人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)各知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)

人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)各知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)Unti1what’sthematter?◆短語(yǔ)歸納toomuch太多2.liedown躺下getanX-ray做個(gè)X光檢查4.takeone’stemperature量體溫putsomemedicineon......在....上敷藥6.haveafever發(fā)燒7.takebreaks/takeabreak休息8.withoutthinkingtwice沒(méi)多想getoff下車10.takesbtothehospital送某人去醫(yī)院waitfor等待12.toone’ssurprise使.......驚訝的13.thanksto多虧于；由于14.intime及時(shí)thinkabout考慮16.haveaheartproblem患有心臟病getintothetrouble遇到麻煩18.dotherightthing做正確的事情事情19.falldown摔倒20.put......onsth把...放在某物上gethit/sunburned摔傷/燒傷22.beinterestedin對(duì).....感興趣beusedto習(xí)慣于....24.takerisks/takearisk挑戰(zhàn)25.loseone’slife失去生命26.becauseof因?yàn)?7.runoutof用完28.cutoff切除29.getoutof從...出來(lái)30.makeadecision/decisions做決定beincontrolof掌管；管理giveup放棄◆用法歸納needtodosth.需要去做某事2.seesbdoingsth看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事asksbsth詢問(wèn)某人某事4.expectsbtodosth期望某人做某事agreetodosth同意做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事wanttodosth想要做某事8.tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有困難10.usesthtodosth用某物去做某事be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事12.seemtodosth好像做某事keepondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事14.minddoingsth介意做某事◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)詢問(wèn)某人的健康問(wèn)題及遇到麻煩的表達(dá)方法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法3.不定代詞的用法◆精細(xì)解讀1.What’sthematter(withyou)?怎么了？出什么事了？What’sthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever發(fā)燒haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼3.身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容詞或副詞，意為太。。。，toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞，意為太多。。。。5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名詞后，形副后。goodenough足夠好，enoughmoney足夠的錢6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺著，過(guò)去式lay；lie說(shuō)謊，過(guò)去式lied7.maybe“或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。Hemaybeangry.8.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容詞，“聽(tīng)起來(lái)，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主語(yǔ)通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主語(yǔ)通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交車）geton上車11.agree同意，贊同；同意做某事agreetodo，同意某人的看法、觀點(diǎn)agreewithsb。12.trouble問(wèn)題，麻煩；beintrouble陷入困境，maketrouble制造麻煩，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做某事有困難。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為立刻，馬上。14.runout用完，用盡Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用盡了。人sb.runoutofsth..人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.15.risk(sb.)todosth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒險(xiǎn)16.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的17.decision【名詞】決定；抉擇；makeadecision做決定18.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol無(wú)法控制，無(wú)法管理◆重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法【反身代詞】英語(yǔ)中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

用在某些固定短語(yǔ)當(dāng)中。如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顧自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自學(xué)enjoyoneself玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快helponeselftosth請(qǐng)自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔傷自己saytooneself自言自語(yǔ)leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨(dú)留下buyoneselfsth.給自己買……東西introduceoneself介紹……自己

【提醒】1.反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ)，但可以做主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。（誤）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時(shí)，須要用one’sown.如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.【練習(xí)】1.Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardfor_________justnow.2.Badluck!Icut_________withaknifeyesterday.3.Theytellustheycanlookafter_________verywell.4.Mycatcanfindfoodby_________.5.Help__________tosomebeef,boys.6.Jennyenjoyed_________intheparkyesterdayafternoon.7.Wecanfinishourhomeworkby_________.8.Theblindgirllost_________inthebeautifulmusic.9.XiaoHui,canyouintroduce_________tous?10.Billwantstoteach_________Frenchfromnowon.

Unit2I’llhelptocleanthecityparks◆短語(yǔ)歸納cleanup打掃干凈2.cheerup（使）變得更高興；振奮起來(lái)giveout分發(fā)4.usedto曾經(jīng)......；過(guò)去........giveaway贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)6.setup建立；設(shè)立makeadifference有作為8.comeupwith想出putoff推遲10.putup張貼callup打電話給12.helpout幫助.....擺脫困難carefor照顧；照看14.giveup放棄tryoutfor參加選拔16.cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)runoutof用光18.takeafter與.....相像fixup修理20.besimiliarto與......相似用法歸納needtodosth需要做某事2.makeplantodosth制定計(jì)劃做某事asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不要）做某事usedtodosth過(guò)去常常做某事5.decidetodosth決定做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事7.makeadifferenceto對(duì)......產(chǎn)生影響8.makeitpossibleforsbtodosth使得做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是可能的◆拓展鏈接動(dòng)詞+副詞短語(yǔ)cheerup使高興起來(lái)cleanup打掃干凈putup張貼mixup修理giveaway贈(zèng)送giveout分發(fā)giveup放棄useup用光getup起床handin上交putoff推遲pickup撿起thinkover仔細(xì)思考turndown關(guān)小音量setup建立setoff出發(fā)lookout小心動(dòng)詞+介詞短語(yǔ)lookafter照顧belongto屬于takeafter與....相像hearfrom收到.....來(lái)信hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)payfor支付waitfor等待動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞短語(yǔ)getoutof避免comeupwith想出catchupwith追上趕上lookforwardto期待盼望goonwith繼續(xù)動(dòng)詞+名詞短語(yǔ)havearest休息一下takeawalk散步makemistakes犯錯(cuò)haveatry試一下takeplace發(fā)生tellalie撒謊makeadecision做決定動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)havealookat看一看makeafriendwith與.....交朋友payattentionto注意makefunof取笑Be+形容詞+介詞短語(yǔ)belatefor遲到beangrywith生氣befondof喜歡begoodat擅長(zhǎng)begoodfor對(duì)...有好處beshortof缺乏besimiliarto與......相似bestrictwith對(duì)......嚴(yán)格要求bepoundof驕傲自豪語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞不定式歸納只跟動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞決心學(xué)會(huì)有希望（decide,learn,wish,hope）同意計(jì)劃莫假裝（agree,plan,pretend）忘記拒絕會(huì)失望（forget,refuse,fail）準(zhǔn)備設(shè)法來(lái)幫忙（prepare,try,manage,help）提供請(qǐng)求負(fù)擔(dān)起（offer,beg,afford）記得阻止理應(yīng)當(dāng)（rememberstop,besupposed）◆習(xí)題鏈接-Tomfailedtheexamagain-Sorrytohearthat.Weshoulddosomethingto.cheerhimupB.cheeronhimC.cheerhimonD.cheeruohim2.Theboysvolunteerthreehoursuptheparkneartheirschool.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanedD.withcleaningThewomaninredateacher.Sheworksinahospitalnow.usedtobeB.isusedtobeC.wasusedtobeD.isTheoldmanlives,buthedoesn’tfeel.alone;aloneB.lonely;lonelyC.lonely;aloneD.alone;lonelyTina,Ihavesomethingimportantyou.tellingB.tellsC.tellD.totell--Theoldmanallhismoneytoacharity.tookawayB.putawayC.wentawayD.gaveawayWeallfeelafterhearofthenews.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitingC.excited;excitingD.exciting;excitedUnit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?◆短語(yǔ)歸納dothedishes洗餐具takeoutthetrash倒垃圾3.atleast至少4.throwdown扔下5.allthetime一直；反復(fù)6.insurprise驚訝地7.assoonas一......就......8.spend......on......在......花費(fèi)（時(shí)間、金錢、精力）9.inorderto為了10.providesthforsb向某人提供某物11.dependon依賴；信賴12.lookafter照顧；照看13.takecareof照顧14.asaresult結(jié)果◆用法歸納finishdoingsth做完某事2.wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事try(not)todosth盡力（不）做某事4.letsbdosth讓某人做某事spend......(in)doingsth花費(fèi)......做某事minddoingsth介意做某事7.learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事learnhowtodosth學(xué)習(xí)怎樣做某事The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)越......，就越.....◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could的用法表示請(qǐng)求與準(zhǔn)許，could委婉有禮貌；表示能力會(huì)不會(huì)，could只把過(guò)去表Unit4whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?◆短語(yǔ)歸納toomuch太多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）2.hangout閑逛toomany太多（修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）4.getintoafight爭(zhēng)吵callsbup給某人打電話6.talkabout談?wù)搇ookthrough瀏覽8.giveback歸還beangrywithsb生某人的氣10.abigdeal重要的事情workout解決；算出12.getonwithsb與某人和睦相處communicatewithsb與某人交流14.beworriedabout擔(dān)心.....beafraidof害怕.....16.infrontof在...前面not...anymore不再...18.somuch/many那么多competewithsb與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)20.cutout刪除；刪去allkindsof各種各樣22.compare....with.....比較；對(duì)比inone’sopinion依...看24.turndown調(diào)小◆用法歸納allowsbtodosth允許某人做某事2.whydon’tyoudosth?為什么不做某事呢？whynotdosth?為什么不做某事呢？4.findsbdoingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事6.refusetodosth拒絕做某事letsbdosth讓某人做某事8.offertodosth主動(dòng)提供做某事not....until....直到....才...10.it’stimetodosth該做某事了it+adj+todosth做某事是.....的12.keepondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事whatdoyouthinkof...?你認(rèn)為....怎么樣？◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)Whydon’tyou+V.......?等提出建議的句型及常用的答語(yǔ)2.連詞until,sothat以及although引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句Unit5whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?◆短語(yǔ)歸納waitfor等待2.lookfor尋找gooff(鬧鈴）發(fā)出聲音4.takeashower洗澡pickup接電話；撿起6.makesure確信；務(wù)必havefun玩的開心8.fallasleep入睡；睡覺(jué)diedown逐漸變?nèi)酰恢饾u消失10.wakeup醒來(lái)；叫醒11.inamess亂七八糟12.takephotos照相13.turnon打開14.insilence沉默地；無(wú)聲地15.takedown摧毀；拆卸；記下16.tellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話17.pointout指出18.goaway消失19.aswell也◆用法歸納bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsth忙于（做）某事seesb/sthdoingsth看見(jiàn)某人或某物正在做某事begin/starttodosth開始做某事trytodosth努力去做某事havetrouble（in）doingsth做某事有困難◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行最好記，was/were+doing特定時(shí)間有暗示，過(guò)去某刻某時(shí)段肯定主語(yǔ)在句首，一般問(wèn)句Be提前否定句式更簡(jiǎn)單，Be后只把not添Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains◆短語(yǔ)歸納workon從事2.assoonas一.......就......take...away拿走，帶走4.agoodwaytodosth做某事的好方法alittlebit一點(diǎn)兒6.onceuponatime從前7.o..變成8.comeout出現(xiàn)，出版，結(jié)果是9.getmarried結(jié)婚10.fallinlovewithsb愛(ài)上某人11.beborn出生12.allovertheworld全世界13.makeaplantodosth制定計(jì)劃做某事14.alongtheway沿路15.belost迷路16findout找出17.learnabout了解◆用法歸納trytodosth設(shè)法做某事2.finishdoingsth完成做某事continuetodosth繼續(xù)做某事4.makesbdosth讓某人做某事keepdoingsth一直做某事6.insteadofdoingsth代替做某事beabletodo能夠做某事Ittakes/took.....todosth花費(fèi)...做某事havenotimetodosth沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某事becomeinterestedindoingsth對(duì)做某事感興趣can’tstopdoingsth禁不住做某事hearsbdoingsth聽(tīng)到某人正在做某事leadsbtosomewhere引導(dǎo)某人到某處leavesthat/insomewhere把某物遺忘在某地15.showsbsth向某人展示某物◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Unit7what’sthehighestmountainintheworld?◆短語(yǔ)歸納takein吸入；吞入2.inthefaceof面對(duì)（問(wèn)題；困難）atbirth出生時(shí)4.asyoucansee正如你所看到的asfarasIknow據(jù)我所知6.upto直到prepare...for...為...準(zhǔn)備...8.fallover摔倒diefrom死于......10.cutdown砍倒takecareof照顧；照看12.orso大約；左右indanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中◆用法歸納anyother+名詞單數(shù)其他任何一個(gè)......feelfreetoasksbsthon......就...隨意問(wèn)某人某事oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)最....的....之一what’sthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞intheworld?世界上最....的....是什么？protect....from/against....保護(hù)....使不受；防御succeedindoingsth成功做成某事teachsbaboutsth教某人有關(guān).....內(nèi)容sendsbtodosth派某人去做某事Therebesb/sthdoing.....有某人/物正在做某事◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million,billion的用法形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法比較級(jí)變化規(guī)則比較等級(jí)要變化，一般詞尾加-er詞尾若有啞音e，直接加r就可以一輔重讀閉音節(jié)，輔音字母要雙寫輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，要把y改i加erUnit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?◆短語(yǔ)歸納befullof充滿2.growup長(zhǎng)大3.hurryup趕快4.bringbacktosw帶回到某地5.morethan超過(guò)6.inthemiddleof在....中間7.fightover為....爭(zhēng)吵；爭(zhēng)斗8.thinkabout考慮9.cometorealize開始意識(shí)到10.eversincethen從那時(shí)起11.akindof一種12.suchas例如13.belongto屬于14.findout找出；查出15.attheendoftheday在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候16.befamousfor因?yàn)?..而出名17.leavebehind遺忘；留下18.theimportanceofmoneyandsuccess金錢和成功的重要性◆用法歸納finishdoingsth完成做某事2.arriveat/insw到達(dá)某地3.learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事4.seesbdoingsth看到某人正在做某事5.namesbsth給某人取名為.......6.teachsbsth教某人某事usesthtodo用某物做某事8.lovetodo/doingsth喜歡做某事can’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事10.bekindtosb對(duì)某人友好hopetodosth希望做某事12.havetimetodosth有時(shí)間做某事13havenothingtodo沒(méi)什么事情可做◆語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?◆短語(yǔ)歸納haveagreattime玩的開心2.putup搭建；支起insucharapidway用如此快速的方式4.beabletodosth能夠做某事5.acoupleof少數(shù)；幾個(gè)6.ontheotherhand另一方面7.threequarters四分之三8.whether...or...不管...還是...9.wakeup醒來(lái)10.allyearround一年到頭，終年11.c