2023年上海市高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷試題一（含答案）

2023年全國(guó)普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試

上海高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷1

I.Listeningcomprehension

略

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassage

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineach

blankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthat

bestfitseachblank.

BeAloneTogether

Amongthemostupsettingaspectsofthelockdownsthatoccurredin2020dueto

thepandemic,especiallyforthosewholiveindensecities,wastheclosureofmany

publicparksandgreenspaces.Astheorderswentout,peoplewerewarnedthat

(21)theyshouldtryto"walkaround,getsomesun：therecouldbe"no

density,nobasketballgames,noclosecontact,thafstherule.^^Themessagewasclear:

Stayawayfrom(22).

InWashington,D.C.,whereIlive,roadaccesswasblockedtotheTidalBasinin

lateMarch,asthecity*sfamouscherryblossomsreachedthepeakoftheirannual

bloom.TheNationalArboretumwasclosed,andallthefacilitiesthatthecityparks

departmentoversaw(23)(remain)closed.

Officially,naturewasmoreorlessoff-limitsJustasspringarrived.Yetasthe

weatherwarmed,andthelightstayedlaterandlaterintotheevening,peopleemerged

fromtheirhomes.Thestreets,mostlyemptiedofvehicletraffic,createdspacefor

runners,allowingthem(24)(leave)thesidewalksforfamiliesanddog

walkers.Inmyneighborhood,asmallprivatepark,(25)(locate)behinda

blockofhouses,becameaplacetostretchoutandreadabookunderthesun.

(26)thevirus,Ididn'tgototheparkveryoften.Butthen,Ifoundmyself

(27)(visit)morefrequently,sometimesinthemiddleoftheday.Andso,I

noticed,weremyneighbors.

Peoplesatinthegrass,walkedtheirdogs,andplayedcatchwiththeirkids.The

parkneverbecamegenuinelycrowded,butitwasalwayspopulated,andinityou

couldseeotherpeopleand,parkonasunnyafternoonhadbecome(29)we

allregardedasnecessary.Wewereallaloneinthisstrangetime,thisfamiliaryet

deeplyforeignplace(30)everyonewastoldtostayapart.Butatleastwe

hadfoundawaytobealonetogether.

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachword

canonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.capableB.controllableC.faintD.idealE.landscapeF.outpacing

G.perceiveH.physicalLpromiseJ.scrubK.supporting

You'llNeverBeTrulyAlone

Inthedecadestocome,alargenumberofhomerobotscouldmaketoday5s

appliancesseeminteresting.Themarketforconsumerandofficerobotsisexpectedto

developquicklyinthenextthreeyears,accordingtoa2015reportbyBusiness

InsiderIntelligence,beinggreaterthan$1.5billionandfar31thegrowth

ofrobotsinmanufacturing.

Wealreadyhaverobotsthatcleanthehouse,liketheRoomba,butinthefuture

we'llalsohaverobotarmsthatcan32surfacesandbathepeople,

saysChristopherAtkeson,aroboticistatCarnegieMellon,whoselabhasproduced

suchmachines.Eventually,robotswillfoldlaundryandcookmeals.Andiftheywork

well,youwon*tevennoticethem.Thekeytoeffectiverobotsis"being33

ofpredictingwhatpeoplewilldo,"saysJulieShah,theheadoftheInteractive

RoboticsGroupatMIT.nTheideaiseither34peopleorstayingoutof

theirway?

Thatsaid,somepeoplemaywantarobotthathangsaround.InJapan,afriendly

humanoidrobotcalledPepperthatcan35andrespondtohumanemotion

hasprovedenormouslypopularsinceitwentonsaletwoyearsago.Peppermightturn

outtobethe36roommate一helpful,kind,andalwaysupforhanging

out,butneverintheway.

Perhapsthealready37linebetweenonlineandofflinelifewill

disappear,andhumanrelationshipswithintelligentmachineswillrepresentanew

extensionofoursocial38.Yourin-houserobotcouldserveasan

avatar（化身）fdrfriendsandfamily,39fromafarsothat,withthehelp

ofroboticarmsandlegs,youcoulddancewithorhugalovedonewhoishalfway

aroundtheplanet.Thereal40oforproblemwith-thehouseofthe

future,then,mightbethatyou41neverhavetoleaveit.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases

markedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthe

context.

OnceuponatimetherelivedinGermanytwobrotherswholovedagood

story-onewithmagicanddanger,royaltyandvillains（惡棍）?Atschooltheymeta

wisemanwholedthemtoatreasure一alibraryofoldbookswithtalesmore

appealingthananytheyhadeverheard.41thebrothersbegan

collectingtheirownstories,listeningtothefolktalespeopletoldthem.Soonthey

42theirowntreasure一abookoffairytalesthatwouldcharmmillions

infarawaylandsforgenerationstocome.

ThebrotherGrimm,JacobandWihelm,namedtheirstorycollectionChildren'sand

HouseholdTalesandpublisheditinGermanyin1812.Thecollection,whichhasbeen

translatedintomorethan160languagesisapublishing43.The

storiesandtheircharactershaveappearedintheater,opera,comicbooks,movies,

paintings,rockmusic,advertising,andevenfashion.

Such44wouldhaveshockedthehumbleGrimms.Duringtheir

lifetimes,thebooksoldfewcopiesinGermany.Theearlyeditionswerenoteven

45children.Theyhadnoillustrations,andscholarlyfootnotestookup

almostasmuchspaceasthetalesthemselves.JacobandWihelmGrimmviewed

themselvesas46studentsoffolklore.Theybegantheirworkatatime

whenGermanyhadbeenoccupiedbytheFrenchunderNapolean.Asyoungscholars,

thebrothersGrimmsbeganworkonthefairytalecollectioninordertosavethe

endangeredoralstorytellingtraditionofGermany

LongbeforetheGrimms1time,47developedininns,bams,and

peasanthomes.Duringwinternights,astheysatspinningwood,womenkepteach

othercompanyandentertainedeachotherwithtalesofadventure,romance,and

magic.48,40suchstorytellersdeliveredtalestotheGrimms,manyof

themcomingtotheirhouseinKassel.Althoughthebrothersimpliedthattheywere

just49thetales,Wilhelmpolishedandreshapedthemuptothefinal

editionof1857.Inanefforttomakethemmore50tochildrenandtheir

parents,hestressedthemoralofeachtale,andemphasizedgenderroles.Accordingto

theGrimms,thecollectionservedasnamanualof51."Tothisday,

parentsreadthemtotheirchildrenbecausetheyapproveofthelessonsinthestories:

keepyourpromises,don'ttalktostrangers,workhard,obeyyourparents.

Sowhat52theirpopularity?Somehavesuggesteditisbecausethe

charactersarealwaysstrivingforhappiness.Butthetruthprobablyliesintheir

53.TheGrimm'staleswerebomoutofastorytellingtraditionwithout

54ofageorculture.Thebrother'sskillwastotranslatetheseintoa

universalstyleofwritingthatseemstomirrorwhatevermoodsorinterestswebringto

our55ofthem.AndsoitwasthattheGrimm'sfairytaleslivedhappily

everafter.

41.A.InspiredB.DisappointedC.DiscouragedD.Relieved

42.A.estimatedB.producedCsacrificedD.stocked

43.A.mediumB.partnershipC.findingD.phenomenon

44.A.qualityB.wealthC.fameD.perspective

45.A.markedasB.robbedofC.aimedatD.prevented

from

46.A.intelligentB.hardworkingC.peculiarD.patriotic

47.A.collectionB.storytellingC.entertainmentD.literacy

48.A.BesidesB.AltogetherC.HoweverD.Similarly

49.A.creatingB.developingC.reviewingD.recording

50.A.accustomedB.acceptableC.cruelD.compared

51.A.mannersB.parentshipC.publishingD.adaptation

52.A.resultsfromB.dependsonC.accountsforD.respondsto

53.A.appealB.flexibilityC.availabilityD.origin

54.A.boundariesB.influencesC.indicationsD.distributions

55.A.writingB.sharingC.readingD.beginning

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveral

questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthe

passageyouhavejustread.

(A)

There*sadreamyatmospheretoAdjuntas,acoffeetownintheValleyofthe

SleepingGianthighinthemountainsofPuertoRico.Apassionforthelandandits

customsrunsthroughthisplace,wherepeoplesaytheirfamilieshavelived“since

foreverAandformalgoodmannersruledailylife.Yousmellitinthesurrounding

streets,wherefoodiscookedatroadsidebarbecues.Youseeitinthegracefulhorses

paradedthroughtownonholidays,andyoufeelitinthelarge,elegantsquare,withits

fountainsandstonebenches.

Severaldecadesago,thisloveofthelandmotivatedthelocalpeopletoopposea

massiveminingoperation.ThemountainssurroundingAdjuntasarerichwithgold,

silver,copper,andzincandthePuertoRicangovernmenthadreservedabout30

squaremilesformineralexploitation.

Peoplefoughttoprotectthelanddespitethepromiseofjobsandmoney.They

weresavedbygrowingcoffeeandsellingitthroughoutPuertoRico.Theprofits

helpedthegrouppersuadethegovernmenttotransformtheminingzoneintoa

nationalpark,ElBosquedelPueblo,whichisnowprotectedbylaw.Openedin1998,

theparkrunsareforestationprogramallowingyoungandoldtoplanttreeswhere

landhasbeenexcavated(挖掘)JWehaveneverlearnedtomanagetheforest/9said

TintiDeya,alocalresident.ccWe5relikechildrendoingeverythingfbrthefirsttime,

exceptinourcasewe'regrandmothers.n

GrandmothersareeverywhereinAdjuntasandthey'reallrespectfullyaddressedas

Dofia.LalaEchevarria,an85-year-oldgreat-great-grandmother,wasbomonthe

oldeststreetintown,whereshestilllivesinasmallhome.Shegrewupbefore

electricityandrunningwater,andrememberswhenthefirstcararrivedinAdjuntas.

“Asachild,Iusedtospendallmytimecarryingwater,findingfirewood,looking

afterthechickensandthecows,“shesaid.nThereweresixteenofus.Wewouldwash

ourclothesintheriverandweusedtocookonanopenfire.Atmealtimes,wekids

wouldsitonthefloortoeat^DofiaLalawasworkingasamaidwhenshemetand

marriedtheloveofherlife,Marianothemechanic.Theyhadthirteenchildrenand

shared44yearsbeforehediedin1983.Sheshowsmethedozensofphotographsof

fourgenerationsofdescendantsthatnowfillhertinyhome.

56.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAdjuntasfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Thepeopletherehaveadeeploveofit.

B.Itistheveryplacewherecoffeeoriginated.

C.Thestreetsarelitteredwithfoodwaste.

D.Thetownissurroundedbybarbecuesite.

57.nTheprofits"(inparagraph3)refertothemoneymadefrom.

A.protectingthelandB.miningvaluablemetal

C.growingandsellingcoffeeD.transformingtheminingzone

58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofthereforestationprogram?

A.Grandmothersplayavitalroleinit.

B.Anyonecanplanttreesintheminingzone.

C.Itdidlittletohelpthebuildingofthenationalpark.

D.Itwaslaunchedtoprotestagainsttheminingoperation.

59.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Respectforgrandmothers.B.Alocalwoman'slifestory.

C.MajorchangesinAdjuntas.D.Dofias1opinionofthetown.

（B）

ExperimentwithOurFood

Wanttocookupadeliciousmeal?It*snotjustaboutthefood.Wechatto

psychologistProf.CharlesSpenceaboutthestrangescienceofgastrophysics.

Whatexactlyis'astrophysics?

Ifsacombinationof"gastronomy（美食學(xué)）"and'psychophysics',whichinvolves

thescientificstudyofhowourexperienceoffoodanddrinkisaffectedbyoursenses

andoursurroundings,notjustthefooditself.It'sasmallbutgrowingareaofresearch

whichbringstogetherpsychologists,neuroscientists,marketeers,chefs,product

designers,andevenmusicians.

Sowhatkindsofthingscanaffectoursenseoftaste?

Prettymucheverything!Fromthecolourandshapeoftheplatestotheweightand

materialofthecutlery（餐具），throughtotheshapeofthetableandthefeelofthe

chairyou'resittingon.Thenthere'sthenumberofpeopleyou'rewith,themoodyou're

in,thelightingandbackgroundmusicintherestaurant,andmemoriesassociatedwith

thefood.Whenyouputallthesefactorstogether,itaddsupalot.

What'sthemostsurprisingwayinwhichourtastecanheinfluenced?

It'stheideaof6sonicseasoning\whichusessoundstochangethetasteoffood.

Youcanaddasmuchas15percentextrasweetness,sourness,orbitternesstoafood

simplybyplayingtherightsortofmusic.We*vecreatedmusictoenhancesweetness

andbitterness,andwealsohavemusicforsour,andspicyfoods.Workingwiththe

Michelin-starredchocolatierDominiquePersooneinBelgium,weevenshowedthatif

weplayed“creamy”musicinhisstoreswecouldaddextracreaminesstohis

chocolate.

Neuroscientistshavefounddirectconnectionsinthemousebrainbetweenthe

sensesofsmellandsound,soitmightbethatthisoccursinhumanstoo.Sonic

seasoningisalreadybeingusedtoenhancemealsinfancyrestaurants,butwecould

alsoseeitbeingusedtobenefithealthby,forexample,playing'sweet'musicsothat

we'rehappywithlesssugarinourfood.

What'sthemostinnovativeuseofgastrophysicsyourveseen?

There'salothappeningintheworldofcutlerydesign.HestonBlumenthafsrestaurant

TheFatDuckiscurrentlyservingadishcalledCountingSheep,whichcomeswitha

fluffy(毛茸茸的),weightedspoonthatsmellsofbabypowder,designedtoenhance

theeatingexperience.We'vefoundthatfoodtendstotastebetterwithheavier

cutlery-possiblybecauseweassociateweightwithquality.

6O.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofgastrophysics?

A.Itcoversdifferentsubjects.B.Itneglectsfoodtosomeextent.

C.Ithasbeeninexistenceforlong.D.Itiscreatedbyapsychophysicist.

61.AccordingtoCharlesSpence,howcansonicseasoningbeusedtodogoodtoour

health?

A.Helpingustobemoreresistanttothetemptationtoeatunhealthyfood.

B.Playingsomemusictomakeusfeelourfoodissweeterthanitreallyis.

C.Makingexperimentswithmicetofindoutwhatfoodbenefitsourhealth.

0.Traininghumanbrainstoassociatecertainsoundswithaparticularflavour.

62.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratestheuseofgastrophysics?

A.Arestauranthiresapsychologisttodesignitslayout.

B.Arestaurantvariesthesweetnessofitsfood.

C.Arestaurantusesheavierplatestoservefood.

D.Arestaurantasksitscustomersforsuggestions.

(C)

Theoceanbottom一aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanthetotallandareaof

theEarth一isavastfrontierthateventodayislargelyunexploredanduncharted.Until

aboutacenturyago,thedeep-oceanfloorwascompletelyinaccessible,hidden

beneathwatersaveragingover3,6000metersdeep.Totallywithoutlightand

subjectedtointensepressureshundredsoftimesgreaterthanattheEarth'ssurface,the

deep-oceanbottomisanunfriendlyenvironmenttohumans,insomewaysas

forbiddingandremoteasouterspace.

Althoughresearchershavetakensamplesofdeep-oceanrocksandsediments

（沉淀物）fdroveracentury,thefirstdetailedglobalinvestigationoftheoceanbottom

didnotactuallystartuntil1968,withthebeginningoftheNationalScience

Foundation'sDeepSeaDrillingProject（DSDP）.Usingtechniquesfirstdevelopedfbr

theoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP'sdrillship,theGlomarChallenger,was

abletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean*ssurfaceanddrillinverydeepwaters,

gettingsamplesofsedimentsandrockfromtheoceanfloor.

TheGlomarChallengercompleted96voyagesina15-yearresearchprogram

thatendedinNovember1983.Duringthistime,theshiplogged600,000kilometers

andtookalmost20,000coresamplesofseabedsedimentsandrocksat624drilling

sitesaroundtheworld.TheGlomarChallengerscoresampleshaveallowed

geologiststoreconstructwhattheplanetlookedlikehundredsofmillionsofyearsago

andtocalculatewhatitwillprobablylooklikemillionsofyearsinthefuture.Today5

largelyonthestrengthofevidencegatheredduringtheGlomarChallengersvoyages,

nearlyallearthscientistsagreeonthetheoriesofplatetectonics（構(gòu)造學(xué)）and

continentaldriftthatexplainmanyofthegeologicalprocessesthatshapetheEarth.

ThecoresofsedimentdrilledbytheGlomarChallengerhavealsoproduced

informationcriticaltounderstandingtheworld'spastclimates.Deep-oceansediments

provideaclimaticrecordstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears,becausethey

arelargelyisolatedfromthemechanicalerosion（腐蝕）andtheintensechemicaland

biologicalactivitythatrapidlydestroymuchland-basedevidenceofpastclimates.

Thisrecordhasalreadyprovidedinsightsintothepatternsandcausesofpastclimatic

change一informationthatmaybeusedtopredictfutureclimates.

63.Theauthorreferstotheoceanbottomasanfrontier"inthefirstparagraph

because.

A.itisnotapopularareafbrscientificresearch

B.itcontainsawidevarietyoflifeforms

C.itattractscourageousexplorers

D.itisanunknownterritory

64.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheGlomarChallenger?

A.Itisanongoingproject.

B.Itisatypeofsubmarine.

C.Ithasgoneonover100voyages.

D.itmadeitsfirstDSDPvoyagein1968.

65.1nwhatwaywastheDeepSeaDrillingProjectsignificant?

A.Itwasanattempttofindnewsourcesofoilandgas.

B.Itwasthefirstextensiveexplorationoftheoceanbottom.

C.Itwascomposedofgeologistsfromallovertheworld.

D.itwasfundedentirelybythegasandoilindustry.

66.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasbeingaresultoftheDeep

SeaDrillingProject?

A.Geologistsobservedformsofmarinelifeneverbeforeseen.

B.GeologistswereabletopredicttheEarth'sfutureappearance.

C.Twogeologicaltheoriesbecamemorewidelyacceptedbyscientists.

D.InformationwasrevealedaboutthedisastersthathadhappenedontheEarth.

SectionC

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Each

sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyou

need.

A.Holdontothehopeofthelifeyoumightstillleadwhenallofthisisfinallyover.

B.Ifyou'vefoundyourselfwearingthesameT-shirtwithoutcomplaintforthelast

eightmonths,maybeit'struethatlesscanindeedbemore.

C.Themereprocessofbrowsingisoftenenoughtosatisfyyoulikeanactualspend.

D.Thisisn'talwaysabadthing.

E.ThoughIfindmyselfpickingthesamefamiliarfavouritesfromtheirhangerseach

day,Iliketohavechoice.

F.Whynotthinktwicebeforesendingyourunlovedclothesofftoenjoyanewlife?

AMaximalistCaseforaClearOut

Theannual"springclean"oftenfeelslikeanimpossibletask.Butwithmoretime

athomeonourhandsthanever,aglobalpandemic（疫情）hasreallyhighlightedthe

thingsinlifethatdoanddon*trelatetojoy-oneofthembeingourwardrobes（衣櫥）.

PmsurePmnotalonewhenIsaythatoverthepastfewmonths,theonlyclothing

Ihavereallyreachedfbrhasbeenofthemismatched,stretch-cottonvariety,wornand

re-worn.67Inthefaceoffastfashionandalarminglandfill

rates,weshouldbeproudofgivingourclothingalongandappreciativelife.Butthere

needstobeaplacefbrjoytoo.Thepartydressthatfeelsasfunasitlooks,andthe

tinyimpracticalhandbagthatonlysurviveseachclear-outbecauseofoldmemories

wovenintoit...doespracticalityalwayshavetowinoutoverjoy?

Assomebodywhooftenstrugglestoletsentimental（感性的）thingsgo,the

minimalist“capsulewardrobe“isonethatalwaysgivesmeabitofaheadache.

68Whatifgettingridofthatcardiganisassociatedwith

forgettingtheamazingnewsIreceivedwhileIwaswearingit?Whatifthoseshoes

aretheperfectfitformystillone-year-olddaughter?Itcanbedifficulttoknowwhere

tolimittheexhibitsofyourownlife'smuseum,ortopredictwhichitemswill

continuetofeellikethemostkeep-worthyversionof"you”.

Theanswertomostofthesethings,Fvefound,istheonlinesecond-handshop.

69Butifyoudofindyourselfneedinganythingnew,

second-handshoppingcanbeanaffordablewaytobuybetterqualityonceinsteadof

cheaponrepeat.

70Butbeforeyoudoawaywithyourwardrobeentirely

ifsimportanttorememberthefashionablepersonyouwerebeforethepandemic,and

canbeagain.

IV?SummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthe

mainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaras

possible.

AreOrganicFoodtheBest?

Areorganicallygrownfoodsthebestfoodchoices?Theadvantagesclaimedfor

suchfoodsoverconventionally（傳統(tǒng)方式地）grownandmarketedfoodproductsare

nowbeingdebated.Advocatesoforganicfoods-atermwhosemeaningvaries

greatly-frequentlyclaimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmorenutritiousthanothers.

Thegrowinginterestofconsumersinthesafetyandmorenutritionalqualityof

thedietisawelcomedevelopment.However,muchofthisinteresthasbeen

motivatedbysweepingclaimsthatthefoodsupplyisnotsafeoradequateinmeeting

nutritionalneeds.Althoughmostoftheseclaimsarenotsupportedbyscientific

evidence,thelargeamountofwrittenmaterialadvancingsuchclaimsmakesit

difficultforthegeneralpublictoseparatefactfromfiction.Asaresult,claimsthat

eatingadietconsistingentirelyoforganicallygrownfoodspreventsorcuresdisease

orprovidesotherbenefitstohealthhavebecomewidelypublicizedandformthebasis

forfolklore.

Almostdailythepublicissurroundedbyclaimsfor"no-aging“diets,new

vitamins,andotherwonderfoods.Therearenumerousunsubstantiatedreportsthat

naturalvitaminsaresuperiortosyntheticones,thatfertilizedeggsarenutritionally

superiortounfertilizedeggs,thatuntreated