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考點(diǎn)07情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課前熱身練〔2023·上海浦東新·統(tǒng)考三?!矰irections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.9:00A.M.,Saturday,November14ThemomentFatimaBennetthaddreamedofwasfinallyhere.Therefore,shecouldn’tbe1(happy).The4CChallenge(alsoknownastheClarkCountyCodingpetition)wastheeventoftheyear2targetparticipantswereSTEMmindedeighthgraderslikeFatimaandhertwobestfriends,JuliaSheenandFelipeAlvarez.Theirclassmateswerebusypostingpicturesonsocialmediaoftheirglorioussummervacationswhilethethreebestfriends,whocalled3TeamJavaTime,hadspentcountlesshoursstoryboarding,coding,andadjustingtheirprogram.Theirapp,RomeoandJulietRemixed,turnedthefamousplayintoamultiplayeradventurethatretoldthestory,4(integrate)Shakespeare’slanguagewiththerhymesofsongs.ThepletedappwasduebySeptember1,andtheteenshadworkedhardtogetitdone.5atanypointtheylostmomentum(動(dòng)力),theywerepushedbyweeklytextsfromNeilGreen,whohadtakenoverthepetitioncoordination(協(xié)調(diào))thisyear.Onthedaywhentheirapp6(submit)tothepetition’ssubmissionwebsite,Fatimasaid,“Aprizewouldbegreat,butweallknowtheverybestreward.〞Theteensshouted,“KJHS!〞Fatima,Julia,andFelipewereexcitedtoshowofftheirdigitalskillsinfrontoftheotherteamsofeighthgraders,buttheyweremostinterestedinthereward7(give)tothetopthreeteams:guaranteedadmissiontoKatherineJohnsonHighSchool,thecounty’sSTEMmagnetschool.Felipe,Fatima,andJulia,friendssincekindergarten,8barelycontaintheirexcitement.TheirdreamofgoingtoKJHStogetherwas9theirreach!Thatwas10Fatimadidn’tmindgettingoutofbedat8A.M.onthiscoldNovemberSaturdaytospendthedayatClarksvilleUniversity,thesiteoftheannualpetition.【答案】1.happier2.whose3.themselves4.integrating5.If6.wassubmitted7.given8.could9.within10.why【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了三個(gè)好伴侶Fatima,Julia,和Felipe樂(lè)觀參與編程競(jìng)賽,以獲得精英中學(xué)的入學(xué)資格。1.考查形容詞。句意:因此,她再快樂(lè)不過(guò)了。句型:can’tbe+形容詞比擬級(jí),意為“再……也不過(guò)分〞。故填happier。2.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:4C挑戰(zhàn)賽〔也被稱為克拉克縣編程競(jìng)賽〕是今年的活動(dòng),目標(biāo)參與者是有stem思維的八班級(jí)同學(xué),比方Fatima和她的兩個(gè)最好的伴侶JuliaSheen和FelipeAlvarez??疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,先行詞為“theevent〞,和“target〞之間為全部關(guān)系,用whose。故填whose。3.考查代詞。句意:同學(xué)們忙著在社交媒體上曬自己暑假的照片,而這三個(gè)自稱“Java時(shí)間團(tuán)隊(duì)〞的好伴侶花了很多個(gè)小時(shí)制作故事板、編碼和調(diào)整程序。指代主語(yǔ),用反身代詞;主語(yǔ)為who,指的是“thethreebestfriends〞,用themselves。故填themselves。4.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他們的應(yīng)用程序?羅密歐與朱麗葉混音版?將這部聞名的戲劇變成了一款多人冒險(xiǎn)嬉戲,將莎士比亞的語(yǔ)言與歌曲的押韻結(jié)合在一起,重新敘述了這個(gè)故事。這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),和主句主語(yǔ)“theirapp〞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用動(dòng)詞ving形式。故填integrating。5.考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意:假如在任何時(shí)候他們失去了動(dòng)力,他們就會(huì)受到NeilGreen每周發(fā)來(lái)的短信的推動(dòng),他今年接管了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)協(xié)調(diào)工作。這里為狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞,依據(jù)句意可知,空處指的是“假如〞,用if引導(dǎo);消失在句首,首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)f。6.考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:當(dāng)他們的應(yīng)用程序被提交到競(jìng)賽的提交網(wǎng)站時(shí),F(xiàn)atima說(shuō):“獲獎(jiǎng)當(dāng)然很好,但我們都知道最好的嘉獎(jiǎng)是什么。〞這里為從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“ontheday〞可知,從句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí);主語(yǔ)為theirapp,單數(shù),和動(dòng)詞submit之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wassubmitted。7.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:Fatima,Julia,和Felipe很興奮地在其他八班級(jí)同學(xué)面前展現(xiàn)他們的數(shù)字技能,但他們最感愛好的是給前三名的嘉獎(jiǎng):保證進(jìn)入凱瑟琳約翰遜高中,這是該縣的STEM精英中學(xué)。這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞“give〞和被修飾詞“thereward〞之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故填given。8.考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:Felipe,F(xiàn)atima,和Julia從幼兒園開頭就是伴侶,他們幾乎不能抑制自己的興奮。依據(jù)句意可知,三個(gè)好伴侶打算成功在望,所以不能抑制自己的興奮,用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could。故填could。9.考查介詞。句意:他們一起去KJHS的幻想就在眼前!固定短語(yǔ):withinone’sreach,意為“伸手可及〞。故填within。10.考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意:這就是為什么Fatima不介意在這個(gè)寒冷的11月周六早上8點(diǎn)起床,去克拉克斯維爾高校度過(guò)一天的緣由,那里是一年一度的競(jìng)賽的舉辦地。這里為表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞,依據(jù)句意可知,表語(yǔ)從句缺少緣由狀語(yǔ),用why引導(dǎo)。故填why。核心考點(diǎn)梳理〔一〕動(dòng)詞分類〔二〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞根本用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞根本用法例句can/could1、表示力量,可譯為“能,會(huì)〞。2、表示允許、許可,常用在口語(yǔ)中。could比can語(yǔ)氣上要客氣。3、表示驚異、疑心、不信任等態(tài)度,主要用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中。Thecinemacanseat1,000people.

Could/Canyoutellmehowtogettothezoo?Howcanyoubesocareless?

may/might在口語(yǔ)中可用can,could代替may,但在正式場(chǎng)合用may。表示允許時(shí),也可用might代替,might不表示過(guò)去時(shí),而是表示口氣比擬動(dòng)聽。1、表示懇求、許可,常譯為“可以〞。2、用于祈使句表示祝福。May/Can/Could/MightIhaveatalkwithyou?must/haveto1、must表示有做某一動(dòng)作的必要或義務(wù),強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法,可譯為“必需,應(yīng)當(dāng)〞。2、haveto表示因客觀需要促使主語(yǔ)不得不做某事。3、mustn't表示“禁止〞;don'thaveto意思是“沒有必要〞=don'tneedto。4、must可用來(lái)表示依據(jù)規(guī)律推理必定要發(fā)生的事,可譯為“必定會(huì),總是會(huì)〞。5、must有時(shí)可用來(lái)表示“偏偏〞的意思。Everyonemustobeytherule.

Myeyesightisverypoor.Ihavetowearglassesforreading.Youmustkeepitasecret.Youmustn'ttellanyone.

Youdon'thavetotellmethesecret.Truthmustbeout.WhenIwastakinganap,astudentmustknockatthedoor.

shall1、表示征詢意見或懇求指示,用于一、三人稱疑問(wèn)句。2、表示說(shuō)話人的意愿,有“命令、承諾、警告、威逼、決心〞等意思,用于其次、三人稱陳述句中。3、表示強(qiáng)制,用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中,意為“必需,應(yīng)當(dāng)〞。Shalltheywaitoutside?

Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.

〔警告〕Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.〔決心〕Theinterestshallbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.should1、表示義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)〞〔某件事宜于做〕。2、常與what,how,why等詞連用,表示意外、驚異等心情。3、表示對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)狀況的某種推想,可譯為“可能、照說(shuō)應(yīng)當(dāng)〞。4、表驚異、憂慮、惋惜等,意為“竟然〞Oneshouldn'tbeselfish.HowshouldIknow?Heshouldbetakingabathnow.It'sapitythatyoushouldbesocareless.oughtto1、表示義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)〞〔因責(zé)任、義務(wù)而該做〕,口氣比should稍重。2、表示推想,暗含很大的可能,可譯為“應(yīng)當(dāng)是,會(huì)是〞。Weoughttodefendourcountry.Pricesoughttoedownsoon.will1、表意愿,用于各種人稱陳述句。2、表懇求,用于疑問(wèn)句。3、表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。I

will

do

anything

for

you.Will

you

close

the

window?

It′s

a

bit

cold.

The

door

won′t

open.would1、表意愿。2、表委婉地提出懇求、建議或看法。3、表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向。

They

would

not

let

him

in

because

he

was

poorly

dressed.

Would

you

like

another

glass

of

beer?

Every

time

she

was

in

trouble,

she

would

go

to

him

for

help.

usedto1、表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或過(guò)去某時(shí)期的狀況,但現(xiàn)在已不存在。2、否認(rèn):usedn’tto/didn’tuseto。區(qū)分:usedto表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),強(qiáng)調(diào)“現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣了〞,而would只表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作,與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān),往往要帶有一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Heusedtodrinkteabutnowhedrinkscoffee.

Iusedn’ttogothere./Ididn’tusetogothere.Didyouusetogotothesameschoolasyourbrother?Usedyoutogotothesameschoolasyourbrother?Weusedtoplayhideandseekinthefields.

Wheneverwewereinthecountry,wewouldplayhideandseekinthefields.need1、作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:need表示“需要〞或“必需〞,僅用于否認(rèn)句或疑問(wèn)句中,在確定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,或should代替。needn'tdo2、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞:后面接不定式〔todo〕,有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。needtododon’tneedtodoYouneedn’tesoearly.Heneedstofinishitthisevening.Hedoesn’tneedtofinishitthisevening.dare1、作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否認(rèn)句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,一般不用于確定句。2、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞:在確定句中,dare后面通常接帶to的不定式;而在否認(rèn)和疑問(wèn)句中,dare后面的不定式可以不帶to。daretododon’tdare(to)doHedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?Yes,hedare./No,hedaren’t.HowdareyousayI’munfair.Ifyoudareehere,Iwilletomeetyou.〔三〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)例句mustdobedoinghavedoneHemustbeverylazyforhisdeskisveryuntidy.Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.may/mightmay/mightnotYourmathteachermay/might(not)beinhisoffice.Imighthavelostmywatchinthebathroom.can/couldcan/couldnotcan/could...?Johnwalkedpastmewithoutspeaking.Hecan't/couldn'thaveseenme.Hecannotbeathome.

Canthestorybetrue?/Wherecan(could)theyhavegone?can/could用于確定句中表示客觀的可能性Asweallknow,anexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.眾所周知,一位有閱歷的老師也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。You

mustn’t

smoke

while

you’re

walking

around

in

the

wood.

You

could

start

a

fire.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想的反意疑問(wèn)句情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想的反意疑問(wèn)句,以情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的時(shí)態(tài)為淮,如句子里有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),那么以其為準(zhǔn)。E.g.1.Youmustbehungrynow,aren’tyou?2.HemustbewatchingTV,isn’the?3Tommusthavelivedherforalongtime,hasn’the?4.Shemusthavearrivedyesterday,didn’tshe?〔四〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)所用句式意義例句should/oughttohavedone確定句、否認(rèn)句、疑問(wèn)句原來(lái)(不)應(yīng)當(dāng)Weshouldhavestudiedlastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.Theyshouldn'thaveleftsosoon.could/mighthavedone確定句原來(lái)能夠/可以Icouldhaverun100metersin12seconds.Youmighthavemadegreaterprogress.Butyoudidn’t.needhavedone否認(rèn)句本不必要Ineednothavegotupsoearly.〔五〕情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在if虛擬條件句中的運(yùn)用時(shí)間從句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If+主語(yǔ)+did主語(yǔ)+would/could/might/should+doIfwehadtimenow,wewouldreaditagain.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If+主語(yǔ)+haddone...,主語(yǔ)+would/could/might/should+havedoneIwouldhavehelpedyouifIhadknownofyourdifficulties.Without...,Butfor...,主語(yǔ)+would/could/might/should+havedoneWithoutyourhelp,wecouldnothavesucceeded.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反If+主語(yǔ)+did/shoulddo/weretodo主語(yǔ)+would/could/might/should+doIfitsnowed/shouldsnow/weretosnowtomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.當(dāng)堂學(xué)問(wèn)檢測(cè)1.Iwonderhowhe_______thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay2.IregretthatIwaitedinthequeueforalongtimetobuytheticketthismorning.I______itonline.A.couldbuyB.mustbuyC.couldhaveboughtD.musthavebought3.—IsawLilyintheteacher’sofficejustnow.—You_________her,shehasgonebackhome.A.mustnotseeB.mustn’thaveseenC.can’thaveseenD.couldn’tsee4.Jimsayswe______stayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.A.mustB.canC.needD.should5.Ihonestlydon'tthinkI'mgoingtobeadmitted.Well,youneverknow!You________abetterimpressionthanyouthink.A.mayhavemadeB.shouldhavemadeC.couldn'thavemadeD.needn'thavemade6.Iwonderwhywe________eatoutallthetimewhenwecancookourownmealsathome.A.mayB.wouldC.shouldD.must7.Wakingupsuddenly________leadtorapidheartrateandhighbloodpressure.A.mustB.wouldC.canD.shall8.—RealMadridissuretowinthematch!—It’shardtosay.Youknow,anything________happeneveninthelastminute.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can9.—Ididnotknowyouweregoodfriends.—You__________.Ihaveknownhersinceshemovedhere.Youwereabroadthen.A.mayhaveB.needn’thaveC.couldn’thaveD.musthave10.DuringourtriptotheGreatWalllastweek,Icouldn’tstopthinkingthatbuildingit________havebeenahugeprojectinancienttimes.A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.need11.(2018·天津)Ican'tfindmypurse.I___________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.couldhaveleft12.(2018·北京)Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforapany.A.needB.shouldC.canD.must13.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged14.—Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldstayforlunch.—Sorry,I.Ihaveanotherappointment.A.won’tB.shan’tC.can’tD.mustn’t15.—Susanlooksalittlebitupset.What’sup?—Oh,youaretoblame.You________ajokeonherinfrontofsomanypeople.A.shouldn’tplayB.shouldn’thaveplayedC.needn’tplayD.needn’thaveplayed16.We______eattoomuchroastfoodasitmaydoharmtoourhealth.A.wouldn’tB.needn’tC.hadbetternotD.mightnot17.—Willyoubefreethisweekend?—I’mnotsure,butI________gotoanartexhibitionwithmyparents.A.willB.shouldC.mustD.may18.—Ithinkyou________thereinperson;aphonecallwouldhavebeenfine.—Itisagoodchancetoknowmoreofyoufromyourparents.A.couldn’thavebeenB.needn’thavebeenC.wouldn’tbeD.shouldn’tbe19.—Excuseme,isthistherightwaytoDisneyland?—It________bebutI’mnotpletelysure.A.mustB.willC.shallD.might20.Ihopeweshall______andetounderstandoneanother.A.beafriendB.beingfriendsC.befriendsD.tobeafriend21.BecauseLincolnhadsolittleschooling,journaliststhoughthe________nothavebeenverysmart.A.mustB.shallC.couldD.would22.Ibelievehe________anaccident,otherwisehe________havearrivedontime.A.mighthave;wouldB.shouldhavehad;shouldC.couldhave;shouldD.musthavehad;would23.—IwonderwhyRoberthasn’tshownupattheinterviewyet.It’sapityifhemissed.—I’mnotsure,buthe________inatrafficjamridinghere.A.couldbestuckB.shouldbestuckC.musthavebeenstuckD.mighthavebeenstuck24.Mr.Baker,somestudentswanttoseeyou.________theyeinrightnow?A.MayB.ShouldC.ShallD.Will25.Therewasplentyoftime.She________.A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurried26.This___________animprovement,but“breakthrough〞wasanoverstatement.A.canhavebeenB.shouldhavebeenC.mayhavebeenD.needhavebeen27.Manyadultsreportthatevenwhenoutinnature,they________nottakethetimetoadmireaspectacularmountain________pullingouttheirsmartphonetotakeapicture.A.may…beforeB.may…afterC.should…beforeD.should…after28.WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,________mestoriesandsingsongsformetillIfellasleep.A.havingtoldB.tellC.tellingD.told29.Ihavebeenwritinganovelwhichisbasedonareallovestoryandit_________bereadyearlynextmonth.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.need30.—Whatdoesthenoticeoverthereread?—“Nomedia______covertheeventwithoutthepermissionoftheorganizingmittee.〞A.willB.mayC.shallD.must31.Itusedtobethatyou___driveformilesherewithoutseeinganotherperson,butnowtherearehousesandpeopleeverywhere.A.needB.shouldC.couldD.must32.Mary,Igotlost.Sorry,I________amapforyou.A.musthavedrawnB.shoulddrawC.coulddrawD.oughttohavedrawn33.Mykeyisn’tinmybackpack.Whereonearth________Ihaveputit?A.canB.wouldC.shouldD.must34.—Ididn’tpassthefinalexam.—Idon’tthinkit’ssurprising.You________onyourstudiesratherthanputergames.A.shouldfocusB.shouldhavefocusedC.mustfocusD.musthavefocused35.Harryisfeelingunfortable.He________toomuchatthepartylastnight.A.hastodrinkB.musthavedrunkC.couldbedrunkD.needstodrink36.Astherulesays,everystudentremainseateduntiltheirpapersarecollected.A.canB.mayC.shallD.will37.Someone____thetapon,forthewaterwasrunningoverandfloodingthebathroom.A.couldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.shouldhaveleft38.—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?—Iamafraidyou_______,incaseheeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can39.—Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh,it'stoobad.You________havemadefullpreparations.A.mustB.canC.wouldD.should40.I______haveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.A.mightn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t41.Istillfindithardtoimaginethatsuchacleverchild__________makesuchafoolishmistake.A.shallB.mustC.canD.should42.—_______youdisturbmenow?I’mbusypreparingareport.—Terriblysorry,butIhavesomethingurgenttotellyou.A.NeedB.ShouldC.MightD.Must43.—Didyouattendthemeetingfortheexperimentprojectyesterday?—Yes,butIdon’tthinkI____becausemydirectorwasthere.A.needtohaveB.needtoC.neededtoD.needhave44.Whenareyougoingtoreturnmynovel?Don’tworry.You____haveyourbooksoon,Ipromise.A.shallB.shouldC.mayD.must45.Thereareover50,000signsinmodernChinesebutluckily,Chinesechildren______learnallofthemforeverydaypurpose.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.won't46.—Can’tyoustayalittlelonger?—It’sgettinglate.Ireally_____gonow.Mydaughterishomealone.A.mayB.canC.mustD.dare47.—________Isaysomethingtoyou?Youwerereally,reallysomethingbackthere.Incredible!—Areyoutalkingtome?Whoa!A.MustB.CanC.NeedD.Should48.(2016·天津)Itwasreallyannoying;I________getaccesstothedatabankyouhadremended.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t49.______youkeepitasecretforthetimebeing?It’sjustbetweenus.A.MustB.CanC.ShouldD.May50.—WhatdoyouthinkofBetty?—Lovely,thoughshe______benaughtysometimes.A.shouldB.mustC.canD.need參考答案:1.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:我不知道他怎么敢對(duì)老師說(shuō)那種話。dare是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,它的過(guò)去式是dared,后接動(dòng)詞原形。dared作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),要用daretodosth.,行為動(dòng)詞有數(shù)的變化,這句話的主語(yǔ)是he,其謂語(yǔ)的正確形式應(yīng)當(dāng)是darestosay,因此D選項(xiàng)正確,應(yīng)選D。2.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:今日早上我排隊(duì)等了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才買下這張票,我感到很懊悔。我原來(lái)可以在網(wǎng)上買的。couldhavedone表示過(guò)去原來(lái)可以有時(shí)機(jī)選擇做某事,但實(shí)際上沒有那樣做,通常譯為“原來(lái)可以〞。應(yīng)選C?!军c(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone是我們要學(xué)習(xí)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中重要的一個(gè)語(yǔ)法工程,有一點(diǎn)是大家必需記住的,那就是——它肯定表示“過(guò)去的或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情〞。下面帶大家逐一總結(jié)一下其用法:1、musthavedone對(duì)過(guò)去的推想,“肯定已經(jīng),確定已經(jīng)…〞;2、can’t/couldn’thavedone對(duì)過(guò)去的推想,“不行能做過(guò)某事〞;3、can/couldsb.havedone...?對(duì)過(guò)去的推想,“某人可能做過(guò)某事嗎?〞4、may/mighthavedone對(duì)過(guò)去的推想,“或許已經(jīng),可能做過(guò)〞;5、needn’thavedone“不必做但是做了〞;6、couldhavedone(不是can)表示“原來(lái)可以做而未做〞;7、should/oughttohavedone表示“過(guò)去應(yīng)當(dāng)做卻沒有做〞,should/oughtnottohavedone表示“過(guò)去不該做但做了〞;8、wouldhavedone表示“本準(zhǔn)備做事實(shí)上未做〞。分析此題,抓住兩點(diǎn):第一、分析句意可知,此處的推想為對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推想,故用完成式,排解答案A、B;其次、再分析musthavedone和couldhavedone的區(qū)分,從而選擇出正確的答案。3.C【詳解】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:——我剛剛在老師辦公室觀察莉莉了?!悴恍心芤娺^(guò)她,她回家去了。A.mustnotsee不準(zhǔn)觀察;B.mustn’thaveseen不能看到;C.can’thaveseen不行能做過(guò)某事;D.couldn’tsee看不見。依據(jù)后文“shehasgonebackhome〞指不行能見過(guò)莉莉,應(yīng)用can’thavedone。應(yīng)選C。4.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:吉姆說(shuō)我們可以住在他的房子里,只要我們保持它潔凈潔凈。A.must必需;B.can能,可以;C.need需要;D.should應(yīng)當(dāng)。依據(jù)后面的“aslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy〞可知,Jim許可我們待在他的房子里,即:我們〞能,可以〞待在他的房子里。應(yīng)選B。5.A【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意:—狡猾說(shuō),我覺得我不會(huì)被錄用。—唉,誰(shuí)知道呢!你給人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.mayhavemade可能;B.shouldhavemade本應(yīng)當(dāng)做;C.couldn'thavemade不行能做;D.needn'thavemade本不必做。依據(jù)句意可知,此處表示的是有可能,應(yīng)選A。6.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:既然我們很簡(jiǎn)潔的在家燒飯,為什么偏要外去吃呢?A.may可能;B.would將要;C.should應(yīng)當(dāng);D.must偏偏,。分析句子可知,既然我們很簡(jiǎn)潔的在家燒飯,為什么偏要外去吃呢,應(yīng)選D。7.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:突然醒來(lái)會(huì)導(dǎo)致心率加快和高血壓。A.must肯定;B.would將會(huì);C.can可能;D.shall將要。此處表示推想,意為“能夠,可以〞應(yīng)用can,應(yīng)選C。8.D【詳解】考查推想句。句意:——RealMadrid肯定會(huì)贏得競(jìng)賽!——很難說(shuō),你知道,甚至在最終一秒任何事都有可能發(fā)生。A.need需要;B.must必需;C.should應(yīng)當(dāng);D.can可能。這里用can表示有客觀的可能性。應(yīng)選D。9.C【詳解】考查推想句。句意:——我不知道你們是好伴侶。——你不行能知道。自從那移居到這兒我就熟悉他。那時(shí)你在國(guó)外。依據(jù)句意可知,此處是對(duì)過(guò)去狀況的否認(rèn)推想,應(yīng)用couldn'thavedone“不行能做某事〞。應(yīng)選C。10.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:上周我們?nèi)ラL(zhǎng)城的時(shí)候,我始終在想,在古代修建長(zhǎng)城肯定是一項(xiàng)浩大的工程。A.should應(yīng)當(dāng);B.must必需;C.could可能;D.need需要。依據(jù)句意可知,表示對(duì)過(guò)去狀況確定猜猜想用musthavedone,意為“肯定是……〞。應(yīng)選B。11.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想。句意:我不能找到我的錢包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不確定。依據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知,是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推想,故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone,再依據(jù)后句butI’mnotsure.可知,此推想為不能確定的推想,故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could,表示“可能〞。應(yīng)選D。【點(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是每年高考的熱點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn)。此題抓住兩點(diǎn):第一、時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以推斷出是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推想,故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone;假如是對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的推想,才用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+v原形。其次、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選擇。must為確定推想,表示“肯定〞,could為不愿定推想,表示“可能〞,這樣就能選出正確答案。12.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:在今日的信息時(shí)代,數(shù)據(jù)的喪失有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)公司造成嚴(yán)峻的問(wèn)題。數(shù)據(jù)喪失造成嚴(yán)峻問(wèn)題是客觀上會(huì)發(fā)生的狀況,即“客觀可能性〞,故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。C選項(xiàng)正確。其余情態(tài)動(dòng)詞均沒有該用法。need需要;should應(yīng)當(dāng),竟然;must必需,確定。點(diǎn)睛:can的根本用法:1.(表示力量、功能)能,會(huì);2.(表示推想)可能,可能會(huì);3.〔表示允許,懇求〕可以;4.〔表示客觀可能性〕有時(shí)會(huì)。13.B【分析】,【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意:多謝你上個(gè)星期的努力。我覺得要是沒有你,我們不行能會(huì)成功的。依據(jù)句意可知,此處是對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生事情的推想,應(yīng)使用could/might/would/musthavedone。應(yīng)選B。14.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:——假如你能留下來(lái)吃午飯我將不勝感謝的。——很愧疚,我不能,我有一個(gè)約會(huì)。由“我有一個(gè)約會(huì)〞可知,不能留下來(lái)吃午飯,can’t表示不能,應(yīng)選C。15.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意:——Susan看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)懊喪。有什么事嗎?——都怪你,你本不應(yīng)當(dāng)在那么多人面前開她的玩笑。A.shouldn’tplay不應(yīng)當(dāng)開玩笑;B.shouldn’thaveplayed本不應(yīng)當(dāng)開玩笑;C.needn’tplay不需要開玩笑;D.needn’thaveplayed本不需要開玩笑。依據(jù)句意,Susan看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)懊喪,是由于自己已經(jīng)被開玩笑了,而句子的描述與客觀事實(shí)相反,故使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。shouldn’thavedone表示的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其意義是:本不應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事,但是事實(shí)卻做了?!伴_某人玩笑〞表示為playajokeonsb,結(jié)合句意。應(yīng)選B。16.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我們最好不要吃太多的燒烤食品,由于它可能對(duì)我們的健康有害。A.wouldn’t不會(huì),不愿;B.needn’t不需要,沒必要;C.hadbetternot最好不要;D.mightnot可能不。依據(jù)后半句“asitmaydoharmtoourhealth〞可知,太多燒烤食品不利健康,所以建議“最好不要〞吃太多。hadbetternot符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。17.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:——這個(gè)周末你有空嗎?——我不確定,但我可能會(huì)和父母一起去看藝術(shù)展。A.will將;B.should應(yīng)當(dāng);C.must必需;D.may可能。結(jié)合語(yǔ)意,后者說(shuō)自己不確定,所以空處應(yīng)用may表示可能性不大的推想。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。18.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的推想。句意:——我認(rèn)為你本不需要親自到場(chǎng),打個(gè)就可以了?!@是一個(gè)很好的時(shí)機(jī),可以從你父母那里了解你更多的狀況。A.couldn’thavebeen不行能;B.needn’thavebeen本不必;C.wouldn’tbe將不;D.shouldn’tbe不應(yīng)當(dāng)。結(jié)合句中“aphonecallwouldhavebeenfine.〞可知,本句表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事實(shí)的推想,此處指一個(gè)就可以解決的事情,不需要親自來(lái),然而你卻來(lái)了。所以此處應(yīng)用“本不必來(lái)的〞,應(yīng)選B。19.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意:——請(qǐng)問(wèn),這是去迪斯尼樂(lè)園的路嗎?——可能是,但我也不是特別確定。A.must必需,確定;B.will會(huì);C.shall將要,必需;D.might可能。依據(jù)“butI’mnotpletelysure〞可知,答復(fù)者不太確定,因此認(rèn)為這條可能是去迪斯尼的路。應(yīng)選D。20.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法和名詞的數(shù)。句意:我盼望我們能成為伴侶,相互了解。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall后接動(dòng)詞原形;主語(yǔ)是we,表語(yǔ)friend應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。綜上,應(yīng)選C。21.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:由于林肯沒有受過(guò)多少教育,記者們認(rèn)為他不行能很聰慧。A.must必需,肯定;B.shall將,應(yīng)當(dāng),可能;C.could可能,〔can的過(guò)去時(shí)形式〕;D.would將會(huì),過(guò)去經(jīng)常,〔will的過(guò)去時(shí)形式〕。結(jié)合句意可知,此處是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的否認(rèn)推想,應(yīng)用can/couldnothavedone。應(yīng)選C。22.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意:我信任他確定遇到意外大事了,否那么他會(huì)按時(shí)到的。第一空依據(jù)“otherwisehe________havearrivedontime〞可知,此處表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的確定推想,需用musthavedone這種形式;其次空,依據(jù)otherwise可知,此處使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,使用wouldhavedone。應(yīng)選D。23.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:——我想知道為什么羅伯特還沒有消失在采訪中。假如他錯(cuò)過(guò)了,那就太惋惜了。——我不確定,但他可能是在這里騎車時(shí)被堵車了。A.couldbestuck可能堵車了;B.shouldbestuck應(yīng)當(dāng)堵車了;C.musthavebeenstuck肯定是堵車了;D.mighthavebeenstuck可能堵車了。此處表示對(duì)于過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的推想應(yīng)當(dāng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成式,且依據(jù)句意可知,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。24.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:貝克先生,有些同學(xué)想見你。他們是在這里等還是在外面等?A.May可以;B.Should應(yīng)當(dāng);C.Shall應(yīng)當(dāng);D.Will將。Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中,表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。應(yīng)選C。25.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:這有足夠的時(shí)間,她沒有必要焦急。依據(jù)“Therewasplentyoftime〞可知沒有必要,needn’thavehurried“不必焦急〞,應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。26.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone。句意:這或許是一種進(jìn)步,但“突破〞一詞言過(guò)其實(shí)。A.canhavebeen可能是;B.shouldhavebeen應(yīng)當(dāng)是;C.mayhavebeen或許是;D.needhavebeen需要是。依據(jù)空后“but“breakthrough〞wasanoverstatement.〞可知,這或許是一種進(jìn)步,但“突破〞一詞言過(guò)其實(shí)。mayhavebeen符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選C。27.A【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和介詞。句意:很多成年人表示,即使在大自然中,他們?cè)谀贸鲋悄芘恼罩?,可能也不?huì)花時(shí)間觀賞壯麗的山峰。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may意為“或許,可能〞;should意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)〞。依據(jù)句意,此處指成年人的習(xí)慣做法,但是不確定,所以用“可能〞符合句意;其次空填考查介詞。not…before…相當(dāng)于not…until…或after…,意為“在拿出智能拍照之前,不會(huì)花時(shí)間觀賞壯麗的山峰〞。應(yīng)選A。28.B【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)我還小的時(shí)候,媽媽經(jīng)常坐在我的床邊,給我講故事,唱歌,直到我睡著。情態(tài)usedto后跟動(dòng)詞原形,此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形tell和前文sit及后文sing并列,作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。29.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:我始終在寫一部小說(shuō),是依據(jù)一個(gè)真實(shí)的愛情故事改編的,下個(gè)月初就可以寫好了。A.can能,會(huì);B.must必需,肯定;C.should應(yīng)當(dāng);D.need需要。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nextmonth,可知此處指將來(lái)的可能;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should可以表示對(duì)將來(lái)的猜測(cè)或可能。應(yīng)選C。30.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:——那邊的布告上寫的是什么?——“未經(jīng)組委會(huì)許可,任何媒體不得對(duì)賽事進(jìn)行報(bào)道。〞A.will將;B.may或許;C.shall將;D.must必需。shall用于其次、三稱,表示警告、承諾、命令、規(guī)定等。依據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選C。31.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:以前你可能在這里開了幾英里,都沒見過(guò)別人,但現(xiàn)在處處都是房子和人。A.need需要;B.should應(yīng)當(dāng),理應(yīng)如此;C.could可能,表示對(duì)客觀可能性的推想;D.must肯定,必需。依據(jù)前半句意思可知,表示的是對(duì)客觀可能性的推想。應(yīng)選C。32.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:——瑪麗,我迷路了?!獙?duì)不起,我本應(yīng)當(dāng)給你畫張地圖的。依據(jù)“Mary,Igotlost.〞可知,對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推想,所以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone。musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情確定的推想;oughttohavedone表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事卻未做。依據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選D。33.A【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone用法。句意:我的鑰匙不在我的背包里。我究竟可能將它放在哪里了?依據(jù)所給句子及選項(xiàng)可知,此處是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone〞,canhavedone通常用于否認(rèn)句及疑問(wèn)句,用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí),表示疑心和推想;wouldhavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè),意思是“原來(lái)會(huì)做〞;shouldhavedone表示“過(guò)去應(yīng)當(dāng)做謀事卻沒有做〞;musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推想,意思是“肯定已經(jīng),想必已經(jīng),準(zhǔn)是已經(jīng)〞,只用于確定句中。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的疑心和推想,應(yīng)用canhavedone。應(yīng)選A。34.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意:——我沒有通過(guò)期末考試。——我認(rèn)為這并不令人驚異。你本應(yīng)當(dāng)集中精力學(xué)習(xí)而不是玩電腦嬉戲。should應(yīng)當(dāng);must必需;此處結(jié)合語(yǔ)境表示“本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事,結(jié)果沒有〞應(yīng)用shouldhavedone;musthavedone表示“必定做了某事〞,表示對(duì)過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的確定推想,不符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選B。35.B【詳解】考查musthavedone的用法。句意:Harry感到不舒適。他昨晚肯定是在聚會(huì)上喝多了。A.hastodrink必需喝;B.musthavedrunk肯定喝了;C.couldbedrunk可能被喝;D.needstodrink需要喝。結(jié)合“Harryisfeelingunfortable.〞及句末的lastnight可知,此處是對(duì)過(guò)去確定的推想,musthavedone確定做了某事,符合題意。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。36.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:正如規(guī)那么所說(shuō),每個(gè)同學(xué)都必需坐著直到他們的試卷被收集起來(lái)。shall可用于其次/第三人稱陳述句中,表示警告/許諾/命令/威逼/規(guī)定等語(yǔ)氣。此處表示規(guī)定,應(yīng)選C?!军c(diǎn)睛】Shall用法歸納1.shouldhavedonesth/shouldnothavedonesth表責(zé)怪語(yǔ)氣。2.should可用來(lái)表示推想。3.shall可用于第一/第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中,表示懇求許可。4.shall可用于其次/第三人稱陳述句中,表示警告/許諾/命令/威逼/規(guī)定等語(yǔ)氣。5.表將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí),should是shall的過(guò)去式。6.should可以表示勸說(shuō),建議語(yǔ)氣,"應(yīng)當(dāng)/應(yīng)當(dāng)"。7.should可以用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,有時(shí)可以省略;有時(shí)不行以省略,表示"萬(wàn)一"。8.should可以表示"竟然/竟然",有不信任/驚愕的含義。37.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式。句意:肯定是有人沒關(guān)水龍頭,由于水溢出來(lái)淹了浴室。musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去是清有把握的坑定推想,意思是“肯定是做某事了〞,應(yīng)選B?!军c(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone結(jié)構(gòu):1.“must+have+過(guò)去分詞〞表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推想,語(yǔ)氣比擬堅(jiān)決,通常只用于確定句.如:Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.“can/could+have+過(guò)去分詞〞表示對(duì)過(guò)去某種狀況的疑心或不確定.can和could一般用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句,could的語(yǔ)氣較can弱.如:Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3.“may/might+have+過(guò)去分詞〞表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不愿定的推想,might的語(yǔ)氣比may弱一點(diǎn).這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于確定句和否認(rèn)句,疑問(wèn)句改用can或could.如:Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.“need+have+過(guò)去分詞〞表示過(guò)去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或過(guò)去做某事純屬多余.如:Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5.“should/oughtto+have+過(guò)去分詞〞表示過(guò)去本該做某事但沒做,其否認(rèn)式表示過(guò)去不該做某事但做了,這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)怪之意,oughtto的語(yǔ)氣比should強(qiáng)一些.如:Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本應(yīng)當(dāng)更努力學(xué)習(xí)的.〔但沒有〕Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他原來(lái)就不該做那件事.〔可是做了〕6.“would+have+過(guò)去分詞〞表示對(duì)過(guò)去的某種狀況進(jìn)行猜想,或原來(lái)要做某事卻因某種緣由未做成,通常用來(lái)說(shuō)明某一狀況,但不像用should或oughtto那樣含有責(zé)怪之意.如:Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.38.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:——我應(yīng)當(dāng)立即通知他時(shí)間有變化嗎?——唯恐你必需這樣做,以防他開會(huì)遲到。A.will將要;B.must必需;C.may可能;D.can能夠,可以。依據(jù)下文的“incaseheeslateforthemeeting.〞可知,此處是指必需通知“他〞時(shí)間有變。應(yīng)選B?!军c(diǎn)睛】39.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:—對(duì)不起,媽媽,我面試又失敗了。—噢,那太糟糕了,你應(yīng)當(dāng)做好充分預(yù)備的。A.must必需;B.can可以;C.would將會(huì);D.should應(yīng)當(dāng)。這里是情態(tài)+havedone的結(jié)構(gòu)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,can+have+done〞表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的疑心,用于疑問(wèn)句,譯成“可能做過(guò)……嗎?〞;could+have+done,表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè),意思是原來(lái)能夠做某事而沒有做;must+have+done〞表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的確定推想,譯成“肯定做過(guò)某事〞,該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于確定句;should+have+done意思是“原來(lái)應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事,而實(shí)際沒做〞。應(yīng)選D【名師點(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有肯定的詞義,表示說(shuō)話人的心情、態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞,但它不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),只能和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是每年高考的熱點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),每年單項(xiàng)填空題必考一題??键c(diǎn)集中在:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推想的根本用法及區(qū)分,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否認(rèn)式的用法辨析,“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone〞的用法區(qū)分等。40.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:我來(lái)新學(xué)校之前本沒有必要擔(dān)憂,由于在這里我的同學(xué)對(duì)我特別友好。needn'thavedone本沒有必要做某事,表示實(shí)際上已經(jīng)做了某事。依據(jù)后一句“formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.〞可知,同學(xué)對(duì)我特別友好所以我本沒必要但心。mightn't或許不;mustn't不允許;couldn't不行能。應(yīng)選C。41.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:我仍舊難以想象這樣聰慧的孩子竟然犯這樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,可以用來(lái)表示意外、驚喜或者在說(shuō)話人看來(lái)是不行思議的,經(jīng)常譯為"竟會(huì)"、"竟然",這么聰慧的孩子竟然犯這樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。表示意外,shall表示承諾,命令等,must表示必需,can表示力量及可能性。所以答案選D。42.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特別用法。句意:—你非要現(xiàn)在打攪我嗎?我正在預(yù)備一份報(bào)告?!鎸?duì)不起,但是我怕有緊急事情告知你。A.Need需要;B.Should應(yīng)當(dāng);C.Might或許;D.Must必需;肯定;偏偏,非得;依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知must表示“偏偏,非得〞符合上下文語(yǔ)境,用來(lái)指責(zé)對(duì)方。故D項(xiàng)正確。43.D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone。句意:——你昨天參與試驗(yàn)工程的會(huì)議了嗎?——是的,但我想我〔原來(lái)〕不需要,由于我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等賓語(yǔ)從句中假如有否認(rèn)詞時(shí),要把從句的否認(rèn)詞not前移,即“否認(rèn)前移〞。所以not是從句中的否認(rèn)詞?!皀eedhavedone〞意為“原來(lái)有必要做而未做〞;“needn’thavedone〞指過(guò)去原來(lái)沒必要做而做了。依據(jù)上一句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“yesterday〞可知本句指的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事。結(jié)合其次句“becausemydirectorwasthere(我的主管)在〞可推斷出,我原來(lái)不必要去。應(yīng)選D。44.A【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:你什么時(shí)候還我的小說(shuō)?別擔(dān)憂。我保證你肯定會(huì)很快拿到你的書。A.shall肯定會(huì)〔表承諾〕;B.should應(yīng)當(dāng)〔表責(zé)任義務(wù)〕;C.may或許〔表可能〕;D.must必需〔表必要/很重要〕。由Don’tworry.和Ipromise.可知,說(shuō)話人承諾肯定會(huì)很快歸還,所以用shall。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?!军c(diǎn)睛】shall的用法1、shall表示單純的將來(lái),用于第一人稱;其次人稱只用于問(wèn)句;口語(yǔ)中常以will代替,作“將要、會(huì)〞。2、shall表示說(shuō)話者的意圖、承諾、告誡、警告、命令、決心等,用于陳述句的其次、第三人稱,作“肯定會(huì)〞“必需〞“應(yīng)當(dāng)〞“可以〞。3、shall在條約、規(guī)章、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定,一般用于第三人稱,作“應(yīng)〞“必需〞。如在此題中,依據(jù)Ipromise可知,此處表示承諾〔肯定會(huì)〕,所以用shall。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。45.A【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中有超過(guò)5萬(wàn)種標(biāo)志,但幸運(yùn)的是,中國(guó)兒童不必學(xué)習(xí)全部這些標(biāo)志用于日常目的。A.needn't不必;B.mustn't表示禁止;C.can't不行能;D.won't不情愿。依據(jù)butluckily可推斷,不必學(xué)習(xí)如此多的東西,應(yīng)選A。46.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:——你不能再多待會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?——很晚了,我必需得走了。我女兒一個(gè)人在家。A.may可能,可以,或許;B.can能,會(huì);C.must必需,必定要,必定會(huì);D.dare敢,膽敢。結(jié)合句意可知,由于女兒一人在家,說(shuō)話者必需要走。應(yīng)選C?!久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】此題是考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,這里考查的是語(yǔ)氣的強(qiáng)度,在這里結(jié)合語(yǔ)境是“肯定〞的意思,所以要做好此類辨析題需把握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)的語(yǔ)氣并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境。47.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:——我能和你說(shuō)句話嗎?你剛剛真的很了不起。真是難以置信??!——你在說(shuō)我嗎?哇!A.Must肯定、必需〔含有強(qiáng)制性、劇烈的確定性〕;B.Can能夠〔語(yǔ)氣較委婉〕;C.Need需要;D.Should應(yīng)當(dāng)。依據(jù)后文Isaysomethingtoyou?指語(yǔ)氣委婉,表示能夠,應(yīng)用can。應(yīng)選B。48.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:這真是令人生氣的;我不能進(jìn)入你推舉的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。A.wouldn’t不情愿;B.couldn’t不能;C.shouldn’t不應(yīng)當(dāng);D.needn’t不必。應(yīng)選B。49.B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:你能永久將這件事當(dāng)做隱秘嗎?這只是我們之間的事。A.Must必需,肯定;B.Can能,可以;C.Should應(yīng)當(dāng);D.May或許,可以。must表示主觀的命令、規(guī)定;can用于征求對(duì)方意見,向?qū)Ψ綉┣笤S可;should表達(dá)義務(wù)、職責(zé)等;may也可以向?qū)Ψ綉┣笤S可,但語(yǔ)氣更為委婉。依據(jù)句意可以推斷,一方正在懇求對(duì)方保守隱秘。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。50.C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:——你認(rèn)為貝蒂如何?——很可愛,盡管有時(shí)可能很淘氣。A.should應(yīng)當(dāng);B.must必需;C.can可能;D.need需要。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處指貝蒂有時(shí)可能很淘氣,應(yīng)用can表可能的推想。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。課后穩(wěn)固提高二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子51.Itwasreallyannoying;I________getaccesstothedatabankyouhadremended.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)52.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehe________findthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)53.This_____soundcrazybutIwasonmywaytodropsomeofmymother’sthingsoffatthecharitybins.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)54.Howwerespondtothem,however,isuptous.We______reacttothemlikeevilsofselfishnessorlikeheroesoflove.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)55.Theydaren’t_________(ask)foranymoremoney.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)56.ForalltheattentionIwasgettingI_________aswellnothavebeenthere.Ifeltastranger.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)57.I’mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI________makeenoughmoney.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)58.Thankyouforyourtimelyfirstaid,ortheboymighteasily_________(bleed)todeath.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)59.—MayIsmokehere?—Ifyou_______,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)60.—Couldyoutellwhatthefuture_________(have)instoreforus?—Ofcoursenot

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