2023年考研考博考博英語江西師范大學考試高頻考點參考題庫帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語江西師范大學考試高頻考點參考題庫帶答案（圖片大小可自由調整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題

Isthereanypossible______explanationforhisbadhealthsinceheseemstohavenoobviousdisease?問題1選項A.psychiatricB.psychologicalC.surgicalD.physical2.單選題Whenthestormbroke,theflockofsheepwere______inalldirections.問題1選項A.strayingB.dispersingC.separatingD.distributing3.單選題Expertsbelievethelargenumberofcancercasesintheareais______thenewnuclearpowerstation.問題1選項A.resultedfromB.concernedaboutC.relatedtoD.dependenton4.單選題Theteacherlaidalotof____onpractice.問題1選項A.attentionB.focusC.emphasisD.word5.翻譯題毛主席寫過：“多少事，從來急，天地轉，光陰迫。一萬年太久，只爭朝夕?！爆F在就是只爭朝夕的時候了，是我們兩國人民攀登那種可以締造一個新的、更美好的世界的偉大境界的高峰的時候了。本著這種精神，我請求諸位同我一起舉杯，為能夠導致全世界所有人民的友誼與和平的中國人民和美國人民之間的友誼，干杯。6.單選題Paulwasso______abouthisbaldnessthatheworeahat,whetheritwaswinterorsummer.問題1選項A.self-composedB.self-consciousC.self-confessedD.self-confident7.單選題Ausefuldefinitionofanairpollutantisacompoundaddeddirectlyorindirectlybyhumanstotheatmosphereinsuchquantitiesastoaffecthumans,animals,vegetations,ormaterialsadversely.Airpollutionrequiresaveryflexibledefinitionthatpermitscontinuouschange.WhenthefirstairpollutionlawswereestablishedinEnglandinthefourteenthcentury,airpollutantswerelimitedtocompoundsthatcouldbeseenorsmelled—afarcryfromtheextensivelistofharmfulsubstancesknowntoday.Astechnologyhasdevelopedandknowledgeofthehealthaspectsofvariouschemicalshasincreased,thelistofairpollutantshaslengthened.Inthefuture,evenwatervapormightbeconsideredanairpollutantundercertainconditions.Manyofthemoreimportantairpollutants,suchassulfuroxides,carbonmonoxide,andnitrogenoxides,arefoundinnature.AstheEarthdeveloped,theconcentrationsofthesepollutantswerealteredbyvariouschemicalreactions;theybecamecomponentsinbiogeochemicalcycle.Theseserveasanairpurificationschemebyallowingthecompoundstomovefromtheairtothewaterorsoilonaglobalbasis,nature’soutputofthesecompoundsdwarfsthatresultingfromhumanactivities.However,humanproductionusuallyoccursinalocalizedarea,suchasacity.Inthislocalizedregions,humanoutputmaybedominantandmaytemporarilyoverloadthenaturalpurificationschemeofthecycle.Theresultisanincreasedconcentrationofnoxiouschemicalsintheair.Theconcentrationsatwhichtheadverseeffectsappearwillbegreaterthantheconcentrationsthatthepollutantswouldhaveintheabsenceofhumanactivities.Theactualconcentrationneednotbelargeforasubstancetobeapollutant;infactthenumericalvaluetellsuslittleuntilweknowhowmuchofanincreasethisrepresentsovertheconcentrationthatwouldoccurnaturallyinthearea.Forexample,sulfurdioxidehasdetectablehealtheffectsat0.08partspermillion(ppm),whichisabout400timesitsnaturallevel.Carbonmonoxide,however,hasanaturallevelof0.1ppmandisnotusuallyapollutantuntilitslevelreachesabout15ppm.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?2.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat_____.3.Naturalpollutantscanplayanimportantroleincontrollingairpollutionforwhichofthefollowingreasons?4.Accordingtothepassage,thenumericalvalueoftheconcentrationlevelofasubstanceisonlyusefulif__________.5.Whichofthefollowingisbestsupportedbythepassage?問題1選項A.Theeconomicimpactofairpollution.B.Whatconstitutesanairpollutant.C.Howmuchharmairpollutantscancause.D.Theeffectsofcompoundsaddedtotheatmosphere.問題2選項A.watervaporisanairpollutantinlocalizedareasB.mostairpollutantstodaycanbeseenorsmelledC.thedefinitionofairpollutionwillcontinuetochangeD.asubstancebecomesanairpollutantonlyincities問題3選項A.Theyfunctionaspartofapurificationprocess.B.Theyoccuringreaterquantitiesthanotherpollutants.C.Theyarelessharmfultolivingbeingsthanareotherpollutants.D.TheyhaveexistedsincetheEarthdeveloped.問題4選項A.theothersubstancesintheareaareknownB.itisinalocalizedareaC.thenaturallyoccurringlevelisalsoknownD.itcanbecalculatedquickly問題5選項A.Toeffectivelycontrolpollutionlocalgovernmentsshouldregularlyreviewtheirairpollutionlaws.B.Oneofthemostimportantstepsinpreservingnaturallandsistobetterenforceairpollutionlaws.C.Scientistsshouldbeconsultedinordertoestablishuniformlimitsforallairpollutants.D.Humanactivitieshavebeeneffectiveinreducingairpollution.8.單選題Don’ttalk____youareeating.問題1選項A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas9.填空題Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetoaddaword,crossoutaword,orchangeaword.PutyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10%)e.g.1.Themeetingbegun2hoursago.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:begun—begane.g.2.Scarcelytheysettledthemselvesintheirseatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainswentup.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:(Scarcely)had(they)e.g.3.NeverwillInotdoitagain.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:not×36Manyartiststodayareinthatiscalledappliedart.37Theyusetheirabilityinadvertise,interiordecoration,orsomesimilarjob.38Butpeopleinbusinesswhichhiretheartistsforthatkindofworksaythatsimpleartisticabilityisnotenough.Therearelotsofyoungpeoplewhohavethat.39Butnotenoughofusknowanythingaboutphysics,ormechanicalthings,ormath.40Tobeadruggistyouhavetostudyaboutchemistry.Youcan’tlearnchemistrywithoutknowingsomethingaboutalgebra.Howaboutanurse?41Oneoftherequiredsubjectsinacourseofnursingisknowntomateriamedica.42Inmateriamedicayou’lllearntofiguredosesandpreparemedicines.Algebraisimportantindoingthefiguring.Toomanystudentnursesflunkoutofthecoursebecausetheirmathisweak.It’sthesamewithmanytrades.43Ifyouwanttobeadraftsman,amachinist,amolder,andapatternmaker,you’llneedalgebraandgeometryandeventrigonometry.44Asifyouwanttogointobusinessforyourself,you’llneedmath.45Businesstoday,whetherit’srunningalittlegasstationorabigfactory,takegoodmanagement.Goodmanagementtakesmathematics.10.單選題IfIseethetwinbrothersapartIdon’tknow______.問題1選項A.whoiswhoB.whoiswhomC.whichiswhichD.whoiswhich11.單選題WithfifteenyearsBritainandothernationsshouldbewellonwiththebuildingofhugeindustrialcomplexesfortherecyclingofwaste.Theword“rubbish”couldloseitsmeaningbecauseeverythingwhichgoesintothedumpswouldbemadeintosomethinguseful.Eventhemostdangerousandunpleasantwasteswouldprovideenergyifnothingelse.Thelatestprojectistotakeacityofaroundhalfamillioninhabitantsanddiscoverexactlywhatrawmaterialsgointoitandwhatgoout.Theaimistofindouthowmuchoftheserawmaterialscouldbeprovidedifaplantforrecyclingwastewerebuiltjustoutsidethecity.Thisplantwouldrecyclenotonlymetalsuchassteel,leadandcopper,butalsopaperandrubberaswell.Anothernewprojectisbeingsetuptodiscoverthebestwaysofsortingandseparatingtherubbish.Whenthisprojectiscomplete,therubbishwillbeprocessedlikethis:First,itwillpassthroughsharpmetalbarswhichwilltearopentheplasticbagsinwhichrubbishisusuallypacked;thenitwillpassthroughapowerfulfantoseparatethelightestelementsfromtheheavysolids;afterthatfoundersandrollerswillbreakupeverythingthatcanbebroken.Finally,therubbishwillpassundermagnets,whichwillremovethebitsofironandsteel;therubberandplasticwillthenbesortedoutinthefinalstage.Thefirstfull-scalegiantrecyclingplantsareperhapsfifteenyearsaway.Indeed,withthegrowingcostoftransportingrubbishtomoredistantdumps,somebigcitieswillbeforcedtobuildtheirownrecyclingplantsbeforelong.51.Thephrase“shouldbewellonwith...”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans______.52.WhatisNOTmentionedasapartoftherecyclingprocessdescribedinparagraph3?53.What’sthemainreasonforbigcitiestobuildtheirownrecyclingplants?54.Thefirstfull-scalehugerecyclingplants______.55.Thepassageismainlyabout______.問題1選項A.havecompletedwhatwasstartedB.getreadytostartC.haveachievedagreatdealinD.putanendto問題2選項A.Breakingupwhateverisbreakable.B.Sharpeningmetalbars.C.Separatinglightelementsfromtheheavyones.D.Sortingoutsmallpiecesofmetal.問題3選項A.Todealwithwastesinabetterway.B.Toprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.C.Togetrawmaterialslocally.D.Togetbigprofitsfromthoseplants.問題4選項A.begantooperatefifteenyearsagoB.willprobablytakelessthanfifteenyearstobuildC.willbebuiltfifteenyearslaterD.willprobablybeinoperationinfifteenyears問題5選項A.acheapwaytogetenergyB.thelocationofrecyclingplantsC.newwaysofrecyclingwastesD.theprobabilityofcityenvironment12.單選題Thenews,thoughnotwhollybad,wasso______thatIcouldnolongerconcentrateonmywork.問題1選項A.disturbingB.disastrousC.anxiousD.regretful13.單選題Oursisasocietythattriestokeeptheworldsharplydividedintomasculineandfeminine,notbecausethatisthewaytheworldis,butbecausethatisthewaywebelieveitshouldbe.Ittakesunwaveringbeliefandconsiderableefforttokeepthisdivision.Italsoleadsustomakesomefairlyfoolishjudgments,particularlyaboutlanguage.Becausewethinkthatlanguagealsoshouldbedividedintomasculineandfemininewehavebecomeveryskilledatignoringanythingthatwillnotfitourpreconceptions.Wewouldratherchangewhatwehearthanchangeourideasaboutthegenderdivisionoftheworld.Wewillcallassertivegirlsunfeminine,andsupportiveboyseffeminate,andtrytochangethemwhilestillretainingourstereotypesofmasculineandfemininetalk.Thisiswhysomeresearchonsexdifferencesandlanguagehasbeensointeresting.Itisanillustrationofhowwrongwecanbe.Ofthemanyinvestigatorswhosetouttofindthestereotypedsexdifferencesinlanguage,fewhavehadanypositiveresults.Itseemsthatourimagesofserioustaciturn(沉默的)malespeakersandgossipygarrulous(饒舌)femalespeakersarejustthat:images.Manymythsassociatedwithmasculineandfemininetalkhavehadtobediscardedasmoreresearchhasbeenundertaken.Iffemalesdousemoretrivialwordsthanmales,stoptalkinginmid-sentence,ortalkaboutthesamethingsoverandoveragain,theydonotdoitwheninvestigatorsarearound.Noneofthesecharacteristicsoffemalespeechhavebeenfound.Andevenwhensexdifferenceshavebeenfound,thequestionarisesastowhetherthedifferenceisintheeye-orear-ofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage.Pitchprovidesoneexample.Webelievethatmalesweremeanttotalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices.Wealsobelievethatlowpitchismoredesirable.Well,ithasbeenfoundthatthisdifferencecannotbeexplainedbyanatomy.Ifmalesdonotspeakinhighpitchedvoices,itisnotusuallybecausetheyareunabletodoso.Thereasonismorelikelytobethattherearepenalties.Maleswithhighpitchedvoicesareoftentheobjectofridicule.Butpitchisnotanabsolute,forwhatisconsideredtherightpitchformalesvariesfromcountrytocountry.1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.問題1選項A.assertiveB.snobbishC.approvingD.critical問題2選項A.Unfeminine.B.Powerful.C.Obedient.D.Unmasculine.問題3選項A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguageB.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoicesC.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustratedD.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage問題4選項A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.D.Noneoftheabove.問題5選項A.malesareunabletodosoB.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedatC.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeechD.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemales14.單選題Withhumanfootprintsonthemoon,radiotelescopeslisteningformessagesfromaliencreatures(whomayormaynotexist),technicianslookingforcelestialandplanetarysourcesofenergytosupportourcivilization,orbitingtelescopes’datahintingatplanetarysystemsaroundotherstars,andpoliticalgroupstryingtofigureouthowtosavehumanityfromnuclearwarfarethatwoulddamagelifeandclimateonaplanet-widescale,anastronomybookpublishedtodayentersaworlddifferentfromtheonethatgreetedbooksagenerationago.Astronomyhasbroadenedtoinvolveourbasiccircumstancesandourmysteriousfutureintheuniverse.Witheclipsesandspacemissionsbroadcastlive,andwithNASA,Europe,andtheUSSRplanningandbuildingpermanentspacestations,astronomyoffersadventureforallpeople,anoutwardexploratorythrustthatmayonedaybeseenasanalternativetomindlessconsumerism,ideologicalbickering(爭吵),andwarstocontroldwindlingresourcesonaclosed,finiteEarth.Today’sastronomystudentsnotonlyseekanup-to-datesummaryofastronomicalfacts;theyask,aspeoplehaveaskedforages,aboutourbasicrelationstotherestoftheuniverse.Theymaystudyastronomypartlytoseekpointsofcontactbetweenscienceandotherhumanendeavors:philosophy,history,politics,environmentalaction,eventheartsandreligion.Sciencefictionwritersandspecialeffectsartistsonrecentfilmshelptoday’sstudentsrealizethatunseenworldsofspacearerealplacesnotabstractconcepts.Today’sstudentsarecitizensofamorereal,vastercosmosthanconceptualizedbystudentsofadecadeago.Indesigningthisedition,theWadswortheditorsandIhavetriedtorespondtothesedevelopments.Ratherthanjumpingatthestartintomurkywatersofcosmology,Ihavebegunwiththeviewpointofancientpeopleonearthandworkedoutwardacrosstheuniverse.Thismethodoforganizationautomatically(ifloosely)reflectstheorderofhumanity’sdiscoveriesaboutastronomyandprovidesaunifyingthemeofincreasingdistanceandscale.6.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom______.7.Theauthor’spurposeinpresentingthefirstparagraphis______.8.TheauthorthinksthatthegrowinginterestinspaceexplorationamongpeopleonEarthwillprobablyleadto______.9.Theauthorbelievesthattoday’sastronomystudents_____.

10.Inthelastparagraph,theexpression“thesedevelopments”referstoallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.問題1選項A.anarticleofpopularscienceB.theintroductionofabookofastronomyC.alecturegivenbytheauthortoastronomystudentsD.theprefaceofapieceofsciencefiction問題2選項A.toexplainthebackgroundandnewfeaturesoftoday’sastronomyB.todiscussindetailthemostrecentachievementsinspaceresearchC.tointroducesomenewlyestablishedspacestationsD.toillustratethattheworldtodayisdifferentinmanyaspectsfromthatofagenerationago問題3選項A.allpeoplehavingchancesoftravelinginspaceB.therealizationofpermanentsettlementonotherplanetsC.moredisturbancenotonlyonEarthbutalsoinouterspaceD.order,harmonyandpeaceonourplanetearth問題4選項A.aremuchbrighterthanstudentsofagenerationagoB.nolongercareaboutastronomicalfactsC.arebetter-informedabouttheunseenworldsofspaceD.maylearnmoreaboutmanandhissearchinvariousfieldsthroughthestudyofastronomy問題5選項A.thedevelopmentofsciencefictionandspecialeffectsoffilmsB.thenewconceptsabouttheuniverseacquiredbytoday’sastronomystudentsC.theworld-wideinvolvementinspaceexplorationD.humanity’snewachievementsinthefieldofastronomy15.單選題Itisn’tworth____anylongerforhim.問題1選項A.towaitB.waitC.waitedD.waiting16.單選題Doyourememberlastsummer,whenfurioustravelerswerepoundingonCongresstodosomethingaboutairlinecustomerservice?Airlinespromisedtoimprove,andtheyadoptednewstandardsjustbeforeChristmas.Butasanothersummernears,plentyofexperiencedtravelersdon’tseemuchimprovementincustomerserviceoverall.Thismonth,theDepartmentofTransportation’s(DOT)inspectorgeneral’sofficewillissueitsfirstcriticalarticleonwhetherairlinesarehonoringtheirpromises.Onesurveysuggestsproblems:ThenumberofcomplaintstotheDOTaboutthetop10airlinesinthefirstquartersoared89%fromayearago.Hitlastsummerbypassengercomplaintsandthethreatofconsumer-protectionlawsbyCongress,14carriersvoluntarilyagreedtoadoptasetofbasiccustomer-servicestandardscalledCustomersFirst.Fromimmediaterefundstotruthfulreservationagentstotoiletsthatflushduringonboarddelays,the“12commitments”topassengerswereintroducedasamajorefforttoimproveservice.Sincethen,airlineshavebeenredesigningwebsites,retrainingemployeesandupgradingtechnology.Recently,DOTinspectorgeneralKennethMead,atMcCain’srequest,sent20examinerstoairportstodocumentwhethereachairlineisdoingwhatitpromised.Meadcautionstravelersshouldn’texpecttoomuch.Mostofthepromisesareaimedatbettercommunicationwithcustomers,notproblemsfreeflights.“Wethinkpassengers,bothbusinessandleisure,perceivetravelasmoreofaquarrelthesedays,”spokeswomanShellySassonsays.“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”“Andwhenimprovementsaremade,ittakesalongtimeforthemtobenoticed”,shesays.Now,theeffortsmaybeworking.Duringthefirstquarter,Deltahadthesecond-lowestrateofcomplaintsamongthetop10carriers.Still,itsrate,alongwithothercarriers,isupfromlastyear.McCainandotherlawmakerssaynewconsumerprotectionlawsaren’toutofthequestioniftheindustry’svoluntaryprogramdoesn’twork.56.Thepassagetellsusthat______.57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtothesentence“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”(Para.5)?59.Theauthorhaswrittenthelastparagraphmainlytomean______.60.Inparagraph1,thephrase“poundingon”means“______”.問題1選項A.passengercomplaintsincreasethoughairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairserviceB.passengercomplaintsdecreaseforairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairserviceC.airservicehasbeenimprovedgreatlythoughitishardtobenoticedbypassengersD.airserviceneedsimprovingbadlyastheresultsofpassengercomplaints問題2選項A.Governmenthassentofficialstocheckanyimprovementtheairserviceairlineshavemade.B.Somepeoplesuggestpassengersshowmoreunderstandingtoairlinesabouttheireffortstobetterairservice.C.Toimproveairservicedoesn’tmeanthattherewillnolongerbeanydeficienciesinairtraveling.D.Itisthoughtthatpassengersshouldbepatientwhentheyarewaitingforanyimprovementmadebyairlines.問題3選項A.Somepeople’scomplaintsaboutairservicearerathersubjective,butmostpeople’sarefairlyobjective.B.Whenpeopletravelbyair,theyusuallyquarrel,whichisafactpassengersallsee.C.Somepeopletakeabiasedviewonairservicebecausetheydon’tseefacts.D.Mostpeoplesawfacts,butafewpeoplefailed.問題4選項A.therateofcomplaintsisgoingupinallairlinesinspiteoftheeffortstheymadeB.improvementssomeairlineshavemadearenoteffective,whichleadstomorecomplaintsC.theremaybeaneedtopasslawstoimproveairlinecustomers’serviceD.somepeoplearetooaggressivewhencomplainingaboutairservicethoughairlineshavemadegreateffortsonit問題5選項A.strikingatB.urgingC.attackingD.soundingwithloudnoises17.單選題Theleaderwenthisownwayin______ofthepublicopinion,whicharousedgreatangeramongthepeople.問題1選項A.defianceB.reflectionC.obedienceD.upgrade18.單選題

Mr.Whiteisovereighty,buthestill______hispositionaschairmanoftheboardandwillnotretire.問題1選項A.goesinforB.getsonwithC.fallsbackonD.holdsonto19.填空題Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetoaddaword,crossoutaword,orchangeaword.PutyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10%)e.g.,1.Themeetingbegun2hoursago.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:begun—begane.g.,2.Scarcelytheysettledthemselvesintheirseatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainswentup.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:(Scarcely)had(they)e.g.,3.Neverwill1notdoitagain.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:not×StephenWilliamHawking,oneofthegreatesttheoreticalphysicistsintheworld,suffersfromarareslow-progressingformofamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS),alsoknownasmotorneurondisease.21.AsALShasmadeStephenWilliamHawkingavirtualprisonerinhisownbody,22.ithaslefthiscourageandhumorintact,hisintellectfreelytoroam.23.Androamitdoes,fromtheinfinitesimaltotheinfinite,fromthesubatomicrealmtothefarreachesofauniverse.Inthecourseofthesementalexpeditions,24.HawkinghasconceivedstartlingnewtheoriesaboutblackholesandthedisorderlyeventsthatimmediatelyfollowedtheBigBanginwhichtheuniversesprang.25.WithouthiswifeJane,Hawkinghasalwaysemphasized,hiscareermighteverhavesoared.26.ShemarriedhimshortlyafterhediagnosedwithALS,fullyawareofthedreadful,progressivenatureofthedisease,givinghimhopeandthewilltocarryonwithhisstudies.Theyhadthreechildrenintheearlystagesoftheirmarriage,andlater,27.ashebecameincreasinglydisabled,shedevotedherselftocareforhiseveryneed.28.Afteryearsofapparentlyharmoniousmarriage,therefore,seriousdisagreementsbeganappearing.AsawardspouredinforStephen,Jane—competentandintelligentherself—begantoresentlivinginhisshadow.Deeplyreligious,shewasalsooffendedbyhisdisbeliefoftheexistenceoftheGod.29.Particularlyannoyedtoherwashisconceptthattheuniversemightbecompletelyself-contained,havingnoboundaryoredge,nobeginningorend.Ifthatweretrue,heaskedchallengingly,“Whatplace,then,foracreator?”30.Still,friendswereshockedin1990whenHawkingabruptlyendedtheir25-yearmarriage,movinginwithoneofhisnurse.20.單選題

Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegreetowhichtheycanbe______controlledandmodified.問題1選項A.deliberatelyB.noticeablyC.delicatelyD.instinctively第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】【選項釋義】A.psychiatric精神病學的B.psychological心理的，心理學的C.surgical外科的，手術上的D.physical物理的，身體的【考查點】形容詞辨析。【解題思路】由原因狀語從句sinceheseemstohavenoobviousdisease（因為他似乎沒有什么明顯的疾?。┛芍瑳]有身體方面的疾病，那么推測，空格處表示“心理方面的原因”。因此，B項正確?！靖蓴_項排除】A、C、D選項都不符合句意?！揪湟狻克慕】禒顩r不佳有沒有可能的心理原因，因為他似乎沒有什么明顯的疾??？2.【答案】B【解析】【選項釋義】A.straying迷路，偏離B.dispersing分散，散開C.separating分離D.distributing分發(fā)，分配【考查點】固定用法。【解題思路】由空格后面的inalldirections可知，disperseinalldirections為固定用法，表示“紛紛四散”。因此，該題選擇B項正確?！靖蓴_項排除】A選項strayin（誤入，流浪到）、D選項distributein（分布在）不符合句子意思；C選項不與in搭配?！揪湟狻勘╋L雨來臨時，羊群紛紛四散了。3.【答案】C【解析】【選項釋義】A.resultedfrom起因于，由……引起B(yǎng).concernedabout關心C.relatedto與……有關D.dependenton依賴于，依靠【考查點】詞組辨析?！窘忸}思路】由thelargenumberofcancercases（大量的癌癥病例）與newnuclearpowerstation（新核電站）可知，它們兩個之間是“有聯系的”，而且berelatedto表示“與……有關”符合句意。因此，該題選擇C項正確。【干擾項排除】B、D選項不符合句意；A選項resultfrom本身就有被動的含義在里面，所以前面不需要be動詞，故排除?！揪湟狻繉＜艺J為該地區(qū)大量的癌癥病例與新核電站有關。4.【答案】C【解析】【選項釋義】A.attention注意B.focus關注C.emphasis強調D.word詞語【考查點】固定搭配【解題思路】結合選項推測，原句語義為“這個老師非常重視實踐”，原文使用的表達為laidalotof____on。C選項emphasis“強調”符合搭配要求，其常用搭配為put/lay/placeemphasisonsth.“強調/重視某事”。【干擾項排除】A選項attention“注意”，常用搭配為pay/draw/attractattentionto，不符合原句搭配；B選項focus“關注”，常用搭配為thefocusof/onsth.，不符合原句搭配；D選項word“詞語”，不用于原文搭配?！揪湟狻窟@個老師非常重視實踐。5.【答案】【參考譯文】ChairmanMAOhaswritten:“Somanydeedscryouttobedone,andalwaysurgently;theworldrollson,timepresses.Tenthousandyearsaretoolong;seizetheday,seizethehour!”Thisisthehour.Thisisthedayforourtwopeoplestorisetotheheightsofgreatnesswhichcanbuildanewandabetterworld.Inthatspirit,IaskallofyoutojoinmeinraisingyourglassestothefriendshipbetweentheChineseandAmericanpeoplethatcanleadtofriendshipandpeaceforallpeopleintheworld.6.【答案】B【解析】【選項釋義】A.self-composed鎮(zhèn)定的，沉著的B.self-conscious難為情的，自己意識到的C.self-confessed自動坦白的，公開承認的D.self-confident自信的【考查點】形容詞辨析?！窘忸}思路】由baldness（禿頂）可知，Paul對此是難為情的，所以self-conscious符合句意。因此，該題選擇B項正確?！靖蓴_項排除】A、C、D選項都不符合句意。【句意】保羅對自己的禿頂感到很難為情，無論是冬天還是夏天，他都戴帽子。7.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:A第4題:C第5題:D【解析】1.【選項釋義】1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?1.文章內容主要是什么？A.Theeconomicimpactofairpollution.A.空氣污染對經濟的影響。B.Whatconstitutesanairpollutant.B.什么構成了空氣污染物。C.Howmuchharmairpollutantscancause.C.空氣污染物能造成多大的影響。D.Theeffectsofcompoundsaddedtotheatmosphere.D.添加到大氣中的化合物的影響。【考查點】主旨大意題【解題思路】第一步，定位首尾兩段核心句，首段的中心句是第一段第二句話“空氣污染需要一個非常靈活的定義（definition），允許不斷變化?！弊詈笠欢蔚闹行木涫堑谌蔚谒木洹耙环N物質作為污染物的實際濃度不需要很大；事實上，如果我們不知道這個數值相對于該地區(qū)自然發(fā)生的濃度增加了多少，它就告訴不了我們什么?！庇纱丝芍恼率窃谟懻摽諝馕廴疚锏亩x是什么，作者認為空氣污染物沒有具體的定義，應該隨著實際情況來定義，所以答案應該選B選項“什么構成了空氣污染物”?！靖蓴_項排除】A選項“空氣污染對經濟的影響”，文中沒有提及經濟問題，屬于無中生有；C選項“空氣污染物能造成多大的影響”，文中沒有提空氣污染物的具體影響，只是講到空氣污染物這個詞怎么定義，這里屬于偷換概念；D選項“添加到大氣中的化合物的影響”，這個只是在第二段有提及，屬于以偏概全。2.【選項釋義】2.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat_____.2.從第一段可以推斷出_____。A.watervaporisanairpollutantinlocalizedareasA.水汽在局部地區(qū)是一種空氣污染物B.mostairpollutantstodaycanbeseenorsmelledB.現在大多數的空氣污染物都可以看見或聞到C.thedefinitionofairpollutionwillcontinuetochangeC.空氣污染的定義將繼續(xù)改變D.asubstancebecomesanairpollutantonlyincitiesD.一種物質只有在城市里才會成為空氣污染物【考查點】推理判斷題【解題思路】第一步，尋找句內線索，定位到第一段第二句，“空氣污染需要一個非常靈活的定義，允許不斷變化”。第二步尋找上下文線索，定位到文章第一段倒數第二句話“隨著技術的發(fā)展和對各種化學品健康方面的知識的增加，空氣污染物的清單也加長了”，綜上可以推測出，污染的定義會隨著各方面的知識增加而有所改變，所以C選項“空氣污染的定義將繼續(xù)改變”正確?！靖蓴_項排除】A選項“水汽在局部地區(qū)是一種空氣污染物”，定位到第一段第五句“將來，在某些條件下，甚至水蒸氣也可能（mightbe）被認為是空氣污染物?！?，這里只是作者的一種假設，是否成真還有待考察，這里屬于偷換概念；B選項“現在大多數的空氣污染物都可以看見或聞到”，定位到文章第一段第三句，“14世紀（inthefourteenthcentury），當第一部空氣污染法在英格蘭建立時，空氣污染物僅限于可以看到或聞到的化合物——這與今天已知的廣泛的有害物質清單相去太遠了”這是14世紀英國一項法律，現在法律已經改了，這里屬于反向干擾；D選項“一種物質只有在城市里才會成為空氣污染物”，定位到第二段最后一句“然而，人類生產通常發(fā)生在局部地區(qū)，如城市”，這里說的是污染物通常是人類生產活動產生，而人類生產活動通常出現在城市，不是說出現在城市的才是污染物，這里屬于偷換概念。3.【選項釋義】3.Naturalpollutantscanplayanimportantroleincontrollingairpollutionforw