北京孝義營(yíng)中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語期末試題含解析

北京孝義營(yíng)中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Ifyouleavetheclub,youwillnotbe___backin.A.received

B.admitted

C.turned

D.moved參考答案：B2.—Shallwetakeataxitheresincetimeislimited?—________.Itshouldbehardtogetoneduringtherushhour.A.Goahead B.Don’tmentionit C.Nodoubt D.Justforgetit參考答案：D3.havingmypassengerinmycar,Idon’tthinkIcan______thetownbeforenightfallsincethereisatrafficjamahead.A.arrive

B.reachfor

C.makeitto

D.seehimoff參考答案：C4.___________inthedarkcave,thesoldierwasnotafraidof________byhisenemies.A.Hiding;finding B.Hiding;beingfound

C.Hidden;founding D.Hidden;hiding參考答案：B5.Doyoudressdifferentlybecauseofwhatyouseeinadvertisementsorbuythingsyoumightnot________buy？A.otherwise B.therefore C.furthermore D.besides參考答案：A6.We

thesunshineinSanyanowifitwerenotforthedelayofourflight.A.wereenjoying

B.wouldhaveenjoyedC.wouldbeenjoying

D.willenjoy參考答案：C試題分析:句意：要不是我們耽擱了航班我們現(xiàn)在就在三亞享受陽光了。根據(jù)后面ifitwerenotfor……可知此處是對(duì)現(xiàn)在狀況的虛擬，故主句用wouldbedoing，選C。7.Peoplethinkthat______openingceremonyofthe29thOlympicGamesis_____greatsuccess.A.an;a

B.the;a

C.the;the

D.the;/參考答案：8.Wheneverwe’rein___________,wemustneverlose_________,buttrytothinkofthewayout.

A.thetrouble;ourhearts

B.troubles;heartC.trouble;heart

D.thetrouble;theheart參考答案：C9.—Whatdoyouthinkofyourpreparationsforthefinalexams?—Notsogood.ActuallyIfeellike______forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.A.Danielinthelion’sden B.Achilles’heelC.agoodSamaritan D.asacredcow參考答案：B【詳解】考查情景對(duì)話?！湟猓耗阌X得你為期末考試做的準(zhǔn)備怎么樣?——不太好。事實(shí)上，我覺得這是致命弱點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲以跀?shù)學(xué)方面幾乎沒有進(jìn)步。根據(jù)forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.可知這里意思是我覺得這是致命弱點(diǎn)，A.Danielinthelion’sden真金不怕火煉；

B.Achilles’heel致命弱點(diǎn)；C.agoodSamaritan樂善好施的人；D.asacredcow神圣之物，故選B。10.----CanIputthebookon______oftheshelves?-----No.You’dbetterputitwhereitwas.

A.all

B.each C.both

D.either參考答案：D11.Lifedoesn’tcountformuch______youarewillingtodoyoursmallparttoleaveourchildrenabetterworld.A.unless

B.when

C.though

D.if參考答案：A試題分析：句意：人生沒有什么意義，除非你能樂意盡職為我們的下一代創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的世界。unless“除非”。when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；though盡管；if如果。故選A項(xiàng)。35.--IhappenedtonoticeBob’sfatherquarrellingwiththeteacherindefenseofhisson.--NowonderBobalwaysperformspoorlyinclass.It’sreally“________”.

A.Loveme,lovemydog

B.Likefather,likeson

C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether

D.Abusymothermakesalazydaughter參考答案：b略13.You_____somethinggreat,otherwiseyouwouldn'thavegotthepromotion.A.shoulddo

B.mustdoC.shouldhavedone

D.musthavedone參考答案：D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone。句意：你一定做了什么了不起的事，否則你就得不到提升。musthavedone表示對(duì)過去事情有把握的肯定推測(cè)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone結(jié)構(gòu)：1.“must+have+過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測(cè),語氣比較堅(jiān)定,通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.“can/could+have+過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去某種情況的懷疑或不確定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑問句,could的語氣較can弱.如：Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3.“may/might+have+過去分詞”表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測(cè),might的語氣比may弱一點(diǎn).這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑問句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.“need+have+過去分詞”表示過去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或過去做某事純屬多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5.“should/oughtto+have+過去分詞”表示過去本該做某事但沒做,其否定式表示過去不該做某事但做了,這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)備之意,oughtto的語氣比should強(qiáng)一些.如：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)的.（但沒有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本來就不該做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would＋have＋過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去的某種情況進(jìn)行猜測(cè),或本來要做某事卻因某種原因未做成,通常用來說明某一情況,但不像用should或oughtto那樣含有責(zé)備之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.14.IsetupemailaddressesforconnectingwithmyparentslastMay.ButIdidn’twritetothemasoftenasI______.A.should

B.musthave

C.shouldhave

D.must參考答案：C15.Itisreally_____usefuldictionary,______dictionaryeveryoneofusneeds.

A.an;a

B.a;the

C.the;a

D.a;a參考答案：D略16.Springiscoming,anditistimeforthose______tograduatetolookforjobs.A.beyond

B.behind

C.among

D.about參考答案：D二、完型填空17.SectionADirections:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Haveyouevergottenasunburn?Ifyouhave,you’vealreadylearnedthehardwayaboutthesun’sultraviolet(紫外線的),orUVlight.Itcanburnyourskinsobadthatitturnsitredorevenmakesitpeeloff.The

51helpsyouremembertowearsunscreenthenexttime.Well,Earthhasitsownversionofsunscreen,theozone(臭氧)layer,which

52usallfromthevastmajorityoftheUVlightreleasedbythesun.Withoutit,wewouldn’tjustgetasunburn.LifeonEarthwouldgo

53duetothehugelydamagingpowerofallthoseUVrays.Theozonelayer

54Earth’sstratosphere(同溫層),apartoftheatmospherethat

55fromabout10kilometersuptonearly50kilometersabovetheground.Despiteitsname,theozonelayerisn’tjustozonegas.Itcontainslyhigherconcentrationsofozonethantheloweratmosphere,butthat’sstillasmallamount

56thoseofthemainelementsoftheatmosphere.Evenso,it

57alotofUVrays,preventingthemfromreachingthesurfaceofEarth.However,peopleweren’tfullyawareofitsimportanceuntil1985,whenahugeholeinthelayerwasfoundoverAntarctica.The

58quicklypointedtoakindofchemicalcalledchlorofluorocarbon,orCFC,whichwaswidelyusedinrefrigerators,airconditionersandhairsprays.CFCsareabletoriseuptothestratosphereandcausereactionsthatdestroyozone.Witha

59ozonelayer,peopleonEartharemorelikelytodevelopskincancer,cataracts(白內(nèi)障)andotherhealthproblemsduetotoomuchUVlight

60.Asaresultofthisdiscovery,aninternationaltreaty(條約)calledtheMontrealProtocolwassignedin1987to

61themanufactureofCFCproductssothattheozonelayercouldslowlyrecoverandreturntoitsnaturalstateby2050.

62,atatimewhenitseemedthateverythingwasgoingbackto

63,earlierthismonthscientistsdetectedfournewman-madegasesinGreenlandandAustraliathatcouldcausesnewriskstotheozonelayer.Scientistshaven’tidentifiedthe

64ofthegases,but“thishighlightsthatozonelossisnotyetyesterday’sstory,”saidProfessorPiersForsterfromtheUniversityofLeeds,UK,toBBC.Scientistsbelievethattherearemoresuchgasesoutthere,andtheystillhavemuchworktodoto“

65theholes”.

51.A.harmB.lossC.painD.factor52.A.survivesB.shadesC.preventsD.covers53.A.extinctB.helplessC.meaninglessD.wrong54.A.linkstoB.liesinC.lookstoD.consistsof55.A.receivesB.locatesC.extendsD.varies56.A.belongedtoB.turnedtoC.takentoD.comparedto57.A.absorbsB.capturesC.figuresD.imposes58.A.resultB.evidenceC.traceD.movement59.A.furtherB.clearerC.thinnerD.broader60.A.returnB.exposureC.companionD.approach61.A.banB.oppressC.motivateD.recycle62.A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.OtherwiseD.However63.A.minorB.bitterC.concreteD.normal64.A.sourceB.guidanceC.conditionD.destination65.A.fastenB.heightenC.tightenD.strengthen參考答案：51—55CBABC

56—60DABCB

61—65ADDAC三、閱讀理解18.Doyouknowelectricitycanchangethewaywetastefood？ProvingthisfactisarevolutionaryelectricforkdesignedbyJapaneseresearchersthatcanmakeanydishtastesalty．AccordingtoHiromiNakamura，aPostDocResearchFellowatTokyo'sMeijiUniversity，thetechnologycanbeveryusefulforpeopleonspecialdiets．Patientswithhighbloodpressure，forinstance，caneasilygoonalow﹣saltdietandstillenjoydeliciousfood．Andwiththefork，there'slynoriskofover﹣saltingtheirfood．Luckily，thevoltage（電壓）issosmallthatthereisnoriskofelectrocution（觸電）either．TheideaofaddingelectricitytofoodwasfirstexposedasanexperimentattheComputerHumanInteractionConferenceinAustin，Texas，in2012．Nakamuraandherteamconnectedawiretoa9﹣voltbatteryandpasseditthroughastrawplacedinacupofsweetlemonade．Volunteersreportedthatthechargedlemonadetasted‘blander'，becausetheelectricitycreatedthetasteofsalt．Nakamurahasimprovedthetechnologytobeabletotransferanelectricchargetofoodthroughforksandchopsticks．"Themetallicpartoftheforkisoneelectrode（電極），andthehandleistheother，"Nakamuraexplained．"Whenyoutakeapieceoffoodwiththeforkandputitinyourmouth，youconnectthecircuit．Whenyouremovetheforkfromyourmouth，youdisconnectthecircuit．Soitactuallyworksasaswitch．"SimonKlose，hostoffoodprogramMunchies，whorecentlyvisitedNakamuratotryouttheforkhimself，calledthisformof‘foodhacking'oneofthegreatesteatingexperienceshe'deverhad．"WhenIfirstheardofelectricfood，itsoundedscary，"hesaid．Helatercontinuedtouseachargedforktoeatpiecesoffriedchicken，andfoundthatthesaltinessconsiderablyincreasedastheelectricitywasconnected．Nakamurahasbeeneating‘electric'foodforthepastthreetofouryearsinanattempttounderstanditbetter．"Forme，‘foodhacking'isaboutstrengtheningorweakeningrealfood，"shesaid．"Itmayseemlikewe'recookingbutwe'reactuallyworkingonthehumansenses．"60．Theelectricforkmaybenefitpeoplewho．A．needtogoonadiet

B．havehighbloodpressureC．preferfoodfreeofsalt

D．showinterestintastyfood61．Paragraph4mainlytellsus．A．howtheelectricforkworks

B．whatmakesthecircuitconnectedC．howthetechnologywasimproved

D．whytheelectricforkwasinvented62．Fromthepassage，welearnthattheelectricfork．A．createsvirtualtaste

B．changespeople'sdietsC．helpscurediseases

D．replacessaltincooking．參考答案：BAA本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了日本科學(xué)家使用電流改變食物味道的研究，這可以給人一種虛擬的假味道，是特殊飲食的人享受原本的不能享受的美味．60．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段"Patientswithhighbloodpressure，forinstance，caneasilygoonalow﹣saltdietandstillenjoydeliciousfood"可知患高血壓的人使用這一技術(shù)仍然可以享受鹽分比較少的美味的食物，這些食物屬于健康食物，說明這些食物對(duì)患高血壓的人有利；故選B．61．A．段落大意題．根據(jù)文章第四段"HumanInteractionConferenceinAustin，Texas，in2012．Nakamuraandherteamconnectedawiretoa9﹣voltbatteryandpasseditthroughastrawplacedinacupofsweetlemonade"可知科學(xué)家Nakamura可以通過電流使少量的電擊傳遞到叉子和筷子上，說明本段主要介紹theelectricfork的工作原理；故選A．62．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章最后一段"Forme，‘foodhacking'isaboutstrengtheningorweakeningrealfood，"shesaid．"Itmayseemlikewe'recookingbutwe'reactuallyworkingonthehumansenses"可知實(shí)際上電擊只是給人一種虛擬的味道，實(shí)際上食物還是原來的味道；故選A．19.ItisanissueIhaverealizedeversinceIheardaboutanAustrianbankerwhosaid,“IalwaysfinditeasiertodobusinesswithpartnersfromGreeceorRussiaorDenmark.Butwhenthelrishcall,itgetscomplexanddifficult.”ks5uAsIwroterecently,thosespeakingEnglishasasecondlanguagefrequentlysaytheyfinditeasiertotalktoeachotherthantosomeonefromtheUS,theUK,Canada,IrelandorAustralia.Anyonewantingtogettothetopofinternationalbusiness,medicineoracademia(butpossiblynotsport)needstobeabletospeakEnglishtoaprettyhighlevel.Equally,anynativeEnglishspeakerwantingtodealwiththesenewhighachieversneedstoknowhowtotalkwithoutconfusingthem.BecausesomanyEnglish-speakerstodayaremonoglots（只懂一種語言的人），theyhavelittleideahowdifficultitistomasteranotherlanguage.Manythinkthebestwaytomakeforeignersunderstandistobechatty（健談的）andinformal.Thismayseemfriendlybut，asitprobablyinvolvesusinginformalexpressions,itmakescomprehensionharder.Speakingslowlyhelps,butavoidingfigurative（比喻的）oridiomaticexpressionsismoreimportant.Phrasalverbsareanothertroublefornon-nativeEnglishspeakers;imaginetryingtounderstandthedifferencebetween“Icouldn’tputupwithhim”and“Iagreedtoputhimup”.It’sbettertosay“Icouldn’ttoleratehim”and“Iagreedtolethimstayforni