Unit+10+筆記 人教版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

Unit10知識(shí)梳理總結(jié)【詞匯】meet(v.遇見；相逢)→meeting（n.會(huì)議；集會(huì)）advise（v.勸告；建議）→advice(n.)organize（v.組織）→organized（adj.有組織的）→organization(n.組織)→organizer(n.組織者；策劃者)travel(v.&n.旅行；游歷)→travler（n.游客；旅行者）→traveled/travelled(過去式)normal（adj.正常的；一般的）→normally(adv.正常地；通常)certain(adj.確定；肯定)→certainly（adv.無疑；肯定）anger（n.怒氣）→angry（adj.發(fā)怒的；生氣的）→angrily(adv.發(fā)怒地；生氣地)understand（v.理解）→understood（過去式）→understanding（adj.善解人意的；體諒人的）care（n.小心；謹(jǐn)慎）→careful（adj.小心的）→carefully（adv.仔細(xì)地）→careless（adj.粗心的；不小心的）→carelessly（adv.粗心地）【短語】haveagreat/good/wonderfultime=enjoyoneself=havefun玩得開心haveaclassmeeting開班會(huì)watchavideo看錄像givesb.someadvice=givesomeadvicetosb.給某人一些建議orderfood點(diǎn)餐travelaroundtheworld環(huán)游世界gotocollege上大學(xué)make(alot)money賺（很多）錢getaneducation接受教育keep…tooneself保守秘密haveproblemswith…在…方面有困難intheend最后；最終makeamistake/makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤inthefuture在將來thesame…as…和……一樣runawayfrom逃避；回避inhalf分成兩半solveaproblem解決問題discusssth.withsb.和某人討論某事getintoafightwith=haveafightwith…=fightwith…和…吵架/打架【Languagepoints】halftheclasswon’tcomehalf①(adj.)一半的；半個(gè)的halftheclass一半的同學(xué)②(n.)半；一半，復(fù)數(shù)形式為halves。twoyearsandahalf=twoandahalfyears兩年半【拓】halfof...半數(shù)的Halfofthecheeseisenough.(cheese是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用is)Halfofthestudentsarepreparingfortheparty.(students是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用are）...let’sorderfoodfromarestaurant.order①（v.）訂購(gòu)；訂貨；點(diǎn)菜e.g.Iorderedsomechickensandwich.②（v.）命令；囑咐ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事③（n.）秩序；順序；點(diǎn)菜e.g.Putthesentencesinorder.按順序排列句子。MayItakeyourorder?我可以為你點(diǎn)餐嗎？【拓】order可構(gòu)成inorderto...或inorderthat...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“為了......”Hegetsupearlyinordertocatchthebus.=Hegetsupearlyinorderthathecancatchthebus.Ifweaskpeopletobringfood,theywilljustbringpotatochipsandchocolatebecausethey’llbetoolazytocook.asksb,todosth.要求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.要求某人不要做某事potatochips炸土豆條potato用作定語，修飾chips，要用單數(shù)。chocolate巧克力，不可數(shù)名詞Ifyougototheparty,theywillbeupset.upset（adj.）難過；失望；沮喪beupsetabout/atsth.因......而難過beupsetwithsb.生某人的氣；對(duì)某人感到不快e.g.Sheisstillupsetwithme.5.Canyougivemesomeadvice?advice（不可數(shù)名詞）建議，同義詞：suggestion(可數(shù)名詞）表示數(shù)量借助piece或some。apieceofadvice一條建議twopiecesofadvice兩條建議givesb.someadvice給某人一些建議asksb.foradvice向某人征求建議take/followsb’sadvice聽取某人的建議6.travelaroundtheworld環(huán)游世界①（v.）travelto...到......旅行②（n.）旅行；旅游spacetravel太空旅行airtravel乘飛機(jī)旅行【拓】traveler（n.）旅行者Unlesswetalktosomeone,we’llcertainlyfeelworse.（1）unless(conj.)除非；如果不，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，相當(dāng)于if...not...。e.g.Unlessheinvitesme,Iwon’tgototheparty.=Ifhedoesn’tinviteme,Iwon’tgotohisparty.(2)certainly(adv.）無疑；當(dāng)然；肯定；形容詞：certain意為“無疑的；必然的”。Hecancertainlygiveyousomeadvice.【拓】certainly可單獨(dú)使用，在答語中表示“當(dāng)然可以；沒問題”，相當(dāng)于sure/ofcourse/noproblem?！狢anyouhelpmecarrythebox?—Certainly.IfItellmyparents,they’llbeangry.angry(adj.）發(fā)怒的；生氣的angrily(adv.）憤怒地；生氣地getangry生氣beangrywith/atsb.生某人的氣beangryaboutsth.對(duì)某事生氣Intheend,shetalkedtoherparentsandtheywerereallyunderstanding.intheend=atlast=finally最后；最終understanding①(adj.）善解人意的；體諒的；比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)：more/mostunderstanding②(n.）理解e.g.Yourunderstandingisnecessaryforme.【拓】understand(v.）理解；明白e.g.Hetriedhisbesttounderstandhermeaning.10.Herdadsaidhesometimesmadecarelessmistakeshimself.(1)careless（adj.）粗心的；不小心的；副詞：carelessly反義詞：careful（adj.)小心的；【拓】某些名詞后加-less，表示否定意義，意為“不...的；無...的”meaning+-less——meaningless毫無意義的help+-less——helpless無助的home+-less——homeless無家可歸的hope+-less——hopeless無望的use+-less——useless無用的mistake①（可數(shù)名詞）錯(cuò)誤；失誤makeamistake/makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；無意地②（v.）弄錯(cuò)；誤解過去式：mistookmistake...for...錯(cuò)把......當(dāng)作.......himself反身代詞反身代詞常作賓語，與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。e.g.HisnameisJamesbuthecallhimselfJim.單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myself我自己ourselves我們自己第二人稱yourself你自己yourselves你們自己第三人稱himself他自己themselves他/她/它們自己herself她自己itself它自己【拓】反身代詞構(gòu)成的常用短語：helponeselfto...隨便吃/喝...enjoyoneself過得快樂；玩得開心teachoneself=learn...byoneself自學(xué)...lookafteroneself照顧某人自己dressoneself自己穿衣服11.RobertHuntadvisesstudentsaboutcommonproblems.advise（v.）勸告；建議advisesb.about/on...關(guān)于......給某人忠告/建議advisesb.(not)todosth.勸告某人（不要）做某事MissMuadvisesustoreadEnglisheveryday.advisedoingsth.建議做某事Mymotheradvisedbuyingthegiftasearlyaspossible.advisethat從句that從句用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。(了解)MissMuadvisedthatwe(should)doexerciseeveryday.Itisbestnotrunawayfromourproblems.Itisbest(not)todosth.最好（不）做某事，it為形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式是真正主語。相當(dāng)于“You’dbetter(not)dosth.”e.g.Itisbesttodoexerciseeveryday.=You’dbetterdoexerciseeveryday.(2)runawayfrom逃避；回避e.g.Youcan’trunawayfromtheproblem.你不能逃避這個(gè)難題?！就亍颗crun相關(guān)短語：runafter追趕runoutof用完；用光runaway逃跑Weshouldalwaystrytosolvethem.solve解決；解答常與problem搭配使用，表示解決問題，問題難度大answer回答；答復(fù)常與question搭配使用，表示回答問題，問題難度小e.g.Whocananswermyquestions?14.Hethinksthefirststepistofindsomeoneyoutrusttotalkto.(1)step（可數(shù)名詞）步；步驟stepbystep一步一步地takeastep/takesteps采取措施trust（v.）信任；相信trustsb./sth.(=believeinsb./sth.)相信某人/某事Trustsb.(not)todosth.相信某人（不）會(huì)做某事（n.）信任Ifyouputyourtrustinme,Iwillnotletyoudown.15.Studentsoftenforgetthattheirparentshavemoreexperience.①(不可數(shù)名詞)經(jīng)驗(yàn)Shehasmuchteachingexperience.②(可數(shù)名詞）經(jīng)歷Tomlikestravelling.Hehasmanyunusualexperiences.(及物動(dòng)詞）經(jīng)歷；體驗(yàn)Kidsneedtoexperiencehardlife.InEnglish,wesaythatsharingaproblemislikecuttingitinhalf.sharingaproblem,動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。inhalf分成兩半=intohalvesSoyou’rehalfwaytosolvingaproblemjustbytalkingtosomeoneaboutit.behalfwayto...完成做某事的一半/部分，to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用V-ing形式。Wearehalfwaytofinishingthetask.Whoelsecanyougetadvicefrom?辨析：else與otherelseadv.別的；其他的通常放在疑問詞，不定代詞之后what/who/anythingelseotheradj.其余的；另外的修飾名詞，放在名詞之前otherpeoplee.g.Whatelsecanyouseeintheclassroom?Whatotherthingscanyouseeintheclassroom?【Grammar語法】If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句1.含義：在復(fù)合句中作條件狀語的句子，叫條件狀語從句。2.位置：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。位于主句前，用逗號(hào)隔開，位于主句后，不用逗號(hào)隔開。e.g.Ifyougetuplate,youwillmissthebus.Youwillmissthebusifyougetuplate.3.時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)主句為以下三種情況時(shí)，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。（1）主句是一般將來時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）Ifitissunnytomorrow,Iwilltakeatrip.從句：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句：一般將來時(shí)（2）主句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may,might,can,must,should等（主情從現(xiàn)）Ifyouwanttogothere,youca