公路工程名詞術(shù)語中英文對照

公路工程名詞術(shù)語中英文對照公路highway道路road公路工程highwayengineering公路網(wǎng)highwaynetwork公路網(wǎng)密度highwaydensity公路等級highwayclassification公路自然區(qū)劃climaticzoningforhighway公路用地highwayright--of--way高速公路freeway等級公路classifiedhighway輔道reliefroad干線公路arterialhighway支線公路feederhighway專用公路accommodatehighway國家干線公路（國道）nationaltrunkhighway.省級干線公路（省道）provincialtrunkhighway縣公路（縣道）countyroad鄉(xiāng)公路（鄉(xiāng)道）townshiproad輻射式公路radialhighway環(huán)形公路ringhighway繞行公路bypass交通構(gòu)造trafficstructure交通構(gòu)成trafficcomposition混合交通mixedtraffic交通流trafficflow交通流理論trafficflowtheory車流vehiclestream交通密度trafficdensity車頭間距Spaceheadway車頭時(shí)距timeheadway車間凈距vehiculargap延誤delay地點(diǎn)速度spotspeed行駛速度runningspeed運(yùn)行速度operatingspeed臨界速度criticalspeed平均速度averagespeed計(jì)算行車速度(設(shè)計(jì)車速)designspeed交通量trafficvolume年平均日交通量annualaveragedaily月平均日交通量monthlyaveragedailytraffic年第30位最大小時(shí)交通量thirtiethhighestannualhourlyvolume年最大小時(shí)交通量maximumannualhourlyvolume設(shè)計(jì)小時(shí)交通量designhourlyvolume通行能力trafficcapacity基本通行能力basictrafficcapacity也許通行能力possibletrafficcapacity設(shè)計(jì)通行能力designtrafficcapacity道路服務(wù)水平levelofservice公路交通規(guī)劃trafficplanning交通調(diào)查trafficsurvey交通量調(diào)查trafficvolumesurvey交通量觀測站trafficvolumeobservationstation起迄點(diǎn)調(diào)查（OD調(diào)查）origin-destinationstudy出行trip境內(nèi)交通localtraffic過境交通throughtraffic交通發(fā)生trafficgeneration交通分布trafficdistribution交通分派trafficassignment交通預(yù)測trafficprognosis行車道carriageway分離式行車道Dividedcarriageway車道lane變速車道speed-changelane加速車道accelerationlane減速車道decelerationlane爬坡車道climbinglane停車道parkinglane錯(cuò)車道turn-outlane自行車道cyclepath路側(cè)人行道sidewalk分隔帶laneseparator中央分隔帶mediandivider中間帶centralstrip路肩shoulder；verge路緣帶marginalstrip路緣石kerb；curb側(cè)向余寬lateralclearance路拱camber；crown路拱橫坡crownslope公路建筑限界clearanceofhighway公路路線highwayroute公路線形highwayalignment平面線形horizontalalignment縱面線形verticalalignment線形要素alignmentelements平曲線horizontalcurve極限最小平曲線半徑limitedminimumradiusofhorizontalcurv復(fù)曲線compoundcurve反向曲線reversecurve斷背曲線broken-backcurve回頭曲線switch-backcurve緩和曲線transitioncurve豎曲線verticalcurve彎道加寬curvewidening加寬緩和段transitionzoneofcurve超高superelevation超高緩和段superelevationrunoff縱坡longitudinalgradient最大縱坡maximumlongitudinalgradient最小縱坡minimumlongitudinalgradient變坡點(diǎn)gradechangepoint平均縱坡averagegradient坡長限制gradelengthlimitation高原縱坡折減highlandgradecompensation緩和坡段transitiongradingzone合成坡度resultantgradient視距sightdistance停車視距non-passingsightdistance，stoppingsightdistance超車視距passingsightdistance道路交叉roadintersection道口railroadgradecrossing平面交叉at-gradeintersection；gradecrossing正交叉right-angleintersection斜交叉skewintersection環(huán)形交叉rotaryintersection十字形交叉”十”intersectionT形交叉Tintersection錯(cuò)位交叉offsetintersection；staggeredjunctionY形交叉Yintersection立體交叉gradeseparation分離式立體交叉simplegradeseparation，separategradecrossing互通式立體交叉Interchange目蓿葉形立體交叉fullcloverleafinterchange部分目蓿葉形立體交叉cloverleafinterchange菱形立體交叉diamondinterchange定向式立體交叉directionalinterchange喇叭形立體交叉three-Leginterchange環(huán)形立體交叉rotaryinterchange匝道ramp交叉口roadcrossing；intersection交叉口進(jìn)口intersectionentrance交叉口出口intersectionexit加鋪轉(zhuǎn)角式交叉口intersectionwithwidenedcorners拓寬路口式交叉口flaredintersection分道轉(zhuǎn)彎式交叉口channelizedintersection渠化交通channelization交錯(cuò)weaving交錯(cuò)路段weavingsection合流converging分流diverging沖突點(diǎn)conflictpoint交通島trafficisland導(dǎo)流島channelizationisland中心島centralisland安全島refugeisland沿線設(shè)施roadsidefacilities交通安全設(shè)施trafficsafetydevice人行橫道crosswalk人行地道pedestrianunderpass人行天橋pedestrianovercrossing護(hù)欄guardfence防護(hù)柵guardfence，safetybarrier遮光柵anti-dizzlingscreen應(yīng)急emergencytelephone反光標(biāo)志reflectivesign反光路鈕reflectivebutton彎道反光鏡trafficmirror道路交通標(biāo)志roadtrafficsign警告標(biāo)志warningsign禁令標(biāo)志regulatorysign指示標(biāo)志guidesign指路標(biāo)志informationsign輔助標(biāo)志auxiliarysign可變信息標(biāo)志changeablemessagesign路面標(biāo)線pavementmarking防雪設(shè)施snowprotectionfacilities防沙設(shè)施sandsprotectionfacilities隔音墻acousticbarrier停車場parkingarea踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibilitystudy線形設(shè)計(jì)highwayalignmentdesign公路景觀設(shè)計(jì)highwaylandscapedesign選線routeselection路線控制點(diǎn)controlpoint定線location比較線alternativeline展線linedevelopment初測preliminarysurvey定測locationsurvey地貌topographicfeature地物culture地形topography臺地terrace埡口pass；saddleback平原區(qū)plainterrain微丘區(qū)rollingterrain重丘區(qū)hillyterrain山嶺區(qū)mountainousterrain沿溪線valleyline山脊線ridgeline山坡線hill-sideline越嶺線ridgecrossingline土方調(diào)配cut-filltransition土方調(diào)配圖cut-filltransitionprogram土方調(diào)配經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距economicalhaulingdistance導(dǎo)線traverse導(dǎo)線測量traversesurvey中線centerline中線測量centerlinesurvey施工測量constructionsurvey竣工測量finalsurvey(路線)平面圖plan交點(diǎn)intersectionpoint虛交點(diǎn)imaginaryintersectionpoint轉(zhuǎn)點(diǎn)turningpoint；轉(zhuǎn)角intersectionangle方位角azimuthangle象限角bearing方向角directionangle切線長tangentlength曲線長curvelength外(矢)距externalsecant測站instrumentstation測點(diǎn)observationpoint中樁centerstake加樁additionalstake護(hù)樁referencestake斷鏈brokenchainage水準(zhǔn)測量levelingsurvey水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)benchmark絕對基面absolutedatum高程elevation地面高程groundelevation設(shè)計(jì)高程designedelevation(路線)縱斷面圖profile中樁填挖高度cutandfillatcenterstake地形測量topographicsurvey基線baseline地形圖topographicmap等高線contourline橫斷面測量cross-sectionalsurvey橫斷面圖cross-section坑探pittest鉆探boring攝影測量photogrammetry航空攝影測量aerialphotogrammetry地面立體攝影測量groundstereophotogrammetry地面控制點(diǎn)測量groundcontrol-pointsurvey航攝基線aerophotobase影像地圖photographicmap像片索引圖(鑲輯復(fù)照圖)photoindex航攝像片判讀aerophotointerpretation綜合法測圖planimatricphoto全能法測圖universalphoto微分法測圖differentialphoto像片鑲嵌圖photomosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路塹cutting半填半挖式路基partcut-partfillsubgrade臺口式路基benchedsubgrade路基寬度widthofsubgrade路基設(shè)計(jì)高程designelevationofsubgrade(路基)最小填土高度minimumheightoffill邊坡sideslope邊坡坡度gradeofsideslope(邊)坡頂topofslope(邊)坡腳toeofslope護(hù)坡道berm邊坡平臺plainstageofslope碎落臺bermatthefootofcuttingslope護(hù)坡slopeprotection擋土墻retainingwall重力式擋土墻gravityretainingwall衡重式擋土墻balanceweightretainingwall懸臂式擋土墻cantileverretainingwall扶壁式擋土墻counterfortretainingwall柱板式擋土墻column-platetetainingwall錨桿式擋土墻anchoredretainingwallbytierods錨碇板式擋土墻anchoredbulkheadtetainingwall石籠rockfilledgabion拋石riprap路基排水subgradedrainage邊溝sideditch截水溝interceptingditch排水溝drainageditch急流槽chute跌水dropwater蒸發(fā)池evaporationpond盲溝blinddrain滲水井seepagewell透水路堤permeableembankment過水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrowearth棄土waste取土坑borrowpit棄土堆wastebank回填土back--filling黃土loess軟土softsoil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat鹽漬土saltysoil膨脹土expansivesoil凍土frozensoil數(shù)年凍土permafrost流砂quicksand軟弱地基softground強(qiáng)奪法dynamicconsolidation預(yù)壓法preloadingmethod反壓護(hù)道loadingberm砂井sanddrain路基砂墊層sandmatofsubgrade壓實(shí)compaction壓實(shí)度degreeofcompaction（原則）最大干容重maximumdryunitweight相對密實(shí)度relativedensity毛細(xì)水capi11arywater土石方爆破blastingprocedure拋擲爆破blastingforthrowingrock爆破漏斗blastingcrater松動(dòng)爆破blastingforlooseningrock爆破作用圈actingcirclesofblasting路面pavement彈性層狀體系理論elasticmultilayertheory（回彈）彎沉deflection加州承載比（CBR）Californiabearingratio,CBR)路面寬度widthofpavement路槽roadtrough剛性路面rigidpavement柔性路面flexiblepavement路面構(gòu)造層pavementstructurelayer面層surfacecourse磨耗層wearingcourse聯(lián)結(jié)層bindercourse基層basecourse墊層bedcourse隔水層aquitard隔溫層thermalinsulatingcourse封層sea1coat透層primecoat保護(hù)層protectioncourse補(bǔ)強(qiáng)層strengtheninglayer高級路面hightypepavement次高級路面sub--hightypepavement中級路面intermediatetypepavement低級路面lowtypepavement水泥混凝土路面cementconcretepavement瀝青路面bituminouspavement瀝青混凝土路面bituminousconcretepavement瀝青碎石路面bituminousmacadampavement瀝青貫入碎（礫）石路面bituminouspenetrationpavement瀝青表面處治bituminoussurfacetreatment塊料路面blockpavement石塊路面stoneblockpavement泥結(jié)碎石路面clay--boundmacadampavement水結(jié)碎石路面water--boundmacadampavement級配路面gradedaggregatepavement穩(wěn)定土基層stabilizedsoilbasecourse工業(yè)廢渣基層industrialwastebasecourse塊石基層Telfordbase層鋪法spreadinginlayers拌和法mixingmethod廠拌法plantmixingmethod路拌法roadmixingmethod熱拌潑hotmixingmethod冷拌法coldmixingmethod熱鋪法hotlaidmethod冷鋪法coldlaidmethod貫入法penetrationmethod鋪砌法pitchingmethod縮縫contractionjoint脹縫expansionjoint真縫truejoint假縫dummyjoint橫縫transverseJo1nt縱縫longitudinaljoint施工縫constructionjoint傳力桿dowelbar拉桿tiebar路面平整度surfaceevenness路面粗糙度surfaceroughness路面摩擦系數(shù)frictioncoefficientofpavement附著力adhesiveforce水滑現(xiàn)象hydroplaningphenomenon橋梁bridge公路橋highwaybridge公鐵兩用橋highwayandrailtransitbridge人行橋pedestrianbridge跨線橋overpassbridge高架橋viaduct永久性橋permanentbridge半永久性橋semi-permanentbridge臨時(shí)性橋temporarybridge鋼筋混凝土橋reinforcedconcretebridge預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋prestressedconcretebridge鋼橋steelbridge圬工橋masonrybridge木橋timberbridge正交橋rightbridge斜交橋skewbridge彎橋curvedbridge坡橋bridgeonslope斜橋skewbridge正橋rightbridge上承式橋deckbridge中承式橋half-throughbridge下承式橋throughbridge梁橋beambridge簡支梁橋simplesupportedbeambridge持續(xù)梁橋continuousbeambridge懸臂梁橋cantileverbeambridge聯(lián)合梁橋compositebeambridge板橋slabbridge拱橋archbridge雙曲拱橋two-waycurvedarchbridge空腹拱橋openspandrelarchbridge實(shí)腹拱橋filledspandrelarchbridge系桿拱橋bowstringarchbridge桁架橋trussbridge剛構(gòu)橋rigidframebridgeT形剛構(gòu)橋T-shapedrigidframebridge持續(xù)剛構(gòu)橋continuousrigidframebridge斜腿剛構(gòu)橋rigidframebridgewithinclined1egs斜拉橋(斜張橋)cablestayedbridge懸索橋suspensionbridge漫水橋submersiblebridge浮橋pontoonbridge啟動(dòng)橋movablebridge裝配式橋fabricatedbridge裝拆式鋼橋fabricatedsteelbridge涵洞culvert管涵pipeculvert拱涵archculvert箱涵boxculvert蓋板涵slabculvert無壓力式涵洞non-pressureculvert壓力式涵洞pressureculvert半壓力式涵洞partialpressureculvert倒虹吸涵siphonculvert上部構(gòu)造superstructure主梁mainbeam橫梁floorbeam縱梁longitudinalbeam，stringer掛梁suspendedbeam拱圈arch，ring拱上構(gòu)造spandrelstructure腹拱spandrelarch拱上側(cè)墻spandrelwall橋面系floorsystem，bridgedecking橋面鋪裝bridgedeckpavement伸縮縫expansionandcontractionjoint橋面伸縮裝置bridgefloorexpansionandcontractioninstallation安全帶safetybelt橋頭搭板transitionslabatbridgehead下部構(gòu)造substructure橋墩pier墩身pierbody墩帽coping蓋梁bentcap破冰體iceapron重力式橋墩gravitypier實(shí)體橋墩solidpier空心橋墩hollowpier柱式橋墩columnpier排架樁墩pilebentpier柔性墩flexiblepier制動(dòng)墩brakingpier單向推力墩singledirectionthrustedpier橋臺abutment臺身abutmentbody前墻frontwall翼墻wingwalls臺帽coping錐坡conicalslope耳墻wingwallsU形橋臺U-shapedabutment八字形橋臺flarewingwallabutment一字形橋臺headwallabutment，straightabutment重力式橋臺gravityabutment埋置式橋臺buriedabutment扶壁式橋臺counterfortedabutment錨錠板式橋臺anchoredbulkheadabutment支撐式橋臺supportedtypeabutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidatedsubsoil天然地基naturalsubsoil基礎(chǔ)foundation擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)spreadfoundation沉井基礎(chǔ)opencaissonfoundation管柱基礎(chǔ)cylindricalshaftfoundation樁基礎(chǔ)pilefoundation樁pile預(yù)制樁precastpile就地灌注樁cast-in-placeconcretepile摩擦樁frictionpile支承樁bearingpile承臺bearingplatform支座bearing固定支座fixedbearing活動(dòng)支座expansionbearing索塔cablebenttower索鞍cablesaddle調(diào)治構(gòu)造物regulatingstructure丁壩spurdike順壩longitudinaldam橋位bridgesite橋梁全長totallengthofbridge主橋mainbridge引橋approachspan跨徑span橋涵計(jì)算跨徑computedspan橋涵凈跨徑clearspan矢跨比risespanratio計(jì)算矢高calculatedriseofarch橋下凈空clearanceofspan橋面凈空clearanceabovebridgefloor橋梁建筑高度constructionheightofbridge荷載load永久荷載permanentload可變荷載variableload偶爾荷載accidentalload荷載組合loadingcombinations車輛荷載原則loadingstandardfordesignvehicle設(shè)計(jì)荷載designload施工荷載constructionload梁beam簡支梁simple-supportedbeam持續(xù)梁continuousbeam懸臂梁cantileverbeam板slab拱arch桁架truss剛構(gòu)rigidframe柱column強(qiáng)度strength剛度stiffness，rigidity抗裂度crackresistance穩(wěn)定性stability位移displacement變形deformation撓度deflection預(yù)拱度camber流域catchmentbasin集水面積runoffarea徑流runoff水文測驗(yàn)hydrologicalsurvey河床riverbed河槽riverchannel主槽mainchannel邊灘sideshoal河灘rloodland河床寬度bedwidth河槽寬度channelwidth過水?dāng)嗝鎑ischargesection水位waterlevel最高(或最低)水位maximum(minimum)waterlevel通航水位navigablewaterlevel設(shè)計(jì)水位designwaterlever水面比降watersurfaceslope河床比降gradientofriverbed濕周weffedperimeter糙率coefficientofroughuess水力半徑hydraulicradius水文計(jì)算hydrologicalcomputation設(shè)計(jì)流量designeddischarge設(shè)計(jì)流速designedflowvelocity行近流速approachvelocity洪水調(diào)查floodsurvey洪水頻率floodfrequency設(shè)計(jì)洪水頻率designedfloodfrequency潮汐河流tidalriver懸移質(zhì)suspendedload推移質(zhì)bedmaterialload水力計(jì)算hydrauliccomputation水頭waterhead沖刷scour橋下一般沖刷generalscourunderbridge橋墩(或臺)局部沖刷localscournearpier自然演變沖刷naturalscour沖刷系數(shù)coefficientofscouring淤積silting壅水backwater流冰icedrift先張法pretensioningmethod后張法post-tensioningmethod纜索吊裝法erectionwithcableway懸臂拼裝法erectionbyprotrusion懸臂澆筑法cast-in-placecantilevermethod移動(dòng)支架逐跨施工法spanbyspanmethod縱向拖拉法erectionbylongitudinalpullingmethod頂推法incrementallaunchingmethod轉(zhuǎn)體架橋法constructionbyswing浮運(yùn)架橋法erectingbyfloating頂入法jack-inmethod圍堰cofferdam護(hù)筒pilecasing隧道tunnel洞門tunnelportal襯砌tunnellining明洞opencuttunnel圍巖surroundingrork隧道建筑限界structuralapproachlimitoftunnels明挖法opencutmethod礦山法minetunnellingmethod盾構(gòu)法shieldtunnellingmethod沉埋法(沉管法)immersedtunnel導(dǎo)坑heading隧道支撐tunnelsupport構(gòu)件支撐elementsupport噴錨支護(hù)lockboltsupportwithshotcrete隧道通風(fēng)tunnelventilation隧道照明tunnellighting養(yǎng)護(hù)maintenance定期養(yǎng)護(hù)periodicalmaintenance巡回養(yǎng)護(hù)patrolmaintenance大中修周期maintenanceperiod小修保養(yǎng)routinemaintenance中修intermediatemaintenance大修heavymaintenance改善工程roadinprovement搶修emergencyrepairofroad加固strengtheningofstructure回砂sandsweeping罩面overlayofpavement路面翻修pavementrecapping路向補(bǔ)強(qiáng)pavementstrengthening車轍rutting路面搓板surfacecorrugation路面網(wǎng)裂net-shapedcracking路面龜裂a(bǔ)lligatorcracking路面碎裂pavementspalling反射裂縫reflectioncrack路面坑槽potholes路面凍脹surfacefrostheave路面沉陷pavementdepression路面滑溜surfaceslipperiness露骨surfaceangularity啃邊edgefailure泛油bleeding擁包upheaval拱脹blowup錯(cuò)臺faultingofslabends錯(cuò)位slabstaggering滑坡slide坍方landslide倒塌collapse碎落debrisavalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mudavalanche(振動(dòng))液化liquefaction翻漿frostboiling巖溶karst沙害sandhazard雪害snowhazard水毀washout好路率rateofgoodroads養(yǎng)護(hù)質(zhì)量綜合值generalratingofmaintenancequality路容roadappearance路況roadcondition路況調(diào)查roadconditionsurvey路政管理rladadministration民工建勤civilianlabourersworkingonpublicproject養(yǎng)路費(fèi)tollofroadmaintenance養(yǎng)路道班maintenancegang粒料granularmaterial集料(骨料)aggregate礦料mineralaggregate礦粉mineralpowder砂sand礫石gravel砂礫sandgravel卵石cobblestone碎石brokenstone，crushedstone片石rubble塊石blockstone料石dressedstone石屑chip工業(yè)廢渣industrialsolidwaste結(jié)合料binder有機(jī)結(jié)合料organicbindingagent瀝青bitumen地瀝青asphalt天然瀝青naturalasphalt石油瀝青petroleumasphalt煤瀝青coaltar乳化瀝青emulsifiedbitumen氧化瀝青oxidizedasphalt路用瀝青roadbitumen無機(jī)結(jié)合料inorganicbindingagent粉煤灰flyash混合料mixture瀝青混合料bituminousmixture瀝青混凝土混合料bituminousconcretemixture瀝青碎石混合料bituminousmacadammixture瀝青砂asphaltsand瀝青膏asphaltmastic水泥砂漿cementmortar石灰砂漿limemortar水泥混凝土混合料cementconcretemixture水泥混凝土cementconcrete鋼筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete預(yù)應(yīng)力(鋼筋)混凝土prestressedconcrete早強(qiáng)混凝土earlystrengthconcrete干硬性混凝土dryconcrete貧混凝土leanconcrete輕質(zhì)混凝土light-weightconcrete纖維混凝土fibrousconcrete外摻劑admixture減水劑waterreducingagent加氣劑airentrainingagent早強(qiáng)劑earlystrengthagent緩凝劑retarder鋼筋steelbar預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼材prestressingsteel高強(qiáng)鋼絲hightensilesteelwire鋼鉸線strandedsteelwire冷拉鋼筋cold-stretchedsteelbar冷拔鋼絲cold-drawnsteelwire高強(qiáng)螺栓highstrengthbolt空隙率porosity孔隙比voidratio粒徑grainsize顆粒構(gòu)成graincomposition細(xì)度fineness篩分sieveanalysis級配gradation級配曲線gradingcurve最佳級配optimumgradation含水量watercontent最佳含水量optimumwatercontent稠度界線consistencylimit液限liquidlimit塑限plasticlimit縮限shrinkagelimit塑性指數(shù)plasticityindex水泥標(biāo)號cementmark水泥混凝土標(biāo)號cementconcretemark水泥混凝土配合比proportioningofcementconcrete水灰比watercementratio和易性workability坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity氣硬性airhardening離析segregation徐變creep老化ageing(瀝青)稠度consistency(ofbitumen)針入度penetration粘(滯)度viscosity軟化點(diǎn)softeningpoint延度ductility閃點(diǎn)flashpoint溶解度dissolubility熱穩(wěn)性hotstability水穩(wěn)性waterstability油石化asphalt-aggregateratio含油率bitumencontent壓碎率rateofcrushing磨耗度abrasiveness彈性模量modulusofelasticity回彈模量modulusofresilience勁度(模量)stiffnessmodulus模量比modulusratio泊松比Poisson'sratio疲勞試驗(yàn)fatiguetest劈裂試驗(yàn)splittingtest三軸試驗(yàn)triaxialtest擊實(shí)試驗(yàn)compactiontest觸探試驗(yàn)conepenetrationtest彎沉試驗(yàn)deflectiontest環(huán)道試驗(yàn)circulartracktest承載板試驗(yàn)loadingplatetest透水性試驗(yàn)perviousnesstest車轍試驗(yàn)wheeltrackingtest馬歇爾試驗(yàn)Marshallstabilitytest壓實(shí)度試驗(yàn)compactnesstest鋪砂法sandpatchmethod硬練膠砂強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)earth-drymortarstrength-test軟練膠砂強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)plasticmortarstrength-test(水泥)安定性試驗(yàn)soundnesstest(ofcement)擊實(shí)儀compactiontestequipment長桿貫入儀penetrationtestequipment承載板loadingplate杠桿彎沉儀beamleverdeflectometer路面曲率半徑測定儀surface-curvatureapparatus路面平整度測定儀vlameter路面透水度測定儀surfacepermeameter五輪儀fifth-wheeltester制動(dòng)儀skiddometer速度檢測器speeddetector萬能試驗(yàn)機(jī)universaltestingmachine三軸(剪切)儀triaxialshearequipment加州承載比(CBR)測定儀Californiabearingratio-tester原則篩standardsieves(瀝青)針入度儀penetrometer(瀝青)粘度儀viscosimeter(瀝青)延度儀ductilometer(瀝青)軟化點(diǎn)儀(環(huán)—球法)softeningpointtester(ring-ballmethod)閃點(diǎn)儀(開口杯式)flashpointtester(opencupmethod)馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度儀Marshallstabilityapparatus(瀝青混合料)抽提儀bitumenextractor砂漿稠度儀mortarpenetrationtester坍落度圓錐筒slumpcone原則工業(yè)粘度計(jì)standardconcreteconsisto-meter飽和面干吸水率試模saturated-surface-duiedmoistureretentiontester撞擊韌度試驗(yàn)機(jī)impacttoughnessmachine圓盤耐磨硬度試驗(yàn)機(jī)wearhardnessmachine狄法爾磨耗試驗(yàn)機(jī)Devalabrasiontestingmachine洛杉磯磨耗試驗(yàn)機(jī)LosAngelesabrasiontesting-machine壓碎率試模crushingstrengthtester單斗挖掘機(jī)single-bucketexcavator推土機(jī)bulldozer除根機(jī)rootdozer鏟運(yùn)機(jī)scraper平地機(jī)grader挖溝機(jī)trencher耕耘機(jī)cultivator松土機(jī)ripper松土攪拌機(jī)pulvi-mixer穩(wěn)定土拌和機(jī)stabilizer鑿巖機(jī)rockbreaker碎石機(jī)stonecrusher碎石撒布機(jī)stonespreader裝載機(jī)loader羊足壓路機(jī)sheep-footroller手扶式單輪壓路機(jī)walkbehindsingledrum蛙式打夯機(jī)frogrammer內(nèi)燃扎實(shí)機(jī)internalcombustioncompactor鐵夯(鐵撞柱)tampingiron壓路機(jī)roller振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)vibratoryroller瀝青加熱器asphaltheater瀝青泵asphaltpump瀝青灑布機(jī)asphaltsprayer瀝青灑布車asphaltdistributor瀝青混合料拌和設(shè)備asphaltmixingplant瀝青混合料攤鋪機(jī)asphaltpaver散裝水泥運(yùn)送車cementdelivertruck水泥混凝土混合料拌和設(shè)備concretemixingplant(水泥混凝土混合料)攪拌運(yùn)送車concretedelivertruck水泥混凝土混合料攤鋪機(jī)concretepaver振搗器concretevibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面機(jī)concretefinisher真空泵vacuumpump水泥混凝土路面切縫機(jī)concreteJointcutter水泥混凝土路面鋸縫機(jī)concretesaw水泥混凝土路面清縫機(jī)concretejointcleaner水泥混凝土路面填縫機(jī)concretejointsealer水泵pump泥漿泵mudpump張拉鋼筋油泵prestressedsteelbardrawingoilpump砂漿泵mortarpump水泥混凝土混合料泵concretepump鋼筋切斷機(jī)barshear鋼筋冷軋機(jī)cold-rollingmill鋼筋冷拉機(jī)steelstretcher鋼筋冷拔機(jī)steelbarcold-extrudingmachine鋼筋冷鐓機(jī)steelbarheadingpressmachine鋼筋拉伸機(jī)steelextensionmachine鋼筋彎曲機(jī)steelbarbender鋼筋調(diào)直機(jī)steelstraightenmachine對焊機(jī)buttwelder鉆孔機(jī)boringmachine打樁機(jī)piledriver拔樁機(jī)pileextractor千斤頂jack張拉預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼筋千斤頂prestressedsteelbardrawingjack手拉葫蘆chainblock起重葫蘆hoistingblock卷揚(yáng)機(jī)hoister纜索吊裝設(shè)備cablewayerectingequipment起重機(jī)crane架橋機(jī)bridgeerectionequipment砂筒sandcylinder盾構(gòu)shield全氣壓盾構(gòu)compressedairshield半盾構(gòu)roofshield隧道掘進(jìn)機(jī)tunnelboringmachine全斷面隧道掘進(jìn)機(jī)tunnelboringmachineforfullsection噴槍shotcreteequipment：裝碴機(jī)mucker盾構(gòu)千斤頂mainjack拉合千斤頂pull-injacks復(fù)拌瀝青混合料攤鋪機(jī)asphaltremixer路面銑削機(jī)pavemill回砂車sandsweepingequipment除雪機(jī)snowplough裝雪機(jī)snowLoader洗凈劑噴布車detergentspraytruck打掃車sweeper灑水車watertruck劃標(biāo)線機(jī)Linemaker振動(dòng)篩vibratingscreen撒布機(jī)spreader輸送機(jī)conveyer提高機(jī)elevator翻斗車dump-bodycar自卸汽車dumpingwagon牽引車towtruck拖車頭tractortruck掛車trailer平板車flattruck工程車shoptruck萬能桿件fabricateduniversalsteelmembers交通規(guī)則trafficrules交通事故trafficaccident交通事故率trafficaccidentrate人口事故率populationaccidentrate車輛事故率vehicleaccidentrate運(yùn)行事故率operatingaccidentrate交通控制trafficcontrol中央控制臺centralcontrolunit點(diǎn)控制spotcontrol線控制linecontrol面控制areacontrol交通信號trafficsignal交通信號燈trafficsignallamp信號周期signalcycle綠信比splitratio信號相位signalphase相位差phasedifference綠波greenwave交通監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)trafficsurveillance交通公害vehicularpollution

企業(yè)企業(yè)常見部門名稱英文翻譯

總企業(yè)HeadOffice

分企業(yè)BranchOffice

營業(yè)部BusinessOffice

人事部PersonnelDepartment

(人力資源部)HumanResourcesDepartment

總務(wù)部GeneralAffairsDepartment

財(cái)務(wù)部GeneralAccountingDepartment

銷售部SalesDepartment

促銷部SalesPromotionDepartment

國際部InternationalDepartment

出口部ExportDepartment

進(jìn)口部ImportDepartment

公共關(guān)系PublicRelationsDepartment

廣告部AdvertisingDepartment

企劃部PlanningDepartment

產(chǎn)品開發(fā)部ProductDevelopmentDepartment

研發(fā)部ResearchandDevelopmentDepartment(R&D)

秘書室SecretarialPool

交通標(biāo)志專用名詞中英對照

警告標(biāo)志||Warningsign

禁令標(biāo)志||Prohibitionsign

指示標(biāo)志||Mandatorysign

指路標(biāo)志||Guidesign

旅游標(biāo)志||Touristsign

標(biāo)線||Marking

嚴(yán)禁超越線||No-passingline

大型車||Oversizevehicle

小型車||Light-dutyvehicle

自行車||Bicycle

非機(jī)動(dòng)車||Non-motorvehicle

公共汽車||Bus

機(jī)動(dòng)車||Motorvehicle

公共汽車優(yōu)先||Buspreemption，Buspriority

行車道||Roadway,carriageway

超車道||Overtakinglane

硬路肩||Hardshoulder

國道||Nationalroad

省道||Provincialroad

縣道||Countyroad

高速公路||Expressway

起點(diǎn)||Startingpoint

終點(diǎn)||Endpoint

一般道路||Ordinaryroad

都市道路||Urbanroad

**街道||**street

互通式立交||**interchange

高架橋||Viaduct

隧道||Tunnel

收費(fèi)站||Tollstation

應(yīng)急停車帶||Emergencystoparea

休息處||Restarea

服務(wù)區(qū)||Servicearea

避車道||Lay-by,Passingbay

火車站||Railwaystation

飛機(jī)場||Airport

停車場||Parking

長途汽車站||Inter-citybusstation

急救站||Firstaidstation

客輪碼頭||Passengerquay

餐飲||Restaurant

汽修||Breakdownservice

洗車||Vehiclecleaning

加油站||Fillingstation

||Telephone

輪渡||Ferry

爬坡車道||Climbinglane

追尾危險(xiǎn)||Rear-endcollisiondanger

保持車距||Keepspace

道路交通信息||Trafficinformation

路面結(jié)冰||Icypavement

小心路滑||Slipperyroadbecareful

陡坡慢行||Steepdescent,slow-down

多霧路段||Foggysection

軟基路段||Weaksubgrade

大型車靠右||Oversizevehicletoright

注意橫風(fēng)||Alerttocrosswind

事故多發(fā)點(diǎn)||Blackspot

保護(hù)動(dòng)物||Protectanimal

長下坡慢行||Longdescent,slow-down

道路封閉||Roadclosed

車道封閉||Laneclosed

車輛慢行||Slowdown

道路施工||Roadconstruction,Roadworks

車輛繞行||Vehicleby-pass

方向引導(dǎo)||Directionguide

落石||Fallingrocks

雙向交通||Two-waytraffic

其他危險(xiǎn)||Otherdangers

道路或車道變窄||Carriagewaynarrows

堤壩路||Embankmentroad

限制高度||Limitedheight

限制寬度||Limitedwidth

禁鳴喇叭||Silence(Noaudiblewarning)

渡船||Ferryboat

此路不通||Nothroughroad

中英對照醫(yī)學(xué)名詞醫(yī)學(xué)名詞MedicalTerminology

過敏Allergy

健康診斷GernralCheck-up

PhysicalExamination

檢查Examination

入院AdmissiontoHospotial

退院DischargefromHospital

癥狀Symptom

營養(yǎng)Nutrition

病例ClinicalHistory

診斷Diagnosis

治療Treatment

防止Prevention

呼吸Respiration

便通BowelMovement

便Stool

血液Blood

脈搏Pulse,Pulsation

尿Urine

脈搏數(shù)PulseRate

血型BloodType

血壓BloodPressure

麻醉Anesthesia

全身麻醉GeneralAnesthesia

靜脈麻醉IntravenousAnesthesia

脊椎麻醉SpinalAnesthesia

局部麻醉LocalAnesthesia

手術(shù)Operation

切除Resectionlie

副作用SideEffect

洗凈Irrigation

注射Injection

X光X-Ray

紅外線UltraRed-Ray

慢性旳Chronic

急性旳Acute

體格Build

親戚Relative

遺傳Heredity

免疫Immunity

血清Serum

流行性旳Epidemic

潛伏期IncubationPeriod

濾過性病毒Virus

消毒Sterilization

抗生素Antibiotic

腦波E.E.G

洗腸Enema

結(jié)核反應(yīng)TuberculinReaction

華氏Fahrenheit

攝氏Celsius,Centigrade中英對照商標(biāo)術(shù)語世界貿(mào)易組織《WTO》WORLDTRADEORGANIZATION

關(guān)稅及貿(mào)易總協(xié)定《GATT》GENERALAGREEMENTONTARIFFSANDTRADE

亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織《APEC》ASIAPACIFICECONOMICCOOPERATION

與貿(mào)易有關(guān)旳知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)議《TRIPS》AGREEMENTONTRADERELATEDASPECTSOFINTELLECTUALPROPERTYRIGHTS

世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織《WIPO》WORLDINTELLECTUALPROPERTYORGANIZATION

保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)合國際局INTERNATIONALBOARDOFINTELLECTUALPROPERTYRIGHT

保護(hù)工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)巴黎公約PARISCONVENTIONFORTHEPROTECTIONOFINDUSTRIALPROPERTY

商標(biāo)國際注冊馬德里協(xié)定MADRIDAGREEMENTCONCERNINGTHEINTERNATIONALREGISTRATIONOFMARKS

商標(biāo)注冊公約《TRT》TRADEMARKREGISTRATIONTREATY

商標(biāo)注冊用商品與國際分類尼斯協(xié)定NICEAGREEMENTCONCERNINGTHEINTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATIONOFGOODSANDSERVICESFORTHEPURPOSEOFTHEREGISTRATIONOFMARKS

建立商標(biāo)圖形要素國際分類維也納協(xié)定VIENNAAGREEMENTFORESTABLISHINGANDINTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATIONOFTHEFIGURATIVEELEMENTSOFMARKS

專利合作公約《PCT》PATENTCO－OPERATIONTREATY

共同體專利公約COMMUNITY產(chǎn)PATENTCONVENTION

斯特拉斯堡協(xié)定《SA》STRASBOURGAGREEMENT

工業(yè)外觀設(shè)計(jì)國際保留海牙協(xié)定THEHAGUEAGREEMENTCONCERNINGTHEINTERNATIONALDEPOSITOFINDUSTRIALDESIGNS

工業(yè)外觀設(shè)計(jì)國際分類洛迦諾協(xié)定LOCARNOAGREEMENTONESTABLISHINGANDINTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATIONFORINDUSTRIALDESIGNS

商標(biāo)，外觀設(shè)計(jì)與地理標(biāo)識法律常設(shè)委員會(huì)（SCT）STANDINGCOMMITTEEONTHELAWOFTRADEMARKS，INDUSTRIALDESIGNANDGEOGRAPHICALINDICATION

國際專利文獻(xiàn)中心《INPADOC》INTERNATIONALPATENTDOCUMENTATIONCENTER

歐洲專利局《EPO》EUROPEANPATENTOFFICE

歐洲專利公約EUROPEANPATENTCONVENTION

比荷盧商標(biāo)局TRADEMARKOFFICEOFBELGIUM－HOLLAND－LUXEMBURG

法語非洲知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織ORGANIZATIONOFAFRICANINTELLECTUALPROPERTY

國際商標(biāo)協(xié)會(huì)THEINTERNATIONALTRADEMARKASSOCIATION

中華人民共和國商標(biāo)法TRADEMARKLAWOFTHEPEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA

英國商標(biāo)法TRADEMARKLAWOFUNITEDKINGDOMOFGREATBRITAINANDNORTHERNIRELAND

美國商標(biāo)法TRADEMARKLAWOFTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA

日本商標(biāo)法JAPANESETRADEMARKLAW

商標(biāo)TRADEMARK

商標(biāo)局TRADEMARKOFFICCE

商標(biāo)法TRADEMARKLAW

文字商標(biāo)WORDMARK

圖形商標(biāo)FIGURATIVEMARK

組合商標(biāo)ASSOCIATEDMARK

保證商標(biāo)CERTIFICATIONMARK

集體商標(biāo)COLLECTIVEMARK

馳名商標(biāo)WELL－KNOWNMARK

著名商標(biāo)FAMOUYSMARK

近似商標(biāo)SIMILARMARK

防御商標(biāo)DEFENSIVEMARK

服務(wù)標(biāo)識SERVICEMARK

注冊商標(biāo)REGISTEREDMARK

商標(biāo)注冊申請人TRADEMARKREGISTRANT

注冊申請日APPLICATIONDATEOFTRADEMARK

注冊申請?zhí)朅PPLICATIONNUMBER

商標(biāo)注冊證TRADEMARKREGISTRATIONCERTIFICATE

商標(biāo)注冊號TRADEMARKREGISTRATIONNUMBER

商標(biāo)注冊日TRADEMARKREGISTRATIONDATE

商標(biāo)注冊簿TRADEMARKREGISTEREDBOOK

注冊有效期THETERMOFVALIDITY

商標(biāo)注冊官EXAMINATIONFORTRADEMARKREGISTRATION

注冊查詢TRADEMARKENQUIRIES

注冊續(xù)展RENEWALOFTRADEMARK

分別申請SEPARATEAPPLICATION

重新申請NEWREGISTRATION

別行申請NEWAPPLICATION

變更申請APPLICATIONREGARDINGCHANGES

注冊代理TRADEMARKAGENCY

注冊公告TRADEMARKPUBLICATION

申請注冊APPLICATIONFORREGISTRATION

續(xù)展注冊RENEWALOFREGISTRATION

轉(zhuǎn)讓注冊REGISTRATIONOFASSIGNMENT

變更注冊人名義／地址／其他注冊事項(xiàng)MODIFICATIONOFNAME／ADDRESSOFREGISTRANT／OTHERMATTERS

補(bǔ)發(fā)商標(biāo)證書REISSUANCEOFREGISTRATIONCERTIFICATE

注銷注冊商標(biāo)REMOVAL

證明CERTIFICATION

異議OPPOSITION

使用許可協(xié)議立案RECORDALOFLICENSECONTRACT

駁回商標(biāo)復(fù)審REVIEWOFREFUSEDTRADEMARK

駁回續(xù)展復(fù)審REVIEWOFREFUSEDRENEWAL

駁回轉(zhuǎn)讓復(fù)審REVIEWOFREFUSEDASSIGNMENT

撤銷商標(biāo)復(fù)審REVIEWOFADJUDICATIONONOPPOSITION

異議復(fù)審REVIEWOFADJUDICATIONONOPPOSITION

爭議裁定ADJUDICATIONONDISPUTEDREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

撤銷注冊不妥裁定ADJUDICATIONONCANCELLATIONOFIMPROPERLYREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

撤銷注冊不妥復(fù)審REVIEWONCANCELLATIONOFIMPROPERLYREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

處理商標(biāo)糾紛案件DEALINGWITHINFRINGEMENT

優(yōu)先權(quán)PRIORITY

注冊申請優(yōu)先日DATEOFPRIORITY

注冊商標(biāo)使用人USEROFREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

注冊商標(biāo)專用權(quán)EXCLUSIVERIGHTTOUSEREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

注冊商標(biāo)旳轉(zhuǎn)讓ASSIGNMENTOFREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

商標(biāo)旳許可使用LICENSINGOFREGISTEREDTRADEMARK

使用在先原則PRINCIPLEOFFIRSTTOUSE

注冊在先原則PRINCIPLEOFFIRSTAPPLICATION

商標(biāo)國際分類INTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATIONOFGOODS

專利PATENT

專利權(quán)PATENTRIGHT

專利權(quán)人PATENTEE

專利代理PATENTAGENCY

產(chǎn)品專利PRODUCTPATENT

專利性PATENTABILITY

專利申請權(quán)RIGHTTOAPPLYFORAPATENT

實(shí)用新奇UTILITYMODEL

專有性MONOPOLY

專利旳新奇性NOVELTYOFPATENT

專利旳實(shí)用性PRACTICALAPPLICABILITY

專利旳發(fā)明性INVENTIVE

專利文獻(xiàn)PATENTDOCUMENT

專利申請文獻(xiàn)PATENTAPPLICATIONDOCUMENT

專利