新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第20課

-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第20課Lesson20Onemaninaboat獨(dú)坐孤舟Fishingismyfavouritesport.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Butthisdoesnotworryme.Somefishermenareunlucky.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything--notevenoldboots.Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.'Youmustgiveupfishing!'myfriendssay.'It'sawasteoftime.'Buttheydon'trealizeoneimportantthing.I'mnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)catchv.抓到fishermann.釣魚人，漁民bootn.靴子wasten.浪費(fèi)realizev.意識(shí)到參考譯文釣魚是我特別喜愛的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。我經(jīng)常一釣數(shù)小時(shí)卻一無(wú)所獲，但我從不為此煩惱。有些垂釣者就是不走運(yùn)，他們往往魚釣不到，卻釣上來(lái)些舊靴子和垃圾。我的運(yùn)氣甚至還不及他們。我什么東西也未釣到過(guò)--就連舊靴子也沒(méi)有。我總是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空著袋子回家?！澳憧蓜e再釣魚了！”我的朋友們說(shuō)，“這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間?！比欢麄儧](méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到重要的一點(diǎn)，我并不是真的對(duì)釣魚有興趣，我感興趣的只是獨(dú)坐孤舟，無(wú)所事事！1.Onemaninaboat獨(dú)坐孤舟2.Fishingismyfavouritesport.釣魚是我特別喜愛的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。1)fishing動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)2)favourite(BrE)(AmEfavorite)[?feiv?rit]\o"真人發(fā)音"adj.,n.\o"真人發(fā)音"adj.likedmorethanothersofthesamekind特別受喜愛的，最喜歡的：(無(wú)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))e.g.這是我特別喜歡的電影之一。It’soneofmyfavoritemovies.誰(shuí)是你最喜歡的作家Whoisyourfavoritewriter

n.1.apersonorthingthatyoulikemorethantheothersofthesametype特別喜愛的人(或事物)：e.g.我尤其喜愛這首歌曲。Thissongisaparticularfavoriteofmine.2.apersonwhoislikedbetterbysb.andreceivesbettertreatmentthanothers受寵的人；得到偏愛的人：e.g.她愛所有的孫子孫女，但最寵安。ShelovedallhergrandchildrenbutAnnwasherfavorite.她最受姑姑的寵愛。Sheisafavoritewithheraunt./Sheisheraunt’sfavorite.3.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Butthisdoesnotworryme.我經(jīng)常一釣數(shù)小時(shí)卻一無(wú)所獲，但我從不為此煩惱。1)fish[fi?]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.,v.n.(pl.fishorfishes)fish是通常的復(fù)數(shù)形式，較古老的形式fishes可用于表示不同種類的魚。(1.fish魚[pl.]單復(fù)數(shù)同形2.fishes指不同種類的魚)1.[c]魚e.g.他們捉到了幾條魚。Theycaughtseveralfish.他們那天早上釣到很多魚。Theycaughtmanyfishthatmorning.他研究印度洋里的魚類。HestudiesthefishesintheIndianOcean.熱帶/海/淡水魚tropical[?tr?pik?l]\o"真人發(fā)音"/marine/freshwaterfish(marine[m?'ri:n]adj.[obn]海的；海產(chǎn)的；海生的freshwateradj.[obn]1.淡水中生長(zhǎng)的2.淡水的)魚群shoals(=groups)offish(shoal[???l]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.1.魚群2.淺灘；水下沙洲)魚缸/池afishtank/pond(tank[t??k]n.(貯放液體或氣體的)箱，槽，罐pond[p?nd]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.池塘(尤指人工的))abigfishinasmallpond(字面意思：一個(gè)小池塘里的一條大魚)山中無(wú)老虎，猴子稱霸王=Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.(當(dāng)貓不在，老鼠玩得自在)teachfishtoswim班門弄斧drinklikeafish牛飲(很能喝水)afishoutofwater離水之魚；在陌生環(huán)境不得其所的人likeafishoutofwater如魚離水a(chǎn)nodd/aqueerfish(old-fashioned,BrE)apersonwhoisslightlystrangeorcrazy奇怪的家伙；古怪的人；有些荒唐的人(queer[kwi?]adj.奇怪的；反常的)2.[u]thefleshoffisheatenasfood魚肉e.g.friedfish煎魚，炸魚freshfish鮮魚saltedfish咸魚smokedfish熏魚(salt[s?:lt]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.[u]鹽；食鹽vt.[usuallypassive]在(食物)中放鹽)fishandchipsn.[u](大眾快餐)(BrE)炸魚加土豆條；炸魚薯?xiàng)le.g.SomepeopleeatfishonFridays.有些人在星期五吃魚。(天主教的人習(xí)慣在星期五吃魚代替吃肉表虔誠(chéng))v.1.vi.~(forsth)totrytocatchfishwithahook[huk],nets,etc.釣魚；捕魚：e.g.你可以在這條小溪釣鱒魚。Youcanfishfortroutinthisstream.我喜歡釣魚。Ilikefishing./Ienjoyfishing./Iamfondoffishing./Iamkeenonfishing.(bekeenonsth./doingsth.渴望；熱切；熱衷于做某事)(trout[tra?t]n.[c,u](pl.trout)鮭；鮭鱒魚；鱒魚)(stream[stri:m]n.小河；溪)2.(gofishing)tospendtimefishingforpleasure釣魚；捕魚：e.g.咱們這個(gè)周末去釣魚吧。Let’sgofishingthisweekend.去游泳goswimming去購(gòu)物goshopping3.vt.totrytocatchfishintheareaofwatermentioned在…捕魚(或釣魚)e.g.他們?cè)诤镝烎~。Theyfishedthelakeforfish.混水摸魚fishintroubledwaterPhrv.fishforsth.totrytogetsth.,ortofindoutsth.,althoughyouarepretendingnotto旁敲側(cè)擊地打聽；轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角地謀取fishforfameandcompliments([?k?mplim?nt]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.1.[c]贊揚(yáng)；稱贊2.(compliments)[pl.]問(wèn)候；致意；祝賀)沽名釣譽(yù)fishforinformation轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角地打聽情況2)without[wi?eaut]\o"真人發(fā)音"prep.,adv.prep.(含否定含義)可放在句首，句尾prep.+n./v.-ing/pron.1.nothaving,experiencingorshowingsth.沒(méi)有；缺乏：e.g.沒(méi)有你的幫助我無(wú)法修理這車。Ican’trepairthecarwithoutyourhelp.(名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ))沒(méi)有你我活不下去。Icannotlivewithoutyou.(代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ))沒(méi)有水魚活不了。Fishcannotlivewithoutwater.(名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ))2.~(sb.)doingsth.notdoingtheactionmentioned不(做某事)；無(wú)；沒(méi)e.g.他們企圖不付賬就離開餐館。Theytriedtoleavetherestaurantwithoutpaying.我不是想要批評(píng)誰(shuí)，只是認(rèn)為你本可以做得更好一些。Withoutwantingtocriticize,Ithinkyoucouldhavedonebetter.動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，要注意是在前后主語(yǔ)一致的情況下，如：e.g.他一句話也沒(méi)說(shuō)就走了。Hewentoutwithoutsayinganything.=Hewentoutandhedidn’tsayanything.=Hewentoutwithoutsayinganywordsadv.nothaving,orshowingsth.沒(méi)有；缺乏：e.g.你要不要帶洗澡間的房間Doyouwantaroomwithabathoronewithout

我相信我們能湊合的。I’msurewe’llmanagewithout.3)catch[k?t?]v.,n.(caught[k?:t]\o"真人發(fā)音",caught)1.vt.tostopandholdamovingobject,esp.inyourhands接?。唤刈。粩r?。篹.g.Ijumpeduptocatchaballandfellover.我跳起來(lái)接球，結(jié)果摔了個(gè)跟頭。(fallv.fell,fallenfallovervi.跌倒；摔倒)Shemanagedtocatchthekeysastheyfell.她接住了掉下來(lái)的鑰匙。你能接住球嗎Canyoucatchtheball

2.vt.[usually+adv./prep.]totakeholdofsb./sth.抓?。晃兆。篹.g.她試圖從他身邊擠過(guò)去，他一把抓住了她的胳膊。Hecaughtholdofherarmasshetriedtopushpasthim.湯姆抓住小偷的胳膊。Tomcaughtthethiefbythearm.3.vt.tocaptureapersonorananimalthattriesorwouldtrytoescape逮??；捕捉；捕獲：(capture[?k?pt??]\o"真人發(fā)音"vt.tocatchapersonorananimalandkeepthemasaprisonerorinanenclosedspace俘虜；俘獲；捕獲)e.g.釣魚，捕魚catchfish抓住小偷catchathief警察已逮住那個(gè)小偷。Thepolicehavecaughtthethief.這個(gè)殺人犯一直未被抓到。Themurderer([?m?:d?r?]\o"真人發(fā)音"謀殺犯)wasnevercaught.你捕到幾條魚Howmanyfishdidyoucatch

Wheredidyoucatchthefish?這條魚你在哪兒逮的？4.tofindordiscoversb.doingsth.,esp.sth.wrong撞見，當(dāng)場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)(某人做壞事)：catchsb.doingsth.抓住/撞見某人正在做某事e.g.[vn-ing]我撞見她在浴室里吸煙。Icaughthersmokinginthebathroom.那個(gè)小男孩正從園子里偷蘋果的時(shí)候被抓住了。Thelittleboywascaughtstealingapplesfromthegarden.[vn+adv./prep.]偷竊時(shí)被當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住的竊賊thievescaughtintheact你現(xiàn)在來(lái)找我可不是時(shí)候。You’vecaughtmeatabadtime(=atatimewhenIambusy).5.vt.tobeintimeforabus,train,plane,etc.andgetonit乘坐；搭乘；趕上(公共汽車、火車、飛機(jī)等)：e.g.我想趕8點(diǎn)19分的火車去倫敦。Iwanttocatchtheeightnineteen(train)toLondon.--你沒(méi)有趕上火車嗎？Haven’tyoucaughtthetrain?--沒(méi)有，我剛好錯(cuò)過(guò)。No,I’vejustmissedit.我得走了—我要趕火車。Imustgo—Ihaveatraintocatch.趕公共汽車catchthebus錯(cuò)過(guò)公共汽車missthebus6.vt.togetanillness得??；染疾：e.g.Themorestressyouareunder,themorelikelyyouaretocatchacold.壓力越大，越有可能患感冒。catchacold患感冒(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身)haveacold感冒(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)表正患感冒呢，正處于感冒的狀態(tài))7.vt.~sb’sinterest,imagination,attention,etc.ifsth.catchesyourinterest,etc.,younoticeitandfeelinterestedinit引起，激發(fā)(興趣、想像、注意等)吸引某人的注意attractone’sattention/drawone’sattention/catchone’sattention=attractsb’seye/drawsb’seye/catchsb’seye(固定搭配)e.g.Myshoescaughthisattention.我的鞋子引起了他的注意。她揮手以吸引（引起）我的注意。Shewavedherhandtoattract/catchmyattention.8.vi.&vt.tobegintoburn燒著；著(火)：e.g.catchfire著火(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，指火著起來(lái))beonfire著火(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，正在燃燒)諺語(yǔ)：Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.捷足先登。(早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。)當(dāng)catch表抓到時(shí)，同義詞區(qū)分：grab[ɡr?b]v.抓起，搶奪，熱切或拼命地抓snatch[sn?t?]v.搶奪，突然而迅速地抓起arrest[??rest]v.(依法)逮捕capture[?k?pt??]\o"真人發(fā)音"vt.tocatchapersonorananimalandkeepthemasaprisonerorinanenclosedspace俘虜；俘獲；捕獲trap[tr?p]v.設(shè)陷阱捕捉grasp[ɡrɑ:sp]v.握緊，抓住表握緊、抓住的結(jié)果seize[si:z]v.握緊，抓住表握緊、抓住的結(jié)果IDM:1.catchyourbreath1)tostopbreathingforamomentbecauseoffear,shock,etc.(由于恐懼、震驚等)屏息，屏氣2)tobreathenormallyagainafterrunningordoingsometiringexercise(跑或劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)后)歇口氣2.catchit(BrE)(AmEcatchhell,getit)(spoken)tobepunishedorspokentoangrilyaboutsth.受罰；受斥責(zé)：(通常與will等連用)(hell[hel]n.1.地獄2.[u]苦難的經(jīng)歷；悲慘的境況3.該死，見鬼)e.g.要是你老爸知道了，你非挨罵不可！Ifyourdadfindsoutyou’llreallycatchit!如果我回家晚了，我媽媽會(huì)罵我。IfIcomehomelate,I’llcatchitfrommymother.3.catchsb.red-handedtocatchsb.intheactofdoingsth.wrongorcommittingacrime當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓?。滑F(xiàn)場(chǎng)捕獲Phr.v.1.catchontobecomepopularorfashionable([?f???n?bl]adj.流行的；時(shí)髦的)受歡迎；流行起來(lái)；變得時(shí)髦：e.g.他發(fā)明了一種電動(dòng)汽車，但這種車從未真正流行起來(lái)。Heinventedanelectriccar,butitneverreallycaughton.2.catchup(withsb.)(BrEalsocatchsb.up)1)toreachsb.whoisaheadbygoingfaster趕上，追上(某人)：e.g.你先走吧，我很快會(huì)追上你的。Goahead,please.I’llsooncatchupwithyou.2)toreachthesamelevelorstandardassb.whowasbetterormoreadvanced趕上，達(dá)到(某水平)：e.g.他因病休學(xué)一學(xué)期，不得不努力學(xué)習(xí)好趕上別的同學(xué)。Aftermissingatermthroughillnesshehadtoworkhardtocatchupwiththeothers.(throughprep.bymeansof;becauseof以；憑借；因?yàn)椋挥捎?n.1.[c]接(球等)e.g.接球tomakeacatch2.[c]總捕獲量e.g.捕獲大量的魚ahugecatchoffish3.[c]扣拴物；扣件e.g.門閂；吊扣acatchonthedoor4.[c,usuallysing.]隱藏的困難；暗藏的不利因素5.[u](兒童)傳接球游戲catchphrase[?k?t?freiz]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.名言；流行口號(hào)；時(shí)興的話4)worry[?w?ri]\o"真人發(fā)音"\o"真人發(fā)音"v.,n.v.(worries,worrying,worried,worried)1.~(about/oversb./sth.)tokeepthinkingaboutunpleasantthingsthatmighthappenoraboutproblemsthatyouhave擔(dān)心；擔(dān)憂；發(fā)愁：e.g.[v]不必?fù)?dān)心。我們有很多時(shí)間。Don’tworry.Wehaveplentyoftime.別為我擔(dān)憂。我會(huì)沒(méi)事的。Don’tworryaboutme.I’llbeallright.[v(that)]我擔(dān)心自己進(jìn)不了大學(xué)。IworrythatIwon’tgetintocollege.2.~sb./yourself(aboutsb./sth.)tomakesb./yourselfanxious[???k??s]\o"真人發(fā)音"\o"真人發(fā)音"aboutsb./sth.使擔(dān)心；使擔(dān)憂；使發(fā)愁e.g.我的小女兒令我擔(dān)心。Mylittledaughterworriedmealot.[vn]使我發(fā)愁的是如何再找到工作。WhatworriesmeishowIamgoingtogetanotherjob.[vnthat]他還沒(méi)有回家，這叫我放心不下。Itworriesmethathehasn’tcomehomeyet.3.[vn]~sb.(withsth.)toannoyordisturbsb.騷擾；煩擾；使不安寧：e.g.這噪音似乎從不讓她厭煩。Thenoiseneverseemstoworryher.別老用許多愚蠢的問(wèn)題打擾他。Don’tkeepworryinghimwithalotofsillyquestions.IDM:nottoworry(informal,esp.BrE)itisnotimportant;itdoesnotmatter別擔(dān)心；不必發(fā)愁；沒(méi)關(guān)系：e.g.別著急，我很快就能把它修理好。Nottoworry—Icansoonfixit.n.(pl.-ies)1.[u]thestateofworryingaboutsth.擔(dān)心；憂慮；發(fā)愁synonym:anxiety[?n?zai?ti]\o"真人發(fā)音"\o"真人發(fā)音"e.g.愁得要命tobesickwithworry2.[c]~(about/oversth.)/~(for/tosb.)somethingthatworriesyou令人擔(dān)憂的事；讓人發(fā)愁的事：e.g.唯一令我擔(dān)憂的是……Myonlyworryisthat…worriedadj.~(aboutsb./sth.)/~(bysth.)/~(that…)thinkingaboutunpleasantthingsthathavehappenedorthatmighthappenandthereforefeelingunhappyandafraid擔(dān)心的；擔(dān)憂的；發(fā)愁的e.g.我擔(dān)心我的小女兒。Iwasworriedaboutmylittledaughter.盡量別擔(dān)憂。Trynottogetworried.我還擔(dān)心你不來(lái)呢。Iwasworriedyouwouldn’tcome.adv.worriedlyworryingadj.thatmakesyouworry令人擔(dān)憂的；令人發(fā)愁的：e.g.令人擔(dān)憂的發(fā)展aworryingdevelopmentadv.worryinglybeworriedaboutsth.=beanxious(veryworried)aboutsth.對(duì)…感到焦慮/擔(dān)心4.Somefishermenareunlucky.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.有些垂釣者就是不走運(yùn)，他們往往魚釣不到，卻釣上來(lái)些舊靴子和垃圾。1)fisherman[?fi???m?n]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.(pl.-men)apersonwhocatchesfish,eitherasajoborasasport漁民；釣魚的人2)insteadofprep.intheplaceofsb./sth.代替；作為…的替換：(可放在句首或句尾)insteadof后面加名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)e.g.現(xiàn)在我可以步行去上班，而不必開車了。NowIcanwalktoworkinsteadofgoingbycar.沒(méi)有釣到魚，那些不幸的漁夫釣到一些舊靴子和垃圾。Insteadofcatchingfish,theunluckyfishermencatcholdbootsandrubbish.Theunluckyfishermencatcholdbootsandrubbish.insteadofcatchingfish.男士穿的是短襪而不是長(zhǎng)襪。Menwearsocksinsteadofstockings.我去購(gòu)物了而沒(méi)有做作業(yè)。Iwentshoppinginsteadofdoinghomework.instead[in?sted]\o"真人發(fā)音"adv.intheplaceofsb./sth.代替；頂替；反而；卻(單獨(dú)使用時(shí)一般出現(xiàn)在句尾)：e.g.Ifyoudon’twantaholidayinEngland,whydon’tyougotoAustraliainstead?

如果你不想在英國(guó)度假，那你為什么不去澳大利亞呢？杰克病了，所以我去了。JackwasillsoIwentinstead.3)boot[bu:t]n.1.astrongshoethatcoversthefootandankleandoftenthelowerpartoftheleg靴子：e.g.(BrE)walkingboots便靴apairofblackleather[?lee?]boots一雙黑皮靴cowboyboots牛仔靴2.(BrE)(AmEtrunk[tr??k])theenclosedspaceatthebackofacarthatyouputbags,cases,etc.in(汽車后部的)行李箱e.g.我去把行李放進(jìn)行李箱里。I’llputtheluggageintheboot.haveone’sheartinone’sboots(心沉到了靴子里面)指極為悲歡消沉相似短語(yǔ)：haveone’sheartinone’smouth極為恐懼boots長(zhǎng)筒靴rubberboots橡膠長(zhǎng)靴runningshoes跑鞋leathershoes皮鞋platformshoes厚跟鞋(platform[?pl?tf?:m]n.1.站臺(tái)；月臺(tái)2.厚鞋底)sandals[?s?ndl]n.涼鞋loafer[?l?uf?]n.懶漢鞋；平底便鞋sneakers[?sni:k?]n.(AmE)=trainers[?tre?n?]\o"真人發(fā)音"運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋；(平時(shí)穿的)便鞋slippersn.室內(nèi)便鞋；拖鞋tennisshoes網(wǎng)球鞋moccasin[?m?k?s?n]n.莫卡辛軟皮鞋(原為美洲土著所穿)，軟幫皮鞋shoelace[??u:le?s]n.鞋帶sole[s?ul]n.[c]鞋底；襪底(soleadj.[obn]僅有的；惟一的)heel[hi:l]n.鞋跟high-heeledshoes高跟鞋v.[vn+adv./prep.]tokicksb./sth.hardwithyourfoot猛踢phr.v.bootsb.out(ofsth.)(informal)toforcesb.toleaveaplaceorjob趕走；解雇4)rubbish[?r?bi?]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.[u]1.(esp.BrE)thingsthatyouthrowawaybecauseyounolongerwantorneedthem垃圾；廢棄物：e.g.一堆垃圾apileofrubbish/aheapofrubbish垃圾袋/桶arubbishbag/bin生活垃圾householdrubbish(pile[pail]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.1.[c]摞；沓2.[c]堆；成堆的東西3.[c]~ofsth(informal)許多；大量heap[hi:p]n.1.~(ofsth.)(凌亂的)一堆；2.[usuallypl.](informal)許多；大量bin[bin]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.(BrE)垃圾箱)2.(BrE,informal)(alsousedasanadjective也用作形容詞)somethingthatyouthinkisofpoorquality劣質(zhì)的東西：e.g.我覺(jué)得這部戲很差!Ithoughttheplaywasrubbish!3.(BrE,informal)comments,ideas,etc.thatyouthinkarestupidorwrong廢話；瞎說(shuō)synonym:nonsensen.謬論；胡扯；胡言亂語(yǔ)e.g.瞎說(shuō)！你并不胖！Rubbish!You’renotfat!別說(shuō)廢話了！Don’ttalkrubbish!garbage[?ɡɑ:bid?]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.[u]1.(esp.AmE)wastefood,paper,etc.thatyouthrowaway(生活)垃圾；廢物：e.g.垃圾收集garbagecollection2.(esp.AmE)aplaceorcontainerwherewastefood,paper,etc.canbeplaced垃圾場(chǎng)；垃圾箱；垃圾桶：e.g.把它扔到垃圾箱里去。Throwitinthegarbage.3.(informal)somethingstupidornottrue廢話；無(wú)聊的東西synonym:rubbishgarbagecan(AmE)=dustbin垃圾桶garbageman(alsoformalgarbagecollector)(AmE)=dustman(BrE)垃圾工；垃圾清潔工garbagetruck(AmE)=dustcart(BrE)垃圾車refuse[?refju:s]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.[u](written)廢棄物；垃圾5.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything--notevenoldboots.我的運(yùn)氣甚至還不及他們。我什么東西也未釣到過(guò)--就連舊靴子也沒(méi)有。1)evenadv.1.(強(qiáng)調(diào)出乎意料)甚至，連，即使：e.g.他根本沒(méi)打開過(guò)那封信。Heneverevenopenedtheletter.就連小孩子也能理解。Evenachildcanunderstandit.2.(用以加強(qiáng)比較)甚至；更，愈加，還：e.g.她甚至比她姐姐還聰明。She’sevenmoreintelligentthanhersister.我是更加不幸運(yùn)。Iamevenlesslucky.2)less是little的比較級(jí)，意為“不及”、“不如”、“更少”、“更不…”(消極比較級(jí))：更加幸運(yùn)morelucky更加不幸運(yùn)lesslucky1)Aisless+原級(jí)thanBA比B更不……e.g.我比以前更不愉快/更痛苦。Iamlesshappythanbefore.這個(gè)故事比那個(gè)更無(wú)聊。Thisstoryislessinterestingthanthatone.2)notas/so…as不及；不如e.g.我沒(méi)以前那么愉快。(現(xiàn)在不一定不快樂(lè))Iamnotsohappyasbefore.這個(gè)故事沒(méi)那個(gè)有趣。(也許這個(gè)也很有趣)Thisstoryisnotsointerestingasthatone.3)with可以表示“有…的”、“持有…的”、“隨身帶著…”等：e.g.那個(gè)帶傘的男人是誰(shuí)？Who’sthemanwiththeumbrella?那個(gè)留胡子的男人是誰(shuí)？Who’sthemanwiththebeard?帶著那個(gè)小男孩的女人是誰(shuí)？Who’sthewomanwiththelittleboy?withanemptybag伴隨狀語(yǔ)指帶著空袋子回家6.Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.我總是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空著袋子回家。1)After(prep.)havingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.After(conj.)Ihavespentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.afterprep.,conj.當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，才可省略作afterdoing…e.g.說(shuō)完晚安之后，這個(gè)小男孩睡覺(jué)去了。AftersayingGoodnight,theboywenttobed./AftertheboysaidGoodnight,theboywenttobed.學(xué)生們交完試卷之后，老師走了。Afterthestudentshandedintheirpapers,theteacherleft.(本句主從句主語(yǔ)不一致，不可省略成afterdoing形式)2)spend(sb.)spendtime/money/energyonsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間、金錢、精力在某事上面(sb.)spendtime/money/energy(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間、金錢、精力來(lái)做某事7.'Youmustgiveupfishing!'myfriendssay.'It'sawasteoftime.'“你可別再釣魚了！”我的朋友們說(shuō)，“這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間?！?)giveup放棄；停止干某事e.g.不要再釣魚了；停止釣魚giveupfishing戒煙giveupsmoking放棄作斗爭(zhēng)giveupfighting(動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ))2)it’s/its(it’s是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，its是形容詞性物主代詞)e.g.天很冷。It’sacoldday.天在下雨。Itisraining.Thecatdrankitsmilk.貓把它的牛奶喝了。Thisenginehaslostitspower.這個(gè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)失去了動(dòng)力。3)waste[weist]v.,n.,adj.vt.1.~sth(onsth.)/~sth.(in)doingsth.tousemoreofsth.thanisnecessaryoruseful浪費(fèi)；濫用e.g.不要浪費(fèi)你的時(shí)間、金錢以及精力。Don’twasteyourtime,moneyandenergy.一切努力都被浪費(fèi)了。Alltheeffortswerewasted.為什么浪費(fèi)錢買你不需要的衣服呢？Whywastemoneyonclothesyoudon’tneed?你跟他解釋是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。You’rewastingyourtime(in)tryingtoexplainittohim.(=becausehewillnotunderstand).2.[usuallypassive]tonotmakegoodorfulluseofsb./sth.未充分利用；使…屈才：e.g.這白白浪費(fèi)了一次機(jī)會(huì)。Itwasawastedopportunity.你當(dāng)銷售經(jīng)理屈才了，你本應(yīng)該做演員。You’rewastedasasalesmanager—youshouldhavebeenanactor.IDM:1.wasteyourbreathtosaysth.thatnobodytakesanynoticeof白費(fèi)唇舌(breathn.1.[u]呼吸的空氣2.[c]一次吸入的空氣3.~ofsth.(fml)微量；跡象)2.wastenot,wantnot(saying諺語(yǔ))ifyouneverwasteanything,esp.foodormoney,youwillalwayshaveitwhenyouneedit勤儉節(jié)約，吃穿不缺(不浪費(fèi)，就不缺乏)(尤指食物或錢)=Ifyouneverwasteanything,you’llneverlackit.Phr.v.wasteaway(ofaperson人)tobecomethinandweak,esp.becauseofillness(尤指因病)變得瘦弱；(人、體力)衰弱n.1.[u,sing]~(ofsth.)theactofusingsth.inacarelessorunnecessaryway,causingittobelostordestroyed浪費(fèi)；濫用：e.g.我憎恨不必要的浪費(fèi)。Ihateunnecessarywaste.多么浪費(fèi)紙?。hatawasteofpaper!gotowaste變成廢物e.g.我不愿看到好好的食物被扔掉。Ihatetoseegoodfoodgotowaste(=bethrownaway).2.[sing.]asituationinwhichitisnotworthspendingtime,money,etc.onsth.白費(fèi)；糟蹋：awasteof…對(duì)…的浪費(fèi)這簡(jiǎn)直在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。It’sawasteoftime.這是對(duì)錢的浪費(fèi)。It’sawasteofmoney.這是在浪費(fèi)感情。It’sawasteoffeeling.這是在浪費(fèi)食物。It’sawasteoffood.3.[u](alsowastes[pl.])materialsthatarenolongerneededandarethrownaway廢料；廢物；棄物；垃圾e.g.家庭垃圾；工業(yè)廢料household/industrialwaste(household[?haush?uld]adj.家庭的/\o"真人發(fā)音"n.一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人industrial[in?d?stri?l]\o"真人發(fā)音"adj.1.工業(yè)的；產(chǎn)業(yè)的2.用于工業(yè)的)4.(wastes)[pl.](formal)alargeareaoflandwherethereareveryfewpeople,animalsorplants人煙稀少的地區(qū)；荒蕪地區(qū)；荒原：IDM:awasteofspace(spoken)apersonwhoisuselessornogoodatanything無(wú)用的人；干什么都不行的人；廢物；飯桶adj.[usuallybeforenoun]1.notsuitableforbuildingorgrowingthingsonandisthereforenotused荒蕪的；未開墾的；廢棄的：e.g.一塊荒地apieceofwasteground2.nolongerneededforaparticularprocessandthereforethrownaway廢棄的；丟棄的；無(wú)用的e.g.污水wastewaterwastebasket(AmE)=waste-paperbasket(BrE)廢紙簍；廢紙箱wastepapern.[u]廢紙wastedadj.[onlybeforenoun](ofanaction行動(dòng))徒勞無(wú)功的；白費(fèi)的e.g.我們白跑了一趟，他們不在。Wehadawastedtrip----theyweren’tin.wastefuladj.~(ofsth.)浪費(fèi)的；揮霍的e.g.對(duì)資源的大肆揮霍awastefuluseofresourceswastelandn.[c,u]荒地；荒原；不毛之地8.Buttheydon'trealizeoneimportantthing.I'mnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!然而他們沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到重要的一點(diǎn)，我并不是真的對(duì)釣魚有興趣，我感興趣的只是獨(dú)坐孤舟，無(wú)所事事！1)realize[?ri?laiz]\o"真人發(fā)音"v.(notusedintheprogressivetenses不用于進(jìn)行時(shí))(不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，人作主語(yǔ))tounderstandorbecomeawareofaparticularfactorsituation理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)；認(rèn)識(shí)到；意識(shí)到e.g.認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤torealize(vt.)one’smistake=beawareofone’smistake[v.(that)]我沒(méi)有察覺(jué)到你那么不開心。Ididn’trealize(that)youweresounhappy.我一看到她，就覺(jué)得不太對(duì)勁。ThemomentIsawher,Irealizedsomethingwaswrong.她意識(shí)到他正在說(shuō)謊呢。Sherealizedthathewaslying.[v.]形勢(shì)比他們最初意識(shí)到的更為復(fù)雜。Thesituationwasmorecomplicatedthantheyhadatfirstrealized.[v.wh-]我認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這對(duì)她是多么重要。Idon’tthinkyourealizehowimportantthisistoher.[vn]我希望你能認(rèn)識(shí)到這一罪行的嚴(yán)重性。Ihopeyourealizetheseriousnessofthiscrime.他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到一件重要的事情。Theydon’trealizeoneimportantthing.[vnthat]人們意識(shí)到大家都已平安歸來(lái)的時(shí)候便發(fā)出了一陣歡呼聲。Therewasacheerwhenitwasrealizedthateveryonewassafelyback.2.[vn]toachievesth.importantthatyouverymuchwanttodo實(shí)現(xiàn)；將……變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)(可用于主動(dòng)，也可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))e.g.實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的希望realizeone’shope實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想realizeone’sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的計(jì)劃realizeone’splan他終于實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想了。Herealizedhisdreamatlast.他的夢(mèng)想終于被實(shí)現(xiàn)了。Hisdreamwasrealizedatlast.她從未能實(shí)現(xiàn)成為一名職業(yè)歌手的志向。(ambition[?m?bi??n]\o"真人發(fā)音"n.[u]野心；雄心；志向)Sheneverrealizedherambitionofbecomingaprofessionalsinger.我們努力幫助所有的學(xué)生充分發(fā)揮他們的潛力。Wetr