外文翻譯-室內(nèi)裝潢設(shè)計(jì)

附錄A中文譯文室內(nèi)裝潢設(shè)計(jì)隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程的加快，WTO也以勢(shì)不可擋的趨勢(shì)進(jìn)入中國(guó)，國(guó)外裝飾行業(yè)也會(huì)象其它行業(yè)一樣大舉搶灘中國(guó)最后一塊沃土。博大而古老的中國(guó)正在不斷經(jīng)受著外來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的“侵略”，很多有見地的業(yè)界人士都在思考醞釀著國(guó)內(nèi)裝飾行業(yè)的發(fā)展和方向。應(yīng)該欣慰的看到，國(guó)內(nèi)裝飾行業(yè)從無(wú)到有雖只有短短的十五六年的時(shí)間，但已成為支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)并帶動(dòng)一大批相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)和人員的發(fā)展，并成為空前繁榮的市場(chǎng)。從業(yè)人員已經(jīng)脫胎換骨，同第一批前輩有了量和質(zhì)的飛躍。因?yàn)榈谌齻€(gè)梯形編隊(duì),更加年輕的世代所有并且接受好教育和知識(shí)逐漸影響,是在這個(gè)行業(yè)最新的血液。作者居住在裝飾行業(yè)被開發(fā)的美國(guó)和一次工作了幾年,那里有理解對(duì)裝飾行業(yè)。首先一點(diǎn)是必須說(shuō)明的，由于兩國(guó)的政治體制、綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力、社會(huì)背景和文化價(jià)值觀念的不同，因而在裝飾行業(yè)也有著與國(guó)內(nèi)不同的行業(yè)規(guī)范、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理模式美國(guó)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)ASID（AmericanSocietyInteriorDesigners），IIDA國(guó)際室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)，美國(guó)建筑師學(xué)會(huì)AIA，美國(guó)建筑透視圖工作者協(xié)會(huì)ASAP，這些都是與建筑裝飾相關(guān)的專業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)。同國(guó)內(nèi)一樣，是行業(yè)組織的專業(yè)學(xué)會(huì)，擁有自己的會(huì)刊、因特網(wǎng)站，負(fù)責(zé)評(píng)審鑒定設(shè)計(jì)師的資質(zhì)和資格。一定包括年卓著的工作評(píng)估。學(xué)社會(huì)通常出版領(lǐng)域最新的傾向,新聞,重點(diǎn)題目,工作介紹,新材料,新技術(shù)促進(jìn)在出版物的各種各樣的問(wèn)題,和提供所有成員的通信,聯(lián)絡(luò)方法,為了所有者和物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)工廠相互連接、學(xué)術(shù)社會(huì)和出版物主要依賴性會(huì)員資格應(yīng)得物和廣告。當(dāng)然，他們還會(huì)不定期地各種專業(yè)性較強(qiáng)的研討會(huì)，加強(qiáng)行業(yè)專業(yè)的信息溝通交流，同國(guó)內(nèi)所不同的是，美國(guó)的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)從業(yè)者是須有執(zhí)業(yè)資格的（即持證上崗），不只是室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)，甚至是布藝、園藝、陳設(shè)品、家具皆如此。當(dāng)然，加入?yún)f(xié)會(huì)也是需要考核的，必須通過(guò)嚴(yán)格的專業(yè)考核（FIDER）。協(xié)會(huì)的工作不僅僅是加強(qiáng)會(huì)員間聯(lián)系，更重要的是維護(hù)室內(nèi)裝飾從業(yè)人員的權(quán)益和利益，制定行業(yè)規(guī)范，避免不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，使業(yè)界從業(yè)人員有一個(gè)良好的機(jī)制，維護(hù)行業(yè)的良性循環(huán)。據(jù)悉，北京市也將實(shí)行室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師從業(yè)執(zhí)照制度。裝飾材料市場(chǎng).美國(guó)是個(gè)高度壟斷化的商業(yè)社會(huì)，建材裝飾業(yè)同樣也是遍布全美。大型超市的一大優(yōu)勢(shì)就是可以以較低的價(jià)格、最快的信息和運(yùn)輸渠道，較好的服務(wù)方式，滿足用戶。以我常去的HQ為例，巨大的超市宛如飛機(jī)制造廠，大至原木、板材、石膏板，小至各種規(guī)格螺釘、鐵絲，全部都?xì)w類明確，一絲不茍條理分明的擺放著，上面極清楚的標(biāo)明價(jià)格、規(guī)格、包裝，同時(shí)，又有專業(yè)的售貨員為你服務(wù)，絕對(duì)童叟無(wú)欺。你要的每樣?xùn)|西，店員會(huì)清楚的告知你價(jià)格、優(yōu)惠幅度……清清楚楚的打印出購(gòu)物單證、價(jià)格，并允許在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)無(wú)條件退貨、換貨。一方面，美國(guó)人崇尚自己動(dòng)手，一方面，勞動(dòng)力的昂貴，使建材超市的貨品大多是工業(yè)化的半成品，并配套賣很多關(guān)于如何自己動(dòng)手作裝飾的書和錄像帶，回去看看，自己動(dòng)手作即可。除了上述幾家大型超市外，其余就象服裝樣品店一樣，都是各專業(yè)廠家或?qū)I(yíng)某種品牌的連鎖店，如專賣燈具、家具，專賣布藝，專賣某種風(fēng)格裝飾品的店P(guān)ielimportsPotterYbarn……高度的專業(yè)化分工，充分滿足個(gè)性化的需求，無(wú)論你需要什么風(fēng)格、材料，甚至某個(gè)國(guó)家、某個(gè)年代時(shí)期的裝飾品、家具，都可以在這里找到和定制。巨大的裝飾材料配套市場(chǎng)充分滿足了不同風(fēng)格、個(gè)性業(yè)主及設(shè)計(jì)師的需求，可以原汁原味的體現(xiàn)整體設(shè)計(jì)的概念。隨著國(guó)內(nèi)金融體制的改革，信用也逐漸走進(jìn)我們的生活，記得“北京青年報(bào)”曾對(duì)個(gè)人信用的概念和范圍作過(guò)些討論，在此不再贅述。國(guó)家也把守信用、重合同放在衡量企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一，希望我們的裝飾材料經(jīng)銷、生產(chǎn)商多一些誠(chéng)實(shí)本分的信用，維護(hù)良好的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，希望我們的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)從業(yè)人員，及早地認(rèn)識(shí)到，信用如同學(xué)歷、知識(shí)一樣，是你的個(gè)人價(jià)值體現(xiàn)。國(guó)內(nèi)與國(guó)外在室內(nèi)裝修設(shè)計(jì)上的區(qū)別根本在于經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)與上層建筑的不同，因而導(dǎo)致在價(jià)值觀和審美觀設(shè)計(jì)理念、設(shè)計(jì)認(rèn)識(shí)上的根本區(qū)別。我以為，這是首要和必須的前提。以中美兩國(guó)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)從根本認(rèn)識(shí)上的不同可以看出，美國(guó)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)所崇尚的風(fēng)格是個(gè)性化、自然化，對(duì)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的認(rèn)識(shí)是整體的，空間的，而非表面的裝飾的，注重設(shè)計(jì)，而非裝飾表象。我覺得這個(gè)話題太大也太專業(yè)，因?yàn)橥高^(guò)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)表面，太多地是反映出不同國(guó)家不同人的價(jià)值觀、審美觀，包括中國(guó)的室內(nèi)教育本身，它的立足點(diǎn)和出發(fā)點(diǎn)是截然不同的。記得曾看到一些文章，質(zhì)疑中國(guó)的設(shè)計(jì)教育（包括室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)）是頗有見地的。文章認(rèn)為，首先國(guó)內(nèi)的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)教育注意表面的、裝飾內(nèi)容。21世紀(jì)是信息化的社會(huì)，商業(yè)信息、設(shè)計(jì)信息……處在這個(gè)大環(huán)境下的設(shè)計(jì)師，更應(yīng)該時(shí)時(shí)提高自己對(duì)信息的重視程度，接受最新的設(shè)計(jì)理論和行業(yè)動(dòng)態(tài)，及時(shí)的調(diào)整自己，最快的知道新材料、新技術(shù)、新思想，及時(shí)地與同行溝通及商務(wù)交往。國(guó)外的設(shè)計(jì)公司、設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院，甚至很多設(shè)計(jì)師自己，都擁有自己的電子信箱和因特網(wǎng)站，用來(lái)對(duì)外交流、展示和商業(yè)活動(dòng)，設(shè)計(jì)師通過(guò)信息高速公路，加快了互相之間的溝通，縮短了時(shí)空，在這一點(diǎn)上，國(guó)內(nèi)的裝飾行業(yè)或院校都作得很不夠，絕大多數(shù)還在傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)營(yíng)模式中徘徊。記得曾看過(guò)美國(guó)的一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)院校學(xué)生的網(wǎng)上討論及作品發(fā)表，從設(shè)計(jì)開始直至結(jié)束，每一過(guò)程均上網(wǎng)。同樣，作為在寫字樓和設(shè)計(jì)公司中工作的設(shè)計(jì)師，也可以完全通過(guò)另一種方式選擇材料、樣板，通過(guò)上網(wǎng)，通過(guò)裝飾材料商業(yè)網(wǎng)站，直接和生產(chǎn)企業(yè)聯(lián)系，取得最新資料。裝飾材料生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的商品目錄、價(jià)格也通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、光碟等新的載體，向外發(fā)布。所以室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)，裝飾行業(yè)也像其它所有行業(yè)一樣，同樣經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)“技術(shù)革命”?？上驳氖牵瑖?guó)內(nèi)裝飾行業(yè)已逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到與世界的距離，首先在觀念、思想上爭(zhēng)取和國(guó)際接軌，在行業(yè)管理及相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)上逐步完善和健全。令我感受最深的是，美國(guó)人崇尚自然，尊敬大自然，他們對(duì)建筑、對(duì)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的追求也同樣基于這點(diǎn)。美國(guó)的民居，甚至辦公樓都是用木或石、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，室內(nèi)只是最簡(jiǎn)單的乳膠漆或化纖地毯，極少有國(guó)內(nèi)昂貴的木夾板、木材、純木地板、名貴石材或金屬。因?yàn)樗麄冇袊?yán)格的環(huán)保法律規(guī)定，所用的建材盡可能地可以回收二次利用。當(dāng)然，他們并非用不起或沒有，大量豪華寫字樓中同樣用著最貴重的石材和金屬，講究的線條及燈飾，名貴木材家具。占全球人口很少的美國(guó)人卻消耗著全球80%的能源。然而，他們寧肯花錢從國(guó)外進(jìn)口木材、石材、建材，也絕少動(dòng)用自己的青山綠水，寧愿花錢仿制各種仿真、仿自然的復(fù)合裝飾材料，也不向大自然索取。克林頓訪問(wèn)中國(guó)時(shí)，在參觀一戶人家的新居時(shí)，看到了滿屋鋪的純木地板，不由嘆道，他家都鋪不起這樣名貴的地板。他沒有錢嗎？最近看報(bào)，克林頓一家在紐約的新寓所就值4800萬(wàn)美元，問(wèn)題很簡(jiǎn)單，兩國(guó)在對(duì)待環(huán)保認(rèn)識(shí)上是不同的，至少是在實(shí)施中是不同的。舉個(gè)典型的例子，國(guó)內(nèi)從省到市到地、縣大興土木建的文化廣場(chǎng)，其模式就是大型音樂電腦燈光噴泉，主題雕塑，滿地拋光大理石、玻璃鋼花盆。賓館大堂，無(wú)一例外地鋪著拋光的名貴石材，極少有人關(guān)注，它對(duì)人行走的不便與難清潔，就包括我們的家裝，也是千篇一律的模式，均是以豪華作為室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)施工好與壞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所有這些現(xiàn)象雖然從專業(yè)角度來(lái)看不盡人意，但畢竟相比裝修業(yè)初期，已經(jīng)大大的進(jìn)步發(fā)展了。在滿足我們富有的感覺之后，我們是否應(yīng)該追求些內(nèi)在的東西？附錄Ｂ外文譯文AmericanInteriorDecorationDesignIndustryAlongwithwholeworldeconomicintegrationadvancementspeedingup,WTOalsoentersChinabytheirresistibletendency,theoverseasdecorationprofessionalsocanlooklikeotherprofessionsequallyonalargescaletohastentogroundtheChinesefinallytogetherfertilesoil.GreatandancientChinaunceasinglyisundergoingtheexternaleconomyandtheculture"theaggression",theverymanyhaveaheadonshoulderfieldspublicfiguresallponderisfermentingthedomesticdecorationprofessiondevelopmentandthedirection.Shouldgratifiedsee,thedomesticdecorationprofessiongrowsoutofnothingalthoughonlyhastheshort15yearsthetime,buthasbecomethepillarindustryandleadslargequantitiesofcorrelationsindustriesandpersonnel'sdevelopment,andbecomestheunprecedentedprosperitythemarket.Thejobholdersalreadywasreborn,hadthequantityandthequantitiveleapwiththefirstgroupofseniors.Asthethirdechelon,theyoungergenerationalsoallinisacceptingthegoodeducationandknowledgegraduallyinfluencing,isinthisprofessionthefreshestblood.TheauthoroncelivedindecorationprofessiondevelopedUSandhasworkedforseveralyears,alsohadtheunderstandingtotheredecorationprofession.Here,constructsthedecorationmagazinewiththeaidofHebeitointroducegiveseverybody,suppliesthereference.Firstismustexplain,asaresultofbothcountriespoliticalsystem,synthesiseconomicpotentiality,socialbackgroundandculturalvalueideadifference,thusalsohasinthedecorationprofessionwiththedomesticdifferentprofessionstandard,themanagementpattern.TheprofessionmanagesintheAmericanroomtodesignassociationASID(AmericanSocietyInteriorDesigners),intheIIDAOfficeofForeignRelationsdesignstheassociation,theAmericanarchitectlearnsAIA,USarchitecturalperspectiveworkerassociationASAP,theseallaretheconstructiondecorationrelatedprofessionalassociation.Withdomesticissame,istheprofessionorganization'sspecializedacademicsociety,hasownpublishedconferenceproceeding,theInternetstation,isresponsibletoappraiseappraisesdesigner'sintelligenceandthequalifications.Certainlyincludestheyearoutstandingworkstheevaluation.Theacademicsocietyregularlypublishesthefieldnewesttendency,thenews,thefocalpointtopic,theworkintroduction,thenewmaterial,thenewtechnicalpromotioninvariousissueofpublication,andprovidesallmembers'communication,thecontactmethod,inordertoownerandmaterialproductionfactorymutualconnection,academicsocietyandpublicationmaindependencemembershipduesandadvertisement.Certainly,theyalsocannon-periodicallyeachspecializedstrongerseminar,strengthentheprofessionspecializedinformationcommunicationexchange,with,inUS'Sroomwhichdomesticisdifferentdesignsbeingemployedismusthavethediscipleofamasterqualifications(namelytoholdcardtopost),notonlyintheroomdesigns,evenistheclothskill,thegardening,thearrangement,thefurnitureallso.Certainly,joinstheassociationalsoisneedstoinspect,mustthroughthestrictspecializedinspection(FIDER).Association'sworknotmerelyisstrengthensbetweenthemembertorelate,moreimportantlymaintainstheinteriordecorationrightsandinterestsandthebenefit,theformulationprofessionstandard,avoidsnotrightcompeting,enablethefieldjobholderstohaveagoodmechanism,defendstheprofessionthepositivecycle.Itisreported,Beijingalsowillimplementintheroomthedesignertobeemployedthelicensesystem.DecorationmaterialmarketUSishighlymonopolizesthecommercialsociety,thebuildingmaterialsdecorationindustrysimilarlyalsoproliferatestheentireAmerica.Alarge-scalesupermarketbigsuperiorityisbyalowerprice,thequickestinformationandthetransportationchannel,thebetterserviceway,satisfiestheuser.HQoftengoeswhichbymeisanexample,thegiantsupermarketjustliketheaircraftfactory,greatlytothelog,theplate,theplastertablet,slightlytoeachkindofspecificationbolt,theironwire,completelyallclassifiesisclearabout,isdistinctlyscrupulousabouteverydetailorderlinessdistinctlytoplace,onthepoleofthefaceclearmarksthepriceclearly,thespecification,thepacking,simultaneously,alsohasthespecialtythesalesclerkservesforyou,absolutelytreatsboththeyoungandtheoldhonestly.Youwanteachtypethings,thesalesclerkcanclearinformyourprice,themarginofpreference.theprice,andthepermissionunconditionallyreturngoodsinthescheduledtime,exchangesgoods.Ononehand,theAmericanadvocatesoneselfbegins,ontheotherhand,laborforceexpensive,causesthebuildingmaterialssupermarketthegoodsmostlyistheindustrializationhalf-finishedproduct,andhowmatchesareverymanyaboutownbeginstomakethedecorationthebookandthevideotape,goesbackhasalook,ownbegintodothen.Besidestheaboveseverallarge-scalesupermarkets,otherlikelyclothingsampleshopissame,alliseachspecializedfactoryormonopolizessomekindofbrandthechainstore,likespecializesinsellingthelampsandlanterns,thefurniture,specializesinsellingtheclothskill,specializesinsellingsomekindofstyleornamentshopPielimportsPotterYbarn.Altitudespecializeddivisionoflabor,fullsatisfiedindividualitydemand,regardlessofyouneedanystyle,thematerial,evensomenational,someagetimeornament,thefurniture,allmayfindinhereandhavecustom-made.Thehugedecorationmaterialnecessarymarkethasfullysatisfiedthedifferentstyle,theindividualityowneranddesigner'sdemand,maymanifesttheoveralldesigntheconcept.Alongwiththedomesticmonetarysystemreform,thecreditalsograduallyentersourlife,remembered"theBeijingyouthreported"oncehasmadeadiscussiontoindividualcreditconceptandthescope,nolongergaveunnecessarydetailinthis.Thecountryalsoguardsthecredit,thesuperpositionwithputsmanagesoneofstandardsintheweightenterprise,hopedourdecorationmaterialsaleoncommission,theproducermanysomehonestdutiescredit,maintainsthegoodmarketenvironment,hopedinourroomdesignsthejobholders,earlyrealized,thecreditissimilartotheschoolrecord,theknowledgeissame,isyourindividualvaluemanifests.Domesticandoverseasbasicliesintheeconomicbasisandtheovertopstructuredifferenceinthehousedecorationdesigndifference,thuscausesinthevaluesandintheaestheticstandarddesignidea,thedesignunderstandingbasicdifference.Ithought,thisismostimportantandmustpremise.DesignsbytheChinaandAmericaroominfromthebasicunderstandingisdifferentmaysee,intheAmericanroomdesignsthestylewhichadvocatesistheindividuality,thenature,designstheunderstandingtotheroominisoverall,space,butnon-superficialdecoration,atteniondesign,butnon-decorationrepresentation.Ithinkthistopictoogreatlyalsotoospecialized,becauseinthepenetrationroomdesignsthesurface,toomanyarereflectedthedifferentnationaldifferentperson'svalues,theaestheticstandard,educateincludinginChina'sroomitself,itsstandpointandthestartingpointareentirelydifferent.Rememberedoncesawsomearticles,questionedChinesethedesigneducation(designsincludingroomin)wasquitehaveaheadonshoulder.Thearticlebelievedthat,firstinthedomesticroomdesignstheeducationattentionsurface,thedecoration,butthenon-constructionintheroomspatialcontinuing,orsaidintheroomconstructs.Inthearchitectandtheroomthedesignerdoesnotlinkup,regardlessoftotheconstructionextensionortheconnotation,totheconstructionwholeandthepartialvariation,theprimaryandsecondarychange,thematerialrelation,thestyleunificationintegrity,allmutuallycomesapart,isnotconnected,thisfundamentallywithoverseashasthebasicdifference.First,inUS'Sroomthedesignerhaswellemployedtheatmosphere.First,hasowner'scompletetrustrequestandtodesignstheworktherespect,hasclearabouttheclearinvestmentintentionandthemanagementplan,theowneronlysetstherequest,thedesignerisresponsibleforthecomprehensivedesignandtheplan,includingoverallcreativity,partialspatialdesign,untilarranges,theapparatus,whatprovidesisacompletespaceoveralldesign.Butthedomesticdesigngoesagainst,foursidesthewall,inadditioneitherdoesnotdesign,eitherwashelpless.Inthisthehardthingtobringup,thoughteverybodyisclear.Second,theeconomicbasisandtheentiresocialvalues,theaestheticstandardhavedifferentlycausedthedesignstyledifference.Itiswellknown,Chinajustgotridimpoverished,steppedtowell-off,eagerlytoedmakeclearown"thestrength"and"rich",thereupon,regardlessofwereourthepartyofthefirstpartorouroneself,allbelieving,everywasthegooddesign,hadtobethecomplexmodellingandtheexpensivematerial,hadtobetheRomancolumnandpolishesthegranite.Thereupon,wehadthestereotypedfivestarclassesguesthouse,thestarclasshotel,theluxuriousdiningroom,thebowlinghallOurdesignpersonnelaremoreandmorebusyatthepicturediningroom,theKTVpackage,thesaunaHopedoureachdesignpersonnel,itinfatuatedwithwhenthemodelling,theline,thecolor,thematerial,paysgreatattentiontosomecriteria,paysgreatattentiontosomeculturalconnotations,caredaboutsomeenvironmentalprotections,studysomeAmericaandthepracticalrelationsmuch.Thedomesticprojectbidtheeffectchartwarsituationnottoneedtosaymuch,everybodywasatthesametimealsoisavictim.Itwassaid,somecompaniespreparewiththecomputeranimationtobid,tomaketheplan,thisatmospherespreadgetsdown,tomakeabathroomalltowanttheomni-directionaldemonstration,allmusteatanddrink,thesaunaaddsthemassage,isn'thowcanitbethatpitiful.Hopedourbeingemployeditselfmustpayattentiondesignsitselfbutthenon-effectchart.Ithoughtthat,canachieveaboveseveraltobeindeedverydifficult,however,ifleftthecomplexmodellingandtheluxuriousmaterial,cannotmakethedesignthenismoremiserable.Similarlyisintheroomdesigns,inoverseas,alreadyhighlydividedthework,hasthecommercialdesign,alsohadtheguesthouse,thehotel,hadinformationindustrieshightech,alsohadthecharacterandstyleplacecharacteristicThehighsocializeddivisionoflaborrequestdesignsthepersonnelinsomedomainmorespecialized,ismoreexhaustive.Intheroomthedesignpublicfigureshouldvigilantlysee,theoverseasdesignersimilarlyalsoonalargescaleseizesthemarketinthepreparation.HasalookBeijing,Shanghai'ssomelarge-scalepublicbuildings,doesnothaveinoverseasarchitectandroomwhichoneisnotinvitesdesigner.Thedomesticcolleagueifdoesnotpayattentionagainenhances,thengreatdanger.Cityisatwhichbyme,inUSalsocalculatedmediumscale,decorationcompany,designcompany,farinferiordomesticsuchcrowded,thedesign,thedecorationcompanycanhavetheperformancetheopportunitynottobecertainlymany,everyhastheengineeringproject,isnoteasytoseetherepairprojectandperipherythebrightcontrast.Becausetheyregardlessofarethecivilengineering,thebuildingmaterialsprofession,thearrangementconductindustry,thefurniture,thelampsandlanterns,theliningtheseinteriordecorationfactoroveralldesigns,thetechnologicallevelallveryhigh,thenecessarycompatibilitystrong,allcommoditiesdirectlybuyplacehavebeengoodontheeffect,ifnotspeciallyrequests,simplydoesnothavetorepairthecompany.Becausetheculturalcontextisdifferent,EastandWestintheestheticonpursuealsoisentirelydifferent,manifestsonthehousedecorationdesignandthetimberwood.TheEuropeanandAmericanadvocationnature,asfaraspossiblefromthegeography,thepsychologyandthefeelingapproachesthenature,likesthenaturalmaterialqualitylikelumber,thestonematerial,appreciatestheplantthenaturalform,thefurniturenaturalsenseofreality,therespecthandicrafts.Actually,thisallisinthehighlydevelopedmaterialbase,persontonaturalbeautyhopeandreturn.Emphasizedtheindividualitypursue,causesAmericanthedesignartpresentsbountifully,"allflowersbloomstogether"theaspect,eachkindofstyle,theschoolallmayobtainthedevelopment,andhaseachonedifferentexpensesocialstratum.ThesamewithUS'Seducation,designeristhestudent,evenwhenelementaryandmiddleschools,kindergarten,paysgreatattentiontowillnotbetakesatesttheresult,astudyitemplaceisnotentersahigherschoolforthecollegeentranceexamination,theypaygreatattentiontoverymuchbegintheabilityandthecreativethoughtmethodraise,theencouragementindividuality,theinitiativepondered,forcreativitywhichwillworkinthefuture,hasprovidedagoodthinkingmodefoundation,whenthestudentgraduationwillhavethroughtheprofessionalqualificationtesttobeFIDER,theFIDERbasicstartingpointisinsetofcompleteroomsdesignstheprofessionaleducation,shouldbeabalancedsystem,alsowillprovidetheaspectofknowledgebroadcultureandeducation,Alsoteachesthespecializedskillwhichthespecializedpracticemustgrasp,theFIDERstandardinthespecializedstudyaspecthaseightkindofcontents:1st,theartisticfoundationandthecreativityraise2,therationale3,intheroomdesigns4,thetechnicalknowledge5,thedesignperformanceskill6,theoccupationpracticeknowledge7,artanddesigns8,theresearchabilityEachkindmaysubdividefortheverymanybranchescategory,likeintheroomdesigns,includingthehomeenvironmentandthenon-homeenvironment,thenon-homeenvironmentdesignwasdividedintothebusinessenvironment,theworkenvironment,theretailsales,thedisplay,thehotel,thehotelandthehygieneeducationandsoon,Eachaspectallincludesthehumanbodyengineering,thespecialenvironmentdesign,thedesigntreatingprocesses(thedesigndutyplans,thedesignidea,thedesignappraisal,thespatialorganization,thefurniturearrangementandthechoice,thespecialusedesign,thedetailing(thecolor,thematerial,thelight,thefurnitureequipmentandthetextile......))Thestudentshouldgraspthiskindofspecializedknowledge,andcanutilizeintheconcretedesign.Theyspeciallyemphasizedstudent'sindependentthinking,theoriginalityandsolvethequestionability,emphasizedthewidespreadaspectofknowledge,takesthecreativethoughttheraise.Theoccupationpracticeknowledge,requeststhestudentinparticularpractisestointhejoblocationorthecompany,reducesfromtheschooltosociety'sdistance,thedomesticfactalsoso,graduatesinthestudentintheemploymentadvertise,thesocietyorthecompanyoftenneedishastheexperiencetoworktwoyearaboutstudent,theyhavethenewthoughtandthecertainspecializedskill,directlymaycarryonthebestactivestatus.Theemphasisstudiestheresearchabilitytothestudenttheraise,namelythedesignplanswithprocessprocessing,educatesthecontentandinspectionstandardFIDERbytheAmericanroominmaysee,thisistheeducationpatternandthecontentwhichaqualifieddesignershouldaccept.The21stcenturyaretheinformationsociety,thecommercialinformation,thedesigninformation......Occupiesunderthisbigenvironmentdesigner,shouldenhanceattimesoneselftotheinformationthevaluedegree,acceptsthenewestdesigntheoryandtheprofessiontendency,promptadjustsoneself,quickestknowsthenewmaterial,thenewtechnology,thenewthought,promptlyandcolleaguecommunicationandcommercialcontact.Overseasdesigncompany,designinstitute,evenverymanydesigners,allhaveownemailandtheInternetstation,usesfortheforeignexchange,thedemonstrationandthecommercialactivity,thedesignerthroughtheinformationsuperhighwayinformationsuperhighway,spedupmutuallythebetweencommunication,reducedthespaceandtime,inthispoint,thedomesticdecorationprofessionorthecollegesanduniversitiesalldoesverymuchinsufficiently,theoverwhelmingmajorityalsopacesbackandforthinthetraditionalmanagementpattern.RememberedoncelookedatUS'Stodesignthecollegesanduniversitiesstudent'son-linediscussionandtheworkpublication,startsfromthedesignuntiltofinish,eachprocessaccessesthenet.Similarly,tookworksthedesignerintheofficeandthedesigncompany,alsomaycompletelythroughanotherwaychoicematerial,themodel,throughaccessthenet,throughthedecorationmaterialcommercialwebsite,isdirectandtheproductionenterpriserelation,obtainsthenewestmaterial.Thedecorationmaterialproductionenterprise'sinventory,thepricealsothroughthenetwork,thediscandsoonthenewcarrier,issuedtooutside.Thereforeintheroomdesigns,thedecorationprofessionalsolikesotherallprofessionstobesame,similarlyisexperiencing"thetechnologicalrevolution".Encouragingthedomesticdecorationprofessionhadgraduallyrealizedtowiththeworlddistance,firstintheidea,thethoughtstrivesforwithinternationallyconnectsrails,graduallyperfectandperfectintheprofessionmanagementandinthecorrelationlegallawsandregulations.Makesmefeeldeeply,theAmericanadvocatesthenature,respectsthenature,theytotheconstruction,thepursuewhichdesignstotheroominalsosimilarlybasedonthisspot.US'Scommonpeopleresidence,eventheoffice