)從句，而在此賓語(yǔ)從句中又包括有whathesaid這樣一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。

2.After_____hadhappenedhecouldnotcontinuetoworkthere.

A.which

B.how

C.what

D.having答案C

【分析】最佳答案選C.此題易誤選A，是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為介詞后應(yīng)接關(guān)系代詞which，但實(shí)際上，若填關(guān)系代詞，其前沒有先行詞這并不是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。另外，由于hadhappened缺主語(yǔ)，所以B和D也不能選

請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鱿旅嬉活}：

Hepointedto______lookedlikeatombandsaid,“Ghost.”

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.as（答案選B）3.“Is______youwanttosay？”

askedtheteacher.

A.this

B.that

C.allthat

D.thatall答案D.【分析】選D組成的句子是:Isthatallyouwanttosay？其中的that為句子主語(yǔ),all為句子表語(yǔ)，youwanttosay為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾all.

4.“When______leaveforJapan？”“When______leaveforJapaniskeptsecret.”

A.theywill,willthey

B.willthey,theywill

C.theywill,theywill

D.willthey,willthey

【分析】第一個(gè)when引出的是一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句，故用疑問(wèn)詞序；第二個(gè)when引出的是主語(yǔ)從句,故其后用陳述句詞序。答案B請(qǐng)做以下試題

（1）Noneknowsif_______thatboy,butif_______him,herparentswillbedisappointed.

A.shewillmarry,shewillmarry

B.shemarries,shemarries

C.shewillmarry,shemarries

D.shemarries,shewillmarry

（2）“Where_______gotowork？”“Where_______gotoworkisnotknown.”

A.weshall,weshall

B.shallwe,shallwe

C.shallwe,weshall

D.weshall,shallwe

(答案C)5.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

A.whoishe

B.whoheis

C.whoisit

D.whoitis

【分析】此題最佳答案為D.首先可以排除A和C，因?yàn)榭崭裉帉?shí)為一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，所以不能用疑問(wèn)句詞序。另一方面，按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，當(dāng)用于指代身份不明的人時(shí)，要用代詞it，而不用he或she等

比較以下兩句：

MrSmithisatthedoor.Hewantstoseeyou.

史密斯先生在門口，他想見你。

Someoneisatthedoor.Itmaybethepostman.有個(gè)人在門口，可能是郵遞員。

第一句因前面指明了是MrSmith，所以后面用代詞he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代詞someone，說(shuō)明此人身份尚不明確，故其后用了代詞it來(lái)指代。

6.Don’tyouknow,mydearfriend,__itisyourmoneynotyouthatsheloves？

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.what

【分析】答案應(yīng)選C.that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，用作動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)，它只是被句中的插入語(yǔ)mydearfriend隔開罷了

請(qǐng)做以下試題

（1）Everyoneknows,perhapsexceptyou,_______yourgirl-friendisacheat.

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.what

（2）Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,______shelikedme.

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.what

（3）Hetoldmethenews,believeitornot,_____hehadearned$1000inasingleday.

A.that

B.which

C.as

D.because（前面兩題答案均為C）：前面兩題that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，后面一題為A,that同位語(yǔ)從句（修飾thenews）。名詞性從句試題集錦1.Iaskher_______comewithme.ifshewill B.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._______hesaidistrue.WhatB.That C.Which D.Whether5.Togetthejobstarted,_______Ineedissomemoney.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_______fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.it'sD.that3.Canyoutellme________?whoisthatgentleman B.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanis D.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom_______.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein7.Canyoutellme_______therailwaystation?A.howIcangetto B.whatcanIgetto C.whereIcangotto D.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_______?A.whatishisname B.howishisname C.whathisnameis D.howhisnameis9._______youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.That B.What C.Which D.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall________.A.wherehehasgone B.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegone D.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_________dotohelpus.A.whatcanthey B.whattheycan C.howtheycan D.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_______.A.whatourvillagelookslike B.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklike D.howourvillagelookslike13.Canyoumakesure________thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadput B.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasput D.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure________inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklike D.whatlookmanlike15.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.If C.Whether D.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.It's________youleftit.A.there B.where C.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturninggray.A.while B.that C.if D.for18._______hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.What B.That C.Thefact D.Thematter19.—Doyouremember________he