新版跟單信用證法律實(shí)務(wù)培訓(xùn)課件

跟單信用證法律實(shí)務(wù)廈門大學(xué)法學(xué)院肖偉2007年5

月精選1主要內(nèi)容UCP600與UCP500的比較分析UCP600實(shí)施中的法律實(shí)務(wù)最高法院司法解釋評(píng)析最高法院司法解釋法律實(shí)務(wù)精選2UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程《信用證統(tǒng)一慣例》修訂進(jìn)程的“十年之癢”——

1933年國(guó)際商會(huì)第82號(hào)出版物1952年國(guó)際商會(huì)第151號(hào)出版物1962年國(guó)際商會(huì)第222號(hào)出版物1973年國(guó)際商會(huì)第290號(hào)出版物1983年國(guó)際商會(huì)第400號(hào)出版物1993年國(guó)際商會(huì)第500號(hào)出版物（仍在實(shí)施中）2006年國(guó)際商會(huì)第600號(hào)出版物（計(jì)劃于2007年7月實(shí)施）精選3UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程UCP600修訂的背景自UCP500生效以來(lái)，銀行實(shí)務(wù)中圍繞500產(chǎn)生的爭(zhēng)議層出不窮*。為此，ICC于2002年初成立UCP修訂工作小組，提出修訂UCP500的動(dòng)議。國(guó)際商會(huì)有關(guān)UCP500的系列出版物PositionPaperNo.1,2,3,4（修改/議付/非單據(jù)化條件/運(yùn)輸單據(jù)）PublicationNo.515/535/565/596URR525/ISP98/ISBP/Eucp*國(guó)際商會(huì)銀行技術(shù)委員會(huì)遺憾而且關(guān)切地注意到，在UCP500實(shí)施以后，一些銀行錯(cuò)誤地解釋和應(yīng)用UCP500的一些條文。由于未能正確地運(yùn)用這些條文，其結(jié)果嚴(yán)重防礙了按照UCP500開(kāi)立的跟單信用證的使用。（CharlesdelBush—Chairman,ICCCommissiononBankingTechniqueandPractice.AdoptedfromForewordofPositionPaper1,2,3,4）

精選4UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程在2002年4月的ICC銀行委員會(huì)會(huì)議上，各國(guó)代表對(duì)何時(shí)、如何修訂UCP500未達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)（我國(guó)贊成立即開(kāi)始修訂），但一致同意先對(duì)產(chǎn)生最多爭(zhēng)議的七個(gè)條款進(jìn)行評(píng)議。因?yàn)镮CC提出的專家意見(jiàn)中超過(guò)58％集中在UCP500這七個(gè)條款上。精選5UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程在2002年10月ICC銀行委員會(huì)會(huì)議上，銀行委員會(huì)技術(shù)顧問(wèn)GARYCOLLYER提供了一份評(píng)議七條條款的報(bào)告：第九條–開(kāi)證行與保兌行的責(zé)任（共二十六次）第十三條–審核單據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（共四十三次）第十四條–不符點(diǎn)單據(jù)與通知（共六十次）第二十一條–對(duì)單據(jù)出單人或單據(jù)內(nèi)容未作規(guī)定（共二十九次）第二十三條–海運(yùn)提單（共四十七次）第三十七條–商業(yè)發(fā)票（共二十六次）第四十八條–可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證（共三十一次）

精選6UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程多份研究報(bào)告顯示，高比例、高頻率發(fā)生的信用證拒付現(xiàn)象日益危機(jī)信用證在國(guó)際結(jié)算中的地位。INTHEEVENTTHATTHEDOCUMENTSPRESENTEDWITHDISCREPANCY,ADISCREPANTFEEOFUSD60.00OREQUIVALENTWILLBENDEDUCTEDFROMTHEPROCEEDS.精選7UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程FromIntroductionofUCP500：?jiǎn)螕?jù)不符是信用證支付方式下一種極為普遍的現(xiàn)象，從1993年修訂的《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例》的前言可以看出：“一些調(diào)查表明，大約5％跟單信用證下的單據(jù)因與信用證不符或表面不符而被拒付，這降低了跟單信用證的效力，對(duì)參與有關(guān)產(chǎn)品交易的各方產(chǎn)生財(cái)務(wù)影響，增加了成本，減少了進(jìn)口商、出口商和銀行的利潤(rùn)。有關(guān)跟單信用證的訴訟案激增也引起了人們極大的關(guān)注。”精選8UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程FromIntroductionofUCP600：Whenworkontherevisionstarted,anumberofglobalsurveysindicatedthat,becauseofdiscrepancies,approximately70%ofdocumentspresentedunderlettersofcreditwerebeingrejectedonfirstpresentation.Thisobviouslyhad,andcontinuestohave,anegativeeffectontheletterofcreditbeingseenasameansofpaymentand,ifunchecked,couldhaveseriousimplicationsformaintainingorincreasingitsmarketshareasarecognizedmeansofsettlementininternationaltrade.結(jié)論：信用證正日益成為拒付的工具。

精選9UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程UCP600修訂的過(guò)程2003年5月，ICC正式授權(quán)ICC銀行委員會(huì)啟動(dòng)UCP500修訂工作修訂工作的三層組織架構(gòu)：ThedraftingGroup（起草小組）TheConsultingGroup（咨詢小組）ICCnationalcommittees（國(guó)家委員會(huì)）精選10UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程ThedraftingGroup小組成員共10位成員，其中8位來(lái)自歐洲，其余兩位分別來(lái)自美國(guó)和新加坡小組主席：GaryCollyer--ABNAMROBankN.V.,London,EnglandTheConsultingGroup小組成員小組由來(lái)自26個(gè)國(guó)家的40余位專業(yè)人士組成小組成員來(lái)自銀行、運(yùn)輸及物流、保險(xiǎn)等不同行業(yè)精選11UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程UCP600修訂的過(guò)程FIRSTSTEP---REVISIONPROCESS：全面回顧UCP500實(shí)施以來(lái)ICC發(fā)布的各類出版物、意見(jiàn)書(shū)及決定，吸收其中的合理?xiàng)l款。關(guān)于正本單據(jù)關(guān)于開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人與受益人詳細(xì)地址關(guān)于預(yù)裝船提單裝運(yùn)日期的確認(rèn)精選12UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程SECONDSTEP---GENERALOBJECTIVE：全面反映近年來(lái)國(guó)際銀行業(yè)、運(yùn)輸業(yè)和保險(xiǎn)業(yè)出現(xiàn)的變化，并體現(xiàn)一定的前瞻性；五個(gè)銀行工作日刪除了運(yùn)輸行單據(jù)條款明確了保險(xiǎn)單據(jù)可以由代理人（proxies）出具精選13UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程全面檢討UCP500中的條款結(jié)構(gòu)和文字措辭。從A組到G組分類的模塊式組合到流水式條款通俗易懂、簡(jiǎn)約化的措辭Nominatedbankmeansthebankauthorizedinthecredittohonourornegotiateor,inthecaseofafreelyavailablecredit,anybank.(UCPDraftJune)Nominatedbankmeansthebankwithwhichthecreditisavailableoranybankinthecaseofacreditavailablewithanybank.(UCPFinalVersion)精選14UCP600產(chǎn)生的背景及過(guò)程THIRDSTEP---CO-OPERATION：建立穩(wěn)定的三級(jí)合作機(jī)制ThisrevisionoftheUCPrepresentstheculminationofoverthreeyearsofextensiveanalysis,review,debateandcompromiseamongstthevariousmembersoftheDraftingGroup,themembersoftheBankingCommissionandtherespectiveICCnationalcommittees. ——FromGaryCollyer精選15UCP600與UCP500的比較分析AdvisingbankApplicantBankingdayBeneficiaryComplyingpresentationConfirmationConfirmingbankCreditHonourIssuingbankNegotiationNominatedbankPresentationPresenter第一次系統(tǒng)地對(duì)有關(guān)信用證的14個(gè)概念進(jìn)行了定義精選16UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Article2DefinitionsForthepurposeoftheserules:Advisingbankmeansthebankthatadvisesthecreditattherequestoftheissuingbank.Applicantmeansthepartyonwhoserequestthecreditisissued.精選17UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Bankingdaymeansadayonwhichabankisregularlyopenattheplaceatwhichanactsubjecttotheserulesistobeperformed.Beneficiarymeansthepartyinwhosefavouracreditisissued.精選18UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Complyingpresentationmeansapresentationthatisinaccordancewiththetermsandconditionsofthecredit,theapplicableprovisionsoftheserulesandinternationalstandardbankingpractice.Confirmationmeansadefiniteundertakingoftheconfirmingbank,inadditiontothatoftheissuingbank,tohonourornegotiateacomplyingpresentation.

精選19UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Confirmingbankmeansthebankthataddsitsconfirmationtoacreditupontheissuingbank’sauthorizationorrequest.Creditmeansanyarrangement,howevernamedordescribed,thatisirrevocableandtherebyconstitutesadefiniteundertakingoftheissuingbanktohonouracomplyingpresentation.精選20UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Honourmeans:a.topayatsightifthecreditisavailablebysightpayment.b.toincuradeferredpaymentundertakingandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebydeferredpayment.c.toacceptabillofexchange(“draft”)drawnbythebeneficiaryandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebyacceptance.

精選21UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Honourmeans:a.topayatsightifthecreditisavailablebysightpayment.b.toincuradeferredpaymentundertakingandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebydeferredpayment.c.toacceptabillofexchange(“draft”)drawnbythebeneficiaryandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebyacceptance.

精選22Article19.Bank-to-BankReimbursementArrangementsa.IfanIssuingBankintendsthatthereimbursementtowhichapaying,acceptingornegotiatingbankisentitled,shallbeobtainedbysuchbank(the"ClaimingBank"),claimingonanotherparty(the"ReimbursingBank"),itshallprovidesuchReimbursingBankingoodtimewiththeproperinstructionsorauthorizationtohonoursuchreimbursementclaims.(UCP500)

第十九條銀行間的償付約定a．開(kāi)證行如欲通過(guò)另一銀行（償付行）對(duì)付款行、承兌行或議付行（均稱“索償行”）履行償付時(shí)，開(kāi)證行應(yīng)及時(shí)向償付行發(fā)出對(duì)此類索償予以償付的適當(dāng)指示或授權(quán)。精選23hono(u)r

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n.尊敬,敬意,榮譽(yù),光榮vt.尊敬,給以榮譽(yù)《現(xiàn)代英漢綜合大辭典》vt.給...以光榮;禮遇;賜給尊敬;崇拜【商】承兌;兌現(xiàn)

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承兌支票精選24UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Honourmeans:a.topayatsightifthecreditisavailablebysightpayment.b.toincuradeferredpaymentundertakingandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebydeferredpayment.c.toacceptabillofexchange(“draft”)drawnbythebeneficiaryandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebyacceptance.

精選25UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Issuingbankmeansthebankthatissuesacreditattherequestofanapplicantoronitsownbehalf.Negotiationmeansthepurchasebythenominatedbankofdrafts(drawnonabankotherthanthenominatedbank)and/ordocumentsunderacomplyingpresentation,byadvancingoragreeingtoadvancefundstothebeneficiaryonorbeforethebankingdayonwhichreimbursementisduetothenominatedbank.精選26UCP600與UCP500的比較分析關(guān)于議付UCP500Article10（信用證的種類）NegotiationmeansthegivingofvalueforDraft(s)and/ordocument(s)bythebankauthorizedtonegotiate.Mereexaminationofthedocumentswithoutgivingofvaluedoesnotconstituteanegotiation.精選27UCP600與UCP500的比較分析

UCP500Article9（開(kāi)證行與保兌行的責(zé)任）AnirrevocableCreditconstitutesadefiniteundertakingoftheIssuingBank,providedthatthestipulateddocumentsarepresentedtotheNominatedBankortotheIssuingBankandthatthetermsandconditionsoftheCreditarecompliedwith:IftheCreditprovidesfornegotiationtopaywithoutrecoursetodrawersand/orbonafideholders,Draft(s)drawnbytheBeneficiaryand/ordocument(s)presentedundertheCredit精選28UCP600與UCP500的比較分析ICCPositionPaperNo2（第二號(hào)意見(jiàn)書(shū)）TheBankingCommissionwishestoclarifythatforthepurposesofUCP500,thephrase'givingofvalue'insub-Article10(b)(ii)maybeinterpretedaseither'makingimmediatepayment'(e.g.bycash,bycheque,byremittancethroughaClearingSystemorbycredittoanaccount)or'undertakinganobligationtomakepayment'(otherthangivingadeferredpaymentundertakingoracceptingadraft).精選29UCP600與UCP500的比較分析

ICCPublicationNo.459：關(guān)于追索權(quán)議付行在任何情況下均享有追索權(quán)，除非該行保兌了信用證（TheCommissionfinallydecidedtomakeadistinctionbetweencreditsavailablethroughpaymentandcreditavailablethroughnegotiation.Astotheformer(availablethroughpayment),anyrecoursebytheadvisingbankvis-à-visthebeneficiarywastobeexcludedifithadnotexpressedareservationwhenmakingitspayment.Astothelattercredits(availablethroughnegotiation),theadvisingbankalwayshadarightofrecourse,unlessithadconfirmedthecredit”.）精選30UCP600與UCP500的比較分析

ICCPublicationNo.596R259：議付的追索權(quán)銀行提供議付時(shí)所要求的條件，即是否保留追索權(quán)，不能由ICC來(lái)裁定。那些條件取決于當(dāng)?shù)胤杉白h付行與出口商之間的關(guān)系。應(yīng)由受益人來(lái)決定是否接受那些條件并在“保留追索”的條件下取得款項(xiàng)。在這些情況下，受益人最好使信用證可自由議付，以使他們能夠把單據(jù)提交給一家一旦接受單據(jù)將始終信守決定的被指定銀行。精選31議付定義的演變UCP500：NegotiationmeansthegivingofvalueforDraft(s)and/ordocument(s)bythebankauthorizedtonegotiate.Mereexaminationofthedocumentswithoutgivingofvaluedoesnotconstituteanegotiation.UCP600：Negotiationmeansthepurchasebythenominatedbankofdrafts(drawnonabankotherthanthenominatedbank)and/ordocumentsunderacomplyingpresentation,byadvancingoragreeingtoadvancefundstothebeneficiaryonorbeforethebankingdayonwhichreimbursementisduetothenominatedbank.精選32UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Nominatedbankmeansthebankwithwhichthecreditisavailableoranybankinthecaseofacreditavailablewithanybank.Presentationmeanseitherthedeliveryofdocumentsunderacredittotheissuingbankornominatedbankorthedocumentssodelivered.Presentermeansabeneficiary,bankorotherpartythatmakesapresentation.精選33UCP600與UCP500的比較分析刪除了那些表達(dá)不確切、內(nèi)容已過(guò)時(shí)及與國(guó)際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)相脫節(jié)的條款條款總數(shù)由UCP500的49條縮減為39條，且不再分類刪除了信用證“可撤銷”的概念(Art.6ofUCP500)刪除了運(yùn)輸行單據(jù)條款(Art.39ofUCP500)刪除了運(yùn)輸單據(jù)之“不得含有載運(yùn)船只僅以風(fēng)帆為動(dòng)力的批注”(Art.23ofUCP500)刪除了運(yùn)輸單據(jù)之額外費(fèi)用的列舉條款(Art.33ofUCP500)精選34UCP600與UCP500的比較分析確立了新的國(guó)際結(jié)算實(shí)務(wù)操作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)銀行審核單據(jù)的時(shí)間縮短為5天Anominatedbankactingonitsnomination,aconfirmingbank,ifany,andtheissuingbankshalleachhaveamaximumoffivebankingdaysfollowingthedayofpresentationtodetermineifapresentationiscomplying.精選35UCP600與UCP500的比較分析明確了受益人對(duì)修改保持沉默不等于接受修改Aprovisioninanamendmenttotheeffectthattheamendmentshallenterintoforceunlessrejectedbythebeneficiarywithinacertaintimeshallbedisregarded.(Art.10)精選36UCP600與UCP500的比較分析增加了實(shí)務(wù)操作性條款即使單據(jù)遺失，開(kāi)證行也必須付款（35條）Providedthatthestipulateddocumentsarepresentedtothenominatedbankortotheissuingbankandthattheyconstituteacomplyingpresentation,theissuingbankmusthonour(Art.7)Anissuingbankisirrevocablyboundtohonourasofthetimeitissuesthecredit.(Art.7)Anissuingbankundertakestoreimburseanominatedbankthathashonouredornegotiatedacomplyingpresentationandforwardedthedocumentstotheissuingbank.(Art.7)精選37AnirrevocableCreditconstitutesdadefiniteundertakingortheissuingBank,providedthatthestipulateddocumentsarepresentedtotheNominatedBankortotheIssuingBankandthatthetermsandconditionsoftheCreditarecompliedwith(Art.9ofUCP500)如果發(fā)送單證相符單據(jù)給開(kāi)證行的銀行是一家被指定銀行，而單據(jù)在途中遺失，那么開(kāi)證行有責(zé)任付款，前提是單據(jù)以信用證規(guī)定的方式寄送，即當(dāng)信用證規(guī)定為掛號(hào)郵寄時(shí)，單據(jù)要按那種方式寄送，而不是通過(guò)快遞公司。以非信用證所要求的方式寄送單據(jù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有被指定銀行承擔(dān)，而不是受益人承擔(dān)。（ICC632/R429）

精選38Ifanominatedbankdeterminesthatapresentationiscomplyingandforwardsthedocumentstotheissuingbankorconfirmingbank,whetherornotthenominatedbankhashonouredornegotiated,anissuingbankorconfirmingbankmusthonourornegotiate,orreimbursethatnominatedbank,evenwhenthedocumentshavebeenlostintransitbetweenthenominatedbankandtheissuingbankorconfirmingbank,orbetweentheconfirmingbankandtheissuingbank.(Art.35)精選39UCP600與UCP500的比較分析拒付電增加了“持單至申請(qǐng)人放棄不付點(diǎn)”的選擇theissuingbankisholdingthedocumentsuntilitreceivesawaiverfromtheapplicantandagreestoacceptit,orreceivesfurtherinstructionsfromthepresenterpriortoagreeingtoacceptawaiver(Art.16)精選40UCP600與UCP500的比較分析建立了“單據(jù)必須滿足其功能”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Ifacreditrequirespresentationofadocumentotherthanatransportdocument,insurancedocumentorcommercialinvoice,withoutstipulatingbywhomthedocumentistobeissuedoritsdatacontent,bankswillacceptthedocumentaspresentedifitscontentappearstofulfilthefunctionoftherequireddocumentandotherwisecomplieswithsub-article14(d

).

精選41UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Whendocumentsotherthantransportdocuments,insurancedocumentsandcommercialinvoicesarecalledfor,theCreditshouldstipulatebywhomsuchdocumentsaretobeissuedandtheirwordingordatacontent.IftheCreditdoesnotsostipulate,bankswillacceptsuchdocumentsaspresented,providedthattheirdatacontentisnotinconsistentwithanyotherstipulateddocumentpresented.(Art.21ofUCP500)當(dāng)要求提供運(yùn)輸單據(jù)、保險(xiǎn)單據(jù)和商業(yè)發(fā)票以外的單據(jù)時(shí)，信用證中應(yīng)規(guī)定該單據(jù)的出票人及其措辭或內(nèi)容。如信用證對(duì)此未作規(guī)定，只要所提交單據(jù)的內(nèi)容與提交的其它規(guī)定單據(jù)不矛盾，銀行將接受此類單據(jù)。（第21條）精選42UCP600與UCP500的比較分析明確開(kāi)證行可以作為轉(zhuǎn)讓行轉(zhuǎn)讓自己開(kāi)立的信用證Transferringbankmeansanominatedbankthattransfersthecreditor,inacreditavailablewithanybank,abankthatisspecificallyauthorizedbytheissuingbanktotransferandthattransfersthecredit.Anissuingbankmaybeatransferringbank.(Art.38)精選43UCP600與UCP500的比較分析措辭更為簡(jiǎn)潔、嚴(yán)格、清晰、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)關(guān)于簡(jiǎn)潔Ifthebillofladingcontainstheindication“intendedvessel”,orsimilarqualificationinrelationtothevessel,loadingonboardanamedvesselmustbeevidencedbyanonboardnotationonthebillofladingwhich,inadditiontothedateonwhichthegoodshavebeenloadedonboard,alsoincludesthenameofthevesselonwhichthegoodshavebeenloaded,eveniftheyhavebeenloadedonthevesselnamedasthe“intendedvessel”.(Art.24ofUCP500)[字符數(shù)（不計(jì)空格）360]精選44UCP600與UCP500的比較分析Ifthebillofladingcontainstheindication“intendedvessel”orsimilarqualificationinrelationtothenameofthevessel,anonboardnotationindicatingthedateofshipmentandthenameoftheactualvesselisrequired.(Art.20ofUCP600)[字符數(shù)（不計(jì)空格）189]精選45UCP600與UCP500的比較分析關(guān)于嚴(yán)格拒付通知的格式及內(nèi)容：Asinglenotice

關(guān)于清晰措辭“and/or”修訂為“or”，單、復(fù)數(shù)同義Whereapplicable,wordsinthesingularincludethepluralandinthepluralincludethesingular.(Art.3)關(guān)于與時(shí)俱進(jìn)銀行對(duì)因遭受恐怖襲擊(actsofterrorism)導(dǎo)致銀行停業(yè)所造成后果的免責(zé)刪除了信用證“可撤銷”的概念：Acreditisirrevocableevenifthereisnoindicationtothateffect.(Art.3)精選46UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響ApplicantBeneficiaryPresenter精選47UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響對(duì)申請(qǐng)人Applicantmeansthepartyonwhoserequestthecreditisissued.（Art.2）精選48UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acreditbyitsnatureisaseparatetransactionfromthesaleorothercontractonwhichitmaybebased.…theundertakingofabanktohonour,tonegotiateortofulfilanyotherobligationunderthecreditisnotsubjecttoclaimsordefencesbytheapplicantresultingfromitsrelationshipswiththeissuingbankorthebeneficiary.(Art.4)

精選49UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Abeneficiarycaninnocaseavailitselfofthecontractualrelationshipsexistingbetweenbanksorbetweentheapplicantandtheissuingbank.(Art.4)精選50UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Anissuingbankshoulddiscourageanyattemptbytheapplicanttoinclude,asanintegralpartofthecredit,copiesoftheunderlyingcontract,proformainvoiceandthelike.(Art.4)精選51UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acreditmustnotbeissuedavailablebyadraftdrawnontheapplicant.(Art.6)精選52UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Whentheaddressesofthebeneficiaryandtheapplicantappearinanystipulateddocument,theyneednotbethesameasthosestatedinthecreditorinanyotherstipulateddocument,butmustbewithinthesamecountryastherespectiveaddressesmentionedinthecredit.Contactdetails(telefax,telephone,emailandthelike)statedaspartofthebeneficiary’sandtheapplicant’saddresswillbedisregarded.However,whentheaddressandcontactdetailsoftheapplicantappearaspartoftheconsigneeornotifypartydetailsonatransportdocumentsubjecttoarticles19,20,21,22,23,24or25,theymustbeasstatedinthecredit.(Art.14)精選53UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Whenanissuingbankdeterminesthatapresentationdoesnotcomply,itmayinitssolejudgementapproachtheapplicantforawaiverofthediscrepancies.Thisdoesnot,however,extendtheperiodmentionedinsub-article14(b).(Art.16)精選54UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acommercialinvoice…mustbemadeoutinthenameoftheapplicant(exceptasprovidedinsub-article38(g))(Art.18)精選55UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Abankutilizingtheservicesofanotherbankforthepurposeofgivingeffecttotheinstructionsoftheapplicantdoessofortheaccountandattheriskoftheapplicant.(Art.37)精選56UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響對(duì)受益人Beneficiarymeansthepartyinwhosefavouracreditisissued.(Art.2)精選57UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Honourmeans: a.topayatsightifthecreditisavailablebysightpayment. b.toincuradeferredpaymentundertakingandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebydeferredpayment. c.toacceptabillofexchange(“draft”)drawnbythebeneficiaryandpayatmaturityifthecreditisavailablebyacceptance.精選58UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Negotiationmeansthepurchasebythenominatedbankofdrafts(drawnonabankotherthanthenominatedbank)and/ordocumentsunderacomplyingpresentation,byadvancingoragreeingtoadvancefundstothebeneficiaryonorbeforethebankingdayonwhichreimbursementisduetothenominatedbank.(Art.2)精選59UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Presentermeansabeneficiary,bankorotherpartythatmakesapresentation.(Art.2)精選60UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Termssuchas"firstclass","wellknown","qualified","independent","official","competent"or"local"usedtodescribetheissuerofadocumentallowanyissuerexceptthebeneficiarytoissuethatdocument.(Art.3)

精選61UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Abeneficiarycaninnocaseavailitselfofthecontractualrelationshipsexistingbetweenbanksorbetweentheapplicantandtheissuingbank.(Art.4)精選62UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Exceptasprovidedinsub-article29(a),apresentationbyoronbehalfofthebeneficiarymustbemadeonorbeforetheexpirydate.(Art.6)精選63UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Exceptasotherwiseprovidedbyarticle38,acreditcanneitherbeamendednorcancelledwithouttheagreementoftheissuingbank,theconfirmingbank,ifany,andthebeneficiary.(Art.10)精選64UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Thetermsandconditionsoftheoriginalcredit(oracreditincorporatingpreviouslyacceptedamendments)willremaininforceforthebeneficiaryuntilthebeneficiarycommunicatesitsacceptanceoftheamendmenttothebankthatadvisedsuchamendment.Thebeneficiaryshouldgivenotificationofacceptanceorrejectionofanamendment.Ifthebeneficiaryfailstogivesuchnotification,apresentationthatcomplieswiththecreditandtoanynotyetacceptedamendmentwillbedeemedtobenotificationofacceptancebythebeneficiaryofsuchamendment.Asofthatmomentthecreditwillbeamended.(Art.10)

精選65UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Aprovisioninanamendmenttotheeffectthattheamendmentshallenterintoforceunlessrejectedbythebeneficiarywithinacertaintimeshallbedisregarded.(Art.10)精選66UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Areimbursingbank'schargesarefortheaccountoftheissuingbank.However,ifthechargesarefortheaccountofthebeneficiary,itistheresponsibilityofanissuingbanktosoindicateinthecreditandinthereimbursementauthorization.Ifareimbursingbank'schargesarefortheaccountofthebeneficiary,theyshallbedeductedfromtheamountduetoaclaimingbankwhenreimbursementismade.Ifnoreimbursementismade,thereimbursingbank'schargesremaintheobligationoftheissuingbank.(Art.13)精選67UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Apresentationincludingoneormoreoriginaltransportdocumentssubjecttoarticles19,20,21,22,23,24or25mustbemadebyoronbehalfofthebeneficiarynotlaterthan21calendardaysafterthedateofshipmentasdescribedintheserules,butinanyeventnotlaterthantheexpirydateofthecredit.(Art.14)精選68UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Whentheaddressesofthebeneficiaryandtheapplicantappearinanystipulateddocument,theyneednotbethesameasthosestatedinthecreditorinanyotherstipulateddocument,butmustbewithinthesamecountryastherespectiveaddressesmentionedinthecredit.Contactdetails(telefax,telephone,emailandthelike)statedaspartofthebeneficiary’sandtheapplicant’saddresswillbedisregarded.However,whentheaddressandcontactdetailsoftheapplicantappearaspartoftheconsigneeornotifypartydetailsonatransportdocumentsubjecttoarticles19,20,21,22,23,24or25,theymustbeasstatedinthecredit.(Art.14)精選69UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Theshipperorconsignorofthegoodsindicatedonanydocumentneednotbethebeneficiaryofthecredit.(Art.14)精選70UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acommercialinvoice:i.mustappeartohavebeenissuedbythebeneficiary(exceptasprovidedinarticle38).(Art.18)精選71UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acreditoramendmentshouldnotstipulatethattheadvisingtoabeneficiaryisconditionaluponthereceiptbytheadvisingbankorsecondadvisingbankofitscharges.(Art.37)精選72UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Transferablecreditmeansacreditthatspecificallystatesitis“transferable”.Atransferablecreditmaybemadeavailableinwholeorinparttoanotherbeneficiary(“secondbeneficiary”)attherequestofthebeneficiary(“firstbeneficiary”).(Art.38)精選73UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Transferredcreditmeansacreditthathasbeenmadeavailablebythetransferringbanktoasecondbeneficiary.(Art.38)精選74UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Unlessotherwiseagreedatthetimeoftransfer,allcharges(suchascommissions,fees,costsorexpenses)incurredinrespectofatransfermustbepaidbythefirstbeneficiary.(Art.38)

精選75UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acreditmaybetransferredinparttomorethanonesecondbeneficiaryprovidedpartialdrawingsorshipmentsareallowed.(Art.38)精選76UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Acreditmaybetransferredinparttomorethanonesecondbeneficiaryprovidedpartialdrawingsorshipmentsareallowed.(Art.38)精選77UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Atransferredcreditcannotbetransferredattherequestofasecondbeneficiarytoanysubsequentbeneficiary.Thefirstbeneficiaryisnotconsideredtobeasubsequentbeneficiary.(Art.38)精選78UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Anyrequestfortransfermustindicateifandunderwhatconditionsamendmentsmaybeadvisedtothesecondbeneficiary.Thetransferredcreditmustclearlyindicatethoseconditions.(Art.38)精選79UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Ifacreditistransferredtomorethanonesecondbeneficiary,rejectionofanamendmentbyoneormoresecondbeneficiarydoesnotinvalidatetheacceptancebyanyothersecondbeneficiary,withrespecttowhichthetransferredcreditwillbeamendedaccordingly.Foranysecondbeneficiarythatrejectedtheamendment,thetransferredcreditwillremainunamended.(Art.38)精選80UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Thenameofthefirstbeneficiarymaybesubstitutedforthatoftheapplicantinthecredit.(Art.38)精選81UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響對(duì)提示人Presentermeansabeneficiary,bankorotherpartythatmakesapresentation.(Art.2)

精選82UCP600實(shí)施后對(duì)不同當(dāng)事人的影響Adocumentpresentedbutnotrequiredbythecreditwillbedisregardedandmaybereturnedtothepresenter.(Art.14)精選83UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題合格單據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在信用證交易中，出口商提供的單據(jù)必須合符信用證和《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例》的規(guī)定，但是這樣的單據(jù)并不一定符合合格單據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。譬如，UCP500與一般的信用證中都沒(méi)有匯票必須由出票人簽字的規(guī)定。但是一張沒(méi)有出票人簽字的匯票肯定是不合格的，根據(jù)票據(jù)法，沒(méi)有這項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，票據(jù)不成立。所以合格的單據(jù)，還必須合符法規(guī)（Legallyacceptable）以及常規(guī)（Commonsense），譬如毛重必須大于凈重，否則進(jìn)口商或開(kāi)證行有權(quán)拒付?？傊皢螕?jù)必須滿足其功能”需要。UCP600規(guī)定：Complyingpresentationmeansapresentationthatisinaccordancewiththetermsandconditionsofthecredit,theapplicableprovisionsoftheserulesandinternationalstandardbankingpractice.(Art.2)精選84UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題繕制單據(jù)的基本要求準(zhǔn)確。這是繕制單據(jù)的第一要求。要求做到“單證相符、單單一致”?！皢巫C相符”即所有的單據(jù)都要與信用證保持一致，“單單一致”即單據(jù)與單據(jù)之間的相同內(nèi)容都要一致。完整。包括內(nèi)容完整、份數(shù)完整、種類完整。及時(shí)。在信用證項(xiàng)下交單必須掌握裝運(yùn)期、交單期和信用證有效期。簡(jiǎn)明。單據(jù)文字內(nèi)容力求簡(jiǎn)單明了，避免畫蛇添足。整潔。單據(jù)的繕制必須力求表面整潔。個(gè)別錯(cuò)誤可以更正，但必須在更正處加以簽署或加蓋更正章，不能遺漏。精選85UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題Article17OriginalDocumentsandCopies

a.Atleastoneoriginalofeachdocumentstipulatedinthecreditmustbepresented. b.Abankshalltreatasanoriginalanydocumentbearinganapparentlyoriginalsignature,mark,stamp,orlabeloftheissuerofthedocument,unlessthedocumentitselfindicatesthatitisnotanoriginal.精選86UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題

c.Unlessadocumentindicatesotherwise,abankwillalsoacceptadocumentasoriginalifit:

精選87UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題i.appearstobewritten,typed,perforatedorstampedbythedocumentissuer’shand;orii.appearstobeonthedocumentissuer’soriginalstationery;oriii.statesthatitisoriginal,unlessthestatementappearsnottoapplytothedocumentpresented.

精選88UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題d.Ifacreditrequirespresentationofcopiesofdocuments,presentationofeitheroriginalsorcopiesispermitted.e.Ifacreditrequirespresentationofmultipledocumentsbyusingtermssuchas"induplicate","intwofold"or"intwocopies",thiswillbesatisfiedbythepresentationofatleastoneoriginalandtheremainingnumberincopies,exceptwhenthedocumentitselfindicatesotherwise.精選89UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題Article18CommercialInvoicea.Acommercialinvoice:i.mustappeartohavebeenissuedbythebeneficiary(exceptasprovidedinarticle38);ii.mustbemadeoutinthenameoftheapplicant(exceptasprovidedinsub-article38(g));iii.mustbemadeoutinthesamecurrencyasthecredit;andiv.neednotbesigned.精選90UCP600實(shí)施后出口商制單須注意的問(wèn)題b.Anominatedbankactingonitsnomination,aconfirmingbank,ifany,ortheissuingbankmayacceptacommercialinvoiceissuedforanamountinexcessoftheamountpermittedbythecredit,anditsdecisionwillbebindinguponallparties,providedthebankinquestionhasnothonouredornegotiatedforanamountinexcessofthatpermittedbythecredit.精選91UCP600實(shí)施