英語(yǔ)省略句講解課件

省略

為了使講話和行文簡(jiǎn)潔，句中某些成分有時(shí)可省略。省略可分以下幾種情況：

1（一）簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略1、省略主語(yǔ)：祈使句中主語(yǔ)通常省略。其它省略主語(yǔ)多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說(shuō)法。e.g.(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.（括號(hào)內(nèi)為省略的詞語(yǔ)，下同）(I)Seeyoutomorrow. (It)Doesn’tmatter.2、省略主謂語(yǔ)或主謂語(yǔ)的一部分。e.g.(Thereis)Nosmoking. (Isthere)Anythingwrong? Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?（一）簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略23、省略作賓語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)，只保留to。e.g.----Areyougoingthere? ----I’dliketo(gothere).Hedidnotgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).(動(dòng)詞:want,wish,expect,hope,like,love,try,forget,decide,prefer,mean,intend,plan,refuse…等動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。tell,ask,want,expect,warn…等動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)。形容詞：glad,happy,pleased,delighted,…短語(yǔ)：begoingto,beaboutto,beableto,haveto,usedto,oughtto,…)注意：如果該賓語(yǔ)是be動(dòng)詞或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在to之后加上be或have。e.g.----Areyouanengineer? ----No,butIwanttobe.----Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet. ----Well,heoughttohave.3、省略作賓語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)，只保留to。34、省略表語(yǔ)。

e.g.----Areyouthirsty? ----Yes,Iam(thirsty).5、感嘆句根據(jù)上下文的省略。e.g.Whatawonderfulfilm(itis)!(It’s)Simplyimpossible!6、介詞的省略：e.g.Theoldmanhadnodifficulty(in)findinghishouse.一些固定詞組：haveahardtime(in)doingsth.wastetime(in)doingsth.,spend…(in)doingsth.prevent/stop…(from)…,bebusy(in)doing…,beengaged(in)doing…,there’snouse(in)doing…,…

Hefailed(in)thegame.

Thewarlasted(for)fouryears.（但在句首和與walk等連用不可）Comeandseeme(at)anytimeyoulike.(in,on,at,by)Hestayed(at)homeallday.Hewalked(for)threeli.(表示距離的狀語(yǔ)中)（In)Thiswayyouwillsucceed.4、省略表語(yǔ)。4(

You)openthedoor.Please!---WouldyouliketowatchNBA?---(It)soundslikeagoodidea.1、OmittingtheSubject（主語(yǔ)）(1)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(2)(I)haven’tseenyouforages.(3)(It)Doesn’tmatter.(You)openthedoor.Please!52、OmittingthePredicative（表語(yǔ)）–Isheateacher?--Yes,heis(ateacher).(2)Hissisterisn’tlazy,norishisbrother(lazy).2、OmittingthePredicative（表語(yǔ)）6

－WillLiuxiangwinthefirstprizeinthe2008OlympicGames?－Sorry,Idon’tknow(whetherhewillwinthefirstprizeinthe2008OlympicGamesornot).

3.OmittingtheObject（賓語(yǔ)）－WillLiuxiangwinthefirst77、名詞所有格后面的名詞，如果是表示住宅，店鋪，教堂或者上下文已經(jīng)暗示或明確指出過(guò)的事物時(shí)常省略。

e.g.Athersister’s(house),shespentapleasantweekend.8、連詞的省略：

notonly…but(also)…,whether…(ornot),so(that)9、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的省略

insist,order,command,suggest,propose,advise,demand,require,request,ask.It’snecessary/important/impossible/strange/natural/apity…10、同時(shí)省略幾個(gè)成分。e.g.Let’smeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.----Haveyoufinishedyourwork? ----(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.7、名詞所有格后面的名詞，如果是表示住宅，店鋪，8（二）并列句中的省略

兩個(gè)并列分句中，后一個(gè)分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。e.g.Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.

Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.（二）并列句中的省略9（三）主從復(fù)合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略。e.g.(I’m)Sorrytohearthatyouareill.

(Itisa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2、省略了一個(gè)從句或從句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。e.g.----Ishecomingbacktonight? ----Ithinkso.----Ishefeelingbettertoday? ----I’mafraidnot.這種用法常見(jiàn)的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso及Isupposenot.Ibelievednot.Iimaginenot.Iexpectnot.Ihopenot.Iguessnot等。（但I(xiàn)don’tthinkso比Ithinknot更常用）。（三）主從復(fù)合句中的省略10---Doyouthinkitwillrain?---Ithinknot.

(Idon’tthinkitwillrain)---Doyouthinkitwillrain?---Ithinkso.(thatitwillrain)1)Howso?Whyso?2)Isthatso?Ihopeso.3)Isuppose/believe/hopenot.---Doyouthinkitwillrain11(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Comein)Thisway,please.4.OmittingthePredicate（謂語(yǔ)）andpartofit(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(C125.OmittingtheSubject（主語(yǔ)）&Predicate（謂語(yǔ)）orpartofthem(I’m)Sorrytohearyouareill.

(2)(Willyou)Haveasmoke/acupoftea?

（３）Whatawonderfultime(wehad)!5.OmittingtheSubject（主語(yǔ)）&13（四）其它省略1、連詞that的省略：①、賓語(yǔ)從句中常省略連詞that，但也有不能省略的情況be+某些形容詞(afraid,sure,sorry,certain,glad…)；兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上）賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)；Hesaidthat,

ifhecouldmanageit,hewouldcomefordinner.

②、在定語(yǔ)從句中，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)/Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。I’mnottheman(that)Iwaswhenyouknewmefirst.Thisisthefastesttrain(that)thereistoBeijing.Thisisthebestway(that)weshouldchoose.Idon’tliketheway

(that)/inwhichhetalkstohisparents.③、引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句等的連詞that一般不可省略。在表語(yǔ)從句中偶爾可省略。Whattheywanttodois(that)theygotoplaybasketball.（四）其它省略142、不定式符號(hào)to的省略①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。e.g.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.

Tobefortheplanortobeagainsttheplandoesn’tmatter.②、當(dāng)不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果前面主語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do及各種形式，則不定式可省略。

Whathewantstodois(to)gohome.③

、某些使役動(dòng)詞（如let,make,have）及感官動(dòng)詞（如see,watch,notice,hear,feel,lookat和listento等）后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式一定要省去to，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中須把to加上。e.g.----Isawtheboyfallfromthetree. ----Theboywasseentofall

fromthetree.④、介詞but/except/besides前若有動(dòng)詞do，后面的不定式不帶to。e.g.Theboydidnothingbutplay.2、不定式符號(hào)to的省略153.---Isheapainter?---Yes,heis(apainter).---Areyouapainter?---No,butIwanttobe(apainter).英語(yǔ)省略句講解ppt課件161–AreyougoingtoTibet?--Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).2---Haveyoueverbeentotheseaside?---No.Ishouldhave

(beentotheseaside),butIwasbusythen.

“Todo”astheObject1–AreyougoingtoTibet?2--173、在某些狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句的主語(yǔ)(或it)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可省去“主語(yǔ)+be”部分或從句的主語(yǔ)it。（參看“狀語(yǔ)從句”有關(guān)部分）Lookoutforcarswhencrossingthestreet.Fillintheblankswitharticleswherenecessary.Sheworkedextremelyhardthoughstillratherpoorinhealth.

在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，than或as后