易經(jīng)簡(jiǎn)介-英文課件

Amelia

ZhangI

ChingIChing----Yijing

introductionauthorBasic

meaningstructureTrigramshexagraminfluenceDifferent

countrycommentsintroductionintroductionTheIChing,alsoknownastheClassicofChanges,BookofChangs,ZhouyiandYijing,isoneoftheoldestoftheChineseclassictexts.The

book

contains

a

divination

system

comparable

to

Western

geomancy[風(fēng)水]

system;

in

Western

cultures

and

modern

East

Asia,it

is

still

widely

used

foe

this

purpose.??Do

you

think

who

was

the

author?authorFu

X

iMaybe…….author8

trigrams[八卦]----Traditionally

it

was

believed

that

the

principles

of

the

I

Ching

originated

with

the

mythical

Fu

Xi.

In

this

respect

he

is

seen

as

an

early

culture

hero,

one

of

the

earliest

legendary

rulers

of

China.64

hexagrams[64卦]----by

the

time

of

the

legendary

Yu,

the

trigrams

had

supposedly

been

developed

into

64

hexagrams.[begin

with

the

hexagram

Bound(艮）]Notenough!authorGua

Ci[卦辭]----at

the

time

of

Shang’s

last

king,

Zhou

Wang,

King

Wen

of

Zhou

is

said

to

have

deduced

the

hexagram

and

discovered

that

the

hexagram

beginning

with

Initiating[乾]revealed

the

rise

of

Zhou.He

then

gave

each

hexagram

a

description

regarding

its

own

nature.Yao

Ci

[爻辭]----

King

Wu

of

Zhou,his

brother

is

said

to

have

created

Yao

Ci,

to

clarify

the

significance

of

each

horizontal

line

in

each

hexagram.Stillnotenough!authorShi

Yi/Yi

Zhuan

[易傳]----during

the

time

of

Spring

and

Autumn

Period,Confucius

is

traditionally

said

to

have

written

the

Shi

Yi,

a

group

of

commentaries

of

the

I

Ching.

Together

with

the

commentaries

by

Confucius,I

Ching

is

also

often

referred

to

as

Zhou

Yi.structuretrigram乾三連?（天，金）坤六斷?（地，土）震仰盂?（雷，木）艮覆碗?（山，土）離中虛?（火，火）坎中滿(mǎn)?（水，水）兌上缺?（澤，金）巽下斷?（風(fēng)，木）trigramstrigramsYang

[九]----the

solid

line

represents

Yang,

the

creative

principle.Yin[六]----the

open

line

represents

Yin,

the

receptive

principle.Yin

Yang

theory----these

principles

are

more

commonly

known

in

the

west

as

the

Yin-Yang

diagram,

expressing

the

idea

of

complementarity

of

change:when

Yang

is

at

stop,

Yin

is

increasing,

and

vice

versa.hexagramthelowertrigram--Thefirst3linesofthehexagram,calledthelowertrigram,areseenastheinneraspectofthechangethatisoccurring.Theuppertrigramistheouteraspect.Change----thedynamicoftheinner(personal)aspectrelatingtotheouter(external)situation.hexagram64

hexagrams----IChingdescribeseachofthe64hexagrams,andlaterscholarsaddedcommentariesandanalysesofeachone.MainhexagramsWhichoneare

you

familiar

with?examplesThe

creative-

-forceThe

receptive—

fieldThecreative--forcePossessing

Creative

Power

&skillQian—heaven

乾：元，亨，利，貞。初九：潛龍勿用。九二：見(jiàn)龍?jiān)谔?，利?jiàn)大人。九三：君子終日乾乾，夕惕若，厲無(wú)咎。九四：或躍在淵，無(wú)咎。九五：飛龍?jiān)谔欤?jiàn)大人。上九：亢龍有悔。用九：見(jiàn)群龍無(wú)首，吉。The

receptive--fieldNeeding

Knowledge

&

skill;

Do

not

force

matters

and

go

with

the

flow.Kun--earth

坤：元，亨，利，牝馬之貞。君子有攸往，先迷，后得主，利。西南得朋，東北喪朋，安貞。吉。初六：履霜堅(jiān)冰至。六二：直方大，不習(xí)，無(wú)不利。六三：含章可貞，或從王事，無(wú)成有終。六四：括囊，無(wú)咎無(wú)譽(yù)。六五：黃裳，元吉。上六：龍戰(zhàn)于野，其血玄黃。用六：利永貞。Comments1·居下處始時(shí)，要善于做小事，防患于未然2·居下處事時(shí)，內(nèi)方外園，張弛有度。3·居下有為時(shí)，善世而不伐，功成而不有。4·居下近尊時(shí)，韜光藏銳，清虛自守。5·以下臨尊時(shí)，仁善中正，寬厚容民。6·居下大成時(shí)，陰陽(yáng)合和，返璞歸真。7·永遠(yuǎn)恪守的原則：堅(jiān)守正道，持信永固BasicmeaningCosmology[宇宙論]/philosophy--During

the

Warring

States

Period[],

the

text

was

reinterpreted

as

a

system

of

cosmology

and

philosophy

that

subsequently

became

intrinsic

to

Chinese

culture.

Balance--It

centered

on

the

ideas

of

the

dynamic

balance

of

opposites,

the

evolution

of

events

as

a

process,

and

acceptance

of

the

inevitability

of

change.You

cannot

imagine!influenceexamplesSymbolism----KoreaheavenearthwaterfireSymbolism----VietnamEmpire

of

VietnamSouth

Vietnam/republic

of

VietnamSymbolism—Japan

Prior

to

the

Tokugawa

period[德川幕府家族]in

Japan,

the

I

Ching

was

little

known

and

used

mostly

for

divination

until

Buddhist

monks

popularized

the

Chinese

classic

for

its

philosophical,cultural

and

political

merits

in

other

literate

groups

such

as

the

samurai[武士階級(jí)].commentsI

Ching

[易]means

“easy”

or

“simple”,

whilst

as

a

verb

it

indicates

“change”

or

the

exchange

or

substitution.Yin

and

yang,

whilst

common

expressions

associated

with

many

schools

of

classical

Chinese

culture,

are

especially

associated

with

the

Taoists.

In

imperial

China

the

I

Ching

had

two

distinct

fictions.The

first

was

as

a

compendium

and

classic

ancient

cosmic

principles.

The

second

function

was

that

of

divination

text.

commentsI

Ching

was

lu