2021高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題4語法填空41解題技法總論-課件(新人教版)

專題四語法填空第一部分解題技法總論請在此輸入您的大標(biāo)題請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入您的小標(biāo)題請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入您的小標(biāo)題請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入您的小標(biāo)題3最新文檔精品文檔【考情透析】根據(jù)近三年的高考試題可以看出,高考語法填空充分體現(xiàn)了“實詞考查為主、虛詞考查為輔”的命題原則。命題形式分為提示類填空和自由類填空。1.提示類填空全國卷中,提示類填空為7個實詞。主要考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語動詞、名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式、形容詞和副詞的比較級、代詞的格及同一詞根的不同詞性的轉(zhuǎn)化。2.自由類填空全國卷中,自由類填空為3個虛詞。主要考查代詞、介詞、冠詞、連詞、時間及地點副詞等?！静呗渣c睛】1.利用體裁特點解題快速通讀整篇文章,了解其體裁特征,理清其邏輯關(guān)系,初步摸清文章的主題、大意、時態(tài)、語態(tài)等,給分析句子和填空提供可靠的邏輯推理依據(jù)。2.利用句法分析解題語法填空主要是從語法角度入手,對句子結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析。簡單句要分析其成分是否完整;每種成分由什么樣的詞性來充當(dāng);復(fù)合句要弄清從句的作用以及主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系;特殊句式要分析是否符合其固定的格式。3.利用習(xí)慣搭配解題英語中有許多固定的詞組、短語和句型,在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上,認真分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),準(zhǔn)確辨識句子中的這些固定搭配,利用平時的積累,基本上憑語感就可以解題。4.利用語篇標(biāo)志解題語篇是一系列連續(xù)的語段或句子所構(gòu)成的語言整體,其中各成分之間,在形式上是銜接的,在語義上是連貫的。起到語篇之間聯(lián)系作用的詞語就是語篇標(biāo)志。如:firstly,secondly,next等表次序和列舉;again,moreover,whatismore等表遞進;similarly,equally,aswith等表點擊此處輸入您的內(nèi)容，建議微軟雅黑或者黑體，本模版所有圖形線條及其相應(yīng)素材均可編輯、更改顏色。點擊此處輸入您的內(nèi)容，建議微軟雅黑或者黑體，本模版所有圖形線條及其相應(yīng)素材均可編輯、更改顏色。文本文本文本請在此處輸入您的標(biāo)題11最新文檔精品文檔相似;so,altogether,thus,inshort等表總結(jié)等。利用這些語篇標(biāo)志有助于準(zhǔn)確把握句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系,弄清文章的來龍去脈。一、題型剖析,有的放矢拿高分二、考場思維,實戰(zhàn)得高分

(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence

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theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen

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(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

Modernmethods

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trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

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(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut

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(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa

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(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby

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(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare

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(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of

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nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

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(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

【考場思維模式】三、逆向思維,素養(yǎng)升華根據(jù)高考設(shè)題特點,請試著將下面語篇設(shè)計成語法填空題。

Dogsreallyareourbestfriends,accordingtoaSwedishstudythatsaysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease.Astudyof3.4millionpeoplebetweentheagesof40and80foundthathavingadogwasassociatedwitha23%reductionindeathfromheartdiseaseanda20%lowerriskofdyingfromanycauseoverthe12yearsofthestudy.Previousstudieshavesuggesteddogsrelievesocialisolationanddepression—bothlinkedtoanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.

Dogownersshowbetterresponsestostress(theirbloodpressureandpulseratesdon’tsoar),andhavehigherlevelsofphysicalactivityandslightlylowercholesterollevels.TheAmericanHeartAssociationwassufficientlyinfluencedbyareviewofdozensofstudiestoreleaseastatementin2013sayingthatowningadog“wasprobably”associatedwithareducedriskofheartdisease.Theirreluctancetomorestronglyaccepteddogownershipisbecausemoststudiesarewhatiscalledobservational—researchersnoteanassociation,butcan’tprovecausation(因果關(guān)系).Thismeansthatotherfactorsmightexplainwhydogownersarehealthierthan,say,goldfishowners—forexample,perhapsonlypeoplewhoarefitinthefirstplacebuypetsthatneeddailywalking.【參考答案】

Dogsreallyareourbestfriends,accordingtoaSwedishstudy

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saysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease.Astudyof3.4millionpeoplebetweentheagesof40and80foundthathavingadog

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(associate)witha23%reductionindeathfromheartdiseaseanda20%lowerriskofdyingfromanycauseoverthe12yearsofthestudy.Previous

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(study)havesuggesteddogsrelievesocialisolationanddepression—bothlinkedto

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increasedriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.

Dogownersshowbetterresponsestostress(theirbloodpressureandpulseratesdon’tsoar),andhavehigherlevelsofphysicalactivityandslightly

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(low)cholesterollevels.TheAmericanHeartAssociationwassufficientlyinfluencedbyareviewofdozensofstudiestoreleaseastatementin2013

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(say)thatowningadog“was

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(probable)”associatedwithareduced請在此輸入您的大標(biāo)題請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本27最新文檔精品文檔riskofheartdisease.Theirreluctancetomorestrongly

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(accept)dogownershipisbecausemoststudiesarewhatiscalledobservational—researchersnoteanassociation,butcan’tprovecausation(因果關(guān)系).This

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(mean)thatotherfactorsmightexplainwhydogownersarehealthierthan,say,goldfishowners—forexample,perhapsonlypeoplewhoarefit

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thefirstplacebuypetsthatneeddailywalking.

【文章大意】養(yǎng)狗有益于人們的身體健康。1.【解析】that/which。考查定語從句。_________saysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease是定語從句,修飾先行詞study,從句中缺少主語,應(yīng)用that或者which引導(dǎo)。

請在此輸入您的大標(biāo)題請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請在此輸入您的小標(biāo)題請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請輸入文本請在此輸入您的小標(biāo)題31最新文檔精品文檔2.【解析】wasassociated?？疾闀r態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。動名詞短語having