山東省高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷有答案

第第頁山東省高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷(有答案）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________一、閱讀理解Artandmagicoftengohandinhand.Thesefournewreleasesexplorethemagicoftheartsandartofmagic.WolfwoodbyMariannaBaerIndigo’smomusedtobeacelebratedartist.Finishingthepaintingseries—Wolfwood,whichshowsfourteenagersinaterrifyingjungle,canmakeherfamousandwealthyagain,butsheisunwillingto.Desperate,Indigobeginsworkingonthepaintingsherself,butsoonsherealizesthere’sahorrifyingreasonwhyhermotherstoppedpaintingWolfwood.BloodDebtsbyTerryBenton-WalkerTwinsChrisandClem’sfamilyonceruledoverthemagicworldinNewOrleansuntilahorribleincidentendedthatforever,andsincethenthefamilyhassufferedandChrishasswornoffmagic.Thentheydiscovertheirmotherisbeingslowlykilledbyacurse(詛咒).Thetwinsbegintopickapartthesecretsandlies,andrealizetheonlywaytomakethingsrightistofightforjustice.ThatSelf-SameMetalbyBrittanyWilliamsJoanSandshasaspecialbondwithmetal.SheusesherpowerstohelphergoldsmithfatherinhisworkshopandtotendthestageweaponsusedbyWilliamShakespeare’sactingcompany.WhensomeevilpowersfloodLondon,Joandiscoversshemaybetheonlyonetostopthemandthatshemustdecidehowtoprotectthepeoplesheloves.UnravellerbyFrancesHardingeInaworldwhereangercangrowintocurses,youmightendupturnedintoafrog.AboynamedKellencanunravel(解除)yourcurse,settingyoufree.Withthemysteriouspower,hetriestorightthewrongswithhiscompanionNettle,whichinturnmadehimselfcursed.Sotheymustgointotheunpredictablewildstoseekoutthetruthbehindcursesonceandforall.1．WhatdiscouragesIndigo’smotherfromfinishingWolfwood?A．Surprisingdifficulty. B．Horrifyingsecrets.C．Declininginterest. D．Seriousdiseases.2．WhatdoesThatSelf-SameMetalmainlytalkabout?A．Dealingwithmetal. B．Designingstageweapons.C．Fightingagainstevilpowers. D．Introducinganactingcompany.3．Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A．Theysolvereal-lifeproblems. B．Theyshowthepoweroffriendship.C．Theycontainsupernaturalelements. D．Theytransformartworksintomagic.Thestudentsstandonapier(碼頭)overtheHarlemRiverinNewYorkCity.Theystaredownintothebrownwater.Theirteacher,Mr.Rodman,pullsalongropeoutoftheriver.Fastenedtotheendoftheropeisametalcageandinsideareoysters(牡蠣).Takingturns,thestudentsmeasurealltheoysters,andthencomparenotes.Thebiggestoysterisover2incheslong,muchbiggerthanahealthysizeforitsage!Theyalsomeasurethelevelofoxygen.Asmoreoystersgrow,thewatershouldbecomeclearerandholdmoreoxygen.Also,otheranimalsshouldmovein.Oystersaresoft-bodiedanimals,andsharetheunderwatercommunitywithplants,fish,andotherlife.Theyarefoodforcrabsandotheranimals.Asnewoystersgrow,theyattachtheirshellstoolderones，formingbigreefswithmanysmallspaceswhereotheranimalslive.Oysterseatalgae(藻類).Ifalgaegrowtoofast，theycandecreaseoxygenfromthewater-andevenfishneedoxygentobreathe!Butwhathappenedtotheoysters100yearsagoinNewYorkHarbor?Beforethen,lotsofoysterslivedinthesewaters.Theywereshippedtorestaurantsaroundtheworld.Bytheearly1900s,peoplewereeatingthemfasterthantheycouldgrow.Pollutionwaspouringintothewaters.Theharborbecameseriouslypolluted.Sincethe1970s,newlawshavehelpedreducepoisonouswaste.Somefishstartedtoswimthroughagain.Butoysterswerestillmissing-untilrecently.TheBillionOysterProjectbeganin2014tohelpbringoystersbacktoNewYorkHarbor.Theprojecthasrecruited(招募)morethan6,500studentsatmorethan100middleschoolsandhighschoolstohelpgrow,distribute,andstudytheoysters.Finally,thestudentsputtheoystersbackinthecage.Mr.Rodmanlowersthecageintotheriver.Inafewmonths,theywillcheckthecageagain.Whentheoystersarebigenough,theywillbemovedtojoinahealthyreefinthemiddleoftheharbor.4．WhydostudentscometothepierovertheHarlemRiver?A．Todoresearch. B．Togofishing.C．Tobuyoysters. D．Tocleanuptheriver.5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Whatoystersarelike. B．Howoystersgetfed.C．Whyalgaegrowfast. D．Whatroleoystersplay.6．WhatcanwelearnaboutoystersinNewYorkHarbor?A．People’sloveofeatingoystersboostedtheirnumbers.B．Moreoystersthanbeforelivedinwatersinthe1900s.C．Pollutedwaterwaspartlytoblameforthemissingofoysters.D．Newlawsinthe1970swerecrucialtooysters’recovery.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．OystersRaisedinNewYorkHarborB．TheHarlemRiverPollutedHeavilyC．Nature’sHelpfulCrewBroughtBackD．TeacherDevotedtoWildlifeProtectionResearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityareproposinganadditionalwhitetrafficlightthatwillactasasigntohumandriversandpassengersthattheyshouldfollowtheleadofself-drivingvehiclesmovingthroughintersections(十字路口).Drivingisfundamentallychanging.Inthefuture,humandriverswillbesharingtheroadwithautonomousvehicles.Thetransitiontoautonomousvehiclesisprogressingwitheachpassingyearandhumansarenolongertheonlyonessittingbehindanautomobile’ssteeringwheel.Thismakesiturgentfortrafficlightswithafourthcolortobecomeareality.ThewhitetrafficlightwouldbeequippedwithwirelessBluetoothtechnologyandwouldengagewhenthenumberofautonomousvehiclesdrivingontheroadatanygiventimeexceedsacertainthreshold(閾值).Autonomousvehicleswouldbeincommunicationwitheachotherandwiththetrafficlightsatintersections,withinacertainrange.Anyhumandriversinthemixwouldbeinformedtofollowtheleadofthevehicleinfrontofthemviathewhitelight:stopifitstops,continueifitcontinues.Insimulationmodels,autonomousvehicleswereshowntoimprovetrafficflowontheirown.Thehigherthepercentageofautonomousvehiclesatanintersection,thefasterthetrafficmoved,withimprovementsofabout40to99percentintermsoftotaldelayreductionspossible.“Thewhitelightcanbeusedtocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))trafficinanysituationinvolvingautonomousvehiclesandtellshumandriverswhat’sgoingon,sothattheyknowwhattheyaresupposedtodoastheyapproachtheintersection,”sayscivilengineerAliHajbabaie.Asanexample,mostrecently,Tesla’sproblematicfull-self-drivingvehicleshavebeenattheforefrontofpubliccriticismafteracarcrashedintoafiretruck.Consequently,thepotentialriskslinkedtoautonomousdrivingarewhatmadeNorthCarolinaStateUniversityresearcherssuggestaddingafourthcolortotrafficlightsinthecomingyears.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph2referto?A．Stricttrafficrules.B．Theupgradeofroadsystem.C．Increasingautonomousvehicles.D．Thehighcostofself-drivingtechnology.9．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthewhitetrafficlight?A．Itssignalmeaning. B．Itsworkingprinciple.C．Itscomplexdatabase. D．Itspotentialapplications.10．WhatdoesAliHajbabaieconveyinhiswords?A．Thewhitetrafficlightcanhelpimprovetheflowoftraffic.B．Autonomousvehiclesarepotentialthreatstoroadsafety.C．Itisdifficultforelderlydriverstoadapttowhitetrafficlights.D．Peoplehadtobetrainedbeforedrivingontheroadswithwhitetrafficlights.11．WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofTeslainthelastparagraph?A．Tostressthepopularityofdriverlessvehicles.B．Toprovethenecessityofaddingwhitetrafficlights.C．Tocallonthepublictopaycloseattentiontoroadsafety.D．Topresentthehiddendangersofusingwhitetrafficlights.Voicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.Everythingfromyourvocalcordvibrations(聲帶振動)tobreathingpatternswhenyouspeakofferspotentialinformationaboutyourhealth,saysDr.YaelBensoussan,aleaderonthestudy.“Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?”Bensoussansays.“Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.”SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.Theteamwillstartbycollectingthevoicesofpeople.“Wewerereallylackinglargewhatwecallopensourcedatabases,”Bensoussansays.“Everyinstitutionhastheirowndatabase.Buttocreatethesenetworkswasreallyimportanttothenallowresearchersfromothergenerationstousethisdata.”Theultimategoalisanappthatcouldhelpbridgeaccesstoruralorunderservedcommunities,byhelpinggeneralpractitionersreferpatientstospecialists.Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.“Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,”saysYaelBensoussan.“Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?”12．WhatdoesYaelBensoussanmeaninParagraph2?A．Voicesmayhelpwithillnessdiagnosis.B．ScientistscanrelyonanAItodetectillness.C．Diseasesymptomscanbenotedbymachines.D．It’snecessaryfordoctorstolistentopatientstalking.13．Howwilltheresearchbecarriedout?A．Bybuildingabase.B．Bycollectingdata.C．Byconnectingcommunities.D．Bymatchingclinicalinformation.14．WhyisHIPAAmentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Toprovetheresearchers’idea.B．Toexplaintheproceduresofthestudy.C．Toimplytheproblemswiththeresearch.D．Toensurethecommercialvalueofthestudy.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AnApplicationforVoiceStudyB．Data-collectedApproachtoResearchC．ABreakthroughinMedicalFindingsD．Sound-aidedAIHelpsWithDiagnosis二、七選五MindlessEating:Youmayalsobeamindlesseater!Everyoneofushasmomentsofmindlesseating.Forexample,youmayunintentionallymunchthroughawholebagofchipswhilewatchingTV.16Peopletendtoreachoutforfoodasaneasilyavailablewhentheyareupset,boredorstressful.However,whenweconsumevarioussnacksmechanically,weendupfeelingmoreunhappyandevenguilty.Mindfuleating:enjoyyourfood!17Itmeanspayingattentiontothepresentmomentwithcuriosity,opennessaswellaskindness.Itmeansbeingpresentwithyourfoodandeatingprocesswithallyourconsciousnessandawareness.Beforeeating,youshouldassesswhetheryouarehungryornot.Askyourselfhonestly:AmItrulyphysicallyhungryordoIjustwanttousefoodasawaytoescapetheunwantedfeelingshiddeninthedepthofmyheart?Ifitisso,whatarethey?Boredom,depression,stressorfear?18Youshouldeatonlywhenyouarehungry.Duringtheeatingprocess,youshouldeatslowlywithoutdistractionsofanykind.Don'twatchTVorbegluedtoyourcellphonescreens.19Chewandsavoreachandeverybiteandfullyappreciatethismoment.Itisalsoveryimportantthatyoushouldneverlosetrackofyourfeelings:feelthedecreaseinhungerandincreaseinfullnessofyourstomach.Abouthalfwaythroughthemeal,youneedtocheckinwithyourselfandaskthequestion:AmIsatisfied?DoIneedtokeepeating?Stopwhenyouaresatisfiedandnolongerhungry.20Startpracticemindfuleatingnowandyouwillbenefitalotfromit!A．Alwaysrememberthosenegativeemotionswillnevergethandledbysimplyeatingfood.B．Instead,youshoulddirectallyourattentiontothefoodinfrontofyou.C．Thisconsciouscheck-inandhonestself-inquiryhaveprovedtobeeffectiveinpreventingovereating.D．Mindfulnessisexactlytheoppositeofmindlessness.E．Youshouldoftenkeepinmindyoumustfeelyourlevelofhunger.F．However,youshouldchoosethosehealthierstuffthatcanenergizeyourbody.G．Moreoftenthannot,weeatnotbecauseofhungerbutforcomfort.三、完形填空Billworkedasafiremanfor17years.He’sbeenproudofhisbraveryinriskinghislifeto21others.Oneemergencycall22himtopoisonouschemicals,whichlaterledtorepeatedstrokes.Justat37,theman,whohadbecomeaccustomedtohavingthe23tosavelives,nowwasn’tabletobuttonhisownshirtortiehisownshoes.Bill’swifeDaisy24whatwouldhappentoBill,andshesuggestedtheyadda25tothefamily.So26Coco.Cocowassavedfromtheslum(貧民窟)andbroughttoAmericafor27bythenonprofitPuppyRescueMission.Attheairport,assoonasCoco28fromhisbox,hepeed(尿濕)alloverBill—andBillburstintohisfirstgenuine29inmonths—hegottolovethedog!Afterseveralmonths,DaisywassuddenlywokenupbyCoco’s30barking.Shewenttoseewhatwas31andfoundBillhadfallendownunconscious.Billwasrushedtothehospital—Cocohadsavedtheday.Anditwasn’tthe32time.WhenCocowouldfindBill33,hewouldcallforhelpwithhisbarkofwarning.“He’salwaystherewatchingme,helpingme,34I’mokay,”saysBill.“I’ve35savedothers,andnowthislovelydogsavesme,andthathastomeansomething.ThathastomeanI’mworthsomethingafterall.”21．A．find B．save C．cure D．guide22．A．devoted B．a(chǎn)dapted C．exposed D．a(chǎn)ttracted23．A．strength B．intelligence C．skills D．devices24．A．remembered B．feared C．predicted D．a(chǎn)greed25．A．toy B．box C．pig D．dog26．A．enter B．purchase C．desert D．choose27．A．show B．performance C．sale D．a(chǎn)doption28．A．lay B．barked C．emerged D．fled29．A．laughter B．tears C．cry D．a(chǎn)nger30．A．broken B．panicked C．moved D．delighted31．A．better B．worse C．wrong D．right32．A．common B．only C．regular D．frequent33．A．a(chǎn)tpeace B．a(chǎn)twork C．inplace D．indanger34．A．makingsure B．turningout C．determining D．doubting35．A．seldom B．never C．hardly D．ever四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inthe1950s,theEgyptiangovernmentwantedtobuildanewdamacrosstheNile36(benefit)morefarmers,37thisledtoprotests.Thenewdamwouldlikelydestroymanyculturalrelics38wereanimportantpartofEgypt’sculturalheritage.Tosolvethisproblem,thegovernmentturnedtoUN39help.Acommittee40(establish)topreventthelossofculturalrelics.Aftercarefulinvestigation,theymadea41(propose)tomovetheculturalrelicstosafeplaces.Overthenext20years,theyrescuedcountlessculturalrelics.42(final)theysuccessfullybuiltthenewdamaswellas43(preserve)theculturalrelics.Thisprojectwasconsidered44greatsuccess,foritfoundawayfortheworldtokeepthebalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofcultural45(site).五、根據(jù)中英文提示填寫單詞46．Scientifice______(實驗)arenecessaryinestablishingthetruth.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）47．Timep________(允許，許可),wewillstartourworkatonce.48．Theintelligentwalkinghouseisc______(有能力的)ofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）49．Hehasbeenseekingaftertrutht________(自始至終)hislife.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）50．Cartoonhadexistedforalongtimeinthea______(古代的)China.51．Linstartedtotellastoryaboutac______(殘忍)Romanemperorwhotriedtofeedamantowildanimals.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）52．Itwasasuccessfarbeyondtheire______(期望).（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）53．TheChineseteamd______(打敗)theNetherlandsinthesemi-finalmatches.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）54．OldTomusedtobeaf______(經(jīng)常的)visitortothediner.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）55．E______(尷尬的)andashamed,Ican’tconcentrateonanything.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）六、感謝信/祝賀信56．假定你是李華，你所在的學(xué)校要征集-封英文感謝信，以致敬抗洪搶險一線的戰(zhàn)士們，請你根據(jù)下列要點寫一封信用于投稿。1.表達(dá)謝意；2.個人感受；3.表達(dá)信心。注意：1.詞數(shù)100詞左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)束語以為你寫好。DearFirefighters,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua七、讀后續(xù)寫57．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。Itwassuchanicedayandit’sSunday.Ileftfortheparkwithmyskateboard.Thereweresomanykidsinthecentralsquare.Theparentschattedmerrilyinsmallgroups,occasionallytakingaglanceattheirkids.Iskatedforabouthalfanhourandtookabreakonthenearbybench.Earlysummermorningwasalwaysthebesttime,thebirdchirpinginthetreesandcoolwindsblowinginmyface.HowcouldImissit?DadsaidhewasgoingtomowthelawnintheyardontheweekendandaskedwhetherIcouldhelp.Imadeanexcuseandjustranaway.ItookalookaroundtheparkbeforeIstoodupandspottedanoldmanonthefarsideofthepark.HekeptbendingforwardandthrewsomethingintoaplasticbagwithhimIwatchedforawhileandrealizedwhathewasdoing.Hewaspickingupthelitter.Atfirst,IthoughthemightbeacleanerworkingintheparkbutIhadneverseenhimbefore.“Whoishe?It’sSundayandheisnothereforfun?”Italkedtomyself.Iwentonskatingandforgotabouthim.Timewentfastandthesunwasalreadyhighupinthesky.ItwasgettinghotandIwastired.IwasreadytogowhenIsawtheoldmanagain.Theparkwashallempty.Hewasstillthere,collectingtherubbishleftonthebencheswithmuchelfort.Timeandtimeagain,hestoppedtostraightenhisbodybutheshowednosignofleavingsoon.Clearly,itwashardworkforpeopleofhisaage.“Nottoleave?Whatifhehasnowaterleftinsuchhotweather?”Iwondered.Withsomehesitation,Iwalkedtowardhim.參考答案1．B2．C3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了藝術(shù)和魔法往往是齊頭并進(jìn)的，本文具體列舉了四本書籍關(guān)于去探索藝術(shù)魔力和魔法藝術(shù)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WolfwoodbyMariannaBaer部分內(nèi)容“Desperate,Indigobeginsworkingonthepaintingsherself,butsoonsherealizesthere’sahorrifyingreasonwhyhermotherstoppedpaintingWolfwood.”（Indigo開始自己畫這些畫，感到絕望的，但很快她意識到母親停止畫Wolfwood是有一個可怕的原因的。）可知恐怖的秘密阻礙了Indigo的母親完成Wolfwood。故選B項。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThatSelf-SameMetalbyBrittanyWilliams部分內(nèi)容“WhensomeevilpowersfloodLondon,Joandiscoversshemaybetheonlyonetostopthemandthatshemustdecidehowtoprotectthepeoplesheloves.”（當(dāng)一些邪惡的力量涌入倫敦時，瓊發(fā)現(xiàn)她可能是唯一一個阻止他們的人，她必須決定如何保護(hù)她所愛的人。）可知ThatSelf-SameMetal主要講述了與邪惡勢力作斗爭。故選C項。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章介紹的四本書籍內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“Artandmagicoftengohandinhand.Thesefournewreleasesexplorethemagicoftheartsandartofmagic.”（藝術(shù)和魔法往往是齊頭并進(jìn)的。這四個新版本探索了藝術(shù)的魔力和魔法藝術(shù)。）可知四本書籍都是與“magic”有關(guān)，即超自然元素。故選C項。4．A5．D6．C7．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了學(xué)生通過在碼頭進(jìn)行測量可知，消失已久的牡蠣再次出現(xiàn)。同時介紹了牡蠣在水中起到的作用以及解釋了牡蠣在紐約港消失的原因，最后學(xué)生們通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些大自然的助手正在回歸。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thestudentsstandonapier(碼頭)overtheHarlemRiverinNewYorkCity.Theystaredownintothebrownwater.Theirteacher,Mr.Rodman,pullsalongropeoutoftheriver.(學(xué)生們站在紐約市哈萊姆河上的一個碼頭上。他們凝視著褐色的海水。他們的老師羅德曼先生從河里拉出一根長繩。)”以及“Theyalsomeasurethelevelofoxygen.Asmoreoystersgrow,thewatershouldbecomeclearerandholdmoreoxygen.(它們還能測量氧氣含量。隨著更多的牡蠣生長，水會變得更清澈，含有更多的氧氣。)”可知，通過學(xué)生們在碼頭所做的各種測量，可知學(xué)生們在進(jìn)行研究。故選A。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oysterseatalgae(藻類).Ifalgaegrowtoofast，theycandecreaseoxygenfromthewater-andevenfishneedoxygentobreathe!(牡蠣吃海藻。如果藻類生長得太快，它們會減少水中的氧氣——甚至魚也需要氧氣來呼吸！)”可知，本段主要介紹了牡蠣吃海藻，并且有益處水中氧氣的產(chǎn)生即闡述了牡蠣在水中所起到的作用。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Pollutionwaspouringintothewaters.Theharborbecameseriouslypolluted.Sincethe1970s,newlawshavehelpedreducepoisonouswaste.Somefishstartedtoswimthroughagain.Butoysterswerestillmissing-untilrecently.(污染物正源源不斷地流入水中。港口被嚴(yán)重污染了。自20世紀(jì)70年代以來，新的法律幫助減少了有毒廢物。一些魚又開始游過來。但是直到最近，牡蠣仍然不見蹤影。)”可知，收到污染的影響，牡蠣在紐約港仍然是不見蹤影的。故選C。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了學(xué)生通過在碼頭進(jìn)行測量可知，消失已久的牡蠣再次出現(xiàn)。同時根據(jù)第二段中“Oysterseatalgae(藻類).Ifalgaegrowtoofast，theycandecreaseoxygenfromthewater-andevenfishneedoxygentobreathe!(牡蠣吃海藻。如果藻類生長得太快，它們會減少水中的氧氣——甚至魚也需要氧氣來呼吸！)”可知，此處主要介紹了牡蠣吃海藻，并且有益處水中氧氣的產(chǎn)生即闡述了牡蠣在水中所起到的作用，因此C選項“Nature’sHelpfulCrewBroughtBack(大自然的幫手回來了。)”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。8．C9．B10．A11．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著駕駛正在發(fā)生根本性變化，研究人員提出了設(shè)立一個額外的白色交通信號燈，它將作為一個標(biāo)志，告訴人類司機(jī)和乘客，他們應(yīng)該跟隨自動駕駛汽車通過十字路口。8．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Drivingisfundamentallychanging.Inthefuture,humandriverswillbesharingtheroadwithautonomousvehicles.Thetransitiontoautonomousvehiclesisprogressingwitheachpassingyearandhumansarenolongertheonlyonessittingbehindanautomobile’ssteeringwheel.Thismakesiturgentfortrafficlightswithafourthcolortobecomeareality.(駕駛正在發(fā)生根本性的變化。在未來，人類駕駛員將與自動駕駛汽車共享道路。向自動駕駛汽車的過渡每年都在推進(jìn)，人類不再是唯一坐在汽車方向盤后面的人。這使得第四種顏色的交通信號燈迫切需要成為現(xiàn)實。)”可知，代詞“this”指代的是上文提到的駕駛發(fā)生的變化，在未來，人類駕駛員將與自動駕駛汽車共享道路，道路上會不斷增加自動駕駛汽車。故選C。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThewhitetrafficlightwouldbeequippedwithwirelessBluetoothtechnologyandwouldengagewhenthenumberofautonomousvehiclesdrivingontheroadatanygiventimeexceedsacertainthreshold(閾值).Autonomousvehicleswouldbeincommunicationwitheachotherandwiththetrafficlightsatintersections,withinacertainrange.Anyhumandriversinthemixwouldbeinformedtofollowtheleadofthevehicleinfrontofthemviathewhitelight:stopifitstops,continueifitcontinues.(白色交通燈將配備無線藍(lán)牙技術(shù)，當(dāng)任何時間行駛在道路上的自動駕駛車輛數(shù)量超過一定閾值時，它就會啟動。在一定范圍內(nèi)，自動駕駛汽車可以相互通信，也可以與十字路口的交通燈通信。車輛中的任何人類駕駛員都將被告知通過白燈跟隨前面車輛的指示：如果它停下來，就停下來，如果它繼續(xù)行駛，就繼續(xù)行駛。)”可知，第三段主要介紹了白色交通燈運(yùn)行的原理，故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Thewhitelightcanbeusedtocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))trafficinanysituationinvolvingautonomousvehiclesandtellshumandriverswhat’sgoingon,sothattheyknowwhattheyaresupposedtodoastheyapproachtheintersection,”sayscivilengineerAliHajbabaie.(土木工程師AliHajbabaie說：“在任何涉及自動駕駛汽車的情況下，白色交通燈都可以用來協(xié)調(diào)交通，并告訴人類司機(jī)正在發(fā)生什么，這樣他們就知道在接近十字路口時應(yīng)該怎么做?！?”可知，AliHajbabaie認(rèn)為白色交通燈可以幫助協(xié)調(diào)交通，從而使交通更順暢。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asanexample,mostrecently,Tesla’sproblematicfull-self-drivingvehicleshavebeenattheforefrontofpubliccriticismafteracarcrashedintoafiretruck.Consequently,thepotentialriskslinkedtoautonomousdrivingarewhatmadeNorthCarolinaStateUniversityresearcherssuggestaddingafourthcolortotrafficlightsinthecomingyears.(舉個例子，最近，一輛特斯拉全自動駕駛汽車撞上一輛消防車后，成為公眾批評的焦點。因此，與自動駕駛相關(guān)的潛在風(fēng)險促使北卡羅來納州立大學(xué)的研究人員建議在未來幾年為交通信號燈增加第四種顏色。)”可知，文章舉特斯拉的例子，是為了證明下文，也就是增加白色交通信號燈的必要性。故選B。12．A13．B14．C15．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院正在資助一個大規(guī)模的研究項目，以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人疾病的人工智能。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“‘Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?’Bensoussansays.‘Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.’SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.(‘我們問專家：如果你在病人進(jìn)來時閉上眼睛，只聽他們的聲音，你能知道他們的診斷嗎？’Bensoussan說。‘這就是我們獲得所有信息的地方?！f話低沉緩慢的人可能患有帕金森氏癥。說話含糊不清是中風(fēng)的征兆?？茖W(xué)家甚至可以診斷出抑郁癥或癌癥。)”可知，通過Bensoussan的話我們可以知道，聲音可能有助于疾病診斷。故選A選。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.(要做到這一點，研究人員必須從收集數(shù)據(jù)開始，因為人工智能只能獲得與其所學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫一樣好的數(shù)據(jù)。到四年結(jié)束時，他們希望收集到大約30000個聲音，以及其他生物標(biāo)志物的數(shù)據(jù)，如臨床數(shù)據(jù)和遺傳信息，以進(jìn)行匹配。)”可知，接下來研究所將要收集聲音數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項。14．推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.‘Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,’saysYaelBensoussan.‘Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?’(這里有幾個障礙。HIPAA——監(jiān)管醫(yī)療隱私的法律——并不清楚研究人員是否可以分享聲音。‘假設(shè)你為我們的項目貢獻(xiàn)了自己的聲音，’YaelBensoussan說道?！曇魧儆谡l？我們可以用它做什么？研究人員可以用它來做什么？它可以商業(yè)化嗎？’)”可知，文章提到HIPAA是為了說明這研究所面臨的一些問題。故選D項。15．主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Voicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.(聲音提供了很多信息。事實證明，他們甚至可以幫助診斷疾病。美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院正在資助一個大規(guī)模的研究項目，以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人的人工智能。)”以及下文可知，文章主要講述美國正在研究以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人疾病的人工智能。所以D項Sound-aidedAIHelpWithDiagnosis(聲音輔助AI幫助診斷)符合文意。故選D項。16．G17．D18．A19．B20．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些可以防止無意識進(jìn)食的方法。16．根據(jù)上文“Everyoneofushasmomentsofmindlesseating.Forexample,youmayunintentionallymunchthroughawholebagofchipswhilewatchingTV.(我們每個人都有無意識吃東西的時候。例如，你可能會在看電視的時候無意中嚼掉一整袋薯片)”以及后文“Peopletendtoreachoutforfoodasaneasilyavailablewhentheyareupset,boredorstressful.However,whenweconsumevarioussnacksmechanically,weendupfeelingmoreunhappyandevenguilty.(當(dāng)人們心煩意亂、無聊或有壓力時，他們往往會伸手去找食物，把它當(dāng)作一種容易得到的東西。然而，當(dāng)我們機(jī)械地吃各種零食時，我們最終會感到更不開心，甚至有罪惡感)”可知，上文提到每個人都會無意識吃東西的時候，且進(jìn)行了舉例說明，可知本句承接上文說明原因：吃東西往往不是因為餓，而是為了舒服。故G選項“我們吃東西往往不是因為餓，而是為了舒服”符合語境，故選G。17．根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Mindfuleating:enjoyyourfood!(用心飲食：享受你的食物)”以及后文“Itmeanspayingattentiontothepresentmomentwithcuriosity,opennessaswellaskindness.Itmeansbeingpresentwithyourfoodandeatingprocesswithallyourconsciousnessandawareness.(它意味著用好奇、開放和善良的心態(tài)關(guān)注當(dāng)下。這意味著全身心投入到你的食物和進(jìn)食過程中)”可知，本段的主旨是用心享受食物，后文介紹了其含義，D選項中Mindfulness對應(yīng)標(biāo)題中Mindful。故D選項“用心恰恰是無意識的對立面”符合語境，故選D。18．根據(jù)上文“Beforeeating,youshouldassesswhetheryouarehungryornot.Askyourselfhonestly:AmItrulyphysicallyhungryordoIjustwanttousefoodasawaytoescapetheunwantedfeelingshiddeninthedepthofmyheart?Ifitisso,whatarethey?Boredom,depression,stressorfear?(在吃飯之前，你應(yīng)該評估自己是否餓了。誠實地問自己：我真的餓了嗎？或者我只是想用食物來逃避隱藏在我內(nèi)心深處的不想要的感覺？如果是，它們是什么？無聊、沮喪、壓力還是恐懼？)”可知，上文提到了因為無聊、沮喪、壓力以及恐懼等消極情緒進(jìn)行飲食，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文說明其弊端。故A選項“永遠(yuǎn)記住，僅僅靠吃東西是無法控制消極情緒的”符合語境，故選A。19．根據(jù)上文“Duringtheeatingprocess,youshouldeatslowlywithoutdistractionsofanykind.Don'twatchTVorbegluedtoyourcellphonescreens.(在吃飯的過程中，你應(yīng)該慢慢地吃，不要有任何分心的東西。不要看電視或盯著手機(jī)屏幕)”可知，上文提到主要在吃飯的時候看電視，可知本句承接上文說明正確做法：把所有的注意力都放在你面前的食物上。故B選項“相反，你應(yīng)該把所有的注意力都放在你面前的食物上”符合語境，故選B。20．根據(jù)上文“Itisalsoveryimportantthatyoushouldneverlosetrackofyourfeelings:feelthedecreaseinhungerandincreaseinfullnessofyourstomach.Abouthalfwaythroughthemeal,youne